DN001-PA-KJS-Design of Box Culvert For Group-1

National Highways
Vishvaraj Infrastructure Ltd. Authority of India
L&T Infrastructure Engineering Ltd.

Client:
Vishvaraj Infrastructure Limited
Project: Four laning of Chikhali – Tarsod section Project No.:
of NH 66 from km 360/000 to km 422/700 C1172701
Title: Document No.: Rev.:
Design of Box culvert for Group-1 DN001 PA
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our prior permission in writing.
Notes:
1.
Revision Details:
PA 26/07/2017 Preliminary KJS NRY PML

Init. Sign. Init. Sign. Init. Sign.
Rev. Date Details
Prepared Checked Approved
National Highways
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1
2 General Arrangement .....................................................................................................................1
3 Design Data and Assumptions ......................................................................................................2
4 References ......................................................................................................................................2
5 Design data .....................................................................................................................................4
6 Materials ..........................................................................................................................................4
7 Modelling of structure ....................................................................................................................5
7.1 Property Calculations ................................................................................................................5
7.2 Idealisation of supports .............................................................................................................6
8 Load Calculation .............................................................................................................................7
8.1 Dead load (DL) ..........................................................................................................................7
8.2 SIDL ..........................................................................................................................................7
8.3 Earth pressure (EP) ..................................................................................................................8
8.4 Live load Surcharge (LS) ..........................................................................................................8
8.5 Live Loads .................................................................................................................................9
8.6 Braking Force ......................................................................................................................... 19
8.7 Temperature Loads ................................................................................................................ 20
9 Check for base pressure ............................................................................................................. 20
10 Summary of STAAD result .......................................................................................................... 20
10.1 Summary of STAAD result at sec 1-1 .................................................................................... 23
11 Load Combination ....................................................................................................................... 29
11.1 ULS Load Combinations ........................................................................................................ 29
11.1.1 Summary of ULS load combination for Top slab ......................................................... 33
11.1.2 Summary of ULS load combination for Side wall ........................................................ 35
11.1.3 Summary of ULS load combination for Bottom slab .................................................... 36
11.2 SLS Load Combinations ........................................................................................................ 38
11.2.1 Summary of SLS load combination for Top slab ......................................................... 38
11.2.2 Summary of SLS load combination for Side wall ........................................................ 39
11.2.3 Summary of SLS load combination for Bottom slab .................................................... 40
12 Structural Design of Box Section .............................................................................................. 40
12.1 Design Parameters ................................................................................................................ 41
12.2 Design of Top slab ................................................................................................................. 41
12.2.1 Check for Ultimate limit state (ULS) ............................................................................ 42
12.2.2 Check for Serviceability limit state (SLS) ..................................................................... 48
12.3 Design of Side wall and Bottom slab ..................................................................................... 54
12.3.1 Check for ULS ............................................................................................................. 54
12.3.2 Check for SLS .............................................................................................................. 56
12.4 Summary of Reinforcement details ........................................................................................ 60
13 Calculation of Quantity of materials .......................................................................................... 61
Design of Box culvert for Group-1

C1172701- DN001- Rev PA [i]
National Highways
13.1 Concrete quantity ................................................................................................................... 61

13.2 Reinforcement Quantity ......................................................................................................... 62
14 Design Check Summary ............................................................................................................. 64
15 STAAD INPUT ............................................................................................................................... 69
16 Design data .................................................................................................................................. 72
17 Materials ....................................................................................................................................... 72
18 Modelling of structure ................................................................................................................. 73
18.1 Property Calculations ............................................................................................................. 73
18.2 Idealisation of supports .......................................................................................................... 74
19 Load Calculation .......................................................................................................................... 75
19.1 Dead load (DL) ....................................................................................................................... 75
19.2 SIDL ....................................................................................................................................... 75
19.3 Earth pressure (EP) ............................................................................................................... 76
19.4 Live load Surcharge (LS) ....................................................................................................... 76
19.5 Live Loads .............................................................................................................................. 77
19.6 Braking Force ......................................................................................................................... 87
19.7 Temperature Loads ................................................................................................................ 88
20 Check for base pressure ............................................................................................................. 88
21 Summary of STAAD result .......................................................................................................... 88
22 Load Combination ....................................................................................................................... 97
22.1 ULS Load Combinations ........................................................................................................ 97
22.1.1 Summary of ULS load combination for Top slab ....................................................... 101
22.1.2 Summary of ULS load combination for Side wall ...................................................... 103
22.1.3 Summary of ULS load combination for Bottom slab .................................................. 104
22.2 SLS Load Combinations ...................................................................................................... 106
22.2.1 Summary of SLS load combination for Top slab ....................................................... 106
22.2.2 Summary of SLS load combination for Side wall ...................................................... 107
22.2.3 Summary of SLS load combination for Bottom slab .................................................. 108
23 Structural Design of Box Section ............................................................................................ 108
23.1 Design Parameters .............................................................................................................. 109
23.2 Design of Top slab ............................................................................................................... 109
23.2.1 Check for Ultimate limit state (ULS) .......................................................................... 110
23.2.2 Check for Serviceability limit state (SLS) ................................................................... 116
23.3 Design of Side wall and Bottom slab ................................................................................... 122
23.3.1 Check for ULS ........................................................................................................... 122
23.3.2 Check for SLS ............................................................................................................ 124
23.4 Summary of Reinforcement details ...................................................................................... 128
24 Calculation of Quantity of materials ........................................................................................ 129
24.1 Concrete quantity ................................................................................................................. 129
24.2 Reinforcement Quantity ....................................................................................................... 130

C1172701- DN001- Rev PA [ii]
National Highways
25 Design Check Summary ........................................................................................................... 132

26 STAAD INPUT ............................................................................................................................. 137
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1 Structural System for Box Culvert ...........................................................................................2
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1- Detail of culverts .....................................................................................................................1

C1172701- DN001- Rev PA [iii]
National Highways
1 Introduction
The National Highways Authority of India is engaged in the development of National
Highways and as part of this endeavour, it has been decided to undertake “Four Laning of
Chikhali – Tarsod (Package IIA) Section of NH-6 from km 360.000 to Km 422.700 in the state
of Maharashtra under NHDP Phase IV on Hybrid Annuity Mode”. NHAI has awarded the
project to Vishvaraj Infrastructure Limited as Contractor.
Vishvaraj Infrastructure Ltd (Here after referred as Client) has appointed L&T Infrastructure
Engineering Limited, Chennai as the “Design Consultant” to carry out the Detailed
Engineering Design services for the project road.
2 General Arrangement
As per CA, 45 no’s of existing culverts and 25 culverts are reconstruction with box culverts and
17 no’s of existing Slab culverts are widened with box culverts and 4 no's of new culverts in this project.
As per span configuration given in CA as well as from inventory details, the culvert details
are grouped.
This report pertains to a detailed design of RCC box culvert for Group – 1 and the details of
culverts are as below
Table 2-1- Detail of culverts
Sr. Existing Chainage as Maximum Fill Minimum Fill Design Category

No. per CA Height (m) Height (m) as per fill Height
1 365+502 0.5 0.5 A
2 368+788 0.5 0.5 A
3 421+094 0.5 0.5 A
4 379+693 0.5 0.5 A
5 389+950 0.5 0.5 A
6 422+519 0.5 0.5 A
7 371+649 0.5 0.5 A
8 404+862 0.5 0.5 A
9 388+831 0.5 0.5 A
10 365+138 2.0 2.0 B

C1172701- DN001- Rev PA Page 1
National Highways
11 401+616 2.0 2.0 B
The typical general arrangement for box culvert is shown in the fig.1
Figure 2-1 Structural System for Box Culvert
3 Design Data and Assumptions

The design data such as loads, materials etc. are taken from latest design basis report (RP
006).
4 References
1. RP006-Design Basis Report-Structures
2. IRC: 6-2017, “Standard Specifications & code of practice for Road bridges;
Section II – Loads and Stresses”
3. IRC: 112-2011,” Code of Practice for Concrete Road bridges”
4. IRC : 78-2014, “Standard Specifications & code of practice for Road bridges;
Section VII – Substructure and Foundation”

C1172701- DN001- Rev PA Page 2
L&T INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING LIMITED
Doc No Date Page

Four Laning of Chikali-Tarsod section of NH-66 from km
Project:
360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17
Designed Checked Approved
C1172701 Design of Box Culvert for Group-1 (5.0 x 2.0m)
KJS NRY PML
Category A
Fill Height 0.5m
Doc No Date Page
Project:
360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 4
KJS NRY PML
5.0 Design data
Dimensions
Clear span = 5.0 m
Clear height = 2.0 m
Top slab thickness = 0.40 m
Bottom slab thickness = 0.40 m
Side wall thickness = 0.40 m
Height of fill (for Live load dispersion) = 0.50 m
Height of fill (for SIDL , Earth pressure calculation) = 0.50 m
Top & bottom haunch = 150 x 150 mm
Width of Structure = 25 m
Total Width =5.0+0.40×2 = 5.80 m
Total height =2.0+0.40+0.40 = 2.80 m
C/C width =5.0+0.40 = 5.400 m
C/C height =2.0+(0.40+0.40)/2 = 2.4 m
6.0 Materials (Refer Cl 3.1 of Design basis report)

a. Concrete
Table 6.5 Grade of concrete = M30

IRC 112 Modulus of elasicity = 3.1E+07 kN/m2
Poissons ratio = 0.20
Coefficient of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 /0C
Weight density = 25 kN/m3
b. Steel
Grade of steel = Fe500
Modulus of elasicity = 2.0E+08 kN/m2
Characteristic yield strength,fyk = 500 N/mm2
c. Soil
SBC = 150 kN/m2
Angle of internal friction = 30 Degrees
Unit weight of soil fill material = 20 kN/m3
d. Wearing Coat
Thickness of wearing coat = 65.00 mm
Thickness of Road crust (conservatively total fill ht considered) = 0.50 m
Wearing coat thickness (Future overlaying) = 0.1 m
Weight Density = 22.00 kN/m3
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7.0 Modelling of structure
Box Culvert is modelled as a line model shown in figure below and analysed in STAAD Pro
software and 1 m strip of the box is considered for modelling. Bottom slab is divided into equal
parts and Spring support is provided at base of slab and soil spring stiffness is calculated as per
"Foundation Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles
5.400
0.40
5.0
0.40
2.0 2.400
0.40
7.1 Property Calculations

Width considered for the model ( for1 m strip model) = 1m
a. Base slab
Area of cross section =0.4×1 = 0.400 m2
Moment of Inertia,Izz =1×0.4^3/12 = 0.0053 m4
Moment of Inertia,Iyy =0.4×1^3/12 = 0.0333 m4
b. Top slab
Area of cross section =1×0.4 = 0.400 m2
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c. Walls
d Haunch
Area of cross section = 0.011 m2
e Parapet wall
Thickness of head wall = 0.350
Height of head wall above FRL = 0.950
Height of head wall below FRL = 0.500
Total height of head wall = 1.450
7.2 Idealisation of supports

Refer "Foundation Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles
Modulus of subgrade reaction (Ks) = 40 x SF x qa
where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 150 kN/m2
The modulus of subgrade =40×2.5×150 = 15000 kN/m3
Bottom slab divided into = 27 parts

length of one divided portion of bottom slab = 0.2000 m
Stiffness at outer support (Type-1) =0.200/2×1×15000 = 1500.00 kN/m
Stiffness at interior supports (Type 2) =0.200×15000 = 3000.00 kN/m
Type-1
Type-2
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8.0 Load Calculation
The design loading for the bridge has been considered in accordance with IRC: 6 -2014
(Loads and Stresses) so as to sustain the most critical combinations of various loads,
forces and stress.
8.1 Dead load (DL)

Self weight of the top slab =0.400×25 = 10.00 kN/m
Self weight of the Bottom slab =25×0.400 = 10.00 kN/m
Self weight of the Side slab =0.400×25 = 10.00 kN/m
(Self wt command is used in STAAD for applying Dead load)
8.2 SIDL
Conservatively total fill height is considered as road crust including wearing coat.
Density of wearing coat is considered for road crust
Load due to road crust =(((0.50-0.1)×20)+(0.1×22.00))×0.65 = 6.63 kN/m
Weight of Crash Barrier = 12.69 kN/m
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8.3 Earth pressure (EP)
Since the side walls are effectively restrained against movement, At rest earth pressure is
considered for design. Coefficient of earth pressure at rest (k o) is calculated as per below formula
(Jaky's equation)
Coefficient of earth pressure at rest ko = 1-sinφ
ko = 0.50
0.700
7.00 kN/m²
3.100 m
31.00 kN/m² 12 kN/m²
Lateral Earth Pressure

Earth Pressure at top =0.500×20×0.700 = 7.00 kN/m2
Earth Pressure at bottom =0.500×20×3.100 = 31.00 kN/m2
8.4 Live load Surcharge (LS)

Live load surcharge of 1.2m ht fill is considered as per cl 214.1 of IRC 6-2014
Surcharge live load for EP Leading = 1.2 m
Surcharge live load (1.2m of earth fill) =0.500×20×1.2 = 12.00 kN/m2
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8.5 Live Loads
Calculation of effective width of loading
Live load dispersion has been considered for design as per annex B of IRC 112-2011.
The following live loads are considered for the design
Case 1: IRC CLASS 70R -Track Load 70T
Case 2 : IRC CLASS 70R - WHEELED VEHICLE - BOGIE LOAD (40T)
Case 3 : IRC Class 70R - wheeled vehicle
Case 4 : IRC Class A vehicle - single lane
Case 5 : IRC Class A vehicle - Two lane
The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along
transverse and longitudinal direction
Note : IRC Class A - three lane and IRC Class A + IRC 70R are not governing the design, hence
not presented in the design note.
Case 1: IRC CLASS 70R -Track Load 70T (At Mid Span)
Direction of Traffic
0.35
W2
W1 2.06 1.2
4.57 5.40
35 t 35 t
0.84 0.84
Dispersion of loads through fill is taken as 1:1

Height of soil fill+wearing coat thk = 0.500 m
Dispersed width of wheel 1 in the direction transverse of traffic direction (b1) = 1.84 m
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=+0.50+0.84+0.50
Calculation of effective width of loading (beff)

Effective Width of the load is computed using the formula
(As per IRC:112-2011, Annexure B-3)
beff =a x a x (1- a/lo) +b1
(b/ l0 ) =25/5.40 = 4.63

a (As per IRC:112-2011, Annex B-3) = 2.600
a =5.4/2 = 2.7 m
b1 = 1.84 m
beff =2.7×2.600×(1-(2.7/5.40))+1.84 = 5.35 m
If 5.35/2 > 1.03

Overlapping will occur
Length of overlap =0.5×(5.350-2.06) = 1.645 m
If 5.35/2 > 1.97 Overhanging will occur
= 0.705 m
So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+5.35+5.35-1.645×2-0.705 = 6.71 m
Dispersed length in the direction parallel of traffic direction (dL) = 5.570 m

=+0.500+4.57+0.500
Impact Factor As per IRC-6-2014, cl:208
Impact factor = 25.0 %

Total load = 700.00 kN
Load intensity =+700.00/(6.71×5.570) = 18.74 kN/m2
Load intensity after impact =+(1+25/100)×18.74 = 23.43 kN/m2
23.43 kN/m2
0.00 m 5.40 m 0.00 m

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Case 2 : IRC CLASS 70R - WHEELED VEHICLE - BOGIE LOAD (40T) (AT Mid Span)
0.35
1.93
1.2
0.263
W1 W2
10 t 10 t 1.22 5.4
W3
10 t W4
0.86 10 t

