Chemical Spill Response Guideline

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Chemical Spill Response Guideline

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction 3
2. Roles & Responsibilities 3

2.1. Chemical Safety Officer 3
2.2. Worker 3
2.3. Supervisor or Principle Investigator 3
2.4. Chemical Spill Team Captain (s) 4
3. Spill Prevention 4
3.1. Storage 4
3.2. Transport 5
3.3. Decanting 5
3.4. Handling & Use 5
3.5. Disposal 6
4. Spill Response Preparation 6

4.1. Training 6
4.2. Hazard Information 6
4.3. Equipment 7
4.4. Procedures 7
5. Spill Response 7
Spill Response Guide No. 1: Flammable Liquids 7
Spill Response Guide No. 2: Combustible Liquids 8
Spill Response Guide No. 3: Acids 9
Spill Response Guide No. 4: Alkali & Bases 11
Spill Response Guide No. 5: Mercury 12
Spill Response Guide No. 6: Oxidizers 13
Spill Response Guide No. 7: Highly Toxic Materials 14
Spill Response Guide No. 8: Low Hazards Materials 16
Spill Response Guide No. 9: Air & Water Reactive Materials 17
Spill Response Guide No. 10: Compressed Gas Leaks 17
6. Reporting Chemical Incidents 18
Appendix A: Chemical Spill Kits 18
Appendix B: Keck Graduate Institute Chemical Spill Response Flowchart 19

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1. Introduction
A chemical spill is defined as the uncontrolled release of a hazardous chemical, either as a solid, liquid or
a gas. Chemical spills at Keck Graduate Institute may occur in a variety of worksites, from research &
teaching laboratories, to facilities operations. The challenges related to dealing with chemical spills will
vary with the type and volume of chemical involved. Chemical spills in laboratories generally involve small
volumes of a potentially large number of chemicals.
Regardless of the type or quantity of hazardous chemical involved, all worksites must implement
measures to reduce the potential for spills and have a plan for responding to chemical spills. This
document describes generic methods for preventing chemical spills, responding to spills of low or
moderate hazard and information on reporting and addressing higher hazard chemical spills at Keck
Graduate Institute.
2. Roles and Responsibilities

