UNDERSTANDING THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF DEFENSE OF THE ANCIENTS PLAYERS;

A PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY

A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PAPER

SUBMITTED TO

JANET C. ELIAGA

FACULTY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

GENERAL SANTOS CITY

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT

OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE SUBJECT

PRACTICAL RESEARCH I

1
 BY

RISTER ZARAGOZA PANTOÑAL

JHON VERUNQUE ROMARATE

HAROLD APA OLIVEROS

MCGREGY CATIPAY

KELVIN SUMAYANG DIOLA

GREGORIO HEMPEROSO

RUEL TUMAMAC

MARCH 2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost,we offer our sincerest gratitude to our beloved

subject teacher ,Janet C. Eliaga , who provided us the opportunity to
start, and fulfil this research project, also, for her excellent
guidance,motivation, and immense knowledge that she shared to us.

We thank all who in one way or another contributed in the completion of

this research study.Especially to the students who actively participated
in our research study.

Also to our family who give financial support and prayed for us
throughout the time of our research

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Last but not the least ,we want to thank you Almighty God for the
protection and ability to do our work.

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 ABSTRACT

This interpretative phenomenological study examined the everyday lived

experiences of

Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) men who play massively
player online role

playing games . The researcher utilized in-depth, semi-structured

interviews to

elicit stories regarding participants’ experiences of playing Defense of

the Ancients 2. In addition, the

researcher solicited screens of the players of defense of the ancients 2

characters. This research seeks to

gain insight into lived experiences surrounding race and gender in the
context of

hegemonic masculinity, and the impact of these experiences on their

engagement with massively player online role-playing games . This
study utilized critical race theory

(Delgado & Stefancic, 2011) and hegemonic masculinity (Connell,

2013,2014,) as frameworks

through which to analyze the effect of playing defense of the ancients 2,

experiences with

INDEX WORDS: Asian American and Pacific Islander men, Masculinity,

Massively player

online role-playing games, Hegemonic masculinity, Photo elicitation,

Critical Race Theory

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES PAGE

Title Page --------------------------------------------------------- i

Acknowledgment ---------------------------------------------- ii

Abstract -------------------------------------------------------- iii

Table of contents ---------------------------------------------- iv

CHAPTER I - PROBLEM

Introduction ------------------------------------------------------

Statement of the problem -----------------------------------

Purpose -------------------------------------------------------

Significance of the study --------------------------------------

CHAPTER II-REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature ------------------------------------------------

Related Studies -----------------------------------------------

Theoretical Framework -----------------------------------------

CHAPTER III - METHODOLOGY

Qualitative Methods -------------------------------------------

Qualitative Research --------------------------------------------

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Research Design -----------------------------------------------

Questionnaire ---------------------------------------------------

Participant ----------------------------------------------------------

interview participant -------------------------

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CHAPTER IV

Defense of the ancient for the student ------------------------------------

What parents think about defense of the ancients -----------------------

How student often do playing defense of the ancients ------------------

CHAPTER V

Discussion -------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conclusion-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Limitation of study --------------------------------------------------------------

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 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Defense of the ancients is a games that rose in the age of the modern
technology. It it a online games or not local area network mode .

Defense of the ancients started in early 2000’s in the program warcraft ; it

Was revised in around 2006 in the program warcraft and later on they
launched an online games applications of Defense of the Ancients which

Can be played not only by the lan users but also the wwlan user.it was name
as Defense of the ancients. Defense of the ancient has been a great impact to
some group of people in the society. It affects the student, the Creator of the
game, the sponsors and lan owners the national telecommunication subscriber
and distributor, the player and gamer and most of all are the developers. That
entire group of people in the society that has\is concerned in Defense of the
ancients has both positive and negative affections. One of the most greatest
factor on being affected in Defense of the ancients is addiction. Defense of the
ancient addiction is considered as one of the deadliest game in he world. One
of the most targeted place in the defense of the ancients distribution is
ASIA ,specifically in china ,Korea,Philippines,Thailand, Burma,Vietnam and
later on became one of the most unwanted games by same local and spiritual
organizations. Addiction of the defense of the ancients changes

Life. Being addicted to this game changes the flow of your time management.
Due to playing,eating is irrelevant: the satisfaction they get from playing is the
same as the satisfaction they get from eating. As a result, the body’s immune
systems are getting weaker in now expose the viruses and diseases.