Dispersed width of wheel 1,3 in the direction transverse of traffic direction = 1.86 m
=+0.500+0.86+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.40 = 4.63

a =5.40/2-1.22/2 = 2.09 m
b1 = 1.86 m
beff =2.09×2.600×(1-(2.09/5.40))+1.86 = 5.19 m
If 5.19/2 > 0.965 Overlapping will occur
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Length of Overhanging = 0.615 m
So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+5.19+5.19-1.630×2-0.615 6.51 m
Dispersed length of wheel 3,4 in the direction parallel of traffic direction = 2.063 m
Length of overlap =0.5×(2.063-1.22) = 0.4215
So, the actual dispersed width (bL) =+2.063+2.063-0.4215×2 3.283 m
Impact factor = 25 %
Total load = 400 kN
Load intensity =+400/(6.51×3.28) = 18.73 kN/m2
23.41 kN/m2
0.00 m 3.28 m 0.00 m

0.20 m 5.00 m 0.20 m
Case 3 : IRC Class 70R wheeled vehicle (AT Mid Span)
1.93 1.2 0.35 Direction of Traffic
0.263 W1 W2 8.5 t
8.5 t 5.4
1.37
8.5 t W3 W4
0.86 8.5 t
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=+0.500+0.86+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.4 = 4.63

a =5.4/2-1.37/2 = 2.015 m
b1 = 1.86 m
beff =2.02×2.6×(1-2.015 /5.4 ) +1.86 = 5.14 m

=+0.500+0.263+0.500+0.40+0.40
Length of overlap = 0.3465
So, the actual dispersed width (bL) =+2.063+2.063-0.3465×2 = 3.433 m
As per IRC-6-2010, cl:208
Total load = 340 kN
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19.10 kN/m2
0.98 m 3.43 m 0.98 m

0.00 m 5.40 m 0.00 m

0.35
1.8 0.15
0.25 1 2
5.7 t
5.7 t 1.2 5.4
3
4
5.7 t
0.5 5.7 t

=+0.500+0.5+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.4 = 4.63

a =5.4/2-1.2/2 = 2.1 m
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b1 = 1.50 m
beff =2.10×2.6×(1-2.1 /5.4 ) +1.5 = 4.84 m


So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+4.840+4.840-1.52×2 4.97 m
=+0.500+0.25+0.500


Impact factor for class A = 39 %

Total load = 228 kN
19.69 kN/m2
1.08 m 3.25 m 1.08 m

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Project:
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Direction of Traffic 0.35
1.8 1.2 1.8 0.15

0.25 5.7 t 5.7 t 5.7 t 5.7 t
W1 W2 W3 W4
1.2 5.4
5.7 t
W5
5.7 t 5.7 t W6 0.25 W7 W8
5.7 t
0.5 0.5
25
=+0.500+0.5+0.500
=+0.500+0.5+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.4 = 4.63

a =5.4/2-1.2/2 = 2.1 m
b1 = 1.50 m
beff =2.10×2.6×(1-2.1 /5.4 ) +1.5 = 4.83 m

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So, the actual dispersed width (bL) for Lane 1 =+4.830+4.830-1.515×2 4.97 m
Dispersed width of wheel 1,2,5,6 in the direction transverse of traffic direction = 1.50 m
=+0.500+0.5+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.4 = 4.63

a =5.4/2-1.2/2 = 2.1 m
b1 = 1.50 m
beff =2.10×2.6×(1-2.1 /5.4 ) +1.5 = 4.84 m

So, the actual dispersed width (bP) for Lane 2 =+4.837+4.837-1.518333333×2 6.63 m
Check for overlapping lane 1 and lane 2 vehicle

So, the actual dispersed width (bP) for two lane combined 7.700 m
=+0.500+0.4+0.25+0.4+0.500
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Total load = 456 kN
Load intensity = 18.22 kN/m2
25.41 kN/m2
1.08 m 3.25 m 1.08 m

0.20 m 5.00 m 0.20 m
8.6 Braking Force
Braking Force is considered as per Cl.211.2 of IRC 6-2014
Note : The effect of braking force is full for zero earth cushion and it is considered zero for
earth cushion of 3m, hence for 0.5m cushion values are interpolated .
Class 70R - Tracked vehicle (70T) =0.2×18.74×5.570×(3-0.50)/3 = 17.4 kN/m
Class 70R - BOGIE LOAD (40T) =0.2×18.73×3.28×(3-0.50)/3 = 10.2 kN/m
Class 70R - Wheeled Vehicle =0.2×24.66×(15.28+0.00)×(3-0.50)/3 = 17.5 kN/m
Class A load (1 Lane) =0.2×10.81×4.10×(3-0.50)/3 = 7.6 kN/m
Class A load (2 Lane) #REF! = 9.9 kN/m
Braking force to be applied per m width in transverse direction = 17.48 kN/m
8.7 Temperature Loads

As structure is burried effect of temperature & Shrinkage is not considered in design.
9.0 Check for base pressure
Total base area = 5.80 m2
=+(5.80×0.40+5.80×0.40+2×2.0×
Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 156.00 kN/m
0.40)×25
Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 19.32 kN/m
Pressure on Base slab due to live load (IRC Class 70R Track Load) = 18.74 kN/m
Total pressure on base slab =+(156.00)/5.80+19.32+18.74 = 64.96 kN/m2/m
Allowable bearing capcity = 150.00 kN/m2
150.00 > 64.96
Safe
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10.0 Summary of STAAD result
The loads are applied in the STAAD model and the analysis is performed. Extracted results from
STAAD for critical location shown in figure are presented below.
sec 1-1 sec 1-1

sec 3-3
Top slab
sec 4a-4a
d
sec 2-2
Side wall
Side wall
sec 5-5
sec 6-6
sec 8-8 sec 9-9
d sec 4-4
Bottom slab
sec 7-7
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Shear force envelope for various loads
Sec 3-3
Sec 6-6
Sec 9-9
Bending moment envelope for various loads
Sec 1-1 Sec 2-2
Sec 4a-4a
Sec 5-5
Sec 8-8
Sec 4-4
Sec 7-7
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10.1 Summary of STAAD result at sec 1-1

"Beam no 39 at section 1 "
Axial Shear
Loads Force Force Moment
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load -6.753 -25 10.052
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.692 -31.725 14.911
3 SIDL (Variable) 0.361 -16.575 7.79
4 Live load 1 1.277 -58.575 27.53
5 Live load 2 4.709 -38.428 24.9
6 Live load 3 3.834 -32.757 20.838
7 Live load 4 3.96 -31.996 20.815
8 Live load 5 3.96 -31.996 20.815
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
10 Live load 7 0 0 0
11 Braking force 8.704 -4.195 10.446
12 Earth pressure 19.124 0.567 1.307
13 Live load surcharge 14.276 0 1.688
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 7.138 -2.85 7.969

"Beam no 38 at section 0.5 "
Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load -6.753 0 -21.198
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.692 0 -24.746
3 SIDL (Variable) 0.361 0 -12.929
4 Live load 1 1.277 0 -45.689
5 Live load 2 4.709 0 -39.629
6 Live load 3 3.834 0 -32.964
7 Live load 4 3.96 0 -33.178
8 Live load 5 3.96 0 -33.178
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 8.704 -4.195 -0.042
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12 Earth pressure 19.124 0.567 2.725

Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 7.138 -2.85 0.844

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load -6.753 -21.48 1.871
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.692 -27.258 4.53
3 SIDL (Variable) 0.361 -14.241 2.367
4 Live load 1 1.277 -50.328 8.363
5 Live load 2 4.709 -38.428 11.374
6 Live load 3 3.834 -32.757 9.308
7 Live load 4 3.96 -31.996 9.553
8 Live load 5 3.96 -31.996 9.553
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 8.704 -4.195 8.969
12 Earth pressure 19.124 0.567 1.507
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 7.138 -2.85 6.966

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 49 6.753 30.109
2 SIDL (Fixed) 34.263 -0.692 19.988
3 SIDL (Variable) 17.901 -0.361 10.443
4 Live load 1 63.261 -1.277 36.904
5 Live load 2 38.428 -4.709 22.225
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6 Live load 3 32.757 -3.834 18.954

7 Live load 4 31.996 -3.96 18.504
8 Live load 5 31.996 -3.96 18.504
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force -4.195 8.776 7.938
12 Earth pressure 0.567 20.476 -3.131
13 Live load surcharge 0 12.124 -0.679
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side -2.85 19.262 6.485
Summary of STAAD result at sec 4a-4a
Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 29 -6.753 -16.603
2 SIDL (Fixed) 34.263 0.692 -21.371
3 SIDL (Variable) 17.901 0.361 -11.165
4 Live load 1 63.261 1.277 -39.458
5 Live load 2 38.428 4.709 -31.644
6 Live load 3 32.757 3.834 -26.623
7 Live load 4 31.996 3.96 -26.423
8 Live load 5 31.996 3.96 -26.423
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 4.195 8.704 -9.544
12 Earth pressure -0.567 17.524 2.478
13 Live load surcharge 0 11.876 0.927
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 2.85 7.138 -7.111
Axial Shear Moment
Loads Force Force
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 39 -6.753 -23.356
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2 SIDL (Fixed) 34.263 0.692 -20.679

3 SIDL (Variable) 17.901 0.361 -10.804
4 Live load 1 63.261 1.277 -38.181
5 Live load 2 38.428 4.709 -26.935
6 Live load 3 32.757 3.834 -22.788
7 Live load 4 31.996 3.96 -22.463
8 Live load 5 31.996 3.96 -22.463
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 4.195 8.704 -0.841
12 Earth pressure -0.567 0.156 12.144
13 Live load surcharge 0 -0.124 6.803
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 2.85 7.138 0.027

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 45.95 6.753 28.05
2 SIDL (Fixed) 34.263 -0.692 20.199
3 SIDL (Variable) 17.901 -0.361 10.553
4 Live load 1 63.261 -1.277 37.294
5 Live load 2 38.428 -4.709 23.662
6 Live load 3 32.757 -3.834 20.124
7 Live load 4 31.996 -3.96 19.711
8 Live load 5 31.996 -3.96 19.711
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force -4.195 8.776 5.262
12 Earth pressure 0.567 12.096 -8.075
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side -2.85 15.602 1.169
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"Beam no 3 at section 1"
Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 0 -49.653 -21.729
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0 -32.661 -13.317
3 SIDL (Variable) 0 -17.064 -6.958
4 Live load 1 0 -60.303 -24.588
5 Live load 2 0 -36.612 -13.961
6 Live load 3 0 -31.21 -11.945
7 Live load 4 0 -30.484 -11.615
8 Live load 5 0 -30.484 -11.615
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 0 3.265 -10.347
12 Earth pressure 0 -0.48 -1.461
13 Live load surcharge 0 -0.038 -1.978
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 0 2.058 -10.99

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 0 4.187 32.268
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0 2.116 22.736
3 SIDL (Variable) 0 1.106 11.879
4 Live load 1 0 3.907 41.978
5 Live load 2 0 2.355 26.307
6 Live load 3 0 2.008 22.388
7 Live load 4 0 1.961 21.912
8 Live load 5 0 1.961 21.912
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 0 -7.129 0.681
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12 Earth pressure 0 1.351 -2.992

Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 0 -6.437 -0.169

"Beam no 67 at section 0.5"
Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 0 -39.675 -8.994
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0 -26.561 -4.75
3 SIDL (Variable) 0 -13.877 -2.482
4 Live load 1 0 -49.04 -8.77
5 Live load 2 0 -29.719 -4.369
6 Live load 3 0 -25.336 -3.768
7 Live load 4 0 -24.744 -3.629
8 Live load 5 0 -24.744 -3.629
9 Live load 6 0 0 0
11 Braking force 0 0.077 -10.671
12 Earth pressure 0 -0.137 -1.386
13 Live load surcharge 0 -0.143 -1.944
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 0 -0.63 -11.054
11.0 Load Combination

Load Combination for Limit state shall be as per annex B of IRC 6-2014 . The following
Limit states are considered below.
i) Ultimate limit state - ULS
ii) Serviceability limit state - SLS
11.1 ULS Load Combinations

Ultimate limit state load combination shall be calculated as per table 3.2 of IRC 6-2014
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SIDL
Sl.No Combination DL (Fixed) SIDL (Var) LL BF EP LS
G 1 (live load
1 leading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50 1.5 1.5 1.2
G 1a (live load
2 leading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50 -1.5 1.5 1.2
G 2 (LL
3 Accompanying) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.15 1.5 1.2
G 2a (LL
4 Accompanying) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.15 -1.15 1.5 1.2
G 3 (LS on one
5 side & LL leading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.500 1.5 1.5 1.2
G 4 (LS on one
6 side & EPleading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.15 1.5 1.2
DL - Dead load WC - Pavement layer BF-Braking force
SIDL - Super imposed DL LL - Live load EP - Earth pressure
LS-Live load surcharge
Bending moment diagram for combination G1-LL leading

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Bending moment diagram for combination G 1a-LL leading
Bending moment diagram for combination G 2-LL Accompanying

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Bending moment diagram for combination G 2a -LL Accompanying
Bending moment diagram for combination G 3-LL leading + LS on one side

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Bending moment diagram for combination G 4 -EP leading + LS on one side
11.1.1 Summary of ULS load combination for Top slab
Maximum Hogging Moment at Top Slab - sec 1-1

Factored
Moment-
S.No Description
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 58.4 -198.9 108.3
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 32.3 -186.3 76.9
3 G 2 (LL Accompanying) 53.7 -176.9 95.0
4 G 2a (LL Accompanying) 33.7 -167.3 71.0
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL leading) 49.8 -202.3 115.8
6 G 4 (LS on one side & EPleading) 45.1 -180.3 102.5
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Maximum Sagging moment at Top Slab - sec 2-2

Factored
S.No Description Moment-
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 51.3 -5.4 -147.1
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 25.2 7.1 -147.0
3 G 2 (LL Accompanying) 48.3 -4.0 -131.1
4 G 2a (LL Accompanying) 28.3 5.7 -131.0
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL 1 leading) 42.8 -8.9 -148.1
6 G 4 (LS on one side & EPleading) 39.7 -7.4 -132.1
Maximum Shear force at Top Slab - sec 3-3
For top slab shear check, Shear Force due to live load is not considered
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 38.3 -89.9 17.1
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 38.3 -89.9 17.1
Note : +ve moment indicates Hogging moment (tension at top of top slab)
-ve moment indicates Sagging moment (tension AT bottom of top slab)
11.1.2 Summary of ULS load combination for Side wall
Maximum Moment at Earth side of wall - sec 4-4
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 233.2 66.0 147.7
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 245.8 39.6 123.8
3 G 2 (LL Accompanying) 212.5 62.9 132.0
4 G 2a (LL Accompanying) 222.2 42.7 113.7
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL leading) 229.8 74.5 156.3
6 G 4 (LS on one side & EPleading) 209.1 71.5 140.6
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Maximum Moment at Earth side of wall - sec 4a-4a
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 122.2 46.0 -139.5
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 109.6 19.9 -110.8
3 G 2 (LL Accompanying) 120.7 43.0 -122.3
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL 1 leading) 125.6 40.4 -149.1
6 G 4 (LS on one side & EPleading) 124.1 37.3 -132.0
Maximum Moment at Inner side of wall - sec 5-5
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 135.7 5.6 -110.5
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 123.1 -20.5 -108.0
4 G 2a (LL Accompanying) 124.6 -17.5 -94.9
Maximum Shear force at side of wall - sec 6-6
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 134.2 49.0 130.7
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 146.8 22.7 115.0
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL 1 leading) 130.8 57.6 136.7
Note : -ve moment indicates tension at earth side of side wall
+ve moment indicates tension at inner side of side wall
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11.1.3 Summary of ULS load combination for Bottom slab