2.1. Chemical Safety Officer
• Implement measures to prevent potential spills of hazardous materials.

• Develop “site specific” spill response procedures where controlled products are used or
stored that present a special risk upon exposure.
• Appoint Chemical Spill Team members; and a Team Captain
• Provide support to the Chemical Spill Team.
2.2. The Worker
Under the OH&S Act, the worker has an obligation to protect their own health and safety and that of other
workers present while they are working. The worker is also expected to cooperate with their employer for
the purpose of protecting their health and safety and that of other workers. Specifically, these
responsibilities include:
• Take all necessary steps to minimize the chance of spills when working with chemicals (see 3.
Spill Prevention).
• Cooperate with their supervisor, the CSO, and the Chemical Spill Team to implement a
chemical spill program in their area.
2.3. The Supervisor or Principal Investigator
Supervisors and Principal Investigators when involved in the supervision of staff members, students, post
doctoral fellows or others are responsible for performing the duties of the employer specified under the
Act as designated representatives of the University. Specifically, these include:
• Ensuring that an adequate number of persons are trained in chemical spill response for their
specific area.
• Provide site-specific training for their area.
• Ensuring there is sufficient and appropriate spill response supplies in their area.
• Take all necessary steps to minimize the chance of spills when working with chemicals (see 3.
Spill Prevention).
• Cooperate with the CSO and the Chemical Spill Team to implement a chemical spill program in
their area.
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2.4. The Chemical Spill Team and Team Captain
• Provide assistance in response to chemical spills. The extent to which the spill team and
other personnel respond to chemical spills will vary with policy. The Spill Team Captain will
coordinate response and summoning of additional response personnel, and will be available
after hours to provide assistance in the event of a spill.
• Provide “site-specific” training to lab members who work with chemicals and will potentially be
involved in chemical spill / emergency response situations.
• Regularly inspect labs to ensure that spill kits are available and that supplies are relevant to
the chemicals being handled in the area for which the spill kit is designated for use.
• Maintain records regarding inspections conducted, training conducted and spill kit
maintenance.
3. Spill Prevention
The first step in chemical spill response is to prevent the spill from happening in the first place. The worksite
should be examined to identify measures that can be taken to minimize the risk of a chemical spill
occurring. These measures can be identified during regular worksite safety inspections.
Chemical spills occur during five types of activities; storage, transport, transfers, usage and disposal.
3.1. Storage
• Ensure shelving units are sturdy, and not overcrowded with containers. Shelves used for chemical
storage should be securely fastened to the wall or floor to provide added stability.
• Ensure chemicals are stored within easy reach of everyone in the lab, and no higher than eye level.
Large bottles and containers should be stored as close to floor level as possible.
• Do not store chemical containers directly on the floor where they might be knocked over and
broken, unless they are in approved safety cans or still in their original shipping carton and packing.
• Do not store chemical containers on top of flammable storage or acid storage cabinets.
• Minimize the number of chemicals and size of containers stored in the lab. For commonly used
chemicals (i.e. acids, solvents), a good rule of thumb is to keep quantities in the lab to either a
single bottle or a one-week supply, whichever is less.
• Ensure that lighting and ventilation is adequate is the storage area.
• Regularly inspect chemicals in storage to ensure there are no leaking or deteriorating containers.
Some items to note:
o Keep the outside of containers clean and free of spills and stains.
o Check that caps and closures are secure and free of deformation. Use only screw caps on
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chemical containers in storage; foil, Parafilm , corks or other plugs are not acceptable.
o Ensure that metal containers are free of rust, bulges or signs of pressure buildup.
• Do not store chemicals in unsuitable containers or containers made of incompatible material (eg: no
HF in glass containers).
• Do not store incompatible chemicals together (e.g. acids with bases). Chemicals must be stored by
hazard category and not alphabetically (except within a hazard group).
• Purchase solvents in containers with a plastic safety coating.

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• Ensure that all gas cylinders are securely fastened and upright.
3.2. Transport
• When transporting large, heavy or a multitude of containers use a cart suitable for the load with
high edges or spill trays that will contain any spills or leaks. Two people should be involved when
transporting large amounts of chemicals.
• Carry glass containers in bottle carriers or another leak resistant, unbreakable secondary container.
• Use a gas cylinder handcart when transporting large gas cylinders. Ensure cylinder is securely
strapped to the cart.
• Comply with the California DOT and Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations when
transporting hazardous material on public roads. See internet links below for specific regulations.
http://www.chp.ca.gov/publications/pdf/chp800c.pdf
http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safety-security/hazmat/complyhmregs.htm#hm
DOT's Office of Hazardous Materials Safety: (800) 467-4922

For assistance classifying shipments
http://hazmat.dot.gov/rules/98_3971.htm
3.3. Decanting
• When transferring chemicals between containers, pay careful attention to the size of the receiving
container to prevent overfilling it.
• When transferring liquids from large containers, use pumps, siphoning (not initiated by mouth) or
other mechanical means instead of pouring.
• Use spill containment trays to catch leaks and spills when transferring liquids.
• When transferring flammable liquid from drums, ensure that both the drum and receptacle are
grounded and bonded together to avoid an explosion initiated by a static electric spark.
3.4. Handling & Use
• In laboratories, work in a fume hood whenever possible.
• When setting up and working with laboratory apparatus:
o Inspect laboratory glassware for cracks or defects before using it.

