Submitted To:Maam Sanchez Date Submitted:

Submitted by:Sales,Jonrthur L. 10-Aguinaldo

MUSIC
20th and 21st century Multi-Media Forms

1) OPERA
Opera began as a constructed form. Unlike other musical forms it did not evolve in relation to other music
developments, such as sonata form arising from the development of equal temperament. It exploded onto
the scene. The Renaissances fascination with the ancient world of the Greeks and the Romans created
opera. It was one of its greatest, if misguided fruits. The original idea of opera was to recreate Greek drama,
retaining, as Marianne McDonald reveals, Aristotles elements of tragedy: plot, character, thought, language,
spectacle and music. Although earlier examples of vocal music existed they did not have the focus on plot,
character and spectacle that was given to opera. For example, the chorales of the Church and the musical
morality plays such as Hildegard of Bingens Ordo Virtutum (1151) were more interested in praise of God
than of suspenseful enticement of the audience. As with many created forms, opera had a difficult infancy
and these early years are worthy of an opera themselves.
Started in the Philippines during the 19 th Century when Instrumental virtuosis, opera singers, and Spanish
zarzuela performers came.
The element of tragedy, emanating from the popular themes of romance, deceit, murder, vendetta, and
other elements of human frailty, became a favorite story pattern of the Filipino opera.

a) La loba Negra
La Loba Negra (The Black She-Wolf) is a three-act Filipino opera. Acts I and II are based on history. Act III
is based on a legend attributed to Fr. Jose Burgos.
The music was composed by National Artist FranciscoFeliciano, with libretto by soprano Fides Cuyugan
Asensio.
The premiere was held in 1984 followed by another presentation in 1985.

b) Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

Popular novels by Dr. Jose Rizal
Composed into operas by National Artist Felipe Padilla De Leon in 1970 and 1975.
Re-staged as musicals at the CCP with music composed by Ryan Cayabyab.
2) Ballet
Ballet is a formalized form of dance with its origins in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th and 16th
centuries. Ballet spread from Italy to France with the help of Catherine de' Medici, where ballet developed
even further under her aristocratic influence. An early example of Catherine's development of ballet is
through 'Le Paradis d' Amour', a piece of work presented at her daughter's wedding, Marguerite de
Valois to Henry of Navarre. Aristocratic money was responsible for the initial stages of development in 'court
ballet', as it was royal money that dictated the ideas, literature and music used in ballets that were created to
primarily entertain the aristocrats of the time. The first formal 'court ballet' ever recognized was staged in
1573, 'Ballet des Polonais'. In true form of royal entertainment, 'Ballet des Polonais' was commissioned by
Catherine de' Medici to honor the Polish ambassadors who were visiting Paris upon the accession of Henry
of Anjou to the throne of Poland. In 1581, Catherine de' Medici commissioned another court ballet, Ballet
Comique de la Reine, however it was her compatriot, Balthasar de Beaujoyeulx, who organized the ballet.
Catherine de' Medici and Balthasar de Beaujoyeulx were responsible for presenting the first court ballet ever
to apply the principles of Baif's Academie, by integrating poetry, dance, music and set design to convey a
unified dramatic storyline. Moreover, the early organization and development of 'court ballet' was funded by,
influenced by and produced by the aristocrats of the time, fulfilling both their personal entertainment and
political propaganda needs.
present folktales based on local fables for example, Lola Basyang as well as epics from neighboring regions,
such as Indias Ramayana.
Lola Basyang and Rama Hari are additions to the usual Western ballets presented by Philippine ballet
companies.

a) Lola Basyang
ballet adaptation of Severino Reyes folktales Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang. It was meant to instill and
rekindle the interest of the Filipino youth in the beauty, richness, and heritage of Philippine literature.
Two episodes of such stories were presented by Ballet Manila, with Lisa Macuja-Elizalde as the companys
Executive Director and prima ballerina. Entitled Tatlong Kuwento ni Lola Basyang (2009) and Tatlo Pang
Kuwento ni Lola Basyang (2013)

b) Rama Hari
Philippine adaptation of the Indian epic Ramayana set to music, dance, and drama.
Originally presented on February 8 to 17, 1980, with the creative team of Ryan Cayabyab (Music), National
Artist Alice Reyes (Choreography), National Artist Bienvenido Lumbera (Literature), and National Artist
Salvador Bernal (Theater Design), with the CCP Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Cayabyab.
The production had the dancers moving alongside the characters to provide the choreographic interpretation
of their singing and acting.