Maximum Moment at bottom of bottom slab - sec 7-7
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -227.3 -116.5
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -237.1 -85.4
Maximum Moment at top of bottom slab - sec 8-8
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 0.0 7.7 152.6
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 0.0 29.1 150.5
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL 1 leading) 0.0 -0.1 154.3
Maximum Shear force for bottom slab - sec 9-9
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -187.5 -56.5
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -187.8 -24.5
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Note : -ve moment indicates tension at bottom of bottom slab

+ve moment indicates tension at top of bottom slab
11.2 SLS Load Combinations
Serviceability limit state load combination shall be calculated as per table 3.3 of IRC 6-2014
Load combination and load factors
SIDL
Sl.No Combination DL LL BF EP LS
(Fixed) SIDL (Var)
Rare - 1 (LL
1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.00 1.0 1.0 0.8
leading)
Rare - 1 a (LL
2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.00 -1.0 1.0 0.8
leading)
Rare - 3 (LS on
3 one side +LL 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.00 1.0 1.0 0.8
leading)
4 Quasi permanent 1.0 1.0 1.2 0 0 1.0 0
Note : In combination, Temp fall or Temp rise load is combined with others loads to get
worst effect.
Temp rise and shrinkage effect should not be combined
11.2.1 Summary of SLS load combination for Top slab

Factored
Moment-
S.No Description
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 38.3 -138.8 74.9
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 20.9 -130.4 54.1
3 Rare -2 (LS on one side +LL2 leading) 32.6 -141.1 80.0
4 Quasi permanent 13.5 -76.0 35.6

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 33.6 -3.6 -103.1
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 16.2 4.8 -103.0
3 Rare -2 (LS on one side +LL2 leading) 27.9 -5.9 -103.8
4 Quasi permanent 13.5 0.6 -58.7
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11.2.2 Summary of SLS load combination for Side wall

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 164.4 44.6 103.8
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 172.8 27.0 87.9
3 Rare -2 (LS on one side +LL2 leading) 162.1 50.3 109.5
4 Quasi permanent 105.3 26.1 59.5
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 88.4 30.1 -97.2
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 80.0 12.7 -78.1
3 Rare -2 (LS on one side +LL2 leading) 90.7 26.3 -103.6

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 98.4 3.1 -78.4
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 90.0 -14.3 -76.8
4 Quasi permanent 94.2 -5.5 -44.9
11.2.3 Summary of SLS load combination for Bottom slab

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 0.0 -160.3 -81.4
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 0.0 -166.9 -60.7
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Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 0.0 5.8 107.6
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 0.0 20.0 106.3
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12.0 Structural Design of Box Section

Box Culvert is designed for Ultimate limit state and Serviceability limit state. In ultimate limit
state, It is checked for flexure and shear. In Serviceability limit state,it is checked for
stress and crack width.
Top slab ,Side wall and bottom slab are designed as a flexure member,ignoring the axial forces
conservatively.
12.1 Design Parameters
Grade of concrete fck = M30
Grade of reinforcement steel fyk = Fe500
Grade of steel for stirrups fywk = Fe500
Tensile strength of concrete Table 6.5 of IRC 112 fctm = 2.5 MPa
Partial safety factor for concrete for Basic & Seismic comb. γm = 1.5
Partial safety factor for reinforcement γs = 1.15
Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 
 fck
m
Factor Cl 6.4.2.8 of IRC 112-2011 α = 0.67

Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 13.4 MPa
Design tensile strength of reinforcement fyd = 434.8 MPa
Design tensile strength of reinforcement stirrups fywd = 434.8 MPa
Secant modulus elasticity of Concrete Ecm = 31 GPa
Elastic modulus of Steel Es = 200 GPa
Ultimate compressive strain in concrete table 6.5 of IRC 112 εcu3 = 0.0035
Ultimate tensile strain in steel εst = 2.17.E-03
limiting neutral axis to depth ratio
limiting neutral axis to depth ratio Xu,max / d = 0.617

12.2 Design of Top slab
Top slab
Side wall
Side wall
Bottom slab
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Width of cross section b = 1000 mm

Depth of slab D = 400 mm
Clear cover , moderate condition (Table 14.2 of IRC 112) c = 40 mm
From Load combination (Sec 9.0 of Design note)
Maximum sagging moment at sec 2-2- ULS = 148.1 kNm

Maximum hogging moment at sec 1-1 - ULS = 115.8 kNm
Maximum shear force at d distance from wall (sec 3-3) - ULS = 93.3 kN
Maximum sagging moment at sec 2-2- SLS Rare combination = 103.8 kNm
Maximum hogging moment at sec 1-1 - SLS Rare combination = 80.0 kNm
Maximum sagging moment at sec 2-2- SLS Quasi permanent LC = 58.7 kNm
Maximum hogging moment at sec 1-1 - SLS Quasi permanent LC = 35.6 kNm
12.2.1 Check for Ultimate limit state (ULS)
12.2.1.1 Check for flexure - ULS
Flexure shall be checked as per Cl A2.9 point 2 and Cl 6.4.2.8 of IRC 112-2011.
Rectangular stress distribution as given in fig A2.4 of IRC 112-2011 is considered for design of
cross section.
b η.fcd εcu3
Fc
Compression x λx
d
z
Tension
Ast
Fs
εs
Stress Strain
distribution distribution
a) Check for Sagging moment at sec 2-2

Maximum sagging moment Mu = 148 kNm
Factor Cl A2.9 of IRC 112-2011 λ = 0.8
Factor Cl A2.9 of IRC 112-2012 η = 1.0
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Depth required
Depth required dreqd = 172.5 mm
Sagging Reinforcemnent details (Assumed)

Diameter of reinforcement for sagging moment (dia 1) Φ1 = 16 mm
Diameter stirrups if any = 0 mm
Effective depth provided for sagging =+400-40-16/2-0 d = 352 mm
dreqd < 352 mm
Hence depth is adequate
limiting neutral axis depth Xu,max = 217 mm
Limiting moment of resistance Mu,lim = 617 kNm
To find Area of reinforcement

Equating Ultimate moment to the
Moment of resistance section
solving above equation, value of neutral axis
Equating compressive force and tensile force of c/s Fc = Fs
Substituting the value of x in above equation,
Area of tensile reinforcement
Neutral axis depth x = 41.19 mm
x < xu,max
Under reinforced section

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Area of reinforcement required = 1016 mm2
Ast =+1.0×13.4×0.8×1000×41.19/435
Check for Minimum Reinforcement
Clause 16.5.1.1 of IRC 112-2011
Minimum area of reinforcement 0.26*(fctm/fyk)*bt*d >0.0013btd = 457.6 mm2
Maximum area of reinforcement =0.025Ac =0.025×1000×400 = 10000 mm

2
2
Area of reinforcement required = 1016 mm
Diameter of bar 1 = 16 mm
2
Area of bar 1 = 201 mm
2
Spacing of reinforcement bar 1 s = 175 mm
Maximum spacing of main reinforcement, as per cl 16.6.1.1 IRC 112 = 250 mm
2
Total area of reinforcement provided Ast pro = 1149 mm
2
1149 mm > 1016 mm
Hence OK
Check moment capacity of section for provided reinforcement

Netural axis depth of section x
=+(435×1149)/(1.0×13.4×0.8×1000) = 46.60 mm
Lever arm z
=+(352-(0.8×46.60/2)) = 333.36 mm
Moment capacity of section MuR = 167 kNm
MuR > 148 kNm
Hence OK
Provide Y16 mm dia @ 175 mm spacing at bottom of top slab
Distribution Reinforcement
20% of Main Reinforcement, IRC:112-2011,clause 16.6.1.1, = 230 mm
2
Diameter of Secondary Reinforcement = 10 mm

Area of reinforcement = 79 mm
2
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Maximum spacing of distribution reinforcement = 400 mm
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 300 mm
2
Area of reinforcement provided = 262 mm
230 < 262
Hence OK
Provide Y10 mm dia @ 300 mm spacing at perpendicular to main
reinforcement
b) Check for Hogging moment at sec 1-1

Maximum hogging moment Mu = 115.8 kNm
Depth required dreqd = 152 mm
Hogging Reinforcemnent details (Assumed)
Diameter of reinforcement for Hogging moment (dia 1) Φ1 = 12 mm
Diameter of reinforcement for hogging moment (dia 2) Φ2 = 16 mm
Effective depth for hogging =+400-40-12/2-0 d' = 354 mm
dreqd < 354 mm

Limiting neutral axis depth Xu,max = 218.37 mm
x < xu,max
=+1.0×13.4×0.8×218.37×1000×(354-(0.8×218.37×0.5))/10^6
Area of reinforcement required Ast = 780 mm2

Clause 16.5.1.1 of IRC 112-2011
2
2
2
2
Area of bar 2 201 mm
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Spacing of reinforcement bar 1 = 200 mm

Spacing of reinforcement bar 2 200 mm
Maximum spacing of main reinforcement, as per cl 16.6.1.1 = 250 mm
2
Area of reinforcement provided Ast pro = 1571 mm
2
1571 sqmm > 780 mm
Hence OK

=+(435×1571)/(1.0×13.4×0.8×1000) = 63.71 mm
Lever arm z
=+(354-(0.8×63.71/2)) = 328.52 mm
MuR > 116 kNm
Hence OK
Provide Y12 mm dia @ 200 mm spacing at top of top slab
20% of Main Reinforcement = 314.16 mm
2

2

Ast provided = 377 mm
2
314 < 377

OK
reinforcement
12.2.1.2 Check for Shear - ULS

Since top slab is designed as per effective width concept, Shear force due to live load is not
considered.Refer annex B3.2 of IRC 112-2011.
Case 1 - Members not requiring design shear reinforcement

Design shear resistance of section without shear reinforcement
Minimum VRd,c
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Factor K = 1.75
percentage of main reinforcement ρ1 = 0.0044
Axial compressive force NED = 0.00 kN

2
Area of cross section Ac = 354000 mm
Compressive stress of concrete σcp = 0.00 MPa
σcp ≤ 0.2 fcd = 2.68 MPa
There fore σcp = 0.00 MPa
Design shear resistance of concrete without shear reinforcement

VRD,c = 162 kN
VRD,c min = 139 kN
Design shear resistance of concrete without shear reinforcement = 162 kN
Maximum shear force VEd = 93 kN

VRD,c > VEd
Shear reinforcement not required

Check for crushing failure of compression strut
Maximum shear strength of concrete strut
Factor depending on σcp αcw = 1.000
Equating VEd to VRd,max Ref cl 10.3.3.1 of IRC 112
Inclination of Comp. strut to horizontal axis
Equating VEd to VRd,max Ref cl 10.3.3.1 of IRC 112 θ 2 degree

Maximum value of Inclination θ max = 45 degree
Minimum value of Inclination θ min = 21.8 degree
hence ,Inclination of compression strut with horizontal axis θ = 21.8 degree
lever arm 0.9d z = 319 mm
strength reduction factor, eqn 10.6 of IRC 112-2011 v = 0.54
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Maximum shear strength of concrete strut VRd,max = 798 kN
VRd,max > VEd
12.2.2 Check for Serviceability limit state (SLS)

12.2.2.1 Check for Stress limitation - SLS
Stress limitation shall be checked for Rare combination as per Cl 12.2 of IRC 112-2011.
Allowable compressive stress in concrete under Rare combination = 0.48fck

σcc = 14.40 MPa
Allowable compressive stress in concrete under quasi permanent loads = 0.36fck

σcc = 10.80 MPa
Allowable tensile stress in reinforcement σst = 0.8fyk

σst = 400 MPa
Calculation of stress in concrete and reinforcement

Stress in concrete and reinforcement are calculated with this assumptions
1) Part of concrete area which is in tension completely neglected.
2) Reinforcement provided in compression area is not considered.
To find stress
Neutral axis depth calculated by equating first moment of compression area to first moment of
tension area
Cracked second moment of area of cross section shall be calculated as given below
Stress in concrete and reinforcement calculated using bending equation
Maximum compressive stress in concrete
Maximum tensile stress in reinforcement
i) Check for Stress at maximum sagging moment

Notional size ho = 286 mm
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Creep coefficient at 28 days RH = 80% table 6.9 of IRC 112 = 1.66

Long term modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec,eff = 11637 MPa
Long term modular ratio m = Es/Ec,eff = 17.19
Short term modular ratio m = Ecm/Es = 6.45
Maximum sagging moment under Rare combination M = 103.8 kNm

Maximum sagging moment under Quasi permanent comb M = 58.7 kNm
Stress calculation for Long term effect

4
Cracked second moment of area of cross section Ic = 1.6.E+09 mm
Maximum compressive stress in concrete under Rare comb σcc = 6.53 MPa
Maximum tensile stress in reinforcement under Rare comb σst = 283.42 MPa
Maximum compressive stress in concrete under Quasi comb σcc = 3.69 MPa
Maximum tensile stress in reinforcement under Quasi comb σst = 160.39 MPa
Stresses are within permissible limlt
Stress calculation for short term effect

4
ii) Check for Stress at maximum hogging moment

Maximum hogging moment under Rare combination M = 80 kNm
Maximum hogging moment under Quasi permanent combination M = 36 kNm

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4
Cracked second moment of area Ic = 2.0.E+09 mm
Maximum compressive stress in concrete under Rare comb σc = 4.44 MPa

Maximum tensile stress in reinforcement under Rare comb σs = 161.09 MPa
Maximum compressive stress in concrete under Quasi comb σc = 1.98 MPa

Maximum tensile stress in reinforcement under Quasi comb σs = 71.75 MPa

4


12.2.2.2 Check for Crack width - SLS

Crack width shall be checked for quasi permanet combination as per cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112-2011
Maximum permissible value of crack width for moderate exposure = 0.30 mm
i) Check for crackwidth at maximum sagging moment
Tensile strength of concrete fct,eff = 2.5 MPa

Depth of neutral axis x = 99.80 mm
Effective height of concrete in tension hceff = 100.07 mm
2
Area of concrete effective in tension Aceff = 100066 mm
Modular ratio αe = 6.45
Factor dependent on duration of load kt = 0.5
Coefficient which takes account of bond properties of bonded reinforcement
k1 = 0.8
Coefficient which takes account of distribution of Strain k2 = 0.5
Diameter of reinforcement bar 1 Φ1 = 16 mm
Number of bar 1 per m width n1 = 6 nos
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Equivalent diameter of reinforcement Φ = 16 mm
Factor ρρ,eff = 0.0115
Maximum crack spacing
Maximum tensile stress in R/F under quasi load combination σst = 160.39 MPa
(Note : R/F means- Reinforcement)
Maximum crack spacing Sr,max = 373 mm
Difference in mean strain
Difference in mean strain εsm-εcm = 0.0005
Crack width Wk = 0.179 mm

Crack width 0.179 < 0.30 mm
Crack width is within permissible limit
Minimum Reinforcement for Crack Control
As min = kc * k * fct,eff * Act / ss (Refer IRC:112-2011, Cl 12.3.3)
As min = Minimum area of reinforcing steel within the tensile zone
Act = Area of concrete within tensile zone
ss = Maximum stress permitted in the reinforcement immediately after formation of the crack
fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of the concrete = f ctm
k= Coefficient which allows for the effect of non-uniform self equilibrium stresses
kc = Coefficient which takes account of stress distribution within the section just prior to cracking
kc = 0.4 x [ 1 - sc /( k1 x ( h/h* ) x fct,eff )]
0.36 fck
Compreesion Zone
xu Tensile zone Ast
b fctm
Xu = 66.17 mm
2
Act = 66165 mm
2
( IRC:112-2011, Table 12.2) ss = 240 N / mm
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2
Xu= (fctm*d)/(0.36*fck+fctm) fct,eff = 2.50 N / mm
k = 1
kc = 0.4
2
As min = 276 mm
2
Ast Provided 1149 mm
Hence OK
ii) Check for crackwidth at maximum hogging moment

Effective height of concrete in tension hceff = 95 mm
2
k1 = 0.8
factor ρρ,eff = 0.0165


As min = kc * k * fct,eff * Act / ss
Xu = 66.54 mm
2
Act = 66541 mm
2
ss = 240 N / mm
2
fct,eff = 2.50 N / mm
k = 1
kc = 0.4
2
As min = 277 mm
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2
Hence OK
12.2.2.3 Check for Deflection

Deflection Shall be Checked as per Cl. 12.4 of IRC 112-2011
Actual Deflection at top slab due to Live Load - Class 70 R Tracked = 2.68 mm
Allowable Deflection = Span/800

=5.40×1000/800 = 6.750 mm
6.75 > 2.68
Deflection is within limit
12.3 Design of Side wall and Bottom slab

Design calculation of side wall and bottom slab are similar to the top slab and presented in the
below table.
12.3.1 Check for ULS

Side Wall (Earth
Bottom slab
Face ) Remarks /
Description units
Reference
Support Mid Bottom Top
Width(b) mm 1000 1000 1000 1000

Depth (D) mm 400 400 400 400
Clear cover (c) mm 75 75 75 40
Dia of bar 1 mm 16 16 12 10
Dia of bar 2 mm 12 0 16 16
Dia of links if any mm 0 0 8 8
Effective depth (d) mm 317 317 309 344
a) Check for flexure
Mu kNm 156.3 119 127.3 154 Refer load comb.