o Secure flasks and beakers to prevent them from tipping over.
o Do not stage experiments below heavy objects which might fall on them. Ensure the work
area is free of unnecessary clutter.
o Select equipment that has a reduced potential for breakage (e.g. Pyrex).
o Replace mercury with alcohol thermometers or other alternate type of temperature
measuring device.
• When planning experiments, anticipate possible accidents and provide controls to deal with
problems that may occur.
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• If you must work alone, ensure the working alone protocol addresses chemical spill response as
part of the emergency procedures
• Check gas cylinder valves and gas tubing for leakage before use.
• If possible, keep cylinders of highly toxic or corrosive gases in a fume hood or other ventilated
enclosure.
• Ensure you have access and know the location of a suitable chemical spill kit before you start
working with chemicals.
3.5. Disposal
• Do not mix incompatible wastes together to avoid uncontrolled chemical reactions.
• Properly identify the contents of all waste containers to avoid inappropriate disposal.
• Leave at least 20% air space in bottles of liquid waste to allow for vapor expansion and to reduce
the potential for spills due to overfilling.
• When not in use, keep waste containers securely closed or capped. Do not leave funnels in waste
containers.
• Dispose of waste on a regular basis; do not allow excess waste to accumulate in the work area.
4. Spill Response Preparation

Emergency preparedness is an important element of a chemical spill plan. When worksites are prepared
for chemical spills, fewer errors are made and there is a reduced risk to persons, property and the
environment. The essential elements of spill response preparation are; training, hazard information, proper
equipment, and written procedures as described below.
4.1. Training
24 HAZWOPER Training Certification is coordinated by the CSO and supported by KGI administration to
interested individuals who wish to serve two years on the KGI Chemical Spill Team. The Designate(s) then
use this to support spill response efforts and to assist laboratory specific training to individuals.
This training includes, guidelines for emergency response, review of laboratory specific chemical spill
response plan development, instruction in spill cleanup techniques, and review of hazards found in the
work area (chemical, physical, biological) which may be of concern during chemical spill response.
4.2. Hazard Information
Information on the chemical hazards present at the worksite must be kept up-to-date and readily available.
Sources of information include Material Safety Data Sheets, signs, Chemical Inventory, container labels,
posters, and reference books. The worksite supervisor, PI and CSO are responsible for ensuring that this
information is readily available to worksite personnel.
4.3. Equipment
The Chemical Spill Team is responsible for ensuring that an adequate supply of spill response equipment is
maintained in each laboratory as well as a Master Spill Kit which is located in the dish room in building 535
and the small autoclave room near the Bioengineering lab building 517. The equipment required includes;
first-aid equipment, personal protective equipment, spill cleanup supplies.
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4.4. Procedures
The procedures given in Section IV (4) of KGI’S Chemical Hygiene Plan provide general guidance for
responding to chemical spills and Appendix B of this document includes a flow chart summarizing the
actions which will be taken. A copy of this procedure should be made available to personnel at all worksites
at KGI.
5. Spill Response Guides

Spill Response Guide No. 1:
Flammable Liquids
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Flammable liquids have flash points below 37.8 C, evaporate quickly, and within a short period of time
can reach high vapor concentration. Some common examples of flammable liquids include ethanol,
methanol, hexane, diethyl ether, and toluene. Larger spills of flammable liquids may require a response by
the fire department if vapor concentration exceeds the lower explosion limit (LEL). A spill of more than 500
mL is an emergency that requires area evacuation and notification of the CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) or
Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). Spills of less than 500mL can be cleaned-up by local
personnel who are adequately trained and have the proper spill response equipment available. If this is the
case, proceed as follows:
1) If spill absorbent is available in the immediate area, dike around the spill (see Step 6 below) if it is
safe to do so. This will prevent the spill from spreading further.
2) Immediately extinguish any open flames and, and isolate and evacuate the spill area.
3) If the area’s ventilation system recirculates the air throughout the building, call the Facilities
Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts
(7-7894) to have the ventilation shut down to prevent the spread of vapor throughout the building. In
addition, close any open doors to also help prevent the spread of vapors.
4) Assemble spill team members and the spill response kit outside the spill area. Obtain and read the
MSDS for the substance to determine the hazards associated with it and any special precautions
that will need to be taken.
5) Don the appropriate personal protective equipment. Depending on the scale of the spill and
properties of the spilled substance, this can include:
a. Gloves as recommended by MSDS or glove manufacturer.
b. Splash goggles or face shield.
c. Shoe covers or rubber boots.
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d. Lab coat or Tyvek coveralls.
e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with organic vapor or combination cartridges, or as
otherwise recommended by the MSDS or respirator manufacturer.
6) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows. Do not use paper
towels to absorb the spill since this increases the rate of evaporation and vapor concentration of the
liquid.
7) Carefully cover the spill area with spill absorbent or spill pillows, starting at the outside and working
inward.
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8) Sweep up the residue using spark-proof tools and place the residue into a labeled, plastic, waste
container (plastic pail with lid or double heavy duty plastic bags). Store for disposal as hazardous
waste.
9) Mop the affected area using detergent and water. Dispose of this water to the sanitary sewer.
10) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.
11) If the ventilation system has been shut down, contact Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722),
CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). to have it restarted.
Once the spill has been cleaned up, the area should not be reentered until it has been purged of all
remaining vapor. In the absence of air monitoring equipment, wait at least 1 hour before reentering the
area.

