CHAPTER 1

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Statement of the problems:
In many institution this is very difficult to maintain student data. Due to this reason this is
very difficult to check information about any students.
Using manual system to manage students which are records all information and in the
book or paper was causing the job of the teachers becomes more and troublesome. The
data have a possibility missing or destroy when it happen any accident. While now already
have the college use the computer to manage the student information.

1.2 Aim of the project:

Student information can be used by education institutes to maintain the records of student
easily, but the institution find to keep details of so many students. It will involve lot of pen
paper work.so one can find difficulty in that.to overcome this problem.

Student information system is a web application for educational institutes to manage

student data. The main purpose of Student information system is to replace the existing
system.so that student data information can be stored for longer period of time.

Generally a Student Information System is about maintaining the student records which is
used by the college management to search any details of students. It helps to find students
easily.

We have developed Student Information System to provide student details in quite and
easy manner to the particular department. So, we called it a student information system
which is via the student and faculty. By using this technology we can fill the student details
through online compare to the existing system.

Student information can be used by education institutes to maintain the records of

student easily, But the institution find it difficult to keep details of so many students. It
will involve lot of pen paper work.so one can find difficulty in that. To overcome this
problem.

Student information system is a web based application for Educational institutes to

manage student data. The main purpose of Student information system is to replace the
existing system.so that student data information can be stored for longer period of time.

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1.3 Scope of the project:

 The Student Information System(SIS) can be enhanced to include

some other functionality like details,marks management.
 Social networking can also be added wherein students can interact
with each other.
 Online class functionality can be added.

 Can evolve as an online institution.

 Functionality of chat and messages can be added.

1.3.1 Problems in the Existing System:
In Existing system the students fill the details manual process and then admin will fill the
details in online. Here the admin may commit mistakes.
Paper based form involves lot of intensive work, where the students fill the details in paper.
It involves pen and paper work. Then the admin will fill, here the information may
mislead.

 Sometimes the information may mislead

 Redundant of information.
 It’s a time consuming process.
 It needs manual calculations.
 It takes Lot of paperwork.

1.3.2 Proposed System:

In the proposed system we have student information details through online .Once the
students need to register in this website .Then the student details are available. In this
student information system student involvement is there, student can edit his details.
Admin will be looking after these student details.
Advantages of Proposed System-
1. Its take less time.
2. Easily we can search students in online.
3. Manage many of students with efficiency and effectiveness using student information
system.
4. It is User friendly.

2
 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY:
1. The system has come up with many functionalities for educational institutions to track the
student progress and managing attendance. It helps both student and guardian to keep track
of student progress without visiting to the college. It also notifies student and guardian
during the time of important events which are happening in institution. One more feature
is guardian get alerted whenever student get failed in the exam or student not able to meet
the expected attendance average. Student Information Report System (SIRS) is
application software and which has intention to begin a conductive and direct interchanging
the statistics in a secure platform to coalesce with students, faculties, parents and the
college/school administration. The student information has the particulars (like register
number sem, date-of-birth, sex, parent phone number, address, parent name, etc.) invade
to the system by the faculties. All these particulars is stored in the database. SIRS
application is trouble free to use in schools, colleges, universities, and any other
educational institutions. It can be customized as per the need. It can be used in private and
government educational institutions also. SIRS application is an internet based application
we can login to the system from anywhere irrespective of geographical area it will give
seamless navigation.
2. The project provides the particulars to carry out the performance, management and
decision-making functions of enterprises or organizations. Enormous grow of students is
caused to expand the functionality in the respective educational institutions. As student
added to the educational system it is difficult to manage and track student details. To
overcome difficulties we come up with this new approach student information management
system with additional features. This new approach will provide fast processing, efficient
student tracking, and produces desired result. This approach will allow students to save
their personal details. It is more secure, reliable and easy to use.
3. Attendance is part of any system to keep track of the particular person. It is mandatory
process in educational system which directly reflects the student progress. In educational
institutes attendance management is normally a manual process. There is enormous grow
in the software industry which has privileged colleges to maintain the attendance system
by using gadgets which is the best way. As we are using the smart phones we not require
maintaining attendance register. It can be easily done in mobile application. Faculty will
be going to take the attendance when class gets started. They will initially login to the
system through mobile application. Once attendance has been taken successfully for the

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 class it will sent to sever through GPRS. The faculties can also do the necessary functions
like registering new students, deleting the information about a particular student,
modifying the information regarding the student etc. The main intention of this process is
to reduce the risk of manual efforts. It also reduces the time consumption. Also we want to
give importance to reduce the paper wastage that daily happens.
4. The model utilizes computer aided system. The model plays main role in an institution or
in the college management. Initially, the system has developed with four layers based on
the hierarchy such as Web display layer where application is deployed and displayed for
end users. Business logic layer responsible for handling the functionality of the product.
Data access layer is responsible for viewing the data. Database layer responsible for storing
the student data. In Database layer ER diagram has been designed to provide data
normalization. The process provides complete information about student, faculties and
educational institution. Third thing in this project is to allowing user based on their
categories.
5. The project provides end user to seamless navigation to the application and ease of access.
The model provides information management storing of student academic reports. This
model consists of various functionalities like information about the courses available in the
college starting from first grade to graduation. It also enables students to enroll to particular
course through online, online fees payment, examination results, and also get notified when
important events occur. All data stored and retrieved through the application is secure. So
to achieve this we have developed a powerful web based secured interface application
which supports all type of request which are coming from the students also which gathers
and corrects all student information. To achieve this we have used similarity (Euclidean
distance) algorithm. The results showed that the new information gathered by the SDS has
the ability to fill the requirement and done the error correction in the traditional model.
6. The project will explains how it is playing an important role in the education domain. This
system is provides seamless access through the web based application to access and
manage different department or all over the organization. This system is used to mainly
monitor the attendance for the university. Students are provided access to login to
application and view the progress report and attendance report. This system is developed
for an engineering college it will provide end users to maintain their data with minimum
effort. Initially faculties/students get registered with the system once they finish
registration process they can access the system as well as they are able to do the changes
in the data. As per the requirement users has been granted with certain level permission to
manage and track the student information. Either student or faculty can upload and copy
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the statistics from the database. Since it is a web based application which is accessible from
any part of the world it has certain features like accessibility, easy to use. IOT, easy to
manage etc. It is developed to suite the current environment which is rapidly growing in
the student domain.

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 CHAPTER -3
3. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
3.1 DEFINE THE MODULES AND THEIR FUNCTIONALITIES
1. Admin module
 Admin-Administrator is one who manages the Student Information System.
 Admin can view all the registered Student details and Faculty details.
 Admin acts as mediator between Student and management.
 Whenever management wants to pass any information to students admin will
passes a messages to their contacts.
 Admin can edit /update the student and faculty details.
 Admin can view the faculty details who are registered.
 Admin can add and view Student marks.

2. Faculty module
 Faculty can view the student details.
 Faculty will update the Student results Subject wise.
 If they want any information he/she will pass the information through
messages.
 Faculty can also edit/delete the Student details.
 Faculty can add and view results of students.

3. Student Module
 Student should register their details through online.
 Student can have their own username and passwords to login into website.
 Student can change their passwords.
 Student can view their own details only.

3.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

System requirements are the configuration that a system must have in order for a
hardware or software application to run smoothly and efficiently. Failure to meet
these requirements can result in installation problems or performance problems.
The former may prevent a device or application from getting installed, whereas the
latter may cause a product to malfunction or perform below expectation or even to
hang or crash.

6
3.2.1 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
 The system can be accesses as anywhere and anytime.
 It will be ensure that the information may not be scattered
 The administrator will be given more powers (edit / update / delete)
than other users.
 Students can view their details
 Faculty can view and update the details of students.