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 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Many teenagers these days get easily attracted or addicted to video

games and with this increasing population, many of them have become
violent and in some cases they would kill just to take revenge when they would
experience defeat or when they are afraid to be defeated. Video game
addiction can also the video game that he/she really likes,because he/she
doesn’t have the money to pay for the internet cafe,this can push the gamer to
commit crime so that he/she can play the game. This study aims to reduce the
increasing population of teenager that has been addicted to video game like
defense of the ancient and also reduce the increasing amount of crimes that
have been committed because of defense of the ancient game addiction and
help them to lessen their time in playing these gamer or even help them to stop
playing defense of the ancient game. Teenager can be easily hooked up on
these games but lessening the time on these game are usually the problems,
cause once a teenager get addicted to these,it is very hard to stop .this study
also aims to help teenager lessen their time on playing defense of the ancient
these few words can be helpful in achieving the goal of the
researcher.”discipline”-the teenager need to put in mind that they should have
discipline in spending their time in playing defense of the ancient games. “time

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Management”-they should have time management in order that they can
balance their works and so that it would not cause trouble on their studies.

PURPOSE OF STUDY

This study is to show the purpose of this study is to describe the lived
experiences of defense of the ancient players. Can effect someone through
various aspect. Its purpose is to explore and identify online defense of the
ancient addiction among. Fatima national high school student the finding will
help other to reduce their addiction towards.

SIGNIFICANSE OF THE STUDY

This study will help the students have an insight on the impact defense of the
ancient towards their academic performance.

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To the teacher, it will provide additional knowledge on what strategy to use to
educate students about the well-known affects of online defense of the
ancient to students academic performance, problem solving strategy, decision
making and spatial visualization.

To student, this study may give information to the student about how defense
of the ancient game affect their studies

To the researcher, it would help the future researcher that are interested in this
study it will serve as their basis and their background about their research.

To the school administrator, the school administrator is considered one of the

most important areas of administrator and the greatest one in the community,
which it’s role is no longer limited to implement educational policies and
objectives but has become responsible for raising the generations and
qualifying them in a rapidly changing era school administrator keeps in direct
contact with the community, provides it with came and education, and proper
environment that would academic qualify student well leading eventually to the
progress og community and upgrades it’s level.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study will be conducted about the evaluation of the respondents regarding
in the study of effects of playing defense of the ancients on student’s academic
performance in Fatima National High School senior high. In a random order,
ten selected grade 11 shielded metal arc welding student in Fatima National
High School will be given questionnaires to get information that will been

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needed in the study. This study will conducted to determine the effects of
defense of the ancients to the students academic performance.
Problem-solving strategy,decision-making and spatial visualization.the
problem strategy,memorization and decision-making capabilities will be
measured through a series of situation and identification the questioner.

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 CHAPTER II

REVEIW RELATED LITERATURE

Teenager react towards frustration and stress (wolfing.THALEMAN and

GRUSSER, 2013). for example problematic gamer will indeed show off
emotions like anger, depression and frustration. But is not all bad.
Problematic gamer can show positive emotions defending on the outcome of
the game. This seems particularly problematic because those teenager who
play defense of the ancient excessively are likely to develop a healthy lifestyle
because they are constantly playing defense of the ancient of occupying
themselves with school, friends and family therefore there physical
developments may be significantly impaired. The consistent blocking out of
and passive coping with stressful experiences is a strategy that may be
successful in the short-term however, from a long -term perspective it may not
work quite as well and could have deadly consequences. In this case, it
appears more likely that once new stress appears teenagers continue to use
escapist a media - focused coping mechanism. In united kingdom, the
research done by DAVID.RUDD (2014) Started that the addictions in playing
defense of the ancient is believed to drive someone to extreme circumstances
so much so that from some evidence demonstrated parents tend to believe
that their child is in a position where their health and future is a won. While the
health could be an issue due to lack of exercise but failing to advise to
education and lack of future job prospects has no strong solid evidence to
indicate this is a true thus have no findings about the matter other than that,
social networking sites like FACEBOOK.have a good history of allowing young
people to gain information and access to various other educational ideas and
games that have some underlying educational traits that may or may not be
meant to be reviewed like that to give any sort of educational foothold for a
young person in that time wouldn’t better spent giving them a proper
foundation for understanding world of defense of the ancient as the example
DAVID.RUDD said that defense of the ancient is designed to give a very vast
gaming experiences but at the same time making sure the gamer has
continues content to take part into keep the gamer played their game

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lastly,from the aspect social of the (RUDD DAVID.2013)an investigation into
the effect people and children player online game designed Fatima
National …..

