51: Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures

TEACHING SCHEME: EXAMINATION SCHEME: CREDITS

ALLOTTED:
Theory: 03 Hours / Week End Semester Examination: 60 Marks Theory: 03 Credits
Practical: 02 Hours / Week Continuous Assessment: 40 Marks
Term Work and Oral: 50 Marks Termwork:01 Credit

Course Pre-requisites:
The Students should have knowledge of
1. Basic concepts of equilibrium of a structure

2. Concepts of shears and moments in a frame

3. Geological concepts in civil engineering

4. Design of R.C.C. elements using limit state design.

5. Concept of various forces acrting on a frame and analysis of a frame.

Course Objectives:
The student should be able to know various causes of earthquakes , their types , various methods of
determination of earthquake forces , design a shear wall and ductile detailing of buildings.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course, the students will be able to:
1. describe the causes and characteristics of earthquakes, effects of earthquake and various seismic
zones

2. define single and multiple degree freedom system, different types of vibrations.
3. calculate the earthquake forces using Equivalent Static method as per I.S.1893-2002.
4. determine the earthquake forces using Dynamic method as per I.S.1893-2002, decide the choice of
method.
determine the earthquake forces using Dynamic method as per I.S.1893-2002, decide the choice of
method.

design a shear wall by understanding the concept behind it.

design the various provisions in buildings for earthquake resistance and the ductile detailing
provisions as per I.S. 13920-1993.

UNIT - I Earthquake and their effects (06

Hours)
Geology of earth, configuration of tectonic plates in a globe, influence of
Geology on earthquake, behavior of plates, their motion and effects, causes of
earthquake ,Characteristics of Earthquakes, Earthquake parameters,
magnitudes, intensity, scales, classification of earthquake, seismic zoning of
India, seismic coefficients for different zones, Effects of earthquakes on
buildings
UNIT - II Theory of vibrations (06 Hours)
Vibrations - definition, causes, classifications. Single Degree of Freedom
systems
(SDOF) - Free, forced, damped, un-damped vibrations with basic examples.
Introduction to Multi-degrees of Freedom systems (MDOF)

UNIT - III Determination of Earthquake forces-Static Method (06Hours)

Introduction to IS1893 (Part-I): 2002, Seismic design Philosophy, basic
definitions, Concept of OMRF &SMRF frames, Seismic coefficient method,
Determination of base shear ,Lateral force , storey shear diagram, application
to cantilevers
UNIT - IV Determination of Earthquake forces-Dynamic Method ( 06 Hours)
Dynamic Methods, Response Spectra Method as per I.S. 1893,Choice of
Method

UNIT - V Design of Shear Wall ( 06

Hours)
Concept of Shear Wall in earthquake resistance, Design of Shear wall

UNIT - VI Earthquake Resistance Provisions ( 06

Hours)
UNIT - VI Earthquake Resistance Provisions ( 06
Hours)
General Provisions and rules to be followed for buildings in seismic areas,
Various irregulations in buildings, Ductile detailing of earthquake resistant
design as per IS 13920:1993
Assignments: Any six from the list given below.
1. Assignment based on geology of earthquakes, causes of earthquakes.

2. Assignment based on effects of earthquakes, seismic zones

3. Assignment based on calculation live loads at different storey levels..

4. Assignment based on different types of vibrations.

5. Assignment based on calculation of various loads for different types of frames.

6. Assignment based on calculation of various loads for different types of soils.

7. Assignment based on calculation of various loads in different zones.

8. Assignment based on single degree freedom and multiple degree freedom system.

9. Assignment based on various irregularities in buildings.

10. Assignment based on ductile detailing as per IS 13920

Term Work:
1. Termwork should be based on above syllabus
2. Termwork should consist of
i) projects on determinations of Earthquake forces using static method
ii) projects on determinations of Earthquake forces using dynamic method
iii) project on design of shear wall.
Text Books:
1. B.N.Duggal “Earthquake resistance design of structure - Oxford University Press.