3.2.1.1 Hardware Requirements:

 Intel Pentium IV processor or equivalent or higher

 512MB Ram or more

 Hard Disk : More than 50GB

 Network Connectivity

3.2.1.2 Software Requirements:

 PHP 5.0
 APACHE HTTP Server
 Front End: PHP,HTML,CSS,JAVA SCRIPT
 Database : MYSQL server
 Microsoft Windows or Linux

3.2.2 Non Functional Requirements

 Robustness-This project as the ability to withstand or overcome adverse

conditions.

 Portability- This Software as ability to work on any platform.

 It has the ability to transform from one system to other system

 Adaptation – this project can adapt to any hardware requirement and on

any operating systems.

 Performance Requirements: The proposed system that we are going to

develop will be used as the Chief performance system for providing help
to the organization in managing the whole database of the student
studying in the organization. Therefore, it is expected that the database
would perform functionally all the requirements that are specified.
7
 Safety Requirements: The database may get crashed at any certain time
due to virus or operating system failure. Therefore, it is required to take
the database backup.

 Security Requirements: We are going to develop a secured database.

There are different categories of users namely Administrator. Student
who will be viewing either all or some specific information form the
database. Depending upon the category of user the access rights are
decided. It means if the user is an administrator then he can be able to
modify the data, append etc. All other users only have the rights to
retrieve the information about database.

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 CHAPTER 4
4. SYSTEM DESIGN
The overall system design objective is to provide an efficient, modular design that will reduce
the system’s complexity, facilitate change and result in an easy implementation. This will be
accomplished by designing strongly cohesion system with minimal coupling. In addition, this
document will provide interface design models that are consistent user friendly and will
provide straight forward transition through the various system functions.
4.1 SYSTEM ARCHTECTURE
The SIS is a system which contain major part which include: student Detail, Student
image and their results. The user selects one of the available options as an input to the
system. According to the input by the user the system acts and the rest of the functions
are performed accordingly. The administrator can operate on any student details. But the
normal student or users can only access their details of all the functionalities.

.Faculty
. Student

Admin
•Login
•View
•update
Faculty •Enter details
•Logout
Database

Student
•Login
•View
•Change
password
•Logout

Fig – System architecture for student information system

4.2 INTRODUCTION TO UML

Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a general purpose modelling language. The main
aim of UML is define a standard way to visualize the way a system has been designed. It is
quite similar to blueprints used in other fields of engineering.

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 UML is not a programming language, it is rather a visual language. We use UML diagrams
to portray the behaviour and structure of a system. UML helps software engineers,
businessmen and system architects with modelling, design and analysis. The Object
Management Group (OMG) adopted Unified Modelling Language as a standard in 1997. It’s
been managed by OMG ever since. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
published UML as an approved standard in 2005. UML has been revised over the years and
is reviewed periodically.

4.3 UML DIAGRAM

4.3.1 Use-case diagram

A use case illustrates a unit of functionality provided by the system. The main purpose of
the use-case diagram is to help development teams visualize the functional requirements of
a system, including the relationship of "actors" (human beings who will interact with the
system) to essential processes, as well as the relationships among different use cases. Use-
case diagrams generally show groups of use cases — either all use cases for the complete
system, or a breakout of a particular group of use cases with related functionality.

4.3.1.1 Use-case for Admin

System
Login

Branch

Student

Admin View

Update info

Delete/Edit

Logout

Fig – Use case diagram for Admin

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4.3.1.2 Use-case for student

System

Register

Login

View details
Student

Change password

Logout

Fig – Use case Diagram for Student

4.3.1.3 use-case for faculty

System
Register

Login

Branch

Faculty
Student details

View

Update info

Logout

Fig – Use case Diagram for Faculty

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4.3.2 Class Diagram

The class diagram shows how the different entities (people, things, and data) relate to each
other; in other words, it shows the static structures of the system. A class diagram can be
used to display logical classes, which are typically the kinds of things the business people in
an organization talk about — rock bands, CDs, radio play; or loans, home mortgages, car
loans, and interest rates. Class diagrams can also be used to show implementation classes,
which are the things that programmers typically deal with.

admin

+username: string
student register +pwd: string
+id: string +create()
+name: string +edit()
+pwd: string +delete()
+branch: string +view()
+view()
login
+username: string
+pwd: string

+view()

faculty
+username: string
+pwd: string

+view()

Fig – Class Diagram

4.3.3 Sequence Diagram

Sequence diagrams show a detailed flow for a specific use case or even just part of a
specific use case. They are almost self explanatory; they show the calls between the
different objects in their sequence and can show, at a detailed level, different calls to
different objects.

A sequence diagram has two dimensions: The vertical dimension shows the sequence of
messages/calls in the time order that they occur; the horizontal dimension shows the object
instances to which the messages are sent.

4.3.3.1 Sequence Diagram for Admin

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 Admin Login Update information search view logout

1 : login()

2 : enter details()

3 : wrong details()

4 : search details()

5 : view details()

6 : logout()

7 : logout success()

Fig – Sequence diagram for Admin

4.3.3.2 Sequence Diagram for Student

student login view change password logout

1 : register()

2 : login()

3 : validate()

4 : view details()

5 : response()

6 : change pwd()

7 : submit()
8 : confirmation()

9 : logout()

10 : sucess()

Fig – Sequence diagram for Student

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4.4 Dataflow Diagram
A Data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the flow of student information
system. A data flow diagram can also be used for the visualization of data processing. It is
common practice for a designer to draw a context level DFD first which shows the interaction
between the system and outside entities.
A data flow diagram is a graphical view of how data is processed in a system in terms of input
and output. It contains some system for drawing data flow diagram.
From above DFD, it is clear that in between we have the SIS and are entities like students,
Faculty and Administration and marks. The student will registered in registration process and
then they can view their details. Faculty also registered their details and they can update and
view the marks of students. The admin will manage the student information system.

Figure: DFD for Student Information System

4.5 ER Diagram:

Entity-relationship (ER) diagram, a graphical representation of entities and their

relationships to each other, typically used in computing in regard to the organization of data
within databases or information systems. An entity is a piece of data-an object or concept
about which data is stored.

A relationship is how the data is shared between entities.

There are three types of relationships between entities:

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 1. One to One

2. One to Many

3. Many to One

Different books and design tools use different formats, symbols, and notations to describe
database design.

Relations are the bonds between entities. They tell about certain rules that apply if you want
to insert, update or delete occurrences (rows) from what later becomes a table. Relations also
tell us much about the logic connections between entities. In the physical design of the
database, relationships become constraints that govern how you are allowed to manipulate
data in different tables. The relationships are there to enforce referential integrity.. In my
diagrams, capitalized words (such as Student) identify entities.

Fig- ER diagram
4.6 DATABASE DESIGN
The database design involves the creating of tables where each table deals a particular set of
information and each table contains columns where each column is a field name the data is
inserted into the column. The database used in the making of this student web portal is oracle
MySQL. There are a total of 2 tables for semester marks and 1 table each for faculty, and
student details in the database. The web portal takes information by accessing the database
the database is provided with commit, roll back and run options to make changes in the data.

15
There are primary key fields that uniquely identify a record in a table. There are also fields
that contain primary key from another table called foreign keys.

Fig-Student information database

The above we show the database design for student information system in that we have 6
tables that are admin, members, view, branch, subject and marks. These tables having
different fields that are explain in chapter-5, 5.4 tables.