RELATED STUDIES

DEFENSE OF THE ANCIENTS 2 game it is very addictive part of the game

with being able to always find a “guild” that is of similar strength ability and
direction as the young person themselves so thus will keep the player coming
back to even chat to virtual friends within the game based on the literature
review that has been done this paper will find out what is attitude of FATIMA
NATIONAL student had toward online games and to investigate reason why
they play online games defense of the ancients it is hypothesized that those
who are spend more thing played defense of the ancients game will be
addicted and a affects their life style.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

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15
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

QUALITATIVE METHODS

The word qualitative implies an emphasis on the qualities of entities and on

processes and meanings that are not experimentally examined or measured [if
measured at all] in terms of quantity, amount, intensity, or frequency.
Qualitative researchers stress the socially constructed nature of reality, the
intimate relationship between the researcher and what is studied, and the
situation constraints that shape inquiry. Such researchers emphasize the
value-laden nature of inquiry. They seek answers to questions that stress how
social experience is created and given meaning. In contrast, quantitative
studies emphasize the measurement and analysis of causal relationships
between variables, not processes. Qualitative forms of inquiry are considered
by many social and behavioral scientists to be as much a perspective on how to
approach investigating a research problem as it is a methods.

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Qualitative research is a process of naturalistic inquiry that seeks in-depth

understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting. It focuses on
the "why" rather than the "what" of social phenomena and relies on the direct
experiences of human beings as meaning-making agents in their every day

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lives. Rather than by logical and statistical procedures, qualitative researchers
use multiple systems of inquiry for the study of human phenomena including
biography, case study, historical analysis, discourse analysis, ethnography,
grounded theory and phenomenology.

The three major focus areas are individuals, societies and cultures, and
language and communication. Although there are many methods of inquiry in
qualitative research, the common assumptions are that knowledge is
subjective rather than objective and that the researcher learns from the
participants in order to understand the meaning of their lives. To ensure rigor
and trustworthiness, the researcher attempts to maintain a position of
neutrality while engaged in the research process.

Research Design

The design of qualitative research is probably the most flexible of the various
experimental techniques, encompassing a variety of accepted methods and
structures. Though there is no standardized structure, this type of study still
needs to be carefully constructed and designed.

Researchers need to continually ensure they are conducting bias-free,

open-ended technique and staying alert to potential sources of error. This
usually involves awareness of bias and deep sensitivity to the phenomenon in
question.

QUESTIONAIRE
The questionnaire was conducted by the researcher based on the thesis
problem
NAME:
YES NO

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GENDER:
Male: Female:
AGE:

1.Do you played defense of the ancient 2?

2.Can defense of the ancients 2 make you rich?
3.Can defense of the ancients 2 make you happy?
4.Can defense of the ancients 2 changes your attitude?
5.Can you learn many good things while playing defense
of the ancients 2?

EXPLAINATION
1. While playing defense of the ancients 2 did your grade grow higher?

2. What is defense if the ancients 2 for you?

3. How many players before start the game in playing defense of the
ancient 2?

4. Do you think defense of the ancients 2 can play with your friends or
classmates?

5. What can you say about defense of the ancients 2?

Participants

For this study, college students, mostly freshmen 18 to 19 years of age, were
interviewed. The students were actively recruited. Both women and men of
differing
racial and ethnic categories who attended public and private high schools were
selected to

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answer the questionnaires. Participants in this age group were able to recall
their public
school experiences, as well as the feelings those experiences evoked and the
impact that
the experiences may have had on their overall experience in school.