Xu,max mm 196 196 191 212 =+0.617×344
Factor η 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Refer A2.9 of IRC 112-2011
Factor λ 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Depth required mm 177 154 160 176 dreqd < dprov
Depth is adquate
Mu,limit kNm 501 501 476 589
Netural axis Xu for Mu
Xu mm 49.01 36.60 40.55 44.12 Xu < Xu,max

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Under reinforced
Ast required for Mu
Ast required mm2 1208 902 1000 1088

2
Min Ast mm 412.1 412.1 401.7 447.2 Cl 16.6.1.1of IRC 112
2
Max Ast mm 10000 10000 10000 10000 Cl 16.5.1.1of IRC 112
2
Ast Required mm 1208 902 1000 1088
Dia of bar 1 mm 16 16 12 10
Dia of bar 2 mm 12 0 16 16
Spacing of bar 1 mm 200 200 200 200
OK
Max spacing b/w 250 250 250 250
bars mm Cl 16.6.1.1of IRC 112
2
Ast provided mm 1571 1005 1571 1398 Ast pro > Ast reqd
OK
Xu for Ast provided mm 63.7 40.8 63.7 56.7
Lever arm z mm 291.5 300.7 283.5 321.3
MuR for Ast pro kNm 199 131 194 195 MuR > Mu
OK
Distribution reinforcement - 20 % of main reinforcement
Ast, distribution mm2 314 201 314 280 =+1398×0.2
Diameter of bar mm 12 10 12 10
Spacing of bar (spro) mm 300 300 300 250
2
OK
Max spacing (smax) mm 300 300 400 400 Smax > Spro
OK
b) Check for shear ,Cl 10.3 of IRC 112 - 2011
Remarks /
Description units Side wall Bottom slab
Reference
Max Shear VEd kN 58 188
Shear resistance of concrete
bw mm 1000 1000
ρ1 0.005 0.0051 ρ1 ≤ 0.02
K 1.79 1.80 K≤2
Axial force NED kN 0 0
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C/S area Ac mm2 317000 309000

Concrete comp. σcp MPa 0.00 0.00 σcp < 0.2fcd
VRd,c kN 155 153
VRd,c min kN 129 127
so ,VRd,c 155 153

kN max of VRd,c and VRd,c min
Shear R/F
Not required R/F required
requirement
VRd,c < VEd Shear R/F is required
Max shear capacity of concrete strut
Concrete comp. σcp MPa 0.00 0.00 =+0×1000/317000

Factor αcw 1.00 1.00
lever arm z mm 285 278 z = 0.9 d
Strength reduction 0.54 0.54 eqn 10.6 of IRC 112

facor v
Inclination of Compression strut
Inclination of
Compression strut θ degree 1.6 5.4
Max θ degree 45 45 Cl10.2.2.2 of IRC 112
Min θ degree 21.8 21.8
hence θ degree 21.8 21.8
VRd,max kN 714 696 VRd,max > VEd
Safe against brittle failure
Since the difference between Ved and VRd,c is marginal shear reinforcement is provided
Shear Reinforcement calculation
Dia of links d mm 0 8
No of legs 1 1
2
Area of one links mm 0 50
Spacing of links st mm 200 100 Transverse spacing
Spacing of links sl mm 200 200 Longitudinal spacing
No of links per m in
mm 5 10
Transverse direction
Total Area Asw in

Transverse direction mm2 0 503 =+50×10
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Shear capcity of reinforcement
VRd,s kN 0 760 VRd,s > VEd

OK
Max Spacing long. Cl 16.5.2 of IRC 112
sl.max mm 238 232 (Vertical Stirrups α=90)
Max Spacing trans.
st.max mm 238 232 s max > s pro
OK
Shear R/F ratio ρw 0.0000 0.0025
min ratio ρw,min 0.0008 0.0008 ρw > ρw,min
OK
Inner face of side wall

Bending Moment on inner face is not present, hence minimum Reinforcemet Provided
on inner face of side wall
Clause 16.5.1.1 of IRC 112-2011
Clear Cover to main Reinforcement = 40 mm
Effective Depth d = 354 mm
565 mm > 460 mm
Hence OK
Provide Y12 mm dia @ 200 mm spacing at inner face of side wall
2
Distribution Reinforcement in top slab - 20% of Main Reinforcement = 113 mm
2

2
113 < 262
Hence OK
12.3.2 Check for SLS

a) Check for stress limitation
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Side Wall (Earth
Bottom slab
Face ) Remarks /
Description units
Reference
Max moment - Rare kNm 110 84 89 109

From load combinations
Max moment - Quasi kNm 59 45 45 66
Permissible stress limitation - Rare combination Cl 12.2 of IRC 112-2011
Compressive stress MPa
in concrete σc 14.40 14.40 14.40 14.40 0.48 fck
Tensile stress in
MPa
reinforcement σst 400 400 400 400 0.8 fyk
Permissible stress limitation - Ouasi permanent combination
Compressive stress
MPa
Tensile stress in
MPa
Calculation of Stress in concrete and reinforcement
c/s area Ac mm2 400000 400000 400000 400000 =+1000×400
Perimeter u mm 2800 2800 2800 2800 =2×(1000+400)
Notional size ho mm 286 286 286 286 ho = 2Ac / u
Age of Loading to days 28 28 28 28
Creep coefficient 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65
Ec,eff (long term) MPa 11698 11698 11698 11698 =+31×1000/(1+1.65)
Ecm (Short term) MPa 31000 31000 31000 31000
Modular ratio m
(Long term) 17.10 17.10 17.10 17.10 =+200×1000/11698
Modular ratio m
(short term) 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.45 =+200×1000/31000
2
Ast provided mm 1571 1005 1571 1398
Stress calculation for Rare combination-Long term effect
Depth of neutral axis x
Depth of neutral axis mm 106 89 105 107
Cracked moment of Inertia
Ic mm4 1.6.E+09 1.1.E+09 1.5.E+09 1.8.E+09
Stress in concrete and R/F
σc - Rare comb MPa 7.31 6.58 6.17 6.62 σc < 0.48fck

σst - Rare comb MPa 247.66 290.17 205.75 252.26 σst < 0.8fyk
Stress calculation for Quasi permanent combination-Long term effect
σc - Quasi comb MPa 3.97 3.52 3.12 4.03 σc < 0.36fck
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σst - Quasi comb MPa 134.53 155.22 104.19 153.66 σst < 0.8fyk
Stresses are within permissible limit
Stress calculation for Rare combination-Short term effect

Depth of neutral axis mm 70.66 57.97 69.65 70.27
4
Ic mm 7.3.E+08 5.0.E+08 6.9.E+08 7.9.E+08
Stress calculation for Quasi permanent combination-Short term effect
Check for Crack width - Quasi permanent

Permissible limit mm 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 Moderate exposure
Effective ht hceff mm 98 104 98 98 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112

Aceff mm2 97878 103798 98419 97819
αe 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.45 Ratio of Es/Ecm
Factor kt 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112
Factor k1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112
Factor k2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112
Dia of bar 1 mm 16 12 12 10
No of bar 1 nos 6 6 6 6
Dia of bar 2 mm 12 0 16 16
Equivalent dia Φ mm 14 12 14 14 Eq 12.9 of IRC 112
Factor ρp.eff 0.0160 0.0097 0.0160 0.0143 =+1398/97819
Max crack spacing
Sr,max mm 406 466 407 299
mean strain in concrete
εsm-εcm 0.00040 0.00047 0.00031 0.00046

Crack width W k mm 0.164 0.217 0.127 0.138 Wk < 0.3 mm
Crack width is with limit
Minimum Reinforcement for crack control

Xu = 59.59 59.59 58.08 64.66

2
Act mm 6.0E+04 6.0E+04 5.8E+04 6.5E+04
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ss N / mm2 240 240 240 240
2
fct,eff N / mm 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50
k 1 1 1 1
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
As min 248 248 242 269 OK
12.4 Summary of Reinforcement details

a) Flexural reinforcement
Main R/F Distribution R/F

spacing spacing
dia 1 1 dia 2 2 dia spacing
Top slab - Top 12 200 16 200 12 300
Top slab - Bottom 16 175 0 200 10 300
Side wall - Inner 12 200 0 200 10 300
Side wall - Outer 16 200 12 200 12 300
Bottom slab- Top 10 200 16 200 10 250
Bottom slab- Bottom 12 200 12 200 12 300
Note : Dia 1 and Dia 2 are placed alternatively
b) Shear reinforcement
Type Dia spacing long. spacing trans.
Top slab 1 legged 0 250 180

Side wall 1 legged 0 200 200
Bottom slab 1 legged 8 200 100
Calculation of development length and Lap length

Refer cl 15.2.4.3 of IRC 112-2011 and 15.2.5.1 of IRC 112-2011
The design anchorage length
Basic anchorage length lb = k*Φ

Factor k (as per table 15.4 of IRC 112) k = 40
Factor αa = 1.0
Minimum anchorage length for bar in tension
q lb.min = 0.3 lb
Ratio of Ast reqd / Ast provd (conservatively ) =1
Design anchorage length = 40 times dia
Lap length (more than 50%) 1.5 times ld = 60 times dia
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Curtailment Length Calculation
Side Wall - Earth side

Bending moment at theoritical cutof point - Mur for Ast prov = 85 kNm
The above bending moment is at a distance of (from face) = 655 mm
Development length of the bar = 640 mm
Curtailment provided from the face of the wall C2 = 1295 mm
Bottom slab - bottom face

The above bending moment is at a distance of (from face of wall) = 300 mm
Curtailment provided from face of wall C1 = 780 mm
Bottom Slab- Shear Reinforcement

Shear Force at theoritical cut of point = 123 kN
The above shear force is at distance of (from face of haunch) = 1050 mm
Number of shear links required in longitudinal direction = 7.00
Total Number of shear links provided in longitudinal direction = 14.00
13.0 Calculation of Quantity of materials
13.1 Concrete quantity

0.40 5.80
5.0
0.40
2.0 2.80
0.40
Total Width of Structure = 25 m

=+((2.80×5.80)-
Concrete Quantity of Box = 157.13 m3
(5.0×2.0)+4×0.5×0.15×0.15)×25
3
Total Concrete Quantity = 157.13 m
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13.2 Reinforcment Quantity
Y12 @ 300 1 2
5 Y12 @ 200 Y16 @ 175
4
6 Y10 @ 300 3 Y0 @ 200
Y16 @ 200 9
8 Y10 @ 300
7 Y12 @ 200 7
Y12 @ 300 Y12
9 @ 300
14 Y10 @ 250 11
Y16 @ 200
15
13 12 10
Y10 Y8 @ 200
Y12 @ 300 @ 200 Y12 @ 200
Clear Cover on earthen side = 0.075 m
Clear Cover on inner side = 0.040 m
a) Flexural and Distribution reinforcement
Dia Spacing Length Volume
Bar mark Nos
mm mm m m3
Top Slab
1 12 200 126 8.9 0.13

2 16 175 144 6.15 0.18
4 10 300 21 25.42 0.04
5 12 300 21 25.42 0.06
Total 0.41
Side Wall
6 16 200 126 4.78 0.12
7 12 300 11 25.42 0.03
8 12 200 126 3.22 0.05
9 10 300 11 25.42 0.02
Total for One Side Wall 0.22Total for Two Side wall 0.44
Bottom Slab
10 12 200 126 8.9 0.13
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11 16 200 126 2.88 0.07

12 10 200 126 6.15 0.06
13 12 300 21 25.42 0.06
14 10 250 24 25.42 0.05
Total 0.37
b) Shear Reinforcement
Dia slong strans Length Volume
Bar mark Nos
mm total nos mm m m3
15 8 14 100 251 0.32 0.06
c) Haunch Reinforcement
Dia Spacing Number Length Volume
Bar mark Nos of
mm mm Haunch m m3
16 8 200 126 4 1.2 0.03

3
Density of steel = 7850 kg/m
Total weight of reinforcement steel = 10236 kg
3 3
Weight of reinforcement steel per m of concrete = 65.1 kg/m
Total Reinforcement Quantity = 10.24 T
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14 Design Check Summary
Check for ULS - Flexure

Side Wall (Earth
Description Unit Top slab Face) Bottom slab Limits Reference / Check
Bottom Top Support Mid Bottom Top
Moment kNm 148 116 156 119 127 154
Depth required mm 172 152 177 154 160 176
Depth provided mm 352 354 317 317 309 344 Depth is adequate
Mu,limit kNm 617 624 501 501 476 589
2
Ast required mm 1016 780 1208 902 1000 1088
Diameter of bar 1 mm 16 12 16 16 12 10
Spacing of bar 1 mm 175 200 200 200 200 200 Spacing provided OK
Max Spacing mm 250 250 250 250 250 250
2
Ast Provided mm 1149 1571 1571 1005 1571 1398 Reinforcement provided is OK
MuR for Ast pro kNm 167 224 199 131 194 195 MuR > Mu
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Distribution reinforcement details

Ast required mm2 230 314 314 201 314 280
Diameter of bar mm 10 12 12 10 12 10
Ast Provided mm2 262 377 377 262 377 314 Reinforcement provided is OK
Spacing provided mm 300 300 300 300 300 250
Max Spacing mm 400 400 300 300 400 400 Spacing provided OK
Check for Shear
Description Unit Top slab Side wall Bottom slab Limits Reference / Check
Max shear force kN 93 58 188

VRd,c kN 162 155 153 VRd,c < VEd
Not Required Not Required Shear r/f Required Shear reinforcement reqd
Shear r/f requirement
VRd,max kN 798 714 696 Section is adequate
Type of stirrups N/A N/A 1
Diameter stirrups mm N/A N/A 8
Max Spacing trans. mm N/A 238 232
Max Spacing long. mm N/A 238 232
Spacing ,trans. mm N/A N/A 100 Spacing Provided is ok
Spacing ,long. mm N/A N/A 200 Spacing Provided is ok
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VRd,s kN N/A N/A 760

Reinforcement Reinforcement provided is OK
adequacy N/A N/A OK
Shear r/f ratio ρw kN N/A N/A 0.00251
Min. shear r/f ratio Reinforcement provided is OK