2. Dr. Vinod Hosur “ Earthquake – Resistant Design of Building Structures”- Wiley India

3. Earthquake Tips NICEE, IIT, Kanpur

4. Jai krishna and Chandra shekharan “Elements of Earthquake Engineering “

5. N.Subramanian “ Design of Steel Structures”, Oxford University Press

Reference Books:
1. Clough R.W. and Penzin J “Dynamics of structure’. McGraw Hill Civil Engineering
2. Anil Chopra “Dynamics of structure ‘, Prentice Hall India Publication
3. Mario Paz “ Dynamics of structure”, CBSPD Publication
4. Kramer S. L. ‘Geo-technical Earthquake Engineering ‘,Prentice Hall India Publication
5. John M. Biggs “Introduction to Structural Dynamics’
6. I.S.1893-2002 and I.S. 13920-1993
Syllabus for Unit Test:
Unit Test -1 UNIT – I, II, III

Unit Test -2 UNIT – IV, V, VI

 52: Water Resources Engineering

TEACHING SCHEME: EXAMINATION SCHEME: CREDITS

ALLOTTED:
Theory: 3 Hours / Week End Semester Examination: 60 Marks Theory: 4 Credits
Practical: 2 Hours / Week Continuous Assessment: 40 Marks
Tutorial: 1 Hour / Week Term Work and Oral: 50 Marks Term work: 1 Credit

Course Pre-requisites:
The Students should have knowledge of
1. Fundamentals of Soil and Fluid Mechanic.
2. Fundamentals of and Mathematics and Statistics.
Course Objectives:
Students will study hydrological analysis and design hydraulic structures.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Describe methods of Measurement of precipitations and its analysis for planning water resources
project.
2. Describe methods of estimation of evaporation and infiltration and their use for hydrological studies.

3. Describe the methods of stream flow measurement and design the flood hydrograph.
4. Describe process of reservoir planning and design the gravity dams.
5. Design and construction of earth dams.
6. Hydraulic design of spillways and energy dissipation arrangement.
UNIT - I Precipitation and its measurement (06 Hours)
Introduction to Hydrology , Hydrological Cycle, Applications in
Engineering, Formation of precipitation, Types of Precipitations,
Measurement- rain gauges, estimation of missing data, mean precipitation
over an area, presentation of rainfall data, depth area duration relationship,
intensity duration frequency relationship, frequency of point rainfall

UNIT - II Evaporation and Infiltration ( 06 Hours)

Initial losses, Evaporation Evapotransmeters, imperial methods for
estimation of evaporation, evapotranspiration, methods to reduce
evaporation, infiltration process, factors affecting infiltration, infiltration
equations, measurement of infiltration, infiltration indices,

UNIT - III Stream Flow Measurement and Hydrograph (06 Hours)

 Stream flow measurement, measurement of stage, measurement of velocity,
area velocity method, slope area methods dilution techniques/tracer methods,
run off, factors affecting, hydrograph, Unit hydrograph, theory and
applications. Methods of flood estimation, rational method.

UNIT - IV Reservoir planning and Gravity dams ( 06 Hours)

Investigations for reservoir planning, various storage zones, estimation of
reservoir capacity by mass curve method, Gravity dams forces acting and
their combinations, criteria for structural stability, modes of failure,
elementary profile of gravity dam, construction of gravity dam, Use of
colgroute masonry ,foundation treatment.
UNIT - V Earth dams ( 06 hours)

Classification of earth dams, method of construction ,basic design

considerations in design of section, phreatic line and its location, stability of
slopes ,design of filters ,rock toe and pitching, internal drainage
arrangement, cut of trench. Causes of failure of earth dams.
UNIT - VI Spillways and hydropower structures (06 Hours)
Introduction , function , components, classification ,selection of type of
spillway, hydraulic design of ogee spillway, Energy dissipation below
spillway- hydraulic jump type and bucket type, spillway gates.

Assignments:
1. Numericals on precipitation.

2. Estimation of net run off from given catchment knowing the infiltration index.

3. Numericals on
4. Unit hydrograph.
5. Case studies on types of gravity dams.
6. Report on colgroute masonry construction of gravity dams.

7. Numericals on spillways
8. Study of different sections of earth dams used in field for different site conditions and different
materials.
Term Work: Term Work will consist of minimum eight assignments from list given below.
1. Marking the catchment area for a given reservoir site on topographical maps and Estimation
of Mean precipitation for given catchment area.
2. Estimation of reservoir capacity by mass curve method

3. Design a flood hydrograph from a given unit hydrograph.

4. Design of hydrographs of different duration from a given UH.

5. Site Visit to water resources project.

6. Stability analysis of gravity dams.
 7. Stability analysis of earth dams.

8. Hydraulic design of spillway and energy dissipation arrangement.

9. Study and draw typical layout of high head hydropower plant.

Text Books:
1. Dr. P.N. Modi “Irrigation Water Resources and Water Power Engineering “ , Standard Book
House.2014
2. S. K. Garg “Irrigation Water Resources and Water Power Engineering” Khanna Publishers, 2006.