Combustible & Other Nonflammable Organic Liquids
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Combustible liquids (e.g. mineral spirits) have flash points above 37.8 C but below 93.3 C and are not
fire hazards at room temperature. The principal hazard from non-flammable, volatile liquid spills is exposure
to the vapor by inhalation or skin absorption. A spill of more than 1 litre is an emergency that requires
area evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-
0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). Spills of less than 1 litre can be cleaned up by local
case, proceed as follows:
2) Immediately extinguish any open flames, and isolate and evacuate the spill area.
3) If the area’s ventilation system recirculates the air throughout the building, call the Facilities
Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts
(7-7894) to have the ventilation shut down to prevent the spread of vapor throughout the building. In
addition, close any open doors to also help prevent the spread of vapors.
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e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with organic vapor or combination cartridges, or as
6) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows. Do not use paper
towels to absorb the spill since this increases the rate of evaporation and vapor concentration of the
liquid.
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inward.
container (plastic pail with lid or double heavy duty plastic bags). Save for disposal as hazardous
waste.
CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894) to have it restarted.
Once the spill has been cleaned up, the area should not be reentered until it has been purged of all
remaining vapor. In the absence of air monitoring equipment, wait at least 1 hour before reentering the
area.
Acid Spills
The principal concern is the corrosive effect of these substances. Dilute solutions irritate the skin, while
concentrated solutions can result in burns and also react violently with water
Hydrofluoric acid can penetrate deeply and damage underlying tissue. Note that hydrofluoric acid spills
require special response procedures. If you work with hydrofluoric acid, you must have a site
specific safe work procedure, that includes spill and emergency response procedures.
A spill of more than 1 litre of liquid or 500g of solid acid is an emergency that requires area
evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160)
and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). All spills of concentrated hydrofluoric acid are
emergencies and require outside assistance. Spills of less than 1 litre / 500g can be cleaned up by local
case, proceed as follows for a liquid acid spill:
2) Isolate & evacuate the spill area.
3) If the spilled chemical is volatile, and the area’s ventilation system recirculates the air throughout
the building, call the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and
Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894) to have the ventilation shut down to prevent the spread
of vapor throughout the building. In addition, close any open doors to also help prevent the spread
of vapors.
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e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with acid gas or combination cartridges, or as

6) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows. Ideally, use spill
absorbent that contains a mild neutralizing agent such as sodium carbonate (soda ash)
inward.
waste.
9) Check the pH of the spill area. If it is less than pH6, then neutralize with a dilute solution of 5%
sodium bicarbonate (baking soda).
Once the spill has been cleaned up, the area should be free of any acid fumes or vapors. However, if odors
or irritation is still noted, isolate the area and wait at least 1 hour before reentering.
For a solid acid spill;

1) Isolate the spill area, and assemble spill team members and the spill response kit outside the spill
area. Obtain and read the MSDS for the substance to determine the hazards associated with it
and any special precautions that will need to be taken.
b. Safety glasses or goggles.
c. Lab coat.
d. Half mask air-purifying respirator with N95 or greater protection particulate filter, or as
3) If necessary, slightly moisten the solid, to minimize dust production. Use water, or if the material is
water reactive, another inert liquid (e.g. ethylene glycol).
waste.
5) Remaining solid acid residue may be neutralized using a dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate
(baking soda). Check the pH of the spill area; the final pH should be between pH 6 and pH 10. Use
spill absorbent or spill pillows to absorb the neutralized residue.