ρwmin kN N/A N/A 0.00079
Summary of SLS check

Check for stress limitation and Crack width - Long term effect
Side Wall (Earth

Moment-Rare kNm 104 80 110 84 89 109
Moment-Quasi kNm 59 36 59 45 45 66
σc (Rare) MPa 6.5 4.4 7.3 6.6 6.2 6.6 14.4 OK
σst (Rare) MPa 283.4 161.1 247.7 290.2 205.8 252.3 400.0 OK
σc (Quasi) MPa 3.7 2.0 4.0 3.5 3.1 4.0 10.8 OK
σst (Quasi) MPa 160.4 71.7 134.5 155.2 104.2 153.7 400.0 OK
Crack width mm 0.179 0.061 0.164 0.217 0.127 0.138 0.30 OK
Doc No Date Page
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Check for stress limitation and Crack width - Short term effect
Top slab Side wall Bottom slab
Description Unit Limits Reference / Check
Bottom Top Earth Inner Bottom Top
σc (Rare) MPa 9.6 6.5 10.6 9.7 8.9 9.7 14.4 OK
σst (Rare) MPa 273.5 154.8 237.6 280.2 197.3 242.7 400.0 OK
σc (Quasi) MPa 5.5 2.9 5.7 5.2 4.5 5.9 10.8 OK
σst (Quasi) MPa 154.8 68.9 129.1 149.9 99.9 147.9 400.0 OK
Check for Base Pressure
Description Unit Actual Limits Reference / Check
Base pressure kN/m2 64.96 150.0 OK

L&T-RAMBØLL CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
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15.0 STAAD INPUT

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 17-oct-16
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0 2.4 0; 3 5.4 2.4 0; 4 5.4 0 0; 18 0 0.2 0; 19 0 0.505 0;
20 0 1.895 0; 21 0 2.2 0; 22 5.4 0.2 0; 23 5.4 0.505 0; 24 5.4 1.895 0;
25 5.4 2.2 0; 26 0.2 0 0; 37 0.2 2.4 0; 38 0.552 2.4 0; 39 4.848 2.4 0;
40 5.2 2.4 0; 41 0.4 0 0; 42 0.6 0 0; 43 0.8 0 0; 44 1 0 0; 45 1.2 0 0;
46 1.4 0 0; 47 1.6 0 0; 48 1.8 0 0; 49 2 0 0; 50 2.2 0 0; 51 2.4 0 0;
52 2.6 0 0; 53 2.8 0 0; 54 3 0 0; 55 3.2 0 0; 56 3.4 0 0; 57 3.6 0 0;
58 3.8 0 0; 59 4 0 0; 60 4.2 0 0; 61 4.4 0 0; 62 4.6 0 0; 63 4.8 0 0; 64 5 0 0;
65 5.2 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 18; 2 2 37; 3 1 26; 4 4 22; 18 18 19; 19 19 20; 20 20 21; 21 21 2;
22 22 23; 23 23 24; 24 24 25; 25 25 3; 37 37 38; 38 38 39; 39 39 40; 40 40 3;
66 26 41; 67 41 42; 68 42 43; 69 43 44; 70 44 45; 71 45 46; 72 46 47; 73 47 48;
74 48 49; 75 49 50; 76 50 51; 77 51 52; 78 52 53; 79 53 54; 80 54 55; 81 55 56;
82 56 57; 83 57 58; 84 58 59; 85 59 60; 86 60 61; 87 61 62; 88 62 63; 89 63 64;
90 64 65; 91 65 4;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.1e+007
POISSON 0.2
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 5e-006
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
2 37 TO 40 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 1
3 66 TO 91 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 1
1 4 18 TO 25 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 1
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
1 4 FIXED BUT MX MY MZ KFY 1500
26 41 TO 65 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ KFY 3000
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DEAD LOAD
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL (CRASH BARRIER)
MEMBER LOAD
2 37 TO 40 UNI GY -12.69
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL (SURFACING)
MEMBER LOAD
2 37 TO 40 UNI GY -6.63
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 1 70 R TRACKED AT MID SPAN
MEMBER LOAD
2 37 TO 40 UNI GY -23.43
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 2 40T BOGIE LOAD AT MID SPAN
MEMBER LOAD
38 UNI GY -23.41 0.5065 3.7895
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LOAD 6 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 3 70R WHEELED VECHICLE
MEMBER LOAD
38 UNI GY -19.1 0.433 3.863
LOAD 7 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 4 CLASS A SINGLE LANE
MEMBER LOAD
38 UNI GY -19.69 0.523 3.773
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 5 CLASS A TWO LANE
MEMBER LOAD
38 UNI GY -19.69 0.523 3.773
LOAD 9 LOADTYPE None TITLE DUMMY LOAD
LOAD 11 LOADTYPE None TITLE BREAKING LOAD
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 17.48
LOAD 12 LOADTYPE None TITLE EARTH PRESSURE
MEMBER LOAD
21 TRAP Y -9 -7 0 0.2
20 TRAP Y -12.05 -9 0 0.305
19 TRAP Y -25.95 -12.05 0 1.39
18 TRAP Y -29 -25.95 0 0.305
1 TRAP Y -31 -29 0 0.2
25 TRAP Y 9 7 0 0.2
24 TRAP Y 12.05 14 0 0.305
23 TRAP Y 25.95 17.05 0 1.39
22 TRAP Y 29 30.95 0 0.305
4 TRAP Y 31 29 0 0.2
LOAD 13 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE
MEMBER LOAD
1 18 TO 21 UNI GX 12
4 22 TO 25 UNI GX -12
LOAD 14 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE ON ONE SIDE FOR EP LEADING
MEMBER LOAD
1 18 TO 21 UNI GX 12
LOAD COMB 100 ULS- G1-LL LEADING
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
LOAD COMB 101 ULS- G1A-LL LEADING
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
LOAD COMB 102 ULS- G2-LL ACCOMPANYING
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
LOAD COMB 103 ULS- G2A-LL ACCOMPANYING
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
LOAD COMB 104 ULS- G3-LL LEADING + LS ON ONE SIDE
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 4 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
LOAD COMB 105 ULS- G4-LL ACCOMPANYING WITH LS ON ONE SIDE
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 4 1.15 12 1.5
*********************ULS COMBINATION WITH LL CASE 5************
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 5 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
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1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 5 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 6 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 6 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 7 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 7 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 8 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 8 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 9 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 9 1.15 12 1.5
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1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 12 1.5
********************SLS COMBINATION WITH LL CASE 4*******************
LOAD COMB 1000 RARE-1-LL LEADING
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 4 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
LOAD COMB 1001 RARE-1A-LL LEADING
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 4 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
LOAD COMB 1002 RARE-3-LL LEADING + LS ON ONE SIDE
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 4 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 5 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 5 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 5 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 6 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 6 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 6 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 7 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 7 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 7 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 8 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 8 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 8 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 9 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 9 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 9 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
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1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
***************************************************
LOAD COMB 1012 QUASI PERMANENT
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 12 1.0
**********************************************
LOAD COMB 1013 TOP SLAB SHEAR CHECK
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 12 1.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS
DEFINE ENVELOPE
100 TO 105 200 TO 205 300 TO 305 400 TO 405 500 TO 505 600 TO 605 700 TO 704 -
705 ENVELOPE 1 TYPE STRENGTH
1000 TO 1002 1012 2000 TO 2002 3000 TO 3002 4000 TO 4002 5000 TO 5002 6000 -
6001 TO 6002 7000 TO 7002 ENVELOPE 2 TYPE STRENGTH
END DEFINE ENVELOPE
LOAD LIST ENV 1
PRINT FORCE ENVELOPE LIST 1 TO 4 19 21 23 25 38 40 66 TO 91
LOAD LIST ENV 2
PRINT FORCE ENVELOPE LIST 1 TO 4 19 21 23 25 38 40 66 TO 91
FINISH
DESIGN OF HEAD WALL SHALL BE REFERED FROM DN001

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Category B
Fill Height 2m
Four Laning of Chikali-Tarsod section of NH-66 Doc No Date Page

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5.0 Design data
Dimensions
Clear span = 5.0 m
Clear height = 3.5 m
Top slab thickness = 0.40 m
Bottom slab thickness = 0.45 m
Side wall thickness = 0.45 m
Height of fill (for Live load dispersion) = 2.50 m
Height of fill (for SIDL , Earth pressure calculation) = 2.50 m
Top & bottom haunch = 150 x 150 mm
Width of Structure = 10.03 m
Total Width =5.0+0.45×2 = 5.90 m
Total height =3.5+0.40+0.45 = 4.35 m
C/C width =5.0+0.45 = 5.450 m
C/C height =3.5+(0.45+0.40)/2 = 3.925 m
6.0 Materials (Refer Cl 3.1 of Design basis report)

a. Concrete
Table 6.5 Grade of concrete = M30

IRC 112 Modulus of elasicity = 3.1E+07 kN/m2
Poissons ratio = 0.20
Coefficient of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 /0C
Weight density = 25 kN/m3
b. Steel
Grade of steel = Fe500
Modulus of elasicity = 2.0E+08 kN/m2
Characteristic yield strength,fyk = 500 N/mm2
c. Soil
SBC = 150 kN/m2
Angle of internal friction = 30 Degrees
Unit weight of soil fill material = 20 kN/m3
d. Wearing Coat
Thickness of wearing coat = 65.00 mm
Thickness of Road crust (conservatively total fill ht considered) = 2.50 m
Wearing coat thickness (Future overlaying) = 0.1 m
Weight Density = 22.00 kN/m3

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7.0 Modelling of structure
Box Culvert is modelled as a line model shown in figure below and analysed in STAAD Pro
software and 1 m strip of the box is considered for modelling. Bottom slab is divided into equal
parts and Spring support is provided at base of slab and soil spring stiffness is calculated as per
"Foundation Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles
5.450
0.40
5.0
0.45
3.5 3.925
0.45
7.1 Property Calculations

Width considered for the model ( for1 m strip model) = 1m
a. Base slab
Area of cross section =0.45×1 = 0.450 m2
b. Top slab

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c. Walls
d Haunch
e Crash Barrier
Area of cross section =0.9×0.3 = 0.315 m2
7.2 Idealisation of supports

Refer "Foundation Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles
Modulus of subgrade reaction (Ks) = 40 x SF x qa
where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 150 kN/m2
The modulus of subgrade =40×2.5×150 = 15000 kN/m3
Bottom slab divided into = 24 parts

length of one divided portion of bottom slab = 0.2271 m
Stiffness at outer support (Type-1) =0.227/2×1×15000 = 1703.13 kN/m
Stiffness at interior supports (Type 2) =0.227×15000 = 3406.25 kN/m
Type-1
Type-2

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8.0 Load Calculation
The design loading for the bridge has been considered in accordance with IRC: 6 -2014
(Loads and Stresses) so as to sustain the most critical combinations of various loads,
forces and stress.
8.1 Dead load (DL)

Self weight of the top slab =0.400×25 = 10.00 kN/m
Self weight of the Bottom slab =25×0.450 = 11.25 kN/m
Self weight of the Side slab =0.450×25 = 11.25 kN/m
(Self wt command is used in STAAD for applying Dead load)
8.2 SIDL
Conservatively total fill height is considered as road crust including wearing coat.
Density of wearing coat is considered for road crust
Load due to road crust =(((2.50-0.1)×20)+(0.1×22.00))×1 = 50.20 kN/m
Weight of Crash Barrier =0.9×0.35×25 = 7.88 kN/m

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8.3 Earth pressure (EP)
Since the side walls are effectively restrained against movement, At rest earth pressure is
considered for design. Coefficient of earth pressure at rest (k o) is calculated as per below formula
(Jaky's equation)
Coefficient of earth pressure at rest ko = 1-sinφ
ko = 0.50
2.700
27.00 kN/m²
6.625 m
66.25 kN/m² 12 kN/m²
Lateral Earth Pressure

Earth Pressure at top =0.500×20×2.700 = 27.00 kN/m2
Earth Pressure at bottom =0.500×20×6.625 = 66.25 kN/m2
8.4 Live load Surcharge (LS)

Live load surcharge of 1.2m ht fill is considered as per cl 214.1 of IRC 6-2014
Surcharge live load for EP Leading = 1.2 m
Surcharge live load (1.2m of earth fill) =0.500×20×1.2 = 12.00 kN/m2

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8.5 Live Loads
Calculation of effective width of loading
Live load dispersion has been considered for design as per annex B of IRC 112-2011.
The following live loads are considered for the design
Case 1: IRC CLASS 70R -Track Load 70T
Case 2 : IRC CLASS 70R - WHEELED VEHICLE - BOGIE LOAD (40T)
Case 3 : IRC Class 70R - wheeled vehicle
The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along
transverse and longitudinal direction
Note : IRC Class A - three lane and IRC Class A + IRC 70R are not governing the design, hence
not presented in the design note.
Case 1: IRC CLASS 70R -Track Load 70T (At Mid Span)
0.5
W1 2.06 W2 1.2
4.57 5.45
35 t 35 t
0.84 0.84


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=+2.50+0.84+2.50

(b/ l0 ) =10.03/5.45 = 1.84

a =5.5/2 = 2.725 m
b1 = 5.84 m
beff =2.725×2.600×(1-(2.725/5.45))+5.84 = 9.38 m
If 9.38/2 > 1.03

Overlapping will occur
= 2.571 m
Dispersed length in the direction parallel of traffic direction (dL) = 9.570 m

=+2.500+0.4+4.57+0.4+2.500
Impact factor = 12.5 %

Total load = 700.00 kN
Load intensity =+700.00/(8.87×9.570) = 8.25 kN/m2
9.28 kN/m2
0.00 m 5.45 m 0.00 m

0.225 m 5.00 m 0.225 m

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Case 2 : IRC CLASS 70R - WHEELED VEHICLE - BOGIE LOAD (40T) (AT Mid Span)
0.5
1.93
1.2
0.263
W1 W2
10 t 10 t 1.22 5.45
W3
10 t W4
0.86 10 t

=+2.500+0.86+2.500

(b/ l0 ) =10.03/5.45 = 1.84

a =5.45/2-1.22/2 = 2.115 m
b1 = 5.86 m
beff =2.115×2.600×(1-(2.115/5.45))+5.86 = 9.22 m

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So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+9.22+9.22-3.647×2-2.482 8.67 m
=+2.500+0.40+0.263+0.40+2.500
So, the actual dispersed width (bL) =+6.063+6.063-2.4215×2 7.28 m
Total load = 400 kN
7.12 kN/m2
0.00 m 5.45 m 0.00 m

0.23 m 5.00 m 0.23 m

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Case 3 : IRC Class 70R wheeled vehicle (AT Mid Span)
0.5
1.93 1.2
0.263 W1 W2 8.5 t
8.5 t 5.45
1.37
8.5 t W3 W4
0.86 8.5 t

=+2.500+0.86+2.500

(b/ l0 ) =10.03/5.45 = 1.84

a =5.5/2-1.37/2 = 2.04 m
b1 = 5.86 m
beff =2.04×2.6×(1-2.04 /5.45 ) +5.86 = 9.18 m


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=+2.500+0.4+0.263+0.4+2.500
Total load = 340 kN
5.95 kN/m2
0.00 m 5.45 m 0.00 m


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0.5
1.8 0.15
0.25 1 2
5.7 t
5.7 t 1.2 5.45
3
4
5.7 t
0.5 5.7 t

=+2.500+0.5+0.150+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =10.03/5.45 = 1.84

a =5.5/2-1.2/2 = 2.125 m
b1 = 5.50 m
beff =2.13×2.6×(1-2.125 /5.45 ) +5.5 = 8.87 m


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So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+8.870+8.870-3.535×2 7.14 m
=+2.500+0.4+0.25+0.4+2.500
Total load = 228 kN
5.27 kN/m2
0.00 m 5.45 m 0.00 m

Direction of Traffic 0.50
1.8 1.2 1.8 0.15
0.25 5.7 t 5.7 t 5.7 t 5.7 t

W1 W2 W3 W4
1.2 5.45
5.7 t
W5
5.7 t 5.7 t W6 0.25 W7 W8
5.7 t
0.5 0.5
10.03

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=+2.500+0.5+2.500
=+2.500+0.5+0.150+0.500