3) Musical Play
is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance. The story and
emotional content of a musical humor, pathos, love, anger are communicated through the words, music,
movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole. Although musical theatre
overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance
given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements. Since the early 20th
century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.
A product of Philippine theater highly influenced by Broadway and West End
Mostly adapted from novels, literary works, or biographical sketches of famous artists.
a) Andres Bonifacio
a five-act work commissioned by Alfonso Puyat in 1979, depicting the life of revolutionary hero Andres
Bonifacio.
It was co-produced by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and the Andres Bonifacio Music Foundation, Inc.,
and was staged again at the CCP Main Theater on August 20 and 21, 1994 with Jerry Dadap as composer-
conductor and the late Elmo Makil as Bonifacio.

b) Atang
musical based on the life of the first superstar of the Philippines, Atang de la Rama.
It starred Ayen Munji-Laurel, Shamaine Centenera Buencamino, Frances Makil-Ignacio, Kalila Aguilos, Teroy
Guzman, Greg de Leon, Mitoy Sta. Ana, Ricky Ibe, Meynard Pealosa, Bituin Escalante and the Dulaang UP
Ensemble.

c) Katy
The musical Katy! is about the life of bodabil (vaudeville) star Katy de la Cruz.
Initially presented by Actors Studio East Production in 1988.
Music composed by Ryan Cayabyab
Lyrics by Jose Javier Reyes
It starred Mitch Valdes in the title role.

d) Florante at Laura
presented by Tanghalang Pilipino at the CCP Little Theater (Tanghalang Aurelio Tolentino) from July 7 to 24,
1988. This was in celebration of the 200th birth anniversary of the author Francisco Balagtas-Baltazar.
The musical was selected as the official Philippine entry to the first ASEAN Theater Festival in August 1988.
Music and musical arrangements by Nonong Buencamino

e) Darang Magayon
A production for poetry and mixed media for male and female narrators, female voice, two percussionists, two
pianists, and two dancers.
It was first presented at the Cultural Center of the Philippines Loading Dock in March 1991.
The music was composed by National Artist Ramon P. Santos, with choreography by Hazel Sabas, set and
lighting design by Katsch SJ Catoy, and costume design by Julie Lluch Dalena.

f) Noli Me Tangere
The American theater master Orson Welles once wrote that what gives theater its meaning is when it becomes
a social act. This is no more a suitable truism than in Audie Gemoras Noli Me Tangere The Musical, performed
by the theatre group Tanghalang Filipino at the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCPs) Tanghalang Aurelio
Tolentino
g) El Filubsterismo
Capping Gantimpala Theaters Four Classic is El Filibusterismo, written by Jomar Fleras, under the direction of
Jose Jeffrey Camaag.
The sequel to Noli Me Tangere offers a bleaker picture of bucolic San Diego and its many unfortunate
residents. The many tragedies that happened during the last decades of the nineteenth century were all
chronicled and immortalized in El Filibusterismo, said director Camaag.
h) Magsimula ka
by Gines Tan was staged at the CCP Main Theater from April 7 to 24, 1988. As the winner of the CCP
Playwriting Contest in 1983, it became one of the longest running musicals at the CCP.

ARTS
Elements of Art as Applied to an
Original Performance
Performance art is a performance presented to an audience within a fine art context,
traditionally interdisciplinary. Performance may be either scripted or unscripted, random
or carefully orchestrated; spontaneous or otherwise carefully planned with or without
audience participation. The performance can be live or via media; the performer can be
present or absent. It can be any situation that involves four basic elements: time, space,
the performer's body, or presence in a medium, and a relationship between performer
and audience. Performance art can happen anywhere, in any type of venue or setting
and for any length of time. The actions of an individual or a group at a particular place
and in a particular time constitute the work.

Sound and Music

Performance is the physical expression of music, which occurs when a song is sung or
when a piano piece, electric guitar melody, symphony, drum beat or other musical part is
played by musicians. In classical music, a musical work is written in music notation by
a composer and then it is performed once the composer is satisfied with its structure and
instrumentation. However, as it gets performed, the interpretation of a song or piece can
evolve and change.
In classical music, instrumental performers, singers or conductors may gradually make
changes to the phrasing or tempo of a piece. In popular and traditional music, the
performers have a lot more freedom to make changes to the form of a song or piece. As
such, in popular and traditional music styles, even when a band plays a cover song, they
can make changes to it such as adding a guitar solo to or inserting an introduction.

