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    Communication Lecture by BUET

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    nehal hasnain refath
    This document discusses various types of amplitude modulation techniques. It begins by explaining the basic concepts of baseband and carrier communication systems and defining amplitude modulation. It then describes different amplitude modulation schemes like DSB-SC, AM, SSB, QAM and VSB. For each technique, it discusses the modulation process, bandwidth requirements, advantages and limitations. It also provides examples and circuit diagrams to illustrate key concepts. The document is a lecture on amplitude modulation intended to teach students about different AM techniques.

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    Communication Lecture by BUET

    Uploaded by

    nehal hasnain refath
    318 views69 pages
    This document discusses various types of amplitude modulation techniques. It begins by explaining the basic concepts of baseband and carrier communication systems and defining amplitude modulation. It then describes different amplitude modulation schemes like DSB-SC, AM, SSB, QAM and VSB. For each technique, it discusses the modulation process, bandwidth requirements, advantages and limitations. It also provides examples and circuit diagrams to illustrate key concepts. The document is a lecture on amplitude modulation intended to teach students about different AM techniques.

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    Communication Lecture by BUET

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    This document discusses various types of amplitude modulation techniques. It begins by explaining the basic concepts of baseband and carrier communication systems and defining amplitude modulation. It then describes different amplitude modulation schemes like DSB-SC, AM, SSB, QAM and VSB. For each technique, it discusses the modulation process, bandwidth requirements, advantages and limitations. It also provides examples and circuit diagrams to illustrate key concepts. The document is a lecture on amplitude modulation intended to teach students about different AM techniques.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    318 views69 pages

    Communication Lecture by BUET

    Uploaded by

    nehal hasnain refath
    This document discusses various types of amplitude modulation techniques. It begins by explaining the basic concepts of baseband and carrier communication systems and defining amplitude modulation. It then describes different amplitude modulation schemes like DSB-SC, AM, SSB, QAM and VSB. For each technique, it discusses the modulation process, bandwidth requirements, advantages and limitations. It also provides examples and circuit diagrams to illustrate key concepts. The document is a lecture on amplitude modulation intended to teach students about different AM techniques.

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    You are on page 1of 69

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 1

    Amplitude Modulation
    Ref.: Lathi – Chap. 4 (4.1-4.5)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 2


    Baseband and Carrier Communication

     Modulation is a process that causes a shift in the


    range of frequencies in a signal.

     Baseband Communications are communication


    systems that do not use modulation.

     Carrier Communication are communication


    systems that use modulation.

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 3


    Baseband Signals

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 4


    Baseband/Carrier Communication

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 5


    Amplitude Modulation
     Amplitude modulation is a type of carrier
    communication

     Types of amplitude modulation:


    1. DSB-SC
    2. AM (DSB+C)
    3. SSB-SC
    4. SSB+C
    5. QAM
    6. VSB

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 6


    DSB-SC

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 7


    Double-sideband Suppressed Carrier
    Amplitude Modulation (DSB-SC)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 8


    DSB-SC

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 9


    DSB-SC (Why DSB? Why SC?)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 10


    DSB-SC Demodulation

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 11


    DSB-SC Demodulation (Coherent
    Detection)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 12


    Difference between Modulator & Demodulator

     Difference between modulator and demodulator lies in input


    signal and output filter.

     For modulator, input is message signal and output of


    multiplier is passed through a band pass filter (centered at fc).

     For demodulator, input is DSB-SC signal and output of


    multiplier is passed through a low pass filter.

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 13


    Example of DSB-SC Signal

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 14


    Example of DSB-SC Signal

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 15


    AM Modulators

     Multiplier Modulators

     Non-linear Modulators

     Switching Modulators

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 16


    Multiplier Modulators

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 17


    Non-linear Modulators

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 18


    Non-linear Modulators

     This is known as a balanced modulator (single balanced modulator)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 19


    Switching Modulators

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 20


    Switching Modulators

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 21


    Switching Modulators

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 22


    Switching Modulators

     The lesson of the example is:

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 23


    Diode-bridge Switch (Switching Modulator)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 24


    Ring Modulator (Switching Modulator)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 25


    Ring (Switching) Modulator

     Here, wo(t)=2w(t)-1

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 26


    Home Task

     Try examples 4.2 and 4.3

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 27


    Amplitude Modulation (AM)
     Problem with DSB-SC Modulation :

     Alternative of DSB-SC :

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 28


    AM (DSB+C)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 29


    Amplitude Modulation (AM)

     Alternative of DSB-SC = AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 30


    Amplitude Modulation (AM)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 31


    Amplitude Modulation (AM)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 32


    Envelope Detection for AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 33


    Envelope Detection for AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 34


    Envelope Detection for AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 35


    Home Task
     Try example 4.4

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 36


    Problem with Envelope Detection

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 37


    Problem with Envelope Detection=Low Power
    Efficiency

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 38


    Problem with Envelope Detection=Low Power
    Efficiency

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 39


    Demodulation of AM Signals

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 40


    Rectifier Detector

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 41


    Envelope Detector

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 42


    Limitations of DSB-SC and AM

     Both DSB-SC and AM have two sidebands (LSB/USB).

     So the modulated bandwidth is 2B Hz when the


    message bandwidth is B Hz. This leads to lower
    spectral efficiency.

     There are two ways to improve spectral efficiency:


    1. SSB
    2. QAM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 43


    Bandwidth Efficient AM (SSB and QAM)

     SSB (single sideband AM) removes LSB or USB


    and uses a bandwidth of B instead of 2B Hz for one
    message.

     QAM (quadrature AM) sends two (instead of one)


    messages over the same bandwidth of 2B Hz.

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 44


    SSB

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 45


    SSB-SC AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 46


    SSB-SC AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 47


    SSB-SC AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 48


    Example of SSB-SC AM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 49


    SSB Modulation
     Three methods:

    1. Phase shifting

    2. Selective filtering

    3. Weaver method

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 50


    Selective Filtering (SSB Modulation)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 51


    Phase-shift method (SSB Modulation)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 52


    Phase-shift method (SSB Modulation)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 53


    Hilbert Transform

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 54


    SSB-SC Demodulation

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 55


    Home Task

     Study the detection of

    SSB with a carrier (SSB+C)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 56


    QAM

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 57


    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 58


    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 59


    Limitation of QAM

    A

    Therefore, QAM is susceptible to cross talk or co-channel interference.

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 60


    VSB

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 61


    Vestigial Sideband Amplitude
    Modulation (VSB-AM)
     Generation of SSB signals is difficult (Limitation of SSB).

     Generation of DSB signals is simpler but requires twice the


    bandwidth (Limitation of DSB).

     Compromise between SSB and DSB:  VSB.

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 62


    VSB

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 63


    VSB

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 64


    VSB

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 65


    Example of VSB Output Filter

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 66


    VSB in Broadcast TV

     TV baseband signal has B=4.5 MHz.

     For DSB, modulated bandwidth 2B will be 9 MHz (too large).

     For SSB, modulated bandwidth will be 4.5 MHz (but SSB generation
    is difficult and expensive for TV signal).

     VSB for TV signal has modulated bandwidth of 6 MHz (<9 but >4.5).

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 67


    VSB in Broadcast TV

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 68


    Amplitude Modulation
    (AM)

    EEE 309 Apratim Roy 69

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