(b/ l0 ) =10.03/5.45 = 1.84

a =5.5/2-1.2/2 = 2.125 m
b1 = 5.50 m
beff =2.13×2.6×(1-2.125 /5.45 ) +5.5 = 8.87 m

So, the actual dispersed width (bL) for Lane 1 =+8.870+8.870-3.535×2 10.67 m
Dispersed width of wheel 1,2,5,6 in the direction transverse of traffic direction = 5.50 m
=+2.500+0.5+2.500

(b/ l0 ) =10.03/5.45 = 1.84

a =5.5/2-1.2/2 = 2.125 m
b1 = 5.50 m
beff =2.13×2.6×(1-2.125 /5.45 ) +5.5 = 8.87 m

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So, the actual dispersed width (bP) for Lane 2 =+8.871+8.871-3.53537844×2 10.67 m
Check for overlapping lane 1 and lane 2 vehicle

So, the actual dispersed width (bP) for two lane combined 11.535 m
=+2.500+0.4+0.25+0.4+2.500
Total load = 456 kN
Load intensity = 5.45 kN/m2
6.52 kN/m2
0.00 m 5.45 m 0.00 m


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8.6 Braking Force
Braking Force is considered as per Cl.211.2 of IRC 6-2014
Note : The effect of braking force is full for zero earth cushion and it is considered zero for
earth cushion of 3m, hence for 0.5m cushion values are interpolated .
Class 70R - Tracked vehicle (70T) =0.2×8.25×9.570×(3-2.50)/3 = 2.6 kN/m

Class 70R - BOGIE LOAD (40T) =0.2×6.33×7.28×(3-2.50)/3 = 1.5 kN/m
Class 70R - Wheeled Vehicle =0.2×37.37×(7.43+4.06)×(3-2.50)/3 = 1.3 kN/m
Class A load (1 Lane) =0.2×5.42×7.25×(3-2.50)/3 = 1.1 kN/m
Class A load (2 Lane) =0.2×6.02×(7.25+6.05)×(3-2.50)/3 = 1.3 kN/m
Braking force to be applied per m width in transverse direction = 2.63 kN/m
8.7 Temperature Loads

As structure is burried effect of temperature & Shrinkage is not considered in design.
9.0 Check for base pressure

Total base area = 5.90 m2
=+(5.90×0.40+5.90×0.45+2×3.5×
Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 204.13 kN/m
0.45)×25
Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 58.08 kN/m
Pressure on Base slab due to live load (IRC Class 70R Track Load) = 8.25 kN/m
Total pressure on base slab =+(204.13)/5.90+58.08+8.25 = 100.92 kN/m2/m
Allowable bearing capcity = 150.00 kN/m2

150.00 > 100.92
Safe
Four Laning of Chikali-Tarsod section of NH- Doc No Date Page

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10.0 Summary of STAAD result
The loads are applied in the STAAD model and the analysis is performed. Extracted results from
STAAD for critical location shown in figure are presented below.
sec 1-1 sec 1-1

sec 3-3
Top slab
sec 4a-4a
d
sec 2-2
Side wall
Side wall
sec 5-5
sec 6-6
sec 8-8 sec 9-9
d sec 4-4
Bottom slab
sec 7-7

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Shear force envelope for various loads
Sec 3-3
Sec 6-6
Sec 9-9
Bending moment envelope for various loads
Sec 1-1 Sec 2-2
Sec 4a-4a
Sec 5-5
Sec 8-8
Sec 4-4
Sec 7-7

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Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load -6.52 -25.00 7.76
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.76 -19.70 8.65
3 SIDL (Variable) 4.86 -125.50 55.09
4 Live load 1 0.90 -23.20 10.18
5 Live load 2 0.69 -17.80 7.81
6 Live load 3 0.58 -14.88 6.53
7 Live load 4 0.51 -13.18 5.78
8 Live load 5 0.63 -16.30 7.16
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force 1.31 -0.94 2.35
12 Earth pressure 76.02 0.00 18.21
13 Live load surcharge 22.98 0.00 4.88
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 11.49 -6.62 18.98

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load -6.52 0.00 -23.49
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.76 0.00 -15.98
3 SIDL (Variable) 4.86 0.00 -101.78
4 Live load 1 0.90 0.00 -18.82
5 Live load 2 0.69 0.00 -14.44
6 Live load 3 0.58 0.00 -12.06
7 Live load 4 0.51 0.00 -10.69
8 Live load 5 0.63 0.00 -13.22
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force 1.31 -0.94 0.00

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12 Earth pressure 76.02 0.00 18.21

Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 11.49 -6.62 2.44

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load -6.52 25.00 7.76
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.65 16.88 7.41
3 SIDL (Variable) 4.86 125.50 55.09
4 Live load 1 0.90 23.20 10.18
5 Live load 2 0.69 17.80 7.81
6 Live load 3 0.58 14.88 6.53
7 Live load 4 0.51 13.18 5.78
8 Live load 5 0.63 16.30 7.16
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force 1.31 -0.94 -2.35
12 Earth pressure 76.02 0.00 18.21
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 11.49 -6.62 -14.10

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Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 68.88 6.52 37.77
2 SIDL (Fixed) 18.39 -0.65 8.96
3 SIDL (Variable) 136.80 -4.86 66.63
4 Live load 1 25.29 -0.90 12.32
5 Live load 2 19.40 -0.69 9.45
6 Live load 3 16.21 -0.58 7.90
7 Live load 4 14.36 -0.51 7.00
8 Live load 5 17.77 -0.63 8.65
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force -0.94 1.32 2.31
12 Earth pressure 0.00 92.33 6.19
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side -6.62 32.91 24.04
Summary of STAAD result at sec 4a-4a

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 29.50 -6.52 -14.94
2 SIDL (Fixed) 18.39 0.65 -11.25
3 SIDL (Variable) 136.80 4.86 -83.63
4 Live load 1 25.29 0.90 -15.46
5 Live load 2 19.40 0.69 -11.86
6 Live load 3 16.21 0.58 -9.91
7 Live load 4 14.36 0.51 -8.78
8 Live load 5 17.77 0.63 -10.86
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00

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11 Braking force 0.94 1.31 -2.29

12 Earth pressure 0.00 70.42 -3.56
13 Live load surcharge 0.00 20.58 -0.52
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 6.62 11.49 -18.17

Axial Shear Moment
Loads Force Force
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 49.19 6.52 26.36
2 SIDL (Fixed) 18.39 -0.65 10.10
3 SIDL (Variable) 136.80 -4.86 75.13
4 Live load 1 25.29 -0.90 13.89
5 Live load 2 19.40 -0.69 10.66
6 Live load 3 16.21 -0.58 8.91
7 Live load 4 14.36 -0.51 7.89
8 Live load 5 17.77 -0.63 9.76
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force -0.94 1.32 0.00
12 Earth pressure 0.00 -4.35 -66.33
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side -6.62 11.91 -15.18

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Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 65.59 6.52 35.87
2 SIDL (Fixed) 18.39 -0.65 9.15
3 SIDL (Variable) 136.80 -4.86 68.05
4 Live load 1 25.29 -0.90 12.58
5 Live load 2 19.40 -0.69 9.65
6 Live load 3 16.21 -0.58 8.07
7 Live load 4 14.36 -0.51 7.14
8 Live load 5 17.77 -0.63 8.84
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force -0.94 1.32 1.93
12 Earth pressure 0.00 74.09 -18.06
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side -6.62 29.41 14.95

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 0.00 -69.07 -23.84
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.00 -17.44 -4.85
3 SIDL (Variable) 0.00 -129.72 -36.08
4 Live load 1 0.00 -23.98 -6.67
5 Live load 2 0.00 -18.40 -5.12
6 Live load 3 0.00 -15.38 -4.28
7 Live load 4 0.00 -13.62 -3.79
8 Live load 5 0.00 -16.85 -4.69
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force 0.00 0.69 -2.76

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12 Earth pressure 0.00 -0.46 -28.50

13 Live load surcharge 0.00 -0.12 -7.09
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 0.00 4.30 -32.72

Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 0.00 1.30 51.35
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.00 0.65 14.35
3 SIDL (Variable) 0.00 4.86 106.72
4 Live load 1 0.00 0.90 19.73
5 Live load 2 0.00 0.69 15.14
6 Live load 3 0.00 0.58 12.65
7 Live load 4 0.00 0.51 11.20
8 Live load 5 0.00 0.63 13.86
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force 0.00 -1.84 0.41
12 Earth pressure 0.00 0.23 -24.86
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 0.00 -18.22 1.05

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"Beam no 13 at section 0.5"
Axial Shear
S.NO kN kN kNm
1 Dead load 0.00 -54.04 -3.97
2 SIDL (Fixed) 0.00 -13.85 0.27
3 SIDL (Variable) 0.00 -102.96 1.97
4 Live load 1 0.00 -19.03 0.36
5 Live load 2 0.00 -14.60 0.28
6 Live load 3 0.00 -12.20 0.23
7 Live load 4 0.00 -10.81 0.21
8 Live load 5 0.00 -13.37 0.26
9 Live load 6 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 Live load 7 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 Braking force 0.00 -0.16 -2.80
12 Earth pressure 0.00 -1.66 -28.05
13 Live load surcharge 0.00 -0.41 -6.98
Live load
surcharge - one
14 side 0.00 -3.48 -32.37
11.0 Load Combination

Load Combination for Limit state shall be as per annex B of IRC 6-2014 . The following
Limit states are considered below.
i) Ultimate limit state - ULS
ii) Serviceability limit state - SLS

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11.1 ULS Load Combinations

Ultimate limit state load combination shall be calculated as per table 3.2 of IRC 6-2014
SIDL SIDL
Sl.No Combination DL (Fixed) (Var) LL BF EP LS
G 1 (live load
1 leading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50 1.5 1.5 1.2
G 1a (live load
2 leading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50 -1.5 1.5 1.2
G 2 (LL
3 Accompanying) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.15 1.5 1.2
G 2a (LL
4 Accompanying) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.15 -1.15 1.5 1.2
G 3 (LS on one
5 side & LL leading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.500 1.5 1.5 1.2
G 4 (LS on one
6 side & EPleading) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.15 1.5 1.2
DL - Dead load WC - Pavement layer BF-Braking force

SIDL - Super imposed DL LL - Live load EP - Earth pressure
LS-Live load surcharge
Bending moment diagram for combination G1-LL leading


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Bending moment diagram for combination G 1a-LL leading
Bending moment diagram for combination G 2-LL Accompanying


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Bending moment diagram for combination G 2a -LL Accompanying
Bending moment diagram for combination G 3-LL leading + LS on one side


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Bending moment diagram for combination G 4 -EP leading + LS on one side
11.1.1 Summary of ULS load combination for Top slab

Factored
Moment-
S.No Description
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 145.6 -281.4 170.5
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 141.7 -278.6 163.5

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Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 144.3 -1.4 -226.4
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 140.4 1.4 -226.4
Maximum Shear force at Top Slab - sec 3-3

For top slab shear check, Shear Force due to live load is not considered
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 142.2 276.2 150.1
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 142.2 276.2 150.1
Note : +ve moment indicates Hogging moment (tension at top of top slab)
-ve moment indicates Sagging moment (tension AT bottom of top slab)

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11.1.2 Summary of ULS load combination for Side wall

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 393.7 165.6 213.3
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 396.5 161.7 206.4
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 305.5 132.9 -214.3
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 302.6 128.9 -207.4
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 329.2 -6.0 81.5
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 332.0 -9.9 81.5

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Maximum Shear force at side of wall - sec 6-6
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 351.4 134.0 170.0
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 354.2 130.1 164.2
Note : -ve moment indicates tension at earth side of side wall

+ve moment indicates tension at inner side of side wall
11.1.3 Summary of ULS load combination for Bottom slab

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -379.6 -167.3
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -381.6 -159.0

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Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 0.0 10.1 261.0
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 0.0 15.7 259.7
5 G 3 (LS on one side & LL 1 leading) 0.0 -11.8 269.6
Maximum Shear force for bottom slab - sec 9-9
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 G 1 (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -303.6 -56.2
2 G 1a (LL 1 leading) 0.0 -303.1 -47.8
Note : -ve moment indicates tension at bottom of bottom slab

+ve moment indicates tension at top of bottom slab

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11.2 SLS Load Combinations

Serviceability limit state load combination shall be calculated as per table 3.3 of IRC 6-2014
Load combination and load factors
SIDL SIDL
Sl.No Combination DL LL BF EP LS
(Fixed) (Var)
Rare - 1 (LL
1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.00 1.0 1.0 0.8
leading)
Rare - 1 a (LL
2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.00 -1.0 1.0 0.8
leading)
Rare - 3 (LS on
3 one side +LL 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.00 1.0 1.0 0.8
leading)
4 Quasi permanent 1.0 1.0 1.2 0 0 1.0 0
Note : In combination, Temp fall or Temp rise load is combined with others loads to get
worst effect.
Temp rise and shrinkage effect should not be combined
11.2.1 Summary of SLS load combination for Top slab

Factored
Moment-
S.No Description
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 96.7 -196.2 117.2
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 94.1 -194.4 112.5

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Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 95.8 -0.9 -158.3
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 93.2 0.9 -158.3
11.2.2 Summary of SLS load combination for Side wall

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 275.8 110.8 149.1
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 277.7 108.2 144.5
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 213.0 88.2 -148.3
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 211.1 85.5 -143.7

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Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 230.8 -3.6 46.6
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 232.7 -6.2 46.6
11.2.3 Summary of SLS load combination for Bottom slab

Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 0.0 -266.0 -115.6
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 0.0 -267.4 -110.1
Factored
Axial-P Shear-V M
(kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 Rare 1 (LL 2 leading) 0.0 7.1 184.1
2 Rare 1a (LL 2 leading) 0.0 10.8 183.3

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12.0 Structural Design of Box Section

Box Culvert is designed for Ultimate limit state and Serviceability limit state. In ultimate limit
state, It is checked for flexure and shear. In Serviceability limit state,it is checked for
stress and crack width.
Top slab ,Side wall and bottom slab are designed as a flexure member,ignoring the axial forces
conservatively.
12.1 Design Parameters

Grade of concrete fck = M30
Grade of reinforcement steel fyk = Fe500
Grade of steel for stirrups fywk = Fe500
Tensile strength of concrete Table 6.5 of IRC 112 fctm = 2.5 MPa
Partial safety factor for concrete for Basic & Seismic comb. γm = 1.5
Partial safety factor for reinforcement γs = 1.15
Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 
 fck
m
Factor Cl 6.4.2.8 of IRC 112-2011 α = 0.67

Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 13.4 MPa
Design tensile strength of reinforcement fyd = 434.8 MPa
Design tensile strength of reinforcement stirrups fywd = 434.8 MPa
Secant modulus elasticity of Concrete Ecm = 31 GPa
Elastic modulus of Steel Es = 200 GPa
Ultimate compressive strain in concrete table 6.5 of IRC 112 εcu3 = 0.0035
Ultimate tensile strain in steel εst = 2.17.E-03
limiting neutral axis to depth ratio
limiting neutral axis to depth ratio Xu,max / d = 0.617


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12.2 Design of Top slab
Top slab
Side wall
Side wall
Bottom slab
Width of cross section b = 1000 mm

Depth of slab D = 400 mm
Clear cover , moderate condition (Table 14.2 of IRC 112) c = 40 mm
From Load combination (Sec 9.0 of Design note)

Maximum sagging moment at sec 2-2- ULS = 229.4 kNm
Maximum hogging moment at sec 1-1 - ULS = 187.5 kNm
Maximum shear force at d distance from wall (sec 3-3) - ULS = 276.2 kN
Maximum sagging moment at sec 2-2- SLS Rare combination = 160.3 kNm
Maximum hogging moment at sec 1-1 - SLS Rare combination = 128.4 kNm
Maximum sagging moment at sec 2-2- SLS Quasi permanent LC = 143.4 kNm
Maximum hogging moment at sec 1-1 - SLS Quasi permanent LC = 100.7 kNm

