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    Half and Full Subractor

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    guru20064040
    Experiment Name: Half Subtractor with Logic Gates and Full Subtractor with Half Subtractor Digital Electronics Lab Series – This series helpful to study and verify the characteristics and applications of digital IC’s by conducting experiments. This document includes: Theory, Objective, IC Pin Diagram, Experiment Procedure, and Calculation.

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    Public Domain

    Half and Full Subractor

    Uploaded by

    guru20064040
    5K views6 pages
    Experiment Name: Half Subtractor with Logic Gates and Full Subtractor with Half Subtractor Digital Electronics Lab Series – This series helpful to study and verify the characteristics and applications of digital IC’s by conducting experiments. This document includes: Theory, Objective, IC Pin Diagram, Experiment Procedure, and Calculation.

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    Experiment Name: Half Subtractor with Logic Gates and Full Subtractor with Half Subtractor Digital Electronics Lab Series – This series helpful to study and verify the characteristics and applications of digital IC’s by conducting experiments. This document includes: Theory, Objective, IC Pin Diagram, Experiment Procedure, and Calculation.

    Copyright:

    Public Domain
    5K views6 pages

    Half and Full Subractor

    Uploaded by

    guru20064040
    Experiment Name: Half Subtractor with Logic Gates and Full Subtractor with Half Subtractor Digital Electronics Lab Series – This series helpful to study and verify the characteristics and applications of digital IC’s by conducting experiments. This document includes: Theory, Objective, IC Pin Diagram, Experiment Procedure, and Calculation.

    Copyright:

    Public Domain
    of 6

    Half Subtractor using logic gates and Full Subtractor using of Half

    Subtractor

    Aim: Design and verify the logic circuit of Half Subtractor using logic gates.
    Design and verify the logic circuit Full Subtractor using of Half Subtractor.

    Objective:
    a. To understand the principle of binary subtraction.
    b. To understand and to differentiate half & full subtractor concept.
    c. Use truth table, Karnaugh map, and Boolean algebra theorems in
    Simplifying a circuit design
    d. To implement half subtractor and full subtractor circuit using logic gates

    Apparatus Required:

     Prototyping board (breadboard)


     DC Power Supply 5V
     Light Emitting Diode (LED)
     Digital ICs: 7408 :Quad 2 input AND
    7486: Quad 2 input EXOR
    7432: Quad 2 input OR
    7404: Hex inverter (NOT Gate)

     Connecting Wires

    Pin Diagram
    Half Subtractor:

    Fig 1: Pin Diagram of Half Subtractor

    INVENTIONS Page 1 of 6
    Full Subtractor:

    Fig 2: Pin Diagram of Full Subtractor

    Theory:
    Half Subtractor: The half-subtractor is a combinational circuit which is used to perform subtraction
    of two bits. It has two inputs, X (minuend) and Y (subtrahend) and two outputs D (difference) and B
    (borrow).

    Fig 3: Circuit Diagram of Half Subtractor

    Full Subtractor: A full Subtractor is combinational circuit that performs a subtraction between three
    bits, taking into account that a ‘1’ may have been borrowed by a lower significant stage. The 3 inputs
    denote minuend, subtrahend and previous borrow, respectively. The 2 outputs are difference (D) and
    borrow (B).

    INVENTIONS Page 2 of 6
    Fig 4: Circuit Diagram of Full Subtractor

    Procedure:

    1. Collect the components necessary to accomplish this experiment.


    2. Plug the IC chip into the breadboard.
    3. Connect the supply voltage and ground lines to the chips. PIN7 = Ground
    and PIN14 = +5V.
    4. According to the pin diagram of each IC mentioned above, make the connections according to
    circuit diagram.
    5. Connect the inputs of the gate to the input switches of the LED.
    6. Connect the output of the gate to the output LEDs.
    7. Once all connections have been done, turn on the power switch of the
    breadboard
    8. Operate the switches and fill in the truth table ( Write "1" if LED is ON and
    "0" if LED is OFF apply the various combinations of inputs according to the truth table and
    observe the condition of Output LEDs.

    Observation Table
    Half Subtractor: Input Variable: x, y
    Output Variable: D, B
    LED ON: RED Light: Logic 1
    LED OFF: Green Light: Logic 0

    INPUTS(LED) OUTPUT (LED)

    X Y D B

    INVENTIONS Page 3 of 6
    Full adder: Input Variable: A B BORin D BORout
    Output Variable: D, B
    LED ON: RED Light: Logic 1
    LED OFF: Green Light: Logic 0

    INPUT(LED) OUTPUT(LED)

    A B BORin D BORout

    Calculation
    Half Subtractor:
    KMap simplification-

    Difference:

    Borrow:

    Boolean expression

    Difference:
    Borrow:

    Full Subtractor
    K Map Simplification-

    Difference:

    INVENTIONS Page 4 of 6
    Borrow:

    Boolean Expression:

    Difference:
    Borrow:

    Result and Analysis: truth table verified as follows.


    Half Subtractor: Verified the truth table of Half Subtractor as D = 1 i.e. LED which is connected
    to D terminal glows when inputs are x y.
    Verified the truth table of Half Subtractor as B = 1 i.e. LED which is connected to B terminal
    glows when inputs are x y

    Full Subtractor: Verified the truth table of Full Subtractor as D = 1 i.e. LED which is connected to
    D terminal glows when inputs are X Y Bin
    Verified the truth table of Full Subtractor as BORout = 1 i.e. LED which is connected to BORout
    terminal glows when inputs are X Y BORin

    Conclusion:
    1. To add two bits we require one EXOR gate(IC 7486) to generate Difference and one AND
    (IC 7408) and NOT Gate(IC 7432) to generate Borrow.
    2. To add three bits we require two half subtractor.

    Lab Tutorials:
    1. Half Subtractor subtracts:
    a) 2 bits
    b) 1 bit
    c) 3 bit
    d) 4 Bit

    2. Full Subtractor subtracts:


    a) 1 Bit
    b) 2 Bits
    c) Three Bits
    d) None of above

    INVENTIONS Page 5 of 6
    3. The expression for difference of A, B in the half subtractor is given by:
    a) AB
    b) A B
    c) A+ B
    d) None of these

    4. Which expression for the difference of full subtractor circuit:


    a) AB
    b) A+B
    c) A B Ci
    d) None of these

    5. The expression for borrow of A, B in the half subtractor is given by:


    a) AB
    b) A + B
    c) AÐ B
    d) None of these

    6. Which expression for the Borrow of full subtractor circuit:


    a) AB
    b) A+B
    c) AB+Ci (A B)
    d) None of these

    7. FULL Subtractor requires:


    a) Two Half Subtractor
    b) One Half Subtractor
    c) Three half Subtractor
    d) None of the above

    8. The difference of 11001 and 10001 is


    2 2
    a) 10000
    b) 01000
    c) 00100
    d) 00001

    Short Answer Questions:


    Ques1: Implement half subtractor with NAND Gate only
    Ques2: Implement half subtractor with NOR Gate only
    Ques3: Implement full subtractor with NAND Gate only
    Ques4: Implement full subtractor with NOR Gate only
    Ques5: Implement full subtractor in Decoder

    _______________________

    INVENTIONS Page 6 of 6

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