Gesture, Movement and Dance

Dance is a performance art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human
movement. This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as
dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.
Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of
movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.
 Costume, Make-up, Mask and Accessories
Costume design is the envisioning of clothing and the overall appearance of a character
or performer. Costume may refer to the style of dress particular to a nation, a class, or a
period. In many cases, it may contribute to the fullness of the artistic, visual world which is
unique to a particular theatrical or cinematic production.
The most basic designs are produced to denote status, provide protection or modesty, or
provide visual interest to a character.[1] Costumes may be for a theater, cinema, or musical
performance but may not be limited to such. Costume design should not be confused
with costume coordination which merely involves altering existing clothing, although both
create stage clothes.
Four types of costumes are used in theatrical design: historical, fantastical, dance, and
modern.

Spectacle
In general, spectacle refers to an event that is memorable for the appearance it creates.
Derived in Middle English from c. 1340 as "specially prepared or arranged display" it was
borrowed from Old French spectacle, itself a reflection of the Latin spectaculum "a show"
from spectare "to view, watch" frequentative form of specere "to look at. The
word spectacle has also been a term of art in theater dating from the 17th century in
English drama.

Principles of Art

Rhythm, Movement
Rhythm and dance are deeply linked in history and practice. The American dancer Ted
Shawn wrote; "The conception of rhythm which underlies all studies of the dance is
something about which we could talk forever, and still not finish."
A musical rhythm requires two main elements; first, a regularly-repeating pulse (also
called the "beat" or "tactus") that establishes the tempo and, second, a pattern
of accents and rests that establishes the character of the metre or basic rhythmic pattern.
The basic pulse is roughly equal in duration to a simple step or gesture.

Balance
the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was
a scale, these elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable. In symmetrical
balance, the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other
side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides are different but still look balanced. In radial
balance, the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similar.

Harmony, Unity, and Variety

Variety is the complement to unity and harmony, and is needed to create visual interest.
Without unity and harmony, an image is chaotic and unreadable; without variety it is dull
and uninteresting. Good performance is achieved through the balance of unity and variety.
 Proportion
Proportion is the comparison of dimensions or distribution of forms. It is the relationship in
scale between one element and another, or between a whole object and one of its parts.
Differing proportions within a composition can relate to different kinds of balance or
symmetry, and can help establish visual weight and depth.

PPP.E
DANCE FORMS
Hip-hop
In the 1970s, an underground urban movement known as "Hip Hop" began to develop in
the South Bronx in New York City. It focused on emceeing (or MCing), breakbeats, and
house parties. Hip hop music has been a powerful medium for protesting the law,
particularly police and prisons,
Hip hop is characterized by anywhere from four to nine distinct elements or expressive
realms. The main four are MCing (orality), turntablism or DJing (aural/sound practice), b-
boying (movement/dance), and graffiti art (visual). Other elements often cited are
knowledge (intellectual/philosophical), beatboxing, street entrepreneurism, language, and
fashion among others.

Street Dance
A street dance is a dance styleregardless of country of originthat evolved
outside dance studios in any available open space such as streets, dance parties, block
parties, parks, school yards, raves, and nightclubs. The term is used to
describe vernacular dances in urban context.
Vernacular dances are often improvisational and social in nature, encouraging interaction
and contact with spectators and other dancers. These dances are a part of the vernacular
culture of the geographical area that they come from. Examples of street dance include b-
boying (or breakdancing), which originated in New York City,and Melbourne Shuffle which
originated in Melbourne, Australia.

Cheer Dance
Cheerleading ranges from yelling to intense physical activity for sports team motivation,
audience entertainment, or competition based upon organized routines. The routines
usually range anywhere from one to three minutes, which may contain many components
of tumbling, dance, jumps, cheers, and stunting in order to direct spectators of events to
cheer for sports teams at games or to participate in cheerleading competitions.
The roots of cheerleading began during the late 18th century with the rebellion of male
students.After the American Revolutionary War, students experienced harsh treatment
 from teachers. In response to faculty's abuse, college students violently acted out. The
undergraduates began to riot, burn down buildings located on their college campuses, and
assault faculty members. As a more subtle way to gain independence, however, students
invented and organized their own extracurricular activities outside their professors' control.
This brought America sports and cheerleading to participate in, beginning first with
collegiate teams.