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12.2.1 Check for Ultimate limit state (ULS)

12.2.1.1 Check for flexure - ULS
Flexure shall be checked as per Cl A2.9 point 2 and Cl 6.4.2.8 of IRC 112-2011.
Rectangular stress distribution as given in fig A2.4 of IRC 112-2011 is considered for design of
cross section.
b η.fcd εcu3
Fc
Compression x λx
d
z
Tension
Ast
Fs
εs
Stress Strain
distribution distribution
a) Check for Sagging moment at sec 2-2

Maximum sagging moment Mu = 229 kNm
Factor Cl A2.9 of IRC 112-2011 λ = 0.8
Factor Cl A2.9 of IRC 112-2012 η = 1.0
Depth required
Depth required dreqd = 214.6 mm
Sagging Reinforcemnent details (Assumed)

Effective depth provided for sagging =+400-40-16/2-0 d = 352 mm
dreqd < 352 mm
limiting neutral axis depth Xu,max = 217 mm

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To find Area of reinforcement
Equating Ultimate moment to the
Moment of resistance section
solving above equation, value of neutral axis
Equating compressive force and tensile force of c/s Fc = Fs
Substituting the value of x in above equation,
Area of tensile reinforcement
x < xu,max
Area of reinforcement required = 1620 mm2
Ast =+1.0×13.4×0.8×1000×65.69/435
Clause 16.5.1.1 of IRC 112-2011

2
2
2
2
Maximum spacing of main reinforcement, as per cl 16.6.1.1 IRC 112 = 250 mm


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2
Total area of reinforcement provided Ast pro = 2011 mm
2
2011 mm > 1620 mm
Hence OK

=+(435×2011)/(1.0×13.4×0.8×1000) = 81.55 mm
Lever arm z
=+(352-(0.8×81.55/2)) = 319.38 mm
MuR > 229 kNm
Hence OK
20% of Main Reinforcement, IRC:112-2011,clause 16.6.1.1, = 402 mm
2

2

2
402 < 452
Hence OK
reinforcement
b) Check for Hogging moment at sec 1-1

Maximum hogging moment Mu = 187.5 kNm
Depth required dreqd = 194 mm
Hogging Reinforcemnent details (Assumed)
Diameter of reinforcement for hogging moment (dia 2) Φ2 = 16 mm
Effective depth for hogging =+400-40-16/2-8 d' = 344 mm
dreqd < 344 mm


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Limiting neutral axis depth Xu,max = 212.20 mm
x < xu,max
=+1.0×13.4×0.8×212.20×1000×(344-(0.8×212.20×0.5))/10^6
Area of reinforcement required Ast = 1338 mm2

Clause 16.5.1.1 of IRC 112-2011
2
2
2
2
Area of bar 2 201 mm
Spacing of reinforcement bar 2 200 mm
Maximum spacing of main reinforcement, as per cl 16.6.1.1 = 250 mm

2011 mm > 1338 mm
Hence OK

=+(435×2011)/(1.0×13.4×0.8×1000) = 81.55 mm
Lever arm z
=+(344-(0.8×81.55/2)) = 311.38 mm
MuR > 187 kNm
Hence OK

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20% of Main Reinforcement = 402.12 mm
2

2

Ast provided = 452 mm
2
402 < 452

OK
reinforcement
12.2.1.2 Check for Shear - ULS

Since top slab is designed as per effective width concept, Shear force due to live load is not
considered.Refer annex B3.2 of IRC 112-2011.
Case 1 - Members not requiring design shear reinforcement

Design shear resistance of section without shear reinforcement
Minimum VRd,c
Factor K = 1.76
percentage of main reinforcement ρ1 = 0.0058
Axial compressive force NED = 0.00 kN

2
Area of cross section Ac = 344000 mm
Compressive stress of concrete σcp = 0.00 MPa
σcp ≤ 0.2 fcd = 2.68 MPa
There fore σcp = 0.00 MPa
Design shear resistance of concrete without shear reinforcement

VRD,c = 174 kN
VRD,c min = 137 kN
Design shear resistance of concrete without shear reinforcement = 174 kN
Maximum shear force VEd = 276 kN

VRD,c < VEd
Shear reinforcement required


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Check for crushing failure of compression strut
Maximum shear strength of concrete strut
Factor depending on σcp αcw = 1.000
Equating VEd to VRd,max Ref cl 10.3.3.1 of IRC 112
Inclination of Comp. strut to horizontal axis
Equating VEd to VRd,max Ref cl 10.3.3.1 of IRC 112 θ 7 degree

Maximum value of Inclination θ max = 45 degree
Minimum value of Inclination θ min = 21.8 degree
hence ,Inclination of compression strut with horizontal axis θ = 21.8 degree
lever arm 0.9d z = 310 mm
strength reduction factor, eqn 10.6 of IRC 112-2011 v = 0.54
Maximum shear strength of concrete strut VRd,max = 775 kN

VRd,max > VEd
Section is adequate
Case 2 - Members requiring design shear reinforcement
Design tensile strength of stirrups fywd = 435 MPa

Diameter of stirrups = 8 mm
Type of stirrups = 1 legged
2
Area of one stirrups = 50.27 mm
Maximum spacing of stirrups in long. Direction, Cl 16.5.2 sl.max = 0.75d
sl.max = 258 mm
Maximum spacing of stirrups in trans. Direction, Cl 16.5.2 st.max = 0.75d ≤ 600 mm
st.max = 258 mm
Spacing of stirrups considered in longitudinal s = 250 mm
Spacing of stirrups considered in transverse s = 200 mm
direction 250 < 258 mm
OK

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Number of stirrups per width of slab in transverse direction = 4 nos

2
Total area of stirrups per m width of slab in transverse direction Asw = 201 mm
=+1×50.27×4
2
Minimum shear reinforcement,Ref 10.3.3.5 of IRC 112 Asw,min = 197 mm
2
201 > 197 mm
OK
Shear resistance of stirrups
Shear resistance of stirrups VRd,s = 338 kN

VRd,s > VEd
OK
12.2.2 Check for Serviceability limit state (SLS)

12.2.2.1 Check for Stress limitation - SLS
Stress limitation shall be checked for Rare combination as per Cl 12.2 of IRC 112-2011.
Allowable compressive stress in concrete under Rare combination = 0.48fck

σcc = 14.40 MPa
Allowable compressive stress in concrete under quasi permanent loads = 0.36fck

σcc = 10.80 MPa
Allowable tensile stress in reinforcement σst = 0.8fyk

σst = 400 MPa
Calculation of stress in concrete and reinforcement

Stress in concrete and reinforcement are calculated with this assumptions
1) Part of concrete area which is in tension completely neglected.
2) Reinforcement provided in compression area is not considered.
To find stress
Neutral axis depth calculated by equating first moment of compression area to first moment of
tension area

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Cracked second moment of area of cross section shall be calculated as given below
Stress in concrete and reinforcement calculated using bending equation
Maximum compressive stress in concrete
Maximum tensile stress in reinforcement
i) Check for Stress at maximum sagging moment

Notional size ho = 286 mm
Creep coefficient at 28 days RH = 80% table 6.9 of IRC 112 = 1.64
Long term modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec,eff = 11744 MPa
Long term modular ratio m = Es/Ec,eff = 17.03
Short term modular ratio m = Ecm/Es = 6.45
Maximum sagging moment under Rare combination M = 160.3 kNm

Maximum sagging moment under Quasi permanent comb M = 143.4 kNm

4

4

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ii) Check for Stress at maximum hogging moment

Maximum hogging moment under Rare combination M = 128 kNm
Maximum hogging moment under Quasi permanent combination M = 101 kNm

4



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4


12.2.2.2 Check for Crack width - SLS

Crack width shall be checked for quasi permanet combination as per cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112-2011
Maximum permissible value of crack width for moderate exposure = 0.30 mm
i) Check for crackwidth at maximum sagging moment
Tensile strength of concrete fct,eff = 2.5 MPa

Effective height of concrete in tension hceff = 91.75 mm
2
k1 = 0.8
Factor ρρ,eff = 0.0219
Maximum crack spacing
(Note : R/F means- Reinforcement)

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Difference in mean strain

As min = kc * k * fct,eff * Act / ss (Refer IRC:112-2011, Cl 12.3.3)
As min = Minimum area of reinforcing steel within the tensile zone
Act = Area of concrete within tensile zone
ss = Maximum stress permitted in the reinforcement immediately after formation of the crack
fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of the concrete = f ctm
k= Coefficient which allows for the effect of non-uniform self equilibrium stresses
kc = Coefficient which takes account of stress distribution within the section just prior to cracking
kc = 0.4 x [ 1 - sc /( k1 x ( h/h* ) x fct,eff )]
0.36 fck
Compreesion Zone
xu Tensile zone Ast
b fctm
Xu = 66.17 mm
2
Act = 66165 mm
2
( IRC:112-2011, Table 12.2) ss = 240 N / mm
2
Xu= (fctm*d)/(0.36*fck+fctm) fct,eff = 2.50 N / mm
k = 1
kc = 0.4
2
As min = 276 mm
2
Hence OK
ii) Check for crackwidth at maximum hogging moment

Effective height of concrete in tension hceff = 92 mm
2

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k1 = 0.8
factor ρρ,eff = 0.0218


Xu = 64.66 mm
2
Act = 64662 mm
2
ss = 240 N / mm
2
fct,eff = 2.50 N / mm
k = 1
kc = 0.4
2
As min = 269 mm
2
Hence OK
12.2.2.3 Check for Deflection

Deflection Shall be Checked as per Cl. 12.4 of IRC 112-2011
Actual Deflection at top slab due to Live Load - Class 70 R Tracked Vechicle = 0.31 mm
Allowable Deflection = Span/800

=5.45×1000/800 = 6.813 mm
6.81 > 0.31
Deflection is within limit

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 52
VVD NRY PML
12.3 Design of Side wall and Bottom slab

Design calculation of side wall and bottom slab are similar to the top slab and presented in the
below table.
12.3.1 Check for ULS

Side Wall (Earth
Bottom slab
Face ) Remarks /
Description units
Reference
Width(b) mm 1000 1000 1000 1000

Depth (D) mm 450 450 450 450
Clear cover (c) mm 75 75 75 40
Dia of bar 1 mm 16 16 16 16
Dia of bar 2 mm 16 16 16 16
Dia of links if any mm 0 0 8 8
Effective depth (d) mm 367 367 359 394
a) Check for flexure
Mu kNm 239.8 83.8 198.0 270 Refer load comb.

Xu,max mm 226 226 221 243 =+0.617×394
Factor η 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Refer A2.9 of IRC 112-2011
Factor λ 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Depth required mm 219 130 199 233 dreqd < dprov
Depth is adquate
Mu,limit kNm 671 671 642 773
Netural axis Xu for Mu
Xu mm 65.64 21.83 54.81 68.62 Xu < Xu,max

Under reinforced
Ast required for Mu
Ast required mm2 1618 538 1351 1692

Min Ast mm2 477.1 477.1 466.7 512.2 Cl 16.6.1.1of IRC 112
2
Max Ast mm 11250 11250 11250 11250 Cl 16.5.1.1of IRC 112
2
Ast Required mm 1618 538 1351 1692

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 53
VVD NRY PML
Dia of bar 1 mm 16 16 16 16
Dia of bar 2 mm 16 16 16 16
OK
Max spacing b/w 250 250 250 250
bars mm Cl 16.6.1.1of IRC 112
2
OK
Xu for Ast provided mm 81.5 81.5 81.5 81.5
Lever arm z mm 334.4 334.4 326.4 361.4
MuR for Ast pro kNm 292 292 285 316 MuR > Mu
OK
Distribution reinforcement - 20 % of main reinforcement
Ast, distribution mm2 402 402 402 402 =+2011×0.2
Diameter of bar mm 12 12 12 12
Spacing of bar (spro) mm 250 250 250 250
2
OK
Max spacing (smax) mm 300 300 400 400 Smax > Spro
OK
b) Check for shear ,Cl 10.3 of IRC 112 - 2011
Remarks /
Description units Side wall Bottom slab
Reference
Max Shear VEd kN 148 307
Shear resistance of concrete
bw mm 1000 1000
ρ1 0.005 0.0056 ρ1 ≤ 0.02
K 1.74 1.75 K≤2
Axial force NED kN 0 0
C/S area Ac mm 2 367000 359000
Concrete comp. σcp MPa 0.00 0.00 σcp < 0.2fcd
VRd,c kN 179 177
VRd,c min kN 143 141
so ,VRd,c 179 177

kN max of VRd,c and VRd,c min
Shear R/F
Not required R/F required
requirement

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 54
VVD NRY PML
VRd,c < VEd Shear R/F is required
Max shear capacity of concrete strut
Concrete comp. σcp MPa 0.00 0.00 =+0×1000/367000

Factor αcw 1.00 1.00
lever arm z mm 330 323 z = 0.9 d
Strength reduction 0.54 0.54 eqn 10.6 of IRC 112

facor v
Inclination of Compression strut
Inclination of
Compression strut θ degree 3.5 7.6
Max θ degree 45 45 Cl10.2.2.2 of IRC 112
Min θ degree 21.8 21.8
hence θ degree 21.8 21.8
VRd,max kN 827 809 VRd,max > VEd
Safe against brittle failure
Shear Reinforcement calculation

Dia of links d mm 0 8
No of legs 0 1
2
Area of one links mm 0 50
Spacing of links st mm 175 200 Transverse spacing
Spacing of links sl mm 175 250 Longitudinal spacing
No of links per m in
mm 0 5
Transverse direction
Total Area Asw in

Transverse direction mm2 0 251 =+50×5
Shear capcity of reinforcement
VRd,s kN 0 353 VRd,s > VEd

OK
Max Spacing long. Cl 16.5.2 of IRC 112
sl.max mm 275 269 (Vertical Stirrups α=90)
Max Spacing trans.
st.max mm 275 269 s max > s pro
OK

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 55
VVD NRY PML
Shear R/F ratio ρw 0.0000 0.0010
min ratio ρw,min 0.0008 0.0008 ρw > ρw,min
OK
Inner Face of Side Wall

Bending Moment on inner face is not present, hence minimum Reinforcemet Provided
on inner face of side wall
Clause 16.5.1.1 of IRC 112-2011
Clear Cover to main Reinforcement = 40 mm
Effective Depth d = 404 mm
565 mm > 525 mm
Hence OK
Provide Y12 mm dia @ 200 mm spacing at inner face of side wall
2
Distribution Reinforcement - 20% of Main Reinforcement = 113 mm
2

2
113 < 262
Hence OK
12.3.2 Check for SLS
a) Check for stress limitation
Side Wall (Earth

Bottom slab
Face ) Remarks /
Description units
Reference
Max moment - Rare kNm 167 48 136 190

From load combinations
Max moment - Quasi kNm 133 60 100 169
Permissible stress limitation - Rare combination Cl 12.2 of IRC 112-2011

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 56
VVD NRY PML
Compressive stress MPa

Tensile stress in
MPa
Permissible stress limitation - Ouasi permanent combination
Compressive stress
MPa
Tensile stress in
MPa
Calculation of Stress in concrete and reinforcement
c/s area Ac mm2 450000 450000 450000 450000 =+1000×450
Perimeter u mm 2900 2900 2900 2900 =2×(1000+450)
Notional size ho mm 310 310 310 310 ho = 2Ac / u
Age of Loading to days 28 28 28 28
Creep coefficient 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63
Ec,eff (long term) MPa 11793 11793 11793 11793 =+31×1000/(1+1.63)
Ecm (Short term) MPa 31000 31000 31000 31000
Modular ratio m
(Long term) 16.96 16.96 16.96 16.96 =+200×1000/11793
Modular ratio m
(short term) 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.45 =+200×1000/31000
2
Ast provided mm 2011 2011 2011 2011