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 CHAPTER – 5
5. IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation is one of the most important tasks in project is the phase in which one has to
be cautions because all the efforts undertaken during the project will be very interactive.
Implementation is the most crucial stage in achieving successful system and giving the users
confidence that the new system is workable and effective. Each program is tested individually
at the time of development using the sample data and has verified that these programs link
together in the way specified in the program specification. The computer system and its
environment are tested to the satisfaction of the user.
Implementation is one of the most important tasks in project is the phase in which one has to
be cautions because all the efforts undertaken during the project will be very interactive.
Implementation is the most crucial stage in achieving successful system and giving the users
confidence that the new system is workable and effective. Each program is tested individually
at the time of development using the sample data and has verified that these programs link
together in the way specified in the program specification. The computer system and its
environment are tested to the satisfaction of the user.

5.1 TECHNOLOGIES USED

1. Client side:
 HTML
 Java Script
 CSS
2. Server Side
 PHP
3. Database
 MYSQL

HTML:
- HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used
language to write Web Pages.

- Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked
together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.

17
- As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML
to simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to
structure it to display.

- Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of
documents like headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of
scientific information between researchers.

- Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags
available in HTML language.

- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for

creating web pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
and JavaScript, it forms a triad of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web
- Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage
and render the documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure
of a web page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the
document.
- HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML
constructs, images and other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into
the rendered page. HTML provides a means to create structured documents by
denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes
and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags, written using angle brackets.
Tags such as <img /> and <input /> directly introduce content into the page. Other
tags such as <p> surround and provide information about document text and may
include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use
them to interpret the content of the page.
- HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as JavaScript, which
affects the behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS defines the look and
layout of content. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), maintainer of both the
HTML and the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit
presentational HTML

JAVASCIPRT:
JavaScript is a dynamic computer programming language. It is lightweight and most
commonly used as a part of web pages, whose implementations allow client-side script

18
to interact with the user and make dynamic pages. It is an interpreted programming
language with object-oriented capabilities.
JavaScript was first known as LiveScript, but Netscape changed its name to JavaScript,
possibly because of the excitement being generated by Java. JavaScript made its first
appearance in Netscape 2.0 in 1995 with the name LiveScript. The general-purpose core
of the language has been embedded in Netscape, Internet Explorer, and other web
browsers.
 JavaScript is a lightweight, interpreted programming language.
 Designed for creating network-centric applications.
 Complementary to and integrated with Java.
 Complementary to and integrated with HTML.
 Open and cross-platform

1. Client-Side JavaScript
Client-side JavaScript is the most common form of the language. The script should be
included in or referenced by an HTML document for the code to be interpreted by the
browser.
It means that a web page need not be a static HTML, but can include programs that
interact with the user, control the browser, and dynamically create HTML content.
The JavaScript client-side mechanism provides many advantages over traditional CGI
server-side scripts. For example, you might use JavaScript to check if the user has entered
a valid e-mail address in a form field.
The JavaScript code is executed when the user submits the form, and only if all the entries
are valid, they would be submitted to the Web Server.
JavaScript can be used to trap user-initiated events such as button clicks, link navigation,
and other actions that the user initiates explicitly or implicitly.
2. Advantages of JavaScript
The merits of using JavaScript are −
 Less server interaction − You can validate user input before sending the page off to
the server. This saves server traffic, which means less load on your server.
 Immediate feedback to the visitors − They don't have to wait for a page reload to
see if they have forgotten to enter something.
 Increased interactivity − You can create interfaces that react when the user hovers
over them with a mouse or activates them via the keyboard.

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 Richer interfaces − You can use JavaScript to include such items as drag-and-drop
components and sliders to give a Rich Interface to your site visitors.

CSS:

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing
the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML.[1] CSS is a
cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript.[2]

CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content,

including layout, colors, and fonts.[3] This separation can improve content accessibility,
provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics,
enable multiple web pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a
separate .css file, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content.

Separation of formatting and content also makes it feasible to present the same markup
page in different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by
voice (via speech-based browser or screen reader), and on Braille-based tactile devices.
CSS also has rules for alternate formatting if the content is accessed on a mobile device.[4]

The name cascading comes from the specified priority scheme to determine which style
rule applies if more than one rule matches a particular element. This cascading priority
scheme is predictable.

Cascading Style Sheets, fondly referred to as CSS, is a simple design language intended
to simplify the process of making web pages presentable.
CSS handles the look and feel part of a web page. Using CSS, you can control the color
of the text, the style of fonts, the spacing between paragraphs, how columns are sized and
laid out, what background images or colors are used, layout designs, variations in display
for different devices and screen sizes as well as a variety of other effects.
CSS is easy to learn and understand but it provides powerful control over the presentation
of an HTML document. Most commonly, CSS is combined with the markup languages
HTML or XHTML.
3. Advantages of CSS
 CSS saves time − You can write CSS once and then reuse same sheet in multiple
HTML pages. You can define a style for each HTML element and apply it to as many
Web pages as you want.

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 Pages load faster − If you are using CSS, you do not need to write HTML tag
attributes every time. Just write one CSS rule of a tag and apply it to all the
occurrences of that tag. So less code means faster download times.
 Easy maintenance − To make a global change, simply change the style, and all
elements in all the web pages will be updated automatically.
 Superior styles to HTML − CSS has a much wider array of attributes than HTML,
so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in comparison to HTML
attributes.
 Multiple Device Compatibility − Style sheets allow content to be optimized for more
than one type of device. By using the same HTML document, different versions of a
website can be presented for handheld devices such as PDAs and cell phones or for
printing.
 Global web standards − Now HTML attributes are being deprecated and it is being
recommended to use CSS. So its a good idea to start using CSS in all the HTML pages
to make them compatible to future browsers.

PHP:
PHP started out as a small open source project that evolved as more and more people
found out how useful it was. Rasmus Lerdorf unleashed the first version of PHP way back
in 1994.
 PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor".
 PHP is a server side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to
manage dynamic content, databases, session tracking, even build entire e-commerce
sites.
 It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL,
Oracle, Sybase, Informix, and Microsoft SQL Server.
 PHP is pleasingly zippy in its execution, especially when compiled as an Apache
module on the Unix side. The MySQL server, once started, executes even very
complex queries with huge result sets in record-setting time.
 PHP supports a large number of major protocols such as POP3, IMAP, and LDAP.
PHP4 added support for Java and distributed object architectures (COM and
CORBA), making n-tier development a possibility for the first time.
 PHP is forgiving: PHP language tries to be as forgiving as possible.
 PHP Syntax is C-Like.

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4. Common uses of PHP
 PHP performs system functions, i.e. from files on a system it can create, open, read,
write, and close them.
 PHP can handle forms, i.e. gather data from files, save data to a file, through email
you can send data, return data to the user.
 You add, delete, modify elements within your database through PHP.
 Access cookies variables and set cookies.
 Using PHP, you can restrict users to access some pages of your website.
 It can encrypt data.

5. Characteristics of PHP
Five important characteristics make PHP's practical nature possible −
 Simplicity
 Efficiency
 Security
 Flexibility
 Familiarity

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (or simply PHP) is a general-purpose programming

language originally designed for web development. It was originally created by Rasmus
Lerdorf in 1994; the PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP
Group.[6] PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for
the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.[7]
 PHP code may be executed with a command line interface (CLI), embedded
into HTML code, or it can be used in combination with various web template systems,
web content management systems, and web frameworks. PHP code is usually
processed by a PHP interpreter implemented as a module in a web server or as
a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. The web server combines the results
of the interpreted and executed PHP code, which may be any type of data, including
images, with the generated web page. PHP can be used for many programming tasks
outside of the web context, such as standalone graphical applications and
robotic drone control.