Interview participants. The selection of 41 participants allowed for in-depth

interviews. As was described above, the goal was to have equal number of
participants
who have been the victim of bullying, the bully, and a witness. Initially the
survey results
showed that of the participants, 21 had said they had been addicted od
defense of the ancient, 35 said they had
witnessed someone being addicted, and 13 said that they had bullied
someone. The goal of
having equal numbers of participants in each category was achieved to some
extent, since
some students did not self-identify as addictions or having been addicted, but
their interview
revealed them to be a defense of the ancients and/or a victim at some point
during their K-12 schooling.
Interview Procedures
Semi-structured interviews were used. As CRESS WELL (2014) noted,
through semi structured interviews that guide the conversation, but allow for
participants to provide
66
information that is important to them but not necessarily reflected in the
interview
questions, “we can come to understand the details of people’s experience from
their point
of view” (). He further noted, “We can see how their individual experience
interacts with powerful social and organizational forces that pervade the
context in which
they live and work, and we can discover the interconnections among people
who live and
work in a shared context” (). It is understanding the participants’ points of view
and allowing their voices to be heard that requires qualitative methods,
specifically

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interviewing, to be utilized to answer the research question.
During the semi-structured in-depth interviews, a set of interview questions
(Appendix B) was used to guide opportunities to explore issues of bullying that
the
students experienced in school. Interview questions asked participants to
recall their
experiences with ADDICTED, whether their perspective was that of
ADDICTED, victim, witness, or
any combination thereof. Participants’ perceptions of their daily schooling
experiences
were elicited and recorded so as to assess their exposure to ADDICTED,
either directly or
indirectly. The word “bullying” was only brought up at the end of the interview
in order
to have the participants define the term at an earlier part of the interview.

CHAPTER IV

DOTA FOR STUDENT

DOTA FOR THE STUDENTS To begin with, DoTA is both a gift and curse
game given to us for us to exert our time, effort, energy, money, social life,
focus and goals.

DotA is like being in a relationship. You aren’t that good at first at it. But as you
progress and become more serious into playing and winning. You kinda feel
rewarded for everything you do in the game. Actually, not kinda. Doing
amazing plays and outplaying your opponents then winning is one of the most
satisfying things in my own personal opinion.

DotA is addicting in the form that you want to get better. You want to get better
to win. To be better, you have to keep playing and playing. There are stages
where you are no playing but you daydream about what you want to do

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in-game. You feel excited on getting back to the game, because DoTA is like
that. It hooks you in even if your bad or good at the game and you keep
wanting more.

But DotA is not just about playing the game. Now that it is an e-sport that has
become famous and has one of he biggest prize pools in history. DotA has
gotten more interesting and watchable because of all the drama the different
teams playing.

Watching Pro Dota players. You will get to the stage where these guys are my
idols, my celebrities, my gods. These players play for a living they are good at
the game to the extent where they get paid for it. They are living the dream for
some of us gamers. Some students may be hoping and dreaming of becoming
the next prodigies and I’m not one to discourage them as I think playing a
game that you love professionally is a totally legit career.

I was once a student whowas also hooked by this terrible and at the same time
beautiful game. I have lost sleep for a lot of days just because of this game. I
have spent alot of sets (skins) for my favorite heroes because I want them to
look good because they represent me and times when I really wanted to play
and had to go to net cafes to play I spent a whole lot. I have failed so many
quizzes (not exams cause I’m cool as fuck with stock knowledge). I have lost a
relationship just to this game.

It will mentally exhaust you wherein you are gonna rage and be furious alot of
times and at the same game feel satisfied just because you carried your team
to victory . It brings out the best and worst in you.

DotA is just so complex and you will easily get attached. And that is why I love
and hate DotA.

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 CHAPTER V

DISCUSSION

AS progressive developments, dwellings at El Gallo were able to adopt new

and diverse roles along their whole process of evolution. In this section,
relevant issues of the process of dwelling evolution observed at El Gallo are
discussed. The first concerns the role of the non-permanent structure in the
context of El Gallo as a sponsored progressive development project. The
second comments on the process of dwelling evolution that followed the
construction of the permanent structure.