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Alkali & Base Spills
Like acids, the principal concern is the corrosive effect of these substances. Dilute solutions irritate the
skin, while concentrated solutions can result in burns. Concentrated alkali compounds can penetrate
deeply and damage underlying tissue.
A spill of more than 1 litre of liquid or 500g of solid alkali or base is an emergency that requires area
evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160)
and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894).. Spills of less than 1 litre / 500g can be cleaned up by
local personnel who are adequately trained and have the proper spill response equipment available. If this
is the case, proceed as follows for a liquid alkali or base spill:
2) Isolate and evacuate the spill area.
Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). to have the ventilation shut down to prevent the spread
of vapors.
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e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with cartridges/filters as recommended by the MSDS or
respirator manufacturer.
6) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows. Ideally, use spill
absorbent that contains a mild neutralizing agent such as sodium carbonate (soda ash)
inward.
waste.
9) Check the pH of the spill area. If it is greater than pH10, then neutralize with a dilute solution of 5%
citric acid.
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Once the spill has been cleaned up, the area should be free of any alkali fumes or vapors. However, if
odors or irritation is still noted, isolate the area and wait at least 1 hour before reentering.
For a solid alkali or base spill;

c. Lab coat.
d. Half mask air-purifying respirator with N95 or greater protection particulate filter or as
recommended by the MSDS or respirator manufacturer.
3) If necessary, slightly moisten the solid, to minimize dust production. Use water, or if the material is
water reactive, another inert liquid (e.g. ethylene glycol).
waste.
5) Remaining solid alkali or base residue may be neutralized using a dilute solution of 5% citric acid.
Check the pH of the spill area; the final pH should be between pH 6 and pH 10. Use spill absorbent
or spill pillows to absorb the neutralized residue.

Mercury Spills
Elemental mercury and mercury compounds are toxic by inhalation and in some cases, absorption through
the skin. Although mercury evaporates slowly, in areas of poor ventilation the vapor concentration will
increase over time and become a chronic or acute health hazard.
Spills in excess of 30mL are emergencies that require area evacuation and notification of the Facilities
Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-
7894). Communications Control Centre (492-5555). Spills of less than 30mL can be cleaned up by local
case, proceed as follows for a mercury spill;
2) Assemble spill team members and the spill response kit outside the spill area.
3) Don the appropriate personal protective equipment. Depending on the scale of the spill, this can
include:
a. Nitrile gloves.
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b. Safety glasses or splash goggles.

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e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with mercury vapor cartridges.
4) Using a razor blade, scrapper or similar tool, gently push small droplets of mercury together and
remove them using a hand-held mercury aspirator or disposable pipette. Do not use a household
vacuum cleaner since this will disperse mercury vapor throughout the room.
5) Pipette the aspirated mercury into a labeled glass waste container. Shine a flashlight on the surface
to identify small mercury droplets that escape into cracks and crevices.
6) Spread a commercial mercury amalgam mix over the contaminated surface after all visible mercury
droplets have been removed. Sweep up mercury amalgam using a small brush and dispose of it
into a labeled glass waste container. Take care not to break up any mercury droplets. Alternately,
wipe the surface using a mercury absorbent cloth (e.g. Mercon wipes) or suppressant and dispose
of it into a labeled clear, plastic bag.
7) Send all mercury and contaminated material for disposal as hazardous.