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MYSQL:
MySQL is free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public
License, and is also available under a variety of proprietary licenses. MySQL was owned
and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, which was bought by Sun
Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation). In 2010, when Oracle acquired Sun,
Widenius forked the open-source MySQL project to create Maria DB.
MySQL is a component of the LAMP web application software stack (and others), which
is an acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python. MySQL is used by many
database-driven web applications, including Drupal, Joomla, phpDB, and WordPress.
MySQL is also used by many popular websites, including Google.
A database is a separate application that stores a collection of data. Each database has one
or more distinct APIs for creating, accessing, managing, searching and replicating the
data it holds.
Other kinds of data stores can also be used, such as files on the file system or large hash
tables in memory but data fetching and writing would not be so fast and easy with those
type of systems.
Nowadays, we use relational database management systems (RDBMS) to store and
manage huge volume of data. This is called relational database because all the data is
stored into different tables and relations are established using primary keys or other keys
known as Foreign Keys.
A Relational DataBase Management System (RDBMS) is a software that −
 Enables you to implement a database with tables, columns and indexes.
 Guarantees the Referential Integrity between rows of various tables.
 Updates the indexes automatically.
 Interprets an SQL query and combines information from various tables.

RDBMS Terminology
Before we proceed to explain the MySQL database system, let us revise a few definitions
related to the database.
 Database − A database is a collection of tables, with related data.
 Table − A table is a matrix with data. A table in a database looks like a simple
spreadsheet.
 Column − One column (data element) contains data of one and the same kind, for
example the column postcode.

23
  Row − A row (= tuple, entry or record) is a group of related data, for example the data
of one subscription.
 Redundancy − Storing data twice, redundantly to make the system faster.
 Primary Key − A primary key is unique. A key value can not occur twice in one
table. With a key, you can only find one row.
 Foreign Key − A foreign key is the linking pin between two tables.
 Compound Key − A compound key (composite key) is a key that consists of multiple
columns, because one column is not sufficiently unique.
 Index − An index in a database resembles an index at the back of a book.
 Referential Integrity − Referential Integrity makes sure that a foreign key value
always points to an existing row.

MySQL Database
MySQL is a fast, easy-to-use RDBMS being used for many small and big businesses.
MySQL is developed, marketed and supported by MySQL AB, which is a Swedish
company. MySQL is becoming so popular because of many good reasons −
 MySQL is released under an open-source license. So you have nothing to pay to use
it.
 MySQL is a very powerful program in its own right. It handles a large subset of the
functionality of the most expensive and powerful database packages.
 MySQL uses a standard form of the well-known SQL data language.
 MySQL works on many operating systems and with many languages including PHP,
PERL, C, C++, JAVA, etc.
 MySQL works very quickly and works well even with large data sets.
 MySQL is very friendly to PHP, the most appreciated language for web development.
 MySQL supports large databases, up to 50 million rows or more in a table. The default
file size limit for a table is 4GB, but you can increase this (if your operating system
can handle it) to a theoretical limit of 8 million terabytes (TB).
 MySQL is customizable. The open-source GPL license allows programmers to
modify the MySQL software to fit their own specific environments.

Apache
The Apache HTTP Server is a web server software notable for playing a key role in the
initial growth of the World Wide Web. In 2009 it became the first web server software to

24
surpass the 100 million web site milestone. Apache is developed and maintained by an open
community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation. Since
April 1996 Apache has been the most popular HTTP server software in use. As of November
2010 Apache served over 59.36% of all websites and over 66.56% of the first one million
busiest websites.

XAMPP
XAMPP is a small and light Apache distribution containing the most common web
development technologies in a single package. Its contents, small size, and portability make
it the ideal tool for students developing and testing applications in PHP and MySQL.
XAMPP is available as a free download in two specific packages: full and lite. While the
full package download provides a wide array of development tools, XAMPP Lite contains
the necessary technologies that meet the Ontario Skills Competition standards. The light
version is a small package containing Apache HTTP Server, PHP, MySQL, phpMyAdmin,
Openssl, and SQLite.

Obtaining and Installing XAMPP

As previously mentioned, XAMPP is a free package available for download and use for
various web development tasks. All XAMPP packages and add-ons are distributed through
the Apache Friends website at the address: http://www.apachefriends.org/. Once on the
website, navigate and find the Windows version of XAMPP and download the self-
extracting ZIP archive. After downloading the archive, run and extract its contents into the
root path of a hard disk or USB drive. For example, the extract path for a local Windows
installation would simply be C:\. If extracted properly we will notice a new xampp directory
in the root of your installation disk. In order to test that everything has been installed
correctly, first start the Apache HTTP Server by navigating to the xampp directory and
clicking on the apache_start.bat batch file. Next we will test if the server is running correctly
by opening an internet browser and typing http://localhost/ into the address bar. If configured
correctly, we will be presented with a screen similar to that of the one below.

25
 Fig - XAMPP splash screen.

In order to stop all Apache processes we do not close the running terminal application, but
instead run another batch file in the xampp lite directory called apache_stop.bat.

Creating a Database and Inserting Data

Now that we have run and tested Apache and PHP, the next step is running MySQL and
creating a database and table which will hold information to be used by our website. In order
to start MySQL, navigate to the xampp directory and run the mysql_start.bat batch file. The
XAMPP package contains an application called phpMyAdmin which allows developers to
administer and maintain MySQL databases. We will be using phpMyAdmin to create a
database and table, and enter test data. Before testing phpMyAdmin, make sure that both
Apache and MySQL are running by opening their respective batch files: apache_start.bat
and mysql_start.bat. Along with Apache and MySQL running in the background, we type
http://localhost/phpMyAdmin/ into our web browser. If successful we will be presented with
a phpMyAdmin start page similar to the one shown below.

26
 Fig - PhpMyAdmin start page
The first step with phpMyAdmin running is creating a new database. We create a new
database by directly executing SQL statements as shown below. The successful execution
of the sql query creates a database ‘student’ with two tables in it. The tables are admin_login
and student_information. We also inserted values in the admin table. The screenshot below
shows the successful execution of the query thus creation of a database named student.

27
 Fig - Creation of database in mysql using PhpMyadmin
Thus we have learned to create a database in MYSQL by executing sql statements. After
creating the database and tables we are now ready to use them in our website “Student
Information System”.

5.2 PSEUDO CODE

<?php
session_start();
include("../dbConfig.php");
//error_reporting(0);
$username = $_SESSION['username'];

if(isset($_GET['activity']))
{
$activity=$_GET['activity'];
if($_REQUEST['activity'] == 'logout'){
$username = null;
$username ="";
unset($username);
28
 $_SESSION['username'] = null;
$_SESSION['username'] ="";
unset($_SESSION['username']);

session_destroy();
}

if(empty($username)){
header("location: ../home.php?activity=adminLogin");
}
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="header">
<?php include("../header.php"); ?>
</div>
<div class="userContainer">
<div class="title">Admin Page</div>

<div class="userWelcome">Welcome : <?php echo

$_SESSION['username']; ?></div>

<div class="logout"><a
href="adminPage.php?activity=logout">Logout</a></div>

<div class="userAction">
<ul>

29
 <li><a
href="adminPage.php?activity=adminDashboard">Dashboard</a></li>
<li><a
href="adminPage.php?activity=viewProfile">View Profile</a></li>
<li><a
href="adminPage.php?activity=editProfile">Edit Profile</a></li>
<li><a
href="adminPage.php?activity=viewUsers">View Users</a></li>

