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    10.3233@wor 2010 0960

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    The document evaluates ergonomic risk factors in non-regulated stone carving units in Jaipur, India. Twenty-five male workers in three sections of a stone carving unit were studied. Various assessment tools were used to analyze postures, repetitive motions, exertions and discomfort. Results found the work caused moderately heavy heart rates of 112 beats per minute. Posture analyses found high risk scores, indicating vulnerability to musculoskeletal disorders. Most activities were found to be in the high risk category for ergonomic issues. Immediate intervention is needed through tool, workstation and process redesign with help from organizations and government.

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    10.3233@wor 2010 0960

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    The document evaluates ergonomic risk factors in non-regulated stone carving units in Jaipur, India. Twenty-five male workers in three sections of a stone carving unit were studied. Various assessment tools were used to analyze postures, repetitive motions, exertions and discomfort. Results found the work caused moderately heavy heart rates of 112 beats per minute. Posture analyses found high risk scores, indicating vulnerability to musculoskeletal disorders. Most activities were found to be in the high risk category for ergonomic issues. Immediate intervention is needed through tool, workstation and process redesign with help from organizations and government.

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    10.3233@WOR-2010-0960

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    The document evaluates ergonomic risk factors in non-regulated stone carving units in Jaipur, India. Twenty-five male workers in three sections of a stone carving unit were studied. Various assessment tools were used to analyze postures, repetitive motions, exertions and discomfort. Results found the work caused moderately heavy heart rates of 112 beats per minute. Posture analyses found high risk scores, indicating vulnerability to musculoskeletal disorders. Most activities were found to be in the high risk category for ergonomic issues. Immediate intervention is needed through tool, workstation and process redesign with help from organizations and government.

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    27 views1 page

    10.3233@wor 2010 0960

    Uploaded by

    Fashionnift Nift
    The document evaluates ergonomic risk factors in non-regulated stone carving units in Jaipur, India. Twenty-five male workers in three sections of a stone carving unit were studied. Various assessment tools were used to analyze postures, repetitive motions, exertions and discomfort. Results found the work caused moderately heavy heart rates of 112 beats per minute. Posture analyses found high risk scores, indicating vulnerability to musculoskeletal disorders. Most activities were found to be in the high risk category for ergonomic issues. Immediate intervention is needed through tool, workstation and process redesign with help from organizations and government.

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    Work 35 (2010) 87–99 87

    DOI 10.3233/WOR-2010-0960
    IOS Press

    Evaluating ergonomic risk factors in


    non-regulated stone carving units of Jaipur
    Prabir Mukhopadhyay ∗ and Saurabh Srivastava
    Post Graduate Campus, National Institute of Design, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Received 26 February 2009


    Accepted 7 May 2009

    Abstract. Background: Stone carving at Jaipur in Rajasthan state of India, is a traditional craft employing a large number of local
    youths. As an unorganized sector problems are many ranging from lack of benefits to occupational ergonomic issues of Work
    Related Musculoskeletal Disorders(WMSDs) and injury to body parts.
    Study Design: Twenty five male workers were selected in each of the three sections of a stone carving unit. The focus was to
    identify different ergonomic risk factors associated in this profession from the field.
    Methods: Still photography and video photography was used to record different activities. Different types of non invasive tools
    like Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Occupational Repetitive Action Index
    (OCRA) were used. Psychophysical measures were investigated by Body part discomfort map, rated perceived exertion scale
    and visual analogue scale. Objective measurements (heart arte and skin temperature) were recorded with stop watch and digital
    thermometer.
    Results: The working heart rate after 30 minutes of work was 112.4 beats per minute categorizing the work as moderately heavy.
    Postural analysis by REBA indicated high score (13/13). Similarly postural analysis by RULA showed high score (7/7). These
    indicate vulnerability of many of the postures to musculoskeletal disorders and injury.
    Conclusion: The study indicates that majority of the activities are in the high risk category and demands immediate ergonomic
    intervention in the form of tool, workstation and process design. This could be done by involving different Non Government
    Organizations (NGOs), political parties, and the Human Rights Department both at the center and at the state level.

    Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomic risks, posture, repetitive activities, strain index

    1. Introduction WMSDs [9]. Hence it’s important that these risk fac-
    tors like awkward postures, repetitive movements and
    Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) forceful exertions be identified before they develop into
    are the most publicized occupational health prob- WMSDs and hamper productivity and quality of work.
    lems in industry [6,30]. Wicker et al. [30] found that Traditional craft sectors are such sectors where these
    work space layout, product or hand tool design of- risk factors are present [17]. Poor understanding of
    ten force workers to adopt awkward postures for long risk factors and more importantly control measures for
    periods. These are identified as causative factors for the different occupational health hazards in the craft
    clusters is the core of the problem in such sectors [27].
    In almost all the parts of India, traditional crafts are
    ∗ Address for correspondence: Dr. Prabir Mukhopadhyay, Post
    an important means of livelihood [14]. As it is com-
    Graduate Campus, National Institute of Design, GH-0 Extension pletely dependent on human labor, there is a huge po-
    Road, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India. Tel.: +91 79 23244515;
    Fax: +91 79 23244518; E-mail: prabirdr@gmail.com, prabir@nid. tential for ergonomic intervention. Unfortunately as an
    edu. unorganized sector, the employment is not secure and

    1051-9815/10/$27.50  2010 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved

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