Novateur Publication’s

International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017

THE NOVEL DESIGN OF THREE PHASE AUTOTRANSFORMER

MR.SURAJ DIPAK BANKAR

MR.KULDEEP KALYAN DHAVAN

MR.VITTHAL BALASAHEB BADALE

(BE Electircal ,S.B.Patil College of Engineering ,Indapur)

PROF. M. S. SHINDE
Dept. Electrical Engg. atil College of Engineering, Indapur

ABSTRACT II. LITERATURE REVIEW

The development of three phase auto transformer Karnath, Girish R: has presented the design and analysis
meet with some issues as by changing the of a novel autotransformer. The autotransformer is
conventional design we can reduce the costing as utilized for the application of AC-DC converter for
well as performance can be improved. This paper induction motor drives. The aim of this research work
proposes a novel design of linear three phase auto was to achieve the improved power quality. In the
transformer in which the design details and its design of an autotransformer, authors have used two
performance is compared with conventional three single phase transformers.
phase toroidal core autotransformer. During study it
is found that, there is a huge scope for modifications
in autotransformers. At the end of paper its
hardware design and performance analysis is
conducted.
KEYWORDS: Linear Transformer; Autotransformer;
Linear Autotransformer.

I. INTRODUCTION Figure 1: Proposed autotransformer model

Conventionally in autotransformer manufacturing
widely toroidal core is used and due to the lack of This transformer is used to feed the 18 pulse rectifier.
residual gap in magnetic path it is having higher inrush Authors have carried out the analysis of the rectifier
current. Also it requires expensive machinery for over all the parameters in mathematical design. This
winding purpose and skilled labor to manufacture it provides more flexibility over diode rectifiers. The
ultimately increasing the cost of manufacturing as it is implemented model h a s given more efficiency and
required to pass the entire length of coil winding lower harmonic distortion over convention rectifier [1].
through the aperture every time a single turn is Singh, Bhim: has developed a novel autotransformer.
integrated to the coil. Authors have claimed it as first T-shaped
As a consequence, toroidal transformers rated more autotransformer. This transformer was used by the
than a few kVA are unconventional. Diminutive authors to feed the 12- pulse rectifier circuit.
distribution transformers may achieve some of the
benefits of a toroidal core by splitting it and coercing it
open, then inserting a bobbin containing primary and
secondary windings. In this project by utilizing U-I
lamination we are going to design linear
autotransformer to amend the cooling, to reduce labor
cost and withal to reduce inrush current. So that cost of
transformer will additionally get reduced and in case of
damage it can facilely rehabilitated.
Figure 2: Proposed T-Connected autotransformer model

Organized by Department of Electrical Engineering

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 Novateur Publication’s
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
Fig.2 above shows the T- Connected autotransformer Where,
model, using two single phase transformers. This
proposed design gives requires less space, volume and VA =Volt ampere (6)
weight [2]. η = Efficiency and its value is to be considered in
Høidalen, Hans K: have proposed the novel transformer between 80 to 96%
model, where two or three phase autotransformer Calculate area of conductor
windings can be used. Authors have used ATP Draw
environment to implement the model. A= I/δp mm2 (7)
Gusev, A. S.: has proposed and implemented the
universal mathematical model. In this model power and Where,
autotransformers are combined and a new model is
developed. The model is tested and found more reliable δp – Current density of copper winding conductor in
than the other hybrid models [4]. A/mm2 value is generally taken as 2.3 A/mm2
Arturi, C. M: has proposed the highly saturated
autotransformer model. This model is more effective in Number of primary turns
power system during the transient state. Authors have
proposed a five limb core autotransformer. Authors T = Primary voltage* Turns/volts (8)
have used the ATP environment for development of the
said model [5]. T = Vp*Te (9)

III. DESIGN STEP FOR LINEAR AUTOTRANSFORMER Window space required

The design steps of Three Phase Linear Auto = (Tp*A ) mm2 (10)
Transformer are as follows:
Design of Core Core is heart of any transformer as it play Calculation of core dimension
important role to provide low reluctive path to linkage
of flux Height of Winding
The kVA rating can be calculated as,
H= (turns/layer) * Diameter of conductor(11)
kVA= (Vs*Is)*10^-3 (1) Width of winding
W= number of layer * diameter of conductor (12)
From kVA rating cross sectional area of core in square
inch is given by, TABLE 1: List of Parameter For Initial Model
Sr. No Specifications Value
Ai = {(kVA*10^-3)^1/2}/5.6 (2)
1 Output-kVA 1
The core area then converted in to square mater to get
V1=440
turns/volts, (Here value of maximum flux density Bm is
considered as 1Wb/square meter) Voltage-V1/V2
V2=470
2

Te = 1/ 4.44*f* Φm (3) 3 Frequency-f in Hz 50 Hz

Width of central limb 4 Number of phases 3 Phase

Wd= (Ai)1/2 (4) 5 Cooling Natural

6 Type – Core or shell Core

Design of winding
7 Winding Material Copper

Calculate current in winding 8 Insulation Level F Class

Efficiency 0.9
I= VA/Vp*η (5) 9

Organized by Department of Electrical Engineering

Savitribai Phule Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur

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 Novateur Publication’s
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
IV. OVERALL DIMENSION OF CORE Generally autotransformers are suitable for step down
applications, the proposed system found suitable for the
same.