3. ” K. Subramanian “Engineering Hydrology” Tata Mc Graw Hill 2015

4. Dr P. Jaya Rami Reddy “A Text Book of Hydrology” . University Science Press New Delhi.2008

Reference Books:
1 V.T. Chow “Applied Hydrology “, Mc Graw Hill Publications 2003
2 R.S. Varshney Concrete dams , , Oxford and IBH ,2000
3 Bharat Singh and R.S.Varshney Embankment dams , Oxford and IBH ,2000
Syllabus for Unit Test:
Unit Test -1 UNIT – I, II, III
Unit Test -2 UNIT – IV, V, VI
 54 C : Solid Waste Management

TEACHING SCHEME: EXAMINATION SCHEME: CREDITS

ALLOTTED:
Theory: 3 Hours / Week End Semester Examination: 60 Marks Theory: 3 Credits
Practical: 2 Hours / Week Continuous Assessment: 40 Marks
Term Work and Oral: 50 Marks Termwork: 1 Credit

Course Pre-requisites:
The Students should have knowledge of
1. Basic Knowledge of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics
2. Basic Knowledge of Environmental Science
3. Basic Knowledge of Statistics and Computers
Course Objectives:
To learn the concept of Solid Waste Generation and understand its need and importance to Reuse,
Recycle, Refuse and thereby, effectively manage the problem of Solid Waste generated as well as
mitigation and combating the issue of land pollution.
Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Understand the generation, sources and characteristics of Solid Waste
2. Classify the types of the collection and storage of Solid Waste
3. Familiarize with the Present Scenario of transporting the Solid Waste by analyzing inefficient and
Unscientific Manual Loading Of Waste and Understand the screening and scoping process and how it is
applied
4. Know the options for sorting the solid waste at Source, Waste Processing Site and Land filling Site

5. Understand Site Investigation and Site Characterization for Landfill by Proper Planning And Design as
well as Principles Of Composting by Manual And Mechanized Methods
6. Familiarize with latest Emerging Processing Technologies for Solid Waste for
Treatment and Recovery of useful Products
UNIT - I Solid Waste Management ( 6 Hours)
Solid Waste: Definitions And Classification Of Solid Wastes, Composition,
Characteristics And Quantities, Per Capita Quantity Of Municipal Solid
Waste In Indian Urban Centers, Estimation Of Future Per Capita Waste
Quantity, Physical Characteristics, Chemical Characteristics
Solid Waste Management: Introduction, Objective, Principles, Functional
Elements, Components, Solid Waste Generation, Environmental Impact Of
Solid Waste Disposal On Land, Management System, Linkages Between
Municipal Solid Waste Management System And Other Types Of Wastes
Generated In An Urban Centre, Materials Flow Chart For Municipal Solid
Waste, Legislation and Rules of SWM in India
UNIT - II Collection and Storage of Waste ( 6 Hours)
 Collection: Introduction, Present Scenario, Tools & Equipment, Methods Of
Primary Collection Of Waste, Collection Of Waste From Shops And
Establishments, Collection Of Bio-Medical Waste, Collection Of Hotel And
Restaurant Waste, Collection Of Construction And Demolition, Collection
Of Domestic Hazardous & Toxic Waste
Storage: Introduction, Present Scenario, Storage Of Recyclable Waste,
Provision Of Litter Bins On The Streets, Provision Of Special Containers
For Storage Of Domestic Hazardous And Toxic Wastes, Measures To Be
Taken By The Local Bodies Towards Segregation Of Recyclable Waste
UNIT - III Transportation of Waste ( 6 Hours)