Contemporary Dance
Contemporary dance is a dance performance genre that developed during the mid
twentieth century and has since grown to become one of the dominant genres for formally
trained dancers throughout the world, with particularly strong popularity in the U.S. and
Europe.
its technique, contemporary dance tends to combine the strong and controlled legwork of
ballet with modern dance's stress on the torso, and also employs contract-release, floor
work, fall and recovery, and improvisation characteristic of modern dance.[2] Unpredictable
changes in rhythm, speed, and direction are often used, as well. It sometimes also
incorporates elements of non-western dance cultures such as elements from African
dance including bent knees, or movements from the Japanese contemporary
dance Butoh.

HEALTH
Existing Global Health Initiatives

o Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were the eight international
development goals for the year 2015 that had been established following the Millennium
Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations
Millennium Declaration.

All 189 United Nations member states at that time, and at least 22 international
organizations, committed to help achieve the following Millennium Development Goals by
2015:

1. To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

2. To achieve universal primary education
3. To promote gender equality and empower women
4. To reduce child mortality
5. To improve maternal health
6. To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
7. To ensure environmental sustainability
8. To develop a global partnership for development
o WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO
FCTC) is a treaty adopted by the 56th World Health Assembly held in Geneva,Switzerland
on 21 May 2003.[1] It became the first World Health Organization treaty adopted under
article 19 of the WHO constitution.[2] The treaty came into force on 27 February 2005. [3] It
had been signed by 168 countries and is legally binding in 180 ratifying countries.[3] There
are currently 16 United Nations member states that are non-parties to the treaty (nine
which have not signed and seven of which have signed but not ratified).
The FCTC, one of the most quickly ratified treaties in United Nations history, [5] is a
supranational agreement that seeks "to protect present and future generations from the
devastating health, social, environmental and economic consequences of tobacco
consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke" by enacting a set of universal standards
stating the dangers of tobacco and limiting its use in all forms worldwide.[1][6] To this end,
the treaty's provisions include rules that govern the production, sale, distribution,
advertisement, and taxation of tobacco. FCTC standards are, however, minimum
requirements, and signatories are encouraged to be even more stringent in regulating
tobacco than the treaty requires them to be.

o Global Health Mental Action Plan

Global mental health is the international perspective on different aspects of mental
health. It is 'the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving
mental health and achieving equity in mental health for all people worldwide'.
Taking into account cultural differences and country-specific conditions, it deals with
the epidemiology of mental disorders in different countries, their treatment options, mental
health education, political and financial aspects, the structure of mental health
care systems, human resources in mental health, and human rights issues among others.

o Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful use of Alcohol

The harmful use of alcohol is a serious health burden, and it affects virtually all individuals
on an international scale. Health problems from dangerous alcohol use arise in the form of
acute and chronic conditions, and adverse social consequences are common when they
are associated with alcohol consumption. Every year, the harmful use of alcohol kills 2.5
million people, including 320 000 young people between 15 and 29 years of age. It is the
third leading risk factor for poor health globally, and harmful use of alcohol was
responsible for almost 4% of all deaths in the world, according to the estimates for 2004.
The global strategy focuses on ten key areas of policy options and interventions at the
national level and four priority areas for global action. The ten areas for national action
are:
leadership, awareness and commitment;
health services' response;
community action;
drink-driving policies and countermeasures;
availability of alcohol;
marketing of alcoholic beverages;
pricing policies;
reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication;
reducing the public health impact of illicit alcohol and informally produced alcohol;
monitoring and surveillance.
o Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunizations
The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) is an international coalition of
partners. It includes national governments, international organizations such as the United
Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World
Bank; philanthropic institutions, such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Children's Vaccine
Program and the Rockefeller Foundation; the private sector, represented by the
International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations (IFPMA); and
research and public health institutions. The Alliance was officially launched in Davos,
Switzerland in January 2000.
o The Alliance has set five strategic objectives:
Improving access to sustainable immunization services.
Expanding the use of all existing safe and cost-effective vaccines.
Accelerating research and development efforts on vaccines and related products
specifically needed by developing countries, especially those against HIV/AIDS,
malaria and tuberculosis.
Accelerating the development and introduction of new vaccines.
Making immunization coverage an integral part of the design and assessment of
international development efforts, including deep debt relief.