Oxidizer Spills
Oxidizing agents can ignite organic solvents and combustible materials. They are also skin and respiratory
irritants. Examples include concentrated hydrogen peroxide, and permanganate, chlorate, nitrate and
dichromate compounds. Spills in excess of 1 litre of liquid or 500 grams of solid oxidizer are
emergencies and require area evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-
8722) and CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) or Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). Spills of less than 1
litre / 500g can be cleaned up by local personnel who are adequately trained and have the proper spill
response equipment available. If this is the case, proceed as follows for a liquid oxidizer spill:
1) If spill is available in the immediate area, dike around the spill (see Step 5 below) if it is safe to do
so. This will prevent the spill from spreading further.
3) Assemble spill team members and the spill response kit outside the spill area. Obtain and read
the MSDS for the substance to determine the hazards associated with it and any special
precautions that will need to be taken.
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e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with cartridges and/or filters as recommended by the
MSDS or respirator manufacturer.
5) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows. Remove or moisten
with water any combustible affected by the spill.
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inward.
waste.
For a solid oxidizer spill:

c. Lab coat.
d. Half mask air-purifying respirator with N95 or greater protection particulate filter or as
recommended by the MSDS or respirator manufacturer.
container (plastic pail with lid or double heavy duty plastic bags). Send them for disposal as
hazardous waste.
4) If there is still oxidizer residue left in the spill area, neutralize with dilute 5% sodium thiosulfate
solution. Use spill absorbent or spill pillows to absorb the neutralized residue.

Highly Toxic Materials Spills
Highly toxic chemicals include those with high acute systemic toxicity, and substances with chronic toxic
effects such as carcinogens, reproductive or developmental (embryotoxins, teratogens) toxins, and
mutagens. Also included in this category are compounds that can easily produce toxic products. For
example, cyanide and sulfide salts produce toxic hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfide, respectively, in
the presence of acids. In general, spills of more than 100mL of liquid or 50g of solid of these
substances are emergencies and require area evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager
Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). Spills
of less than 100mL / 50g can be cleaned up by local personnel who are adequately trained and have the
proper spill response equipment available. These chemicals, however, should always be evaluated on
an individual basis. Proceed as follows for a liquid spill:
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Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894) to have the ventilation shut down to prevent the spread
of vapors.
3) Isolate the spill area and assemble spill team members and the spill response kit outside the spill
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e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with cartridges and / or filters as recommended by the
MSDS or respirator manufacturer.
5) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows
6) Cover the spill area with spill absorbent or spill pillows, starting at the outside and working inward.
waste.
8) Remove any remaining residue using minimal detergent and water. Absorb this wash water using
spill absorbent or spill pillows, and dispose of as hazardous waste as in Step 7 above.
For a solid spill:

c. Lab coat.
d. Half mask air-purifying respirator with N95 or greater protection particulate filters, or
cartridges and/or filters as recommended by the MSDS or respirator manufacturer.
3) Slightly moisten the solid, to prevent the spread of dust. Use water, or if the material is water
reactive, another inert liquid (e.g. ethylene glycol).
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waste.
5) Remove any remaining residue using minimal detergent and water. Absorb this wash water using
spill absorbent or spill pillows, and dispose of as hazardous waste as in Step 4 above.

Low Hazard Material Spills
Low hazard materials are those with no appreciable health hazard when encountered in quantities typical
for University work sites. These include such solid materials as sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and
liquids such as ethylene glycol, oils, and most paints. In general, all spills of these materials may be
cleaned up by local personnel unless there are other mitigating circumstances that require outside
assistance, area evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb
Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). If this is not the case, proceed as follows
for a liquid spill:
2) Move outside the spill area. Obtain and read the MSDS to confirm that the material is of low
hazard and can be cleaned up safely following this procedure.
b. Safety Glasses or Splash goggles.
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4) If not already done, dike around the spill using spill absorbent or spill pillows
5) Cover the spill area with spill absorbent or spill pillows, starting at the outside and working inward.
waste Mop the affected area using detergent and water. Dispose of this water to the sanitary sewer.
For a solid spill:

1) Move outside the spill area. Obtain and read the MSDS to confirm that the material is of low
hazard and can be cleaned up safely following this procedure.
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c. Lab coat.
3) If necessary, use water to lightly moisten the solid, to minimize the spread of dust.
waste.