Introduction, The Present Scenario: Inefficient And Unscientific Manual

Loading Of Waste Irregular Transportation, Underutilization Of Fleet Of
Vehicles, Open Trucks Cause Nuisance, Non-Routing Of Transportation Of
Waste From Hotels/Restaurants/Hospitals/Construction Site, Measures To
Be Taken To Improve The System: Domestic/Trade/Institutional Waste,
Routing Of Vehicles, Use Of Vehicles In Two Shifts, Type Of Vehicles To
Be Used, Bio-Medical Waste From Hospitals/Nursing Homes/Health Care
Establishments, Transportation Of Waste From Hotels & Restaurants,
Transportation Of Construction Waste And Debris, Transportation Of Waste
From Narrow Lanes, Setting Up Of Transfer Station, Lifting Of Waste From
The Transfer Station, Workshop Facility For Vehicle Maintenance, Fleet Of
Vehicles To Be Maintained, Parking Of Workshop Vehicles
UNIT - IV Sorting and Material recovery ( 6 Hours)

Sorting: Introduction, Objectives, Stages, Primary and Secondary / Tertiary

Sorting, Primary Sorting At Source, Primary Sorting At The Community
Bin (Municipal Bin), Primary Sorting At Landfill, Secondary / Tertiary
Sorting, Occupational Health, Toxicity Related Hazards, Hazardous
Substance Containers, Household Batteries And Other Toxic, Infectious,
Non-Recyclable, Problems And Desirable Change, Long-Term Desirable,
Sorting At Waste Processing Site, Sorting Prior To Land filling
Material Recovery: Introduction, Guidelines for Sorting for Materials
Recovery, Material Recovery at the Source, Community Bin (Municipal
Bin), Waste Storage Depot, Transfer Station, Intermediate Sorting at Central
Sorting Facility, Waste Processing Site, Land filling Site
UNIT - V Landfill and Composting ( 6 Hours)
Landfill: Introduction, Land filling Of Municipal Solid Waste,
Environmental Impact And Its Minimization, Essential Components, Site
Selection, Site Investigation And Site Characterization, Landfill Planning
And Design, Design And Construction Of Landfill Liners, Construction And
Operational Practice, Post-Closure Stabilization, Operation And Care,
Landfill Quality Assurance And Quality Control, Land filling Costs,
Manpower Requirements, Remediation Of Old Landfill Sites
Composting: Introduction, Principles Of Composting – Manual And
Mechanized Methods, Windrow Composting, Factors Affecting The
Composting Process, Control Of Composting Process, Properties Of
Compost, Mechanical Composting, Unit Processes, Environmental Control

UNIT - VI Emerging Processing Technologies ( 6 Hours)

 Introduction, Vermicomposting, Biogas from Municipal Solid Wastes,
Conversion Of Solid Wastes To Alcohol Fermentation, Pyrolysis, Plasma
Arc Technology/Plasma Pyrolysis Vitrification, Refuse Derived Fuel, Hydro
pulping, Slurry Carb Process, Treatment For Recovery Of Useful Products
Assignments:
1. Segregation and Storage of Waste at Source

2. Abolish open waste storage depots and other Inefficient waste storage devices

3. Public Private Partnership in SWM Services

4. Private Sector Participation

5. Provision of SWM Services in slums

6. Allotment adequate funds for capital and revenue Expenditure for SWM

Text Books:
1. Handbook of Solid Waste Management, George Tchobanoglous and Frank Kreith, Second Edition,
McGRAW-HILL
2. Solid Waste Management, K. Sasikumar, Sanoop Gopi Krishna, PHI Learning, 2009
3. Solid Waste: Engineering Principles and Management Issues, , George Tchobanoglous, 1st Edition,
McGRAW-HILL
4. Solid Waste Technology and Management Vol. 1 and 2, Thomas Christensen, Wiley Publishing, 2010
5. Solid Waste Management, Stefen Burnley, Wiley Publishing, 2014
Reference Books and Further Reading:
1. Assessment of the Status of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Metro Cities, State Capitals, Class
I Cities and Class II Towns in India: An Insight . Sunil Kumar, J.K. Bhattacharya, A.N. Vaidya, Tapan
Chakrabarti, Sukumar Devotta, A.B. Akolkar. Kolkatta : Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), 2008.
2. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, MNRE. National Master Plan for Development of Waste-to-
Energy in India. Ministry of Environment and Forests. [Online] 2003.
3. Census of India, 2011. Census of India. [Online] 2011.
Syllabus for Unit Test:
Unit Test -1 UNIT – I, II, III
Unit Test -2 UNIT – IV, V, VI