<div class="dropdown">
<button class="dropbtn">Branches</button>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<ahref="adminPage.php?activity=faculties_entry">&nbsp;Branch
Entry</a>
<ahref="adminPage.php?activity=view_faculties">&nbsp;View
Branches</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dropdown">
<button class="dropbtn">Subjects</button>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<a href="adminPage.php?activity=subject_entry">&nbsp;Subject Entry</a>
<a href="adminPage.php?activity=view_subjects">&nbsp;View
Subjects</a>
</div>
</div>

<div class="dropdown">
<button class="dropbtn">Marks</button>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<a href="adminPage.php?activity=score_entry">&nbsp;Marks Entry</a>
<a href="adminPage.php?activity=view_scores">&nbsp;View Marks</a>
</div>
</div>
30
 <li><a href="adminPage.php?activity=test_score"
title="Shift+Ctrl+T">&nbsp;Test Score</a></li>

</ul>
</div>

<div class="userContent">
<?php
//ACTIVITY PERFORM...
if(isset($_GET['activity']))
{
$activity=$_GET['activity'];
$activity = $_REQUEST['activity'];

switch ($activity)
{
case 'adminDashboard':
include("adminDashboard.php");
break;

case 'viewProfile':
include("viewProfile.php");
break;

case 'editProfile':
include("editProfile.php");
break;

case 'viewUsers':
include("viewUsers.php");
break;

case 'deleteMember':
31
 include("viewUsers.php");
break;

case 'studentDetails':
include("studentDetails.php");
break;

case 'viewUserProfile':
include("viewUserProfile.php");
break;

case 'subject_entry':
include("Subject_Entry.php");

break;

case 'faculties_entry':
include("Faculties_Entry.php");

break;

case 'score_entry':
include("Score_Entry.php");
break;

case 'test_score':
include("test_Scores .php");
break;

case 'view_subjects':
include("View_Subjects.php");

break;

case 'view_scores':
32
 include("View_Scores.php");
break;

case 'view_faculties':
include("View_Faculties.php");

break;

default:
include("adminDashboard.php");
break;
}
}
?>

if($query1){
//$errorMsg = "Updation is successfully done.";
header("location: adminPage.php?activity=viewProfile");
}
//include("editProfile.php");
}
?>

<?php
if(isset($errorMsg)){
?>
<div class="errorMsg"><?php echo $errorMsg; ?></div>
<?php
}
?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
33
5.3 CODE SNIPPETS
Index.php
<?php
header("location: controller/home.php?activity=dashboard");
?>

Home.php

<?php
session_start();
include("dbConfig.php");
error_reporting(0);
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Online Student Information System</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/home.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/title.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="header">
<?php include("header.php"); ?>
</div>

<div class="navigation">
<?php include("navigation.php"); ?>
</div>

<div class="content">
<?php
//ACTIVITY PERFORM...

34
$activity = $_REQUEST['activity'];

switch ($activity) {

case 'search':
include("search.php");
break;

case 'adminLogin':
include("adminLogin.php ");
break;

case 'studentLogin':
include("studentLogin.php");
break;

case 'facultyLogin':
include("facultyLogin.php");
break;

case 'register':
include("register.php");
break;

case 'dashboard':
include("dashboard.php");
break;

case 'forgetpwd':
include("forgetpwd.php");
break;

default:
# code...
35
 break;
}

?>

<?php
//ADMIN LOGIN...

if(isset($_REQUEST['adminLoginBtn'])){

$username= $_REQUEST['username'];
$pwd= $_REQUEST['pwd'];

if(!empty($username) && !empty($pwd)){

$query = mysql_query("SELECT
id,username,pwd FROM admin WHERE username = '$username'");
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($query);

if($username == $result['username'] &&

$pwd == $result['pwd']){

$_SESSION['username'] =
$result['username'];
$_SESSION['uid'] =
$result['id'];

header("location:
admin/adminPage.php?activity=adminDashboard");
}
else{
include("adminLogin.php");
$errorMsg = "Invalid
User....";
}
36
 }
else{
include("adminLogin.php");
$errorMsg = "Enter in empty field...";
}

?>

<?php
//STUDENT LOGIN...

if(isset($_REQUEST['studentLoginBtn'])){

$username= $_REQUEST['username'];
$pwd= $_REQUEST['pwd'];

if(!empty($username) && !empty($pwd)){

$query = mysql_query("SELECT
id,username,pwd FROM members WHERE position = 'Student' && username = '$username'
&& pwd = '$pwd'");
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($query);

if($username == $result['username']
&& $pwd == $result['pwd']){

$_SESSION['username'] =
$username;
$_SESSION['uid'] =
$result['id'];

header("location:
members/userPage.php?activity=viewProfile");
37
 }
else{
include("studentLogin.php");
$errorMsg = "Invalid
User....";
}
}
else{
include("studentLogin.php");
$errorMsg = "Enter in empty field...";
}

?>

<?php
//FACULTY LOGIN...

if(isset($_REQUEST['facultyLoginBtn'])){

$username= $_REQUEST['username'];
$pwd= $_REQUEST['pwd'];

if(!empty($username) && !empty($pwd)){

$query = mysql_query("SELECT
id,username,pwd FROM members WHERE position = 'Faculty' && username = '$username'
&& pwd = '$pwd'");
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($query);

if($username == $result['username']
&& $pwd == $result['pwd']){

38
 $_SESSION['username'] =
$username;
$_SESSION['uid'] =
$result['id'];

header("location:
members/userPage.php?activity=viewProfile");
}
else{
include("facultyLogin.php");
$errorMsg = "Invalid
User....";
}
}
else{
include("facultyLogin.php");
$errorMsg = "Enter in empty field...";
}

?>

<?php
//ADD MEMBER...

$query = "Select id From members";

$returnD = mysql_query($query);
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($returnD);
$maxRows = $result['id'];

if(isset($_REQUEST['addMemberBtn'])){

$memberId = $_REQUEST['memberId'];
$firstName = $_REQUEST['firstName'];
39
 $lastName = $_REQUEST['lastName'];
$username = $_REQUEST['username'];
$pwd = $_REQUEST['pwd'];
$fathername = $_REQUEST['fathername'];
$branch = $_REQUEST['branch'];
$year = $_REQUEST['year'];
$sex = $_REQUEST['sex'];
$dob = $_REQUEST['dob'];
$address = $_REQUEST['address'];
$position = $_REQUEST['position'];
$mobile = $_REQUEST['mobile'];
$email = $_REQUEST['email'];

$fnm = $_FILES['fnm'];

$actualFileName = $fnm['name'];
$tmpName = $fnm['tmp_name'];
//$type = $fnm['type'];
//$size = $fnm['size'];
//$error = $fnm['error'];
$targetLocation = "members/pic/$actualFileName";

if(!empty($memberId) && !empty($firstName) && !empty($lastName) &&

!empty($username) && !empty($pwd) && !empty($sex) && !empty($fathername) &&
!empty($branch) && !empty($year) && !empty($dob) && !empty($address) &&
!empty($email) && !empty($mobile))
{

$usernameExists = mysql_fetch_assoc(mysql_query("SELECT username

FROM members WHERE username = '$username'"));

if($usernameExists['username'] != $username){

$mobileExists = mysql_fetch_assoc(mysql_query("SELECT
mobile FROM members WHERE mobile = '$mobile'"));
40
 if($mobileExists['mobile'] != $mobile){

$emailExists = mysql_fetch_assoc(mysql_query("SELECT
email FROM members WHERE email = '$email'"));

if($emailExists['email'] != $email){

move_uploaded_file($tmpName, $targetLocation);