Air & Water Reactive Material Spills
These materials are particularly hazards, since they will rapidly react with water and/or air to produce
toxic products, and in many cases are also pyrophoric and may spontaneously ignite in the presence of
water and/or air. Typical examples of water and air reactive materials include the alkali metals, metal
hydrides and strong reducing agents such as sodium borohydride. All spills of air & water reactive
materials are emergencies and require area evacuation and notification of the Facilities Manager
Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). If a
spill of a liquid reactive material occurs;
1) Isolate the spill area.
2) If an inert spill absorbent such as dry sand or kitty litter is available in the immediate area, dike
around the spill if it is safe to do so. This will prevent the spill from spreading further.
3) Evacuate the area and, if not already done so, contact the CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety
Director William Roberts (7-7894). Meet emergency responders and provide information on the
nature, extent and exact location of the spill.
For a solid spill:
1) Isolate the spill area.
2) If an inert spill absorbent such as dry sand or kitty litter is immediately available in the area,
immediately smother the spilled material if it is safe to do so. For reactive metals (e.g. sodium,
potassium), a Class D fire extinguisher may be used.
3) Evacuate the area and, if not already done so, contact the CSO Barb Erwin (7-0160) and Safety
Director William Roberts (7-7894). Meet emergency responders and provide information on the
nature, extent and exact location of the spill.

Compressed Gas Leaks
Compressed gas leaks can be roughly divided into two categories. The first are those leaks which occur
away from the cylinder in gas lines, tubing, or apparatus. These, once detected, can generally be stopped
by closing the main cylinder valve. The second are those leaks that occur at the cylinder itself, and that
cannot be stopped by closing the cylinder valve. Similarly, in some cases, it may not be possible to close
a cylinder valve due to age or poor condition of the valve. All leaking gas cylinders are an emergency
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if the leak cannot be stopped by closing the cylinder valve. Leaks of oxygen, flammable gas, or toxic
gas are especially dangerous. The following procedure should be followed:
1) If a leak is suspected, perform a leak test with a commercial leak detection solution or a non-
reactive, detergent solution. If the leak is detected or is obvious, proceed to Step 2.
2) If the leak cannot be stopped by closing the cylinder valve, and it is an inert atmospheric gas
(e.g. nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc) clear the affected area and/or floor. If the leak is of a
flammable, toxic, or corrosive gas and is outside of a ventilated enclosure that will contain the
gas, immediately activate the building fire alarm system and evacuate the building.
3) If not already done so, contact the Facilities Manager Ranjith Silva (7-8722), CSO Barb Erwin
(7-0160) and Safety Director William Roberts (7-7894). Meet emergency responders and
provide information on the nature, extent and exact location of the leak.
6. Reporting Chemical Spill Incidents

All chemical spills and gas releases must be reported in writing to the CSO. The report should include the
date, time, location, description of the spill (e.g. type and quantity), personnel injuries or exposures,
equipment damage, escape of material (e.g. into sewers or bodies of water), witnesses, and persons
involved in supervision and clean-up of the spill. Use the Keck Graduate Institute Incident/Near Miss
Report Form (see CSO for the form). The report should be submitted to the CSO within 72 hours of the
spill occurring regardless of how minor it might seem. The purpose of this reporting procedure is not
to place blame, but to identify measures that may prevent similar incident.
Appendix A: Chemical Spill Kits

Spills kits can be assembled from individual parts or suitable spill kits may be purchased from most
chemical or safety supply companies. If you do chose to purchase a commercial kit, however, ensure that
it contains all the necessary items as listed below. In addition, note that most commercial spill kits and the
lists below are generic; it is important that spill kits be tailored to meet the specific spill control needs of
each lab, work area, or department.
1) Small Chemical Spill Kit