In principle, non-permanent structures at El Gallo were similar to ranchos built

in informal settlements. Ranchos at El Gallo served as primary shelters while
more basic household priorities were met (i.e., services and infrastructure
were provided, sources of income were found and generated, and even a
favourable social environment was developed among neighbours). However,
the majority of tin shacks were neither considerably increased nor upgraded
with better materials even when they were used for long periods of time. This
fact, together with the sudden change in the pace of development caused by
the construction of a very complete permanent dwelling and subsequent
removal of the rancho, had no connection with the gradual process of shack
replacement observed in invasion settlements of Ciudad Guayana during this
study (Portela, M. 1992). Neither did this process have a relationship with the
system of "piecemeal construction" described by several housing researchers
as characteristic of low-income dwellers.

The shanties were... housing in process of improvement. In particular the

piecemeal system of building afforded great advantages to those who, like
most of the poor in developing societies, have great variations in income from
month to month (Peattie L. 1982:132).

Under El Gallo conditions of land security, ranchos did not show consolidation,
and revealed their transient character because they were eventually
substituted by permanent structures. The non-permanent structure revealed
the primary household's aspiration for a minimum satisfactory habitable area.
However, besides basic shelter during the initial stage, ranchos served to the
purposes of capital accumulation that eventually allowed households to buy a
basic unit according to official standards, or building a bigger, more complete
first permanent structure. The size of ranchos reflected households'
aspirations for the permanent dwelling, that is,smaller ranchos were

22
substituted by basic units of the housing programs. Instead larger ranchos
were substituted by large self-produced dwellings.

It is difficult to ascertain why ranchos were removed when they could have
been kept as part of the dwelling, as in fact did a minority of households (2
cases). Is a fact that the temporary materials of ranchos contributed to their
deterioration that ended with the total removal of the rancho. However, an idea
that may have contributed to the demolition of the rancho was the household's
adoption of the planner's belief that ranchos were a bad but necessary step on
the way to obtaining permanent housing. Thus, once the permanent dwelling
was built, the price households paid to gain credibility (i.e., that this stage was
reached) was the demolition of the rancho itself. This interpretation can be
specially true for Ciudad Guayana, where dwellings of certain quality such as
those of El Gallo were seen as "casas" or houses. Instead, structures of similar
quality in the hills of cities such as Caracas were still considered ranchos. In
the long run, informal settlements obtained the largest benefits from this
process because they gained far more official tolerance and social credibility
(i.e., that shacks were actually temporary means of residence towards
good-quality housing).

Those who lived in smaller ranchos improved their spatial conditions by

moving to the small basic dwellings. Those who occupied bigger ranchos built
bigger dwellings by themselves. Still, some households built their dwellings
without going through the rancho stage. Self-produced dwellings followed the
formal models either to gain the government's credibility of user commitment to
build "good" government-like housing, or because households believed so.
Imitation of the formal models, however, varied according to the builder's
interpretation. For instance, the pattern of the detached dwelling was adopted,
but often one of the side yards was reduced to a physical separation between
the dwelling and the plot separation wall. More effective interpretations
involved enlarging the front porch or using the central circulation axis to allow
easy extension in the future.

The building approach of the permanent structure influenced the process of

evolution that followed. Basic units built by the housing agencies had a
compact, complete layout with higher standards of construction; however,
aspects of the design, such as internal dimensions, were inadequate for
household criteria, and the layout was not well adapted. Dwellings built
according to provided plans and specificationshad similar problems, but
households enlarged spaces and modified layouts when they were building the
units. The level of construction standards was also reduced since the lateral
façades of some dwellings were unfinished. Dwellings built totally by self-help
means were the largest permanent structures. Aspects of the design of the first

23
permanent structure allowed easy extension of the dwelling towards open
areas of the plot. More user participation was reflected in straight-forward
processes of evolution without internal modifications, and fewer stages to
reach the current houseform.

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 CONCLUSION

Therefore, playing defense of the ancient 2 can’t really affect the academic
performances of a student. Playing defense of the ancient 2 is just leisure to
the student. It’s up to to the student if he will really career playing defense of
the ancient 2 or if the student will let defense of the ancient 2 consume him/her.
And for the students, who play the game, they need guidance from their
parents in order to not abuse, take their studies for granted and they will not
consumed by the game.

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What parent think about defense of the ancients

that this would be a very good idea. However, we need to think about what
good this will do for children like us.