$query = "Insert Into

members(id,firstName,lastName,username,pwd,fathername,branch,year,sex,dob,address,p
osition,mobile,email,pic)
Values('$memberId','$firstName','$lastName','$username','$pwd','$fathername','$branch','$
year','$sex','$dob','$address','$position','$mobile','$email','$actualFileName')";
$res = mysql_query($query);

if(!empty($res)){
$errorMsg = "Member Sucessfully Added.";
}
$query = "Select id From members";
$returnD = mysql_query($query);
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($returnD);
$maxRows = $result['id'];
}
else{
$errorMsg = "Email ID already exists. ";
}

}
else{
$errorMsg = "Mobile number already exists. ";
}
}
else{
41
 $errorMsg = "Username already exists.Choose another.";
}

}
else{
$errorMsg = "Please! Enter in Empty Field.";
}

include("register.php");
}

?>

<?php
//FORGET PASSWORD...

if(isset($_REQUEST['pwdSaveBtn'])){

$request = $_REQUEST['request'];

if($request == "admin"){
$regEmail = $_REQUEST['regEmail'];

$query = mysql_query("SELECT email

FROM admin WHERE email = '$regEmail'");
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($query);

if($regEmail == $result['email']){

$newP = $_REQUEST['newP'];
$confirmP =
$_REQUEST['confirmP'];

if($newP == $confirmP){
42
 $query =
mysql_query("UPDATE admin SET pwd = '$newP' WHERE email = '$regEmail'");

if(!empty($query)){
header("location:
home.php?activity=adminLogin");
//$errorMsg =
"Password successfully changed.";
}
}
else{
//header("location:
index.php?activity=forgetpwd");
$errorMsg = "Password must
be same.";
}
}
else{
//header("location:
index.php?activity=forgetpwd");
$errorMsg = "Please ! Enter
authorised's user email.";
}
}
else if($request == "user"){

$regEmail = $_REQUEST['regEmail'];

$query = mysql_query("SELECT
email,position FROM members WHERE email = '$regEmail'");
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($query);

if($regEmail == $result['email']){

$newP = $_REQUEST['newP'];
43
 $confirmP =
$_REQUEST['confirmP'];

if($newP == $confirmP){

$query =
mysql_query("UPDATE members SET pwd = '$newP' WHERE email = '$regEmail'");

if(!empty($query)){

if($result['position']
== 'Student')

header("location: home.php?activity=studentLogin");
else
if($result['position'] == 'Faculty')

header("location: home.php?activity=facultyLogin");
//$errorMsg =
"Password successfully changed.";
}
}
else{
//header("location:
index.php?activity=forgetpwd");
$errorMsg = "Password must
be same.";
}
}
else{
//header("location:
index.php?activity=forgetpwd");
$errorMsg = "Please ! Enter
authorised's user email.";
}
44
 }
include("forgetpwd.php");
}

?>

<?php
if(isset($errorMsg)){
?>
<div class="errorMsg"><?php echo $errorMsg; ?></div>
<?php
}
?>

</div>

<div class="footer">
<?php include("footer.php"); ?>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

DbConfig.php

<?php

$serverName = "localhost";
$userName = "root";
$password = "";
$databaseName = "studentinfrm";

mysql_connect($serverName, $userName, $password) or die(mysql_error());

mysql_select_db($databaseName) or die(mysql_error());
45
?>

Admin, Student and Faculty Login

<?php

?>

<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/inputs.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/form.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/title.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="title">Admin/Student/Faculty Login</div>
<div class="loginContainer">
<form class="loginForm">
<div class="formInput">
<input type="text" name="username" required autofocus
placeholder="Username" >
</div>
<div class="formInput">
<input type="password" name="pwd" required autofocus
placeholder="password" >
</div>
<input type="submit" name="adminLoginBtn" value="Log
In" class="btnLogin">
<br >
<a class="forgetPwd"
href="home.php?activity=forgetpwd">Forget Password?</a>

46
 </form>

</div>
</body>
</html>

Registration for Student and Faculty

<?php

include("dbConfig.php");

$query = "Select id From members";

$returnD = mysql_query($query);
$result = mysql_fetch_assoc($returnD);
$maxRows = $result['id'];

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/title.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/register.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="title">Register</div>
<div class="addMemberForm">
<form action="home.php" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-
data" class="addform">

47
 <div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="memberId" required autofocus
placeholder="ID">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="firstName" required autofocus
placeholder="First-Name" pattern="[A-Za-z]{1,}" title="First name must contain atleast 3
letters.">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="lastName" required autofocus
placeholder="Last-Name" pattern="[A-Za-z]{3,}" title="Last name must contain atleast 3
letters.">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="username" required autofocus
placeholder="Username" pattern="[A-Za-z0-9]{4,}" title="Username must be greater than
5 characters.">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<input type="password" name="pwd" required autofocus
placeholder="Password">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<div class="addMemberFormList">
<select name="position" required autofocus>
<option value="">Select</option>
<option value="Student">Student</option>
<option value="Faculty">Faculty</option>
</select>
48
 </div>
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="fathername" required autofocus
placeholder="Father-Name" pattern="[A-Za-z]{3,}" title="Father name must contain atleast
3 letters.">
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<div class="addMemberFormList">
<select name="branch" required autofocus>
<option value="">Branch</option>
<option value="CSE">CSE</option>
<option value="ECE">ECE</option>
<option value="EEE">EEE</option>
<option value="MECH">MECH</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<div class="addMemberFormList">
<select name="year" required autofocus>
<option value="">Year</option>
<option value="FIRST">FIRST</option>
<option
value="SECOND">SECOND</option>
<option value="THIRD">THIRD</option>
<option
value="FOURTH">FOURTH</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<div class="addMemberFormList">
<select name="sex" required autofocus>
<option value="gender">Gender</option>
49
 <option value="MALE">MALE</option>
<option
value="FEMALE">FEMALE</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="dob" required autofocus
placeholder="bday">
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="address" required autofocus
placeholder="address" pattern="[A-Za-z0-9]{0,}" title="Username must be any
characters,symbols.">
</div>
<div class="inputs">
<input type="text" name="mobile" required autofocus
placeholder="Mobile" pattern="[0-9]{10}">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<input type="email" name="email" required autofocus
placeholder="Email" title="example.example1@gmail.com">
</div>

<div class="inputs">
<label>Upload Photo : </label><input type="file"
name="fnm" value="Upload Photo">
</div>

<input type="submit" name="addMemberBtn" value="Add

Member">
</form>
</div>
</body>
50
</html>

Marks.php

<?php
$msg="";
$opr="";
if(isset($_GET['opr']))
$opr=$_GET['opr'];

if(isset($_GET['rs_id']))
$id=$_GET['rs_id'];

if($opr=="del")
{
$del_sql=mysql_query("DELETE FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE stu_id=$id");
if($del_sql)
$msg="1 Record Deleted... !";
else
$msg="Could not Delete :".mysql_error();

}
?>

<?php

?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

51
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style_view.css" />
<title>Untitled Document</title>
</head>

<body>
<div id="style_div" >
<div class="title">External Marks for all Students</div>
<form method="post">
<table width="755">
<tr>
<td><a href="?activity=score_entry"><input type="button" title="Add new Scores"
name="butAdd" value="Add New" id="button-search" /></a></td>
<td><input type="text" name="txtsearch" title="Enter name for search "
class="search" required autofocus placeholder="Search" autocomplete="off"/></td>
<td style="float:right"><input type="submit" name="btnsearch" value="Search"
id="button-search" title="Search product" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
<br />