Figure: 3 Core lamination overall dimension

TABLE II: CORE LAMINATION DIMENSION

A B C D
150 50 25 25
Figure 4: 3 phase, Linear Autotransformer (Side View)
130 50 25 65

90 50 25 25

TABLEIII: DESIGN SPECIFICATION

Specification
kVA rating 1
Secondary Voltage 4
7
0

Secondary Current 1 Figure 5: 3 phase, Linear Autotransformer (Top View)

.
3
VI. INITIAL MODEL
Gauge of conductor 2 A. CORE ASSEMBLY
0 For better performance of autotransformer core
material is used having grade of 50C530 with coating
Number of turns 4 C6A. The CRNO material used has the watt losses of 4.09
2
0
watt/kg. The assembly of core is as shown in fig. 6

Core area 2750*10^-6

Window height 2
6
0
Window width 2
0

V. NOVEL CONCEPT OF LINEAR AUTOTRANSFORMER

There is the opportunity for developing as design of the Figure 6: Core assembly of linear Autotransformer
autotransformer with the arrangement of linear motion.
Generally, the autotransformer has circular core. Here B. WINDING
we are developing the autotransformer with the novel For winding Bakelite former is covered with 5 mil craft
approach. The aim of this development is to reduce the paper to provide proper insulation. The copper used is
losses present in the autotransformer by means of of double coated super enameled having F class to give
reduction in magnetizing current. better temperature withstands capacity. The assembly is
The fig. 4, and fig. 5; below shows the side and top views as shown in fig. 7 below. The Bakelite bobbin provides
of proposed three phase autotransformer. A slider with better mechanical strength as well as guide to brushes.
brushes is provided with the arrangement of linear
motion which can vary the supply as per requirement.

Organized by Department of Electrical Engineering

Savitribai Phule Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur

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 Novateur Publication’s
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
Figure 7: Copper winding on Bakelite bobbin VIII. RESULTS
RESULTS
Parameter Autotransformer Linear Autotransformer
kVA rating 1 1
Input voltage 440 440
Output voltage 470 470
Insulation class F F
Number of turns 340 280
Volts per turn 1.451 1.3157
Regulation 1.14 0.22
C. BRUSH AND SLIDING MECHANISM Efficiency 91 95
To collect the current rectangular carbon brushes are
used having very less contact area to provide precise
CONCLUSION
variation in output voltage. With the help of sliding
In this paper, by using linear autotransformer less
mechanism shown in fig. 8 required output is provided
expensive and efficient model can be achieved which
will leads to improve the efficiency and overall cost of
manufacturing and process of manufacturing .
In short it is less expensive and more feasible solution
against the autotransformer. In future scope current
collection method can be improved by using splitting
method to reduce heating at brush

REFERENCES
Figure 8: Brush holder and sliding mechanism 1) Karnath, Girish R., David Benson, and Richard
Wood. "A novel autotransformer based 18-pulse
VII. TESTING OF LINEAR AUTOTRANSFORMER rectifier circuit." Applied Power Electronics
The experimental set up of linear auto transformer is as Conference and Exposition, 2002. APEC 2002.
shown fig. 9 and fig.10 below. Two wattmeter methods Seventeenth Annual IEEE. Vol. 2. IEEE, 2002.
is used to measure the power in linear autotransformer. 2) Gusev, A. S., I. L. Plodistiy, and S. V. Svechkarev.
"Universal mathematical model of power three-
phase transformers and autotransformers."
Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. 2007.
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inductance model for Autotransformer transient
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4) H. W. Dommel and et.al., Electromagnetic
Figure 9: Testing of three phase autotransformer Transients Program Reference Manual (EMTP
Theory Book), Portland, OR: Prepared for BPA, Aug.
1986.
5) J. J. Graininger and W. D. Stevenson: Power System
Analysis, McGrawHill 1994.
6) A. Greenwood: Electrical Transients in Power
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7) F. deLeon, A. Semlyen, “Time domain modeling of
eddy current effects for transformer transients”,
IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 8, no. 1,
Figure 10: Testing of three phase linear autotransformer

Organized by Department of Electrical Engineering

Savitribai Phule Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s, SKN Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pandharpur

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