Parents in the Southeast Asia region strongly believe that playing video games
will not be beneficial to their kids. To quote a famous Singaporean Dota 2
player (hyhy) 's parents, "Gaming will be the death of you one day".

If you are able to change the minds of parents everywhere, go for it. Make this
dream a reality. If not, and you choose to set it up somewhere else, the kids in
SEA would feel like running away from home to play Dota and to join this
young league overseas.

Also, how would you get the funding for this? Will Valve and/or Steam fund this
league?

Finally, I personally feel that the award should be like a cash prize of some sort
as this might just be able to convince parents that something good can come
out of playing Dota.

Overall, I love this idea and will fully support it if implemented.

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 HOW STUDENT OFTEN DO PLAYING DEFENSE OF THE ANCIENTS

Addiction and the declining interest to go to school. Hence, it is highly recommended to DOTA players and
to those who have not been into the game yet, to refrain from playing the game and instead devote one’s full
attention to schooling so as not to get lost from the right track.

In the area of health, the interviewees were most likely on the verge of neglecting their physical fitness. One
respondent, Mr. Jayvon Rey Ave reasoned out that he often goes home very late at night since he is not
satisfied with a single match. “As long as someone is still playing, the game continues,” he said. That is where
he also first learned to smoke as his fellow DOTA players urged him to do so. (Personal communication,
November 15 2015)

On another point, excessive amount of time spent sitting in front of a computer exposes ones eyes to
ultraviolet radiation which can lead to poor eyesight. This is commonly the problem among DOTA addicts or
video game enthusiasts. Huge eye bags will start forming under the eyes after playing overnight. Moreover,
the body clock will adjust and result to insomnia, a condition of prolonged and usually abnormal inability to get
enough sleep. Worst case scenarios could lead to obesity due to the sedentary nature of the game. It does
not require strenuous physical movement thus fats continue to build up inside the body. In rare situations, the
person could experience weight loss due to fatigue and stress or simply by skipping meals. (Rayo, 2012)

Another issue faced by the students who are into this kind of obsession is the problem of relationship. More or
less, an intimate relationship is bound to end if DOTA takes the role of a third party. If both parties, the male
and female are inclined into the same game, arguments are lessened but communication is likewise
sacrificed . However, if it is the male who solely enjoys it, the female usually compromises to keep the
relationship going up to the time she gets tired of the reoccurring patterns. DOTA begins to compete with
their time spent together, and the love for each other will grow cold. Sadly, the guy will most likely choose
DOTA over her after some time.

This explains why songs of this theme came into being such as “Dota o Ako” and “Mas Mahal Mo Pa ang
Dota”. All of these only prove that the game itself is a threat to any relationship.

Therefore, a bit much of the computer “inevitably makes people more isolated and reduces social capital”.
Researchers have found out that great use of it was linked with “declines in social involvement and
psychological well-being.” (Unpacking Time Online, 1998)

In addition to that, students who are dependent on the game are known for his words. Trash-talking is first
promoted in a circle of youths playing together. Opponents use foul words against another as a form of insult
or boasting. (Rayo, 2012)

The individual unknowingly applies trash-talking in his everyday life. These words intended only during the play
become an indispensable part of a person’s speech. To support this, Jack Rodriguez wrote in his account, the
25 Signs of Dota Addiction. He implies that people who are obsessed with DOTA calls anything amazing as
“imba” as well as those which he thinks is annoying. Even when the occasion does not call for it as in a party

27
setting, the consumed one discusses his new plan, new strengths and weaknesses discovered, and how
‘imbalance’ everything is including the food.

He also mentioned a sign that determines which level of addiction a person is. He who sees humans as
appearances of Dota character, relates them to it and names them one-by-one is surely an indication of how
serious the addiction is.

Defense of the Ancients, believe it or not, greatly affects the state of our youth on a negative note. The
performances of students in the area of academics as well as the psychological, social, physical and emotional
well-being of those involved are slowly distorted by the temporary pleasures of playing the game. From the
very beginning, it has never been beneficial and will never be. DOTA, if given the power and control, leaves a
mark on every youth that could change lives for the worse. If, by any chance, the trace is seen in you, it is not
yet too late to turn away now.