Planning for Health Career

o Importance
Career planning is essential for those in the mining industry to succeed, particularly as the
mining industry has been in so much turmoil in recent years which has resulted in job
opportunities having shrunken tremendously. For this reason planning and setting
milestones for your desired career path in mining is essential.

o Component Steps
Plan forward. Put on paper where you see yourself going in your career, and plot each
step that you will need to reach, in order to get there.
Self-assessment. Routinely assess your skills, your potential, your strengths and
weaknesses and your ability to fulfil your aims.
Self-development. Once you have assessed yourself, always ensure that you pay
attention to any loopholes that you may have identified in your self-assessment, and
ensure you come up with an action to correct and fill these loopholes.
Work on getting the right experience. Try to gain as much experience as possible in
your job, take on additional projects and work if possible, in order to be able to gain new
experience.
Make yourself indispensable. Remember that in the work place that all moves and
promotions are based on high levels of competencies and job performances. You need to
be the best you can possibly be, to ensure that you are not overlooked for promotions and
future roles.
Networking is critical. Really work on your networking skills and ensure that the
networks that you create are relevant to your job choices and career aspirations.
Networking is not just about making contacts, its about making the right contacts and
getting to known and earning the respect of those that may be able to assist in your career
aspirations.
Find a mentor. If possible and your company offers this facility, find a mentor. A mentor
can help you in obtaining essential knowledge and information that will enable you to
 quickly learn what is required in your job, and help you succeed. A mentorship program
forms important relationships with those that can help in your career progression.
Training. Keeping up to date with training is essential particularly in the highly competitive
and every changing mining industry. Take advantage of any opportunities for training that
come your way.
Succession Planning. Succession planning is a process where employees are recruited,
trained and developed to fill each key position within a company. Actively pursuing
succession planning opportunities will ensure you are constantly developing and
progressing in your career.
Transfers and lateral moves. Should you feel you are stagnating in your current role,
and that there is little chance for progression, ask for a transfer, even if it is lateral move, if
it means you will gain wider and broader experience.

o Health Career Pathways Disease Prevention and Control

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention offers training in specific, critically
needed disciplines such as epidemiology and laboratory sciences, frequently through
experiential, on-the-job service and learning fellowships. The agency also provides a more
general exposure to public health as a field, often for younger participants, through
shorter-term internships. In addition, other programs provide opportunity for exposure to
public health thinking and public health problems in an academic setting as early as
elementary school. Although a primary purpose of these programs, especially the
experiential fellowships and internships, is to attract young people to public health careers,
a secondary goal, particularly for the younger students, is to foster an awareness and
concern regarding their personal health. The Career Paths to Public Health Program
focuses on students and teachers from elementary to undergraduate schools and builds
on CDC's existing postgraduate training programs. The program enhances student
interest in the practical uses of mathematics and science and introduces them to the
exciting work of public health. These activities also provide a nexus for working with both
traditional partners in academia and public health and new academic partners to foster
programs of mutual interest.

o Personal Health Care

the personal and medical care performed by the patient, usually in collaboration with and
after instruction by a healthcare professional. The patient's need for assistance and ability
to develop a higher level of selfcare must be evaluated informing any nursing care plan. M
aximal selfcare appropriate to the condition and to the patient is often the ultimate goalof n
ursing care. Occupational therapy services also help restore, develop, or maintain the skill
s necessary to permitphysically and mentally disabled people to perform the daily living ta
sks of self-care.
the health care by laypeople of their families, their friends, and themselves, including iden
tification and evaluation ofsymptoms, medication, and treatment. Self-
care is selflimited, voluntary, and wholly outside professional health caresystems but may i
nclude consultation with a physician or other health care professional as a resource.

o Maternal and Child Care

Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the
postpartum period. While motherhood is often a positive and fulfilling experience, for too
many women it is associated with suffering, ill-health and even death.
The major direct causes of maternal morbidity and mortality include haemorrhage,
infection, high blood pressure, unsafe abortion, and obstructed labour.
o Mental Health Occupational
Mental health is a component of all occupational therapy interventions,. Occupational
therapy practitioners provide mental health treatment and prevention services for children,
youth, the aging, and those with severe and persistent mental illness, with a focus on
function and independence.
Occupational therapists must have a masters degree for entry-level practice, and
occupational therapy assistants must have an associates degree. Both must pass an
initial certification exam.