A small chemical spill kit should be available in each lab or work area that uses chemicals. It can be used for
immediate response to most spills, and to clean up small, low hazard spills that may occur and do not require
specialized personnel protective equipment or spill control supplies. Although most small spill kit components are
common items found throughout the lab, there must be a consolidated spill kit for emergency use. Keck Graduate
Institute has placed a small chemical spill kit in each laboratory that works with chemicals. As items are depleted it is
the responsibility of each PI to replace the items, the kit will be checked periodically by the CSO to ensure that proper
spill kit materials are maintained.
2) Large / Building Chemical Spill Kit

KGI has one large Chemical Spill Kit per buildings 517 and 535. The spill kits contain PPE and spill
cleanup supplies to compliment the smaller worksite kits, and as backup supplies for outside responders.
3) Mercury Spill Kit

All areas that work with elemental mercury or mercury containing equipment (e.g. thermometers)
must have a mercury spill kit available. The following list includes only those items specific to cleaning
up a mercury spill, and must be used in conjunction with other items from a large / departmental spill
kit.
• Mercury clean-up supplies (ex: Merconwipes™, Merconvap™, amalgamating powder, etc)
• Mercury aspirator, disposable pipettes & bulbs, or similar equipment.
• Razor blades or scrapers.
• Plastic, zip-lock bags, flashlight and Mercury Vapor Respirator Cartridges
19
Appendix B: Keck Graduate Institute Chemical Spill Response Flowchart.
Spill Occurs
Keck Graduate Institute
Warn Others Chemical Spill Response
Persons Injured? Yes First-Aid Trained? No
No Yes
Person Contaminated? Yes Render Assistance
No
Trained Responder? No
Yes
Assess Risk High or Unknown
Low or Moderate
PPE and Spill Kit Available? No Isolate spill Area
Yes
Emergency
Responders
Contact: CSO Barb Erwin
Commence Clean-up Notified (7-0160) and Safety Director
William Roberts (7-7894).

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1

Chemical Spill Response Guideline

2. Roles & Responsibilities 3

4. Spill Response Preparation 6

6. Reporting Chemical Incidents 18

Appendix A: Chemical Spill Kits 18

Appendix B: Keck Graduate Institute Chemical Spill Response Flowchart 19

2. Roles and Responsibilities

• Implement measures to prevent potential spills of hazardous materials.

2.2. The Worker

2.3. The Supervisor or Principal Investigator

2.4. The Chemical Spill Team and Team Captain

• Ensure that lighting and ventilation is adequate is the storage area.

• Purchase solvents in containers with a plastic safety coating.

DOT's Office of Hazardous Materials Safety: (800) 467-4922

3.4. Handling & Use

• In laboratories, work in a fume hood whenever possible.

• When setting up and working with laboratory apparatus:

o Inspect laboratory glassware for cracks or defects before using it.

• Do not mix incompatible wastes together to avoid uncontrolled chemical reactions.

4. Spill Response Preparation

4.2. Hazard Information

5. Spill Response Guides

Spill Response Guide No. 2:

2) Isolate & evacuate the spill area.

e. Half mask air-purifying respirator with acid gas or combination cartridges, or as

For a solid acid spill;

7) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

Spill Response Guide No. 4:

2) Isolate and evacuate the spill area.

For a solid alkali or base spill;

7) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

Spill Response Guide No. 5:

1) Isolate and evacuate the spill area.

b. Safety glasses or splash goggles.

7) Send all mercury and contaminated material for disposal as hazardous.

8) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

Spill Response Guide No. 6:

2) Isolate and evacuate the spill area.

9) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

For a solid oxidizer spill:

6) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

Spill Response Guide No. 7:

For a solid spill:

7) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

Spill Response Guide No. 8:

7) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

For a solid spill:

6) Remove and bag personal protective equipment for cleaning or disposal.

Spill Response Guide No. 9:

1) Isolate the spill area.

For a solid spill:

1) Isolate the spill area.

Spill Response Guide No. 10:

6. Reporting Chemical Spill Incidents

Appendix A: Chemical Spill Kits

1) Small Chemical Spill Kit

2) Large / Building Chemical Spill Kit

3) Mercury Spill Kit

Appendix B: Keck Graduate Institute Chemical Spill Response Flowchart.