Limitations OF STUDIES

Limitations are matters and occurrences that arise in a study which are out of the
researcher's control. They limit the extensity to which a study can go, and sometimes
affect the end result and conclusions that can be drawn. Every study, no matter how
well it is conducted and constructed, has limitations. This is one of the reasons why
we do not use the words "prove" and "disprove" with respect to research findings. It is
always possible that future research may cast doubt on the validity of any hypothesis
or conclusion from a study. Your study might have access to only certain people in an
organization, certain documents, and certain data. These are limitations. Subsequent
studies may overcome these limitations.

Limitations of Qualitative Studies

A limitation associated with qualitative study is related to validity and reliability.

“Because qualitative research occurs in the natural setting it is extremely difficult to
replicate studies” (Wiersma, 2000, p. 211). When you select certain methodologies
and designs, for example phenomenology, they come with limitations over which you
may have...

References

28
 Appendix A:Questionnaire Survey

1.What is your gender?

O Male O Female

2.What is your race/ethnicity

3.What type of high school do you attend?

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 O Public O Private

4.What was the population of the high school?

O 300 OR Less O 400-500 O 600-700

5.Are you Comfortable in your decided school?In what way?

6.Do you play defense of the Ancients 2?

O Yes O No

7.how many hour you spend in computer shop?

O 1hours O 2hours O 4hours

8.Are you happy playing defense of the Ancients 2 ?

O Yes O No

9.In playing Defense of the Ancients 2. Are you

Encounter trouble or rumble?

10.If you are playing Defense of the Ancients 2.

Do you consider your self as a pro gamer?

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 Appendix B:Interview Protocol

INSTRUCTION:ANSWER BRIEFLY THE FOLLOWING QUESTION

1. How can you describe defense of the Ancients game?

2. What did your parents think of online games?

3. How often do you play Defense of the Ancients 2?

31
 Curriculum Vitae

RISTER ZARAGOZA PANTOÑAL

XI-C BLK 5, BARANGAY Fatima,General Santos City

09553051428

Resterzaragozapantonal@yahoo.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

32
Birth date:March 03,2002

Sex: Male

Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: UPPER TAMBLER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 1

High school: FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Contribution:

The one that collects the information and also the the editor of the study

And also the leader of this study.

Curriculum Vitae

JHON V. ROMARATE

Lanton Apopong,General Santos City

33
 09053758068

jhonracilromarate@yahoo.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birth date:March 18,1999

Sex: Male

Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: Fatima Elem. School

High school: FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Contribution:

The one that collects the information and also editor the study

And also the member of this study.

34
 Curriculum Vitae

Harold A. Oliveros

NHA,Bayanihan, BARANGAY Fatima,General Santos City

09120563788

Haroldxdee123@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birth date:July 9,2001

Sex: Male

Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: Fatima Elem. School

High school: Fatima National High School

Contribution:

The one that collects the information and also helping to the leader of this study.

35
 Curriculum Vitae

Gregorio D. Hemperoso JR.

Zone 4, BARANGAY Fatima,General Santos City

09094144118

C.magaw@yahoo.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birth date:November 28,2001

Sex: Male

36
Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: UPPER TAMBLER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 2

High school: FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Contribution:

Helping to the leaders and giving an ideas in this study.

Curriculum Vitae

Mcgregy L. Capitay

NasaVillage, BARANGAY Fatima,General Santos City

09360326676

37
 Mcgregy@yahoo.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birth date:July 16,2002

Sex: Male

Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: Nasa Elemtary School

High school: FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Contribution:

Helping to the leaders and giving an ideas in this study.

38
 Curriculum Vitae

Kelvin S. Diola

Labus F2, BARANGAY Fatima,General Santos City

09466810446

Kelvindiola@yahoo.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birth date:may 8,2001

Sex: Male

Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: Fatima Elem.School

High school: FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Contribution:

Helping to the leader and giving ideas in this study.

39
 Curriculum Vitae

Ruel C. Tumamac

Prk21, BARANGAY Fatima,General Santos City

09301564875

Rueltumamac@yahoo.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Birth date:December 1,1999

40
Sex: Male

Nationality: Filipino

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: Fatima Elem school

High school: FATIMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Contribution:

Helping to the leader and giving ideas in this study.

41