<div id="content-input">
<table border="1" width="1300px" align="center" cellpadding="3" class="mytable"
cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">No</th>
<th rowspan="2">Students Name </th>
<th rowspan="2">Date of Birth </th>
<th colspan="3">SPM</th>
<th colspan="3">DWDM</th>
<th colspan="3">IRS</th>
52
 <th colspan="3">LP</th>
<th colspan="3">DP</th>
<th colspan="3">CC</th>
<th>notes</th>
<th colspan="2" rowspan="2" >Operation</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<th>Mid</th>
<th>Fin</th>
<th> Total</th>

<th>Mid</th>
<th>Fin</th>
<th> Total</th>

<th>Mid</th>
<th>Fin</th>
<th> Total</th>

<th>Mid</th>
<th>Fin</th>
<th> Total</th>

<th>Mid</th>
<th>Fin</th>
<th> Total</th>

<th>Mid</th>
<th>Fin</th>
<th> Total</th>
</tr>

<?php
$key="";
53
 if(isset($_POST['searchtxt']))
$key=$_POST['searchtxt'];

if($key !="")
$sql_sel=mysql_query("SElECT * FROM sub_tbl WHERE f_name like '%$key%'
");
else
$sql_sel=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl GROUP BY stu_id");
$i=0;
while($row=mysql_fetch_array($sql_sel)){
$num=$row['stu_id'];
$i++;
$color=($i%2==0)?"lightblue":"white";

$sql_stu=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM members WHERE

id=".$row['stu_id']." AND position='student'");
$fec_stu=mysql_fetch_array($sql_stu);

/* $sql_sem=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM sub_tbl WHERE

semester=".$row['semester']);
$fec_sem=mysql_fetch_array($sql_sem); */

$sql_web=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE

stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=1");
$fec_web=mysql_fetch_array($sql_web);

$sql_cpp=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE

stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=2");
$fec_cpp=mysql_fetch_array($sql_cpp);

$sql_vb=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE

stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=5");
$fec_ec=mysql_fetch_array($sql_vb);

54
 $sql_net=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE
stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=4");
$fec_netw=mysql_fetch_array($sql_net);

$sql_dat=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE

stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=6");
$fec_data=mysql_fetch_array($sql_dat);

$sql_en=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE

stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=3");
$fec_e=mysql_fetch_array($sql_en);

$sql_dwdm=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM stu_score_tbl WHERE

stu_id=".$row['stu_id']." AND sub_id=3");
$fec_eng=mysql_fetch_array($sql_dwdm);
?>
<tr bgcolor="<?php echo $color?>">
<td><?php echo $i;?></td>
<td align="left"><?php echo $fec_stu['firstName']." ".$fec_stu['lastName'];?></td>

<td><?php echo $fec_stu['dob'];?></td>

<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_web['miderm'];?></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_web['final'];?></td>
<td id="center"><b><?php echo
$fec_web['miderm']+$fec_web['final'];?></b></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_cpp['miderm'];?></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_cpp['final'];?></td>
<td id="center"><b><?php echo $fec_cpp['miderm']+$fec_cpp['final'];?></b></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_ec['miderm'];?></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_ec['final'];?></td>
<td id="center"><b><?php echo $fec_ec['miderm']+$fec_ec['final'];?></b></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_netw['miderm'];?></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_netw['final'];?></td>
<td id="center"><b><?php echo
$fec_netw['miderm']+$fec_netw['final'];?></b></td>
55
 <td id="center"><?php echo $fec_data['miderm'];?></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_data['final'];?></td>
<td id="center"><b><?php echo
$fec_data['miderm']+$fec_data['final'];?></b></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_eng['miderm'];?></td>
<td id="center"><?php echo $fec_eng['final'];?></td>
<td id="center"><b><?php echo $fec_eng['miderm']+$fec_eng['final'];?></b></td>
<td><?php echo $fec_eng['note'];?></td>
<td align="center"><a href="?activity=score_entry&opr=upd&rs_id=<?php echo
$row['ss_id'];?>"><img src="picture/update.png" /></a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="?acitivity=test_score&opr=del&rs_id=<?php echo
$row['ss_id'];?>"><img src="picture/delete.png" /></a></td>
</tr>

<?php

}
?>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>

5.4 TABLES
1. Admin Table

Sno Name Datatype

1 Id Int(5)
2 Username Varchar(20)
3 Pwd Varchar(50)
4 firstName Varchar(20)
5 lastName Varchar(20)
6 Mobile Int(10)
7 Email Varchar(50)

Id – Stores admin id in administration

Username-stores username of administration

56
 Password – Stores password of administration
firstName – Stores first name of administration
lastName – Stores last name of administration
mobile – Stores the mobile number for administration
email – stores email id of administration.
2. Members Table – both Faculty as well as Student
Sno Name Datatype
1 Id Int(3)
2 firstName Varchar(20)
3 lastName Varchar(20)
4 Username Varchar(20)
5 Password Varchar(50)
6 Fathername Varchar(20)
7 Branch Varchar(20)
8 Year Varchar(20)
9 Sex Varchar(20)
10 Dob Int(30)
11 Address Varchar(20)
12 Position Varchar(10)
13 Mobile int(10)
14 Email Varchar(50)
15 Pic Varchar(50)

Id – Stores id of members
firstName - Stores the first name in members
lastName - Stores the last name of members
username - Stores the user name of members
pwd - Stores the password of members
fathername - Stores the father name of members
branch – Stores the branch of members
year - Stores the btech or degree year of members
sex - Stores male/female of members
dob - Stores date of birth of members
address - Stores the address of members
57
 position - Stores position where faculty or students uses in members
mobile - Stores the mobile number of members
email - Stores mail id of members
pic - Stores image in members

3. Branch table:
Sno Name Datatypes
1 Branch_id Int(10)
2 Branch_name Varchar(10)
3 Note Varchar(20)

Note – Stores which part of branch is it.

4. Subject table:
Sno Name Datatypes
1 Sub_id Int(10)
2 Branch_id Int(10)
3 Teacher_id Int(3)
4 Semester Int(2)
5 Sub_name Varchar(20)
6 Note Varchar(20)

Sub_id – stores subject id of subject

Branch_id – stores branch id from branch
Teacher id - stores id from members
Semester – stores which semester of subject
Sub_name - stores which subject is it
Note – What type of subject is it.

5. Marks Table:

Sno Name Datatypes

1 Ss_id Int(5)

58
 2 Stu_id Int(3)
3 Branch_id Int(10)
4 Sub_id Int(10)
5 midterm Float(5)
6 Final Float(5)
7 Note Varchar(10)

Stu_id – stores student id from members table

Branch_id – stores branch id from branch table
Sub_id – stores subject id from subject table
Midterm – stores marks of midterm for students
Final – stores final marks of students
Note – stores whether the student is pass or fail based on marks.

59
 CHAPTER -6
6. TESTING
6.1 INTRODUCTION TO TESTING

Testing is the process where the test data is prepared and is used for testing the modules
individually and later the validation given for the fields. The purpose of testing is to
discover errors. Testing is the process of trying to discover every conceivable fault
or weakness in a work product. It provides a way to check the functionality of
components, sub-assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished product.
It is the process of exercising software with the intent of ensuring that the software system
meets its requirements and user expectations and does not fail in an unacceptable manner.
There are various types of test. Each test type addresses a specific testing requirement.

Testing Objectives
The main objective of testing is to uncover a host of errors, systematically and
with minimum effort and time. Stating formally, we can say,
- Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
- A successful test is one that uncovers a yet undiscovered error.
- A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an error if it exists.
- The tests are inadequate to detect possibly present errors.

TESTING STRATEGIES
A strategy for software testing integrates software test case design methods into
well-planned series of steps that result in the successful construction of software.
Black Box Testing
Black Box Testing method considers a module as a single unit and checks the unit at
interface and communication with other modules rather getting into details at the
statement level. Here the module will be treated as a black box that will take some input
and generate output. Output for a given set of input combinations is forwarded to other
modules.
White Box Testing
White Box Testing mainly focuses on the internal performance of the product. Here a part
will be taken at a time and tested thoroughly at a statement level to find the maximum
possible errors.
60
 Grey Box Testing
Grey Box Testing is the process in which the combination of black box and white box
tonics are used.

6.2 TEST CASES

This system has complete student information. The test cases for SIS is an application
that explain the test cases for student information system. Software testing is a critical
part that is involved in overall development of the application. This will be one of the
interesting project that one can work on and implement in real time world.
Test cases gives an idea like on perform of some tasks what will be predicating the result
on perform certain tasks. The test cases below gives an idea of what result must be
obtained on performing a particular task.

Test cases for Login System:

Sno Test cases Expected Result

Enter valid name and Software should display Successful

1
password main windows
Enter invalid username Error due to incorrect Successful
2
and valid password username or password
Enter valid username and Error due to incorrect Successful
3
invalid password username or password
and try again
Enter invalid both Software should not Successful
4
username and password display or login main
windows

Test cases for Registration System:

Sno Test cases Expected Actual Result

61
 Faculty or The Faculty and The registered Successful
1
Student Student need to details of
registration register to login Faculty and
details into their Students are
account if already stored and
registered should retrieved from
be able to login database and
the non-
registered
once need to
register
Student Entering details of Enter correct Successful
2
registration student and its details and
unsucessful matched registered
registration failed details should
not match with
same id

Test cases for Marks System:

Sno Test cases Expected Result

1 On the click of add At first user (faculty) Successful

button will registered and
login into their and
enter marks for
students

2 On the click of Modified the details Successful

update button and update in
database

3 On the click of Display the student Successful

search button marks

62
4 On click of Logout Display the exit and Successful
button Go back to login page

63
 CHAPTER 7
7. SCREEN SHOTS
7.1 WELCOME SCREEN

7.2 SCREEN 1: Registration Page for students and Faculty.

7.3 SCREEN 2: Login Page for student or faculty or admin login.

64
7.4 SCREEN 3: This is admin page in that he/she can check total no of students and
no of faculty who are registered.

7.5 SCREEN 4: This is admin page he can view or delete the student details.

65
 7.6 SCREEN 5: Admin can register marks for students.

7.7 SCREEN 6: This admin page he can check the student marks and update/delete.

66
7.8 SCREEN 7:This Faculty Page and they can view their profile

7.9 SCREEN 8: Faculty can add marks for students for their respective subject.

67
7.10 SCREEN 9: Faculty can also view their overall student marks

7.11 SCREEN 10: This is Student page, student can check his profile whenever he/she
require. And can update their details.

68
7.12 SCREEN 11: This is admin page, in that we are having total no of students, if
we click on name of student we will be getting the total information of that
student.

69
7.13 SCREEN 12: This is the student marks list.

70
CONCLUSIONS
The application provide appropriate information to users according to the choosen service. The
project is designed keeping in view the day to day problem faced by a college. Deployment of our
application will certainly help the college to reduce unnecessary wastage of time in personally
going to each department for some information. Awareness and right information about any
college is essential for both the development of student as well as faculty. Thus the information is
used for user friendly approach.

Student Information System is very useful in an institution or in college or in universities. There

is no paper work in this proposed system. Supervision can be done from anywhere. This project
especially minimizes human effort necessary. This application is handled by the college so there
is no information leak and data will be secured. Since it is a web based application anyone can use
the system anywhere at any time and it is very easy to get the necessary information without the
latency. It is very useful to the students to get their report on marks. Since this application will be
handled by the college whenever they need any changes in an application they can make it without
the upfront investment, and the system will be more secure when it is handled by the own college.

71
FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
It may help collecting perfect management in details. In a very short time, the collection will be
obvious, simple and sensible. It will help a person to know the management of passed year
perfectly and vividly. It also helps in current all works relative to College. It will be also reduced
the cost of collecting the management & collection procedure will go on smoothly. The present
project has been developed to meet the aspirations indicated in the modern age. An attempt has
been made through this project to do all work ease & fast. It provide current add, Update,
MoveNext, MovePrevious, MoveLast, Find & Delete all facilities to accomplish the desired
objectives. The facility Include in this project and the suggested activities have been organized to
impart knowledge & develop skill & attitude in the College official works.

In future the students can also be able to download or upload notes. The whole project will be
made available as an android app for more ease of use and mobility.

Exciting new enhancements to the database include adding password protection to the system.
Teachers will be given individual passwords that will allow them access to certain parts of the
database, thus allowing them to view the records of students in their classes, and let them enter the
grades of the students directly into the database. Students will also be given individual passwords
that will allow them to check their academic standing and allow them to register for classes through
the database system. This will replace the paper and pencil registration method currently in place.
Furthermore, the queries are already made for future reports that will identify all of the students
registered for a certain class in all of the academic departments. Additional pages will be added
to the switchboard to allow easy access of this information to the end users.

72
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books-
Dekkers, R. (2014), Applied Systems Theory, Springer

Kendall and Kendall . (2011). SYSTEMS ANALYSIS and DESIGN. (8th Ed.). Pearson
Education, Inc
Klir, G.(1991). Facets of Systems Science (IFSR International Series on Systems
Science and Engineering). Springer

PHP book by Vasvani (TMH publications)

Beginning PHP5 by WROX

WWW.Google.com

www.wikipedia.com

www.w3schools.com

Head first PHP and MYSQL by Beighley and Michael Morrison( D’Reilly ).

Journals/Periodicals-

1. Chen, D. & Stroup W. (1993), General System Theory: Toward a Conceptual

Framework for Science and Technology Education for All. Journal for Science
Education and Technology.Vol 2. No. 3.

2. Magara, E. (2006), A Framework For An Integrated Student Information

Management System For Higher Education In Uganda

2. Litan,D. et. Al.(2011) Information System Integration, a New Trend in Business.

WSEAS JOURNALS

73
6. N. M. Z. Hashim and S. N. K. S. Mohamed (2013), Development of Student
Information System

7. Rochelle Dacuycuy‐Pacio(2013) Online Student Information System of Benguet State

University (OSIS-BSU), Philippines

8. Sean M. Motta(2010), Design of a Comprehensive Student Information System

(SIS) and User Interface for the Honors College at USF

9. SLACK, Frances and ROWLEY, J. Kiosk 21: a new role for information kiosk?

10. William E. Genereux(2004), Understanding Student Information Systems in Kansas

Community Colleges

11. Yee Loong and Bruce Lui(2012), SFU SIS Enrollment System

74
REFERENCES
[1]. Isbudeen Noor Mohamed, Ahmad Tasnim Siddiqui, Syed Ajaz, S. Mohamed Idhris, “Student
Information Report System with SMS (SIRS)”, in proc. 2016 International Conference on
Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI -2016), Jan. 07 – 09, 2016, Coimbatore,
INDIA.

[2]. FU Yue, “A Study of Student Information Management Software”, pp.393-396.

[3]. Liangqiu MENG, “College Student Management System Design Using Computer Aided
System” in proc. 2015 International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data & Smart
City, pp.212-215.

[4]. Almahdi Alshareef, 1Ahmed Alkilany “Toward A Student Information System For Sebha
University, Libya”, Fifth international conference on Innovative Computing Technology,
2015,pp.34-39.

[5]. Lalit Mohan Joshi, “A Research Paper on College Management System”, International Journal
of Computer Applications (0975-8887) Volume 122 – No.11, July 2015, pp.32-44.

75