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 57
VVD NRY PML
Stress calculation for Rare combination-Long term effect
Depth of neutral axis x
Depth of neutral axis mm 128 128 126 133
Cracked moment of Inertia
Ic mm4 2.6.E+09 2.6.E+09 2.5.E+09 3.1.E+09
Stress in concrete and R/F

Stress calculation for Quasi permanent combination-Long term effect
Stress calculation for Rare combination-Short term effect

Depth of neutral axis mm 85.46 85.46 84.40 88.96
Ic mm4 1.2.E+09 1.2.E+09 1.2.E+09 1.4.E+09
Stress calculation for Quasi permanent combination-Short term effect

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 58
VVD NRY PML
Check for Crack width - Quasi permanent

Permissible limit mm 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 Moderate exposure
Effective ht hceff mm 107 107 108 106 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112

2
Aceff mm 107420 107420 107985 105556
αe 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.45 Ratio of Es/Ecm
Factor kt 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112
Factor k1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112
Factor k2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Cl 12.3.4 of IRC 112
Dia of bar 1 mm 16 16 16 16
Dia of bar 2 mm 16 16 16 16
Equivalent dia Φ mm 16 16 16 16 Eq 12.9 of IRC 112
Factor ρp.eff 0.0187 0.0187 0.0186 0.0190 =+2011/105556
Max crack spacing
Sr,max mm 400 400 401 279
mean strain in concrete
εsm-εcm 0.00064 0.00028 0.00047 0.00083

Crack width W k mm 0.258 0.111 0.190 0.232 Wk < 0.3 mm
Crack width is with limit
Minimum Reinforcement for crack control

Xu = 68.98 68.98 67.48 74.06

2
Act mm 6.9E+04 6.9E+04 6.7E+04 7.4E+04
2
ss N / mm 240 240 240 240
2
fct,eff N / mm 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50
k 1 1 1 1
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
As min 287 287 281 309 OK


Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 59
VVD NRY PML
12.4 Summary of Reinforcement details

a) Flexural reinforcement
Main R/F Distribution R/F

spacing spacing
dia 1 1 dia 2 2 dia spacing
Top slab - Top 16 200 16 200 12 250
Top slab - Bottom 16 200 16 200 12 250
Side wall - Inner 12 200 0 200 10 300
Side wall - Outer 16 200 16 200 12 250
Bottom slab- Top 16 200 16 200 12 250
Bottom slab- Bottom 16 200 16 200 12 250
Note : Dia 1 and Dia 2 are placed alternatively
b) Shear reinforcement
Type Dia spacing long. spacing trans.
Top slab 1 legged 8 250 200

Side wall 0 legged 0 175 175
Bottom slab 1 legged 8 250 200
Calculation of development length and Lap length

Refer cl 15.2.4.3 of IRC 112-2011 and 15.2.5.1 of IRC 112-2011
The design anchorage length
Basic anchorage length lb = k*Φ

Factor k (as per table 15.4 of IRC 112) k = 40
Factor αa = 1.0
Minimum anchorage length for bar in tension
q lb.min = 0.3 lb
Ratio of Ast reqd / Ast provd (conservatively ) =1
Design anchorage length = 40 times dia
Lap length (more than 50%) 1.5 times ld = 60 times dia

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 60
VVD NRY PML
Curtailment Length Calculation

Bottom slab - top face
Bending moment at theoritical cut of point - Mur for Ast prov = 65 kNm
The above bending moment is at a distance of (from center) = 1660 mm
Total Curtailment provided at the center (equidistant on both sides) = 2300 mm
Curtailment provided in the drawing = 4600 mm
Bottom slab - bottom face

Side wall Reinforcement is provided up to point of contraflexure
The above bending moment is at a distance of (from face of wall) = 360 mm
Curtailment provided from face of wall C1 = 1000 mm
Top slab - bottom face

Bending moment at theoritical cut of point - Mur for Ast prov = 160 kNm
The above bending moment is at a distance of (from center) = 1550 mm
Total Curtailment provided at the center (equidistant on both sides) = 2190 mm
Curtailment provided in the drawing = 4380 mm
Bottom Slab- Shear Reinforcement

Top Slab- Shear Reinforcement


Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 61
VVD NRY PML
13.0 Calculation of Quantity of materials

13.1 Concrete quantity
0.40 5.90
5.0
0.45
3.5 4.35
0.45
Total Width of Structure = 11.7 m

=+((4.35×5.90)-
Concrete Quantity of Box = 96.06 m3
(5.0×3.5)+4×0.5×0.15×0.15)×11.7
3
Total Concrete Quantity = 96.06 m
13.2 Reinforcment Quantity
Y12 @ 250 1 2
5 Y16 @ 200 Y16 @ 200
4
6 Y12 @ 250 3 Y16 @ 200
Y16 @ 200 9
8 Y10 @ 300
7 Y12 @ 200 7
Y12 @ 250 Y12
9 @ 250
14 Y12 @ 250 11
Y16 @ 200
15
13 12 10
Y16 Y8 @ 250
Y12 @ 250 @ 200 Y16 @ 200
Clear Cover on earthen side = 0.075 m

Clear Cover on inner side = 0.040 m

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 62
VVD NRY PML
a) Flexural and Distribution reinforcement

Dia Spacing Length Volume
Bar mark Nos
mm mm m m3
Top Slab
1 16 200 60 8.8 0.11

2 16 200 60 6.25 0.08
3 16 200 60 4.38 0.05
4 12 250 25 12.12 0.03
5 12 250 25 12.12 0.03
Total 0.30
Side Wall
6 16 200 60 4.87 0.06
7 12 250 19 12.22 0.03
8 12 200 60 4.87 0.03
9 10 300 16 12.22 0.02
6a 16 200 60 6.985 0.08
Total for One Side Wall 0.22
Total for Two Side wall 0.44
Bottom Slab
10 16 200 60 8.8 0.11
11 16 200 60 4.6 0.06
12 16 200 60 6.25 0.08
13 12 250 25 12.22 0.03
14 12 250 25 12.22 0.03
Total 0.31
b) Shear Reinforcement
Dia slong strans Length Volume
Bar mark Nos
mm total nos mm m m3
15 8 14 200 60 0.37 0.02
16 8 10 200 60 0.37 0.01
c) Haunch Reinforcement
Dia Spacing Number Length Volume
Bar mark Nos of
mm mm Haunch m m3
16 8 200 60 4 1.2 0.01


Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 63
VVD NRY PML
3
Total volume of reinforcemet = 1.09 m
3
Density of steel = 7850 kg/m
Total weight of reinforcement steel = 8519 kg
3 3
Weight of reinforcement steel per m of concrete = 88.7 kg/m
Total Reinforcement Quantity = 8.52 T
Four Laning of Chikali-Tarsod section of NH-66 from km 360+000 to km Doc No Date Page
Project:
422+700 DN001 26.7.17 64 .
VVD NRY PML
14 Design Check Summary
Check for ULS - Flexure

Side Wall (Earth
Moment kNm 229 187 240 84 198 270
Depth required mm 215 194 219 130 199 233
Depth provided mm 352 344 367 367 359 394 Depth is adequate
Mu,limit kNm 617 589 671 671 642 773
2
Ast required mm 1620 1338 1618 538 1351 1692
Max Spacing mm 250 250 250 250 250 250
2
Ast Provided mm 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 Reinforcement provided is OK
MuR for Ast pro kNm 279 272 292 292 285 316 MuR > Mu
Project:
422+700 DN001 26.7.17 65 .
VVD NRY PML
Distribution reinforcement details

Ast required mm2 402 402 402 402 402 402
Diameter of bar mm 12 12 12 12 12 12
Ast Provided mm2 452 452 452 452 452 452 Reinforcement provided is OK
Spacing provided mm 250 250 250 250 250 250
Max Spacing mm 400 400 300 300 400 400 Spacing provided OK
Check for Shear
Description Unit Top slab Side wall Bottom slab Limits Reference / Check
Max shear force kN 276.16 148 307

VRd,c kN 174 179 177 VRd,c < VEd
Shear r/f Required Not Required Shear r/f Required Shear reinforcement reqd
Shear r/f requirement
VRd,max kN 775 827 809 Section is adequate
Type of stirrups 1 N/A 1
Diameter stirrups mm 8 N/A 8
Max Spacing trans. mm 258 275 269
Max Spacing long. mm 258 275 269
Spacing ,trans. mm 200 N/A 200 Spacing Provided is ok
Spacing ,long. mm 250 N/A 250 Spacing Provided is ok
Project:
422+700 DN001 26.7.17 66 .
VVD NRY PML
VRd,s kN 338 N/A 353

Reinforcement Reinforcement provided is OK
adequacy OK N/A OK
Shear r/f ratio ρw kN 0.00101 N/A 0.00101
Min. shear r/f ratio Reinforcement provided is OK

ρwmin kN 0.00079 N/A 0.00079
Summary of SLS check

Check for stress limitation and Crack width - Long term effect
Side Wall (Earth

Moment-Rare kNm 160 128 167 48 136 190
Moment-Quasi kNm 143 101 133 60 100 169
σc (Rare) MPa 8.3 6.9 8.0 2.3 6.8 8.1 14.4 OK
σst (Rare) MPa 256.8 210.8 255.6 73.8 213.5 270.2 400.0 OK
σc (Quasi) MPa 7.4 5.4 6.4 2.9 5.0 7.2 10.8 OK
σst (Quasi) MPa 229.7 165.4 203.7 92.4 157.7 240.3 400.0 OK
Crack width mm 0.214 0.130 0.258 0.111 0.190 0.232 0.30 OK
Project:
422+700 DN001 26.7.17 67 .
VVD NRY PML
Check for stress limitation and Crack width - Short term effect
Top slab Side wall Bottom slab
Description Unit Limits Reference / Check
Bottom Top Earth Inner Bottom Top
σc (Rare) MPa 11.8 9.9 11.5 3.3 9.7 11.7 14.4 OK
σst (Rare) MPa 245.9 201.8 245.0 70.7 204.6 259.2 400.0 OK
σc (Quasi) MPa 10.6 7.7 9.2 4.2 7.2 10.4 10.8 OK
σst (Quasi) MPa 220.0 158.3 195.2 88.6 151.0 230.6 400.0 OK
Check for Base Pressure
Description Unit Actual Limits Reference / Check
Base pressure kN/m2 100.92 150.0 OK


Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 68
VVD NRY PML
15.0 STAAD Input

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 21-May-14
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 8.10002 -0.049997 0; 2 13.55 -0.049997 0; 3 13.55 3.87501 0;
4 8.10002 3.87501 0; 5 8.32502 3.87501 0; 6 13.325 3.87501 0; 7 13.55 0.175 0;
8 8.10002 0.175 0; 9 13.55 3.675 0; 10 8.10002 3.675 0; 11 8.3271 -0.049997 0;
12 8.55418 -0.049997 0; 13 8.78127 -0.049997 0; 14 9.00835 -0.049997 0;
15 9.23543 -0.049997 0; 16 9.46251 -0.049997 0; 17 9.6896 -0.049997 0;
18 9.91668 -0.049997 0; 19 10.1438 -0.049997 0; 20 10.3708 -0.049997 0;
21 10.5979 -0.049997 0; 22 10.825 -0.049997 0; 23 11.0521 -0.049997 0;
24 11.2792 -0.049997 0; 25 11.5063 -0.049997 0; 26 11.7333 -0.049997 0;
27 11.9604 -0.049997 0; 28 12.1875 -0.049997 0; 29 12.4146 -0.049997 0;
30 12.6417 -0.049997 0; 31 12.8688 -0.049997 0; 32 13.0958 -0.049997 0;
33 13.3229 -0.049997 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
2 2 7; 3 1 8; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 3; 7 7 9; 8 8 10; 9 9 3; 10 10 4; 11 1 11;
12 11 12; 13 12 13; 14 13 14; 15 14 15; 16 15 16; 17 16 17; 18 17 18; 19 18 19;
20 19 20; 21 20 21; 22 21 22; 23 22 23; 24 23 24; 25 24 25; 26 25 26; 27 26 27;
28 27 28; 29 28 29; 30 29 30; 31 30 31; 32 31 32; 33 32 33; 34 33 2;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.1e+007
POISSON 0.2
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 5e-006
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
4 TO 6 PRIS YD 0.4 ZD 1
2 3 7 TO 10 PRIS YD 0.45 ZD 1
11 TO 34 PRIS YD 0.45 ZD 1
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
1 2 FIXED BUT MX MY MZ KFY 1703.13
11 TO 33 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ KFY 3406.25
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DEAD LOAD
SELFWEIGHT Y -1 LIST 2 TO 34
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL (CRASH BARRIER)
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -7.88
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL (SURFACING)
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -50.2
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 1 70 R TRACKED AT MID
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -9.28
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 3 40T BOGIE LOAD AT MID SPAN

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 69
VVD NRY PML
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -7.12
LOAD 6 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 5 70R WHEELED VECHICLE
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -5.95
LOAD 7 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 6 CLASS A SINGLE LANE
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -5.27
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD 6 CLASS A TWO LANE
MEMBER LOAD
4 TO 6 UNI GY -6.52
LOAD 11 LOADTYPE None TITLE BREAKING LOAD
JOINT LOAD
4 FX 2.63
LOAD 12 LOADTYPE None TITLE EARTH PRESSURE
MEMBER LOAD
10 TRAP GX 29 27
8 TRAP GX 64 29
3 TRAP GX 66.25 64
9 TRAP GX -29 -27
7 TRAP GX -64 -29
2 TRAP GX -66.25 -64
LOAD 13 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE
MEMBER LOAD
3 8 10 UNI GX 12
2 7 9 UNI GX -12
LOAD 14 LOADTYPE None TITLE LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE ON ONE SIDE FOR EP LEADING
MEMBER LOAD
3 8 10 UNI GX 12
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 4 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 4 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 4 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 5 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 5 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 5 1.15 12 1.5

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 70
VVD NRY PML
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 6 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 6 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 6 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 7 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 7 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 7 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 8 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 8 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 8 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.5 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.5 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.15 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 9 1.15 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 9 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 9 1.15 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 71
VVD NRY PML
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 -1.5 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 -1.15 12 1.5 13 1.2
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.5 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 11 1.15 14 1.2 12 1.5
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 4 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 4 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 4 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 5 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 5 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 5 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 6 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 6 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 6 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 7 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 7 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 7 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 8 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 8 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 8 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 9 1.0 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 9 1.0 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 9 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 -1.0 12 1.0 13 0.8
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 11 1.0 14 0.8 12 1.0

Project:
from km 360+000 to km 422+700 DN001 26.7.17 72
VVD NRY PML
***************************************************
LOAD COMB 1012 QUASI PERMANENT
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.2 12 1.0
**********************************************
LOAD COMB 1013 TOP SLAB SHEAR CHECK
1 1.35 2 1.35 3 1.75 12 1.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH

DN001-PA-KJS-Design of Box Culvert For Group-1

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What is the project about?

What is the project about?

What design loads were considered?

What design loads were considered?

National Highways

Vishvaraj Infrastructure Ltd. Authority of India

L&T Infrastructure Engineering Ltd.

PA 26/07/2017 Preliminary KJS NRY PML

Design of Box culvert for Group-1

13.1 Concrete quantity ................................................................................................................... 61

Design of Box culvert for Group-1

25 Design Check Summary ........................................................................................................... 132

Design of Box culvert for Group-1

Sr. Existing Chainage as Maximum Fill Minimum Fill Design Category

1 365+502 0.5 0.5 A

2 368+788 0.5 0.5 A

3 421+094 0.5 0.5 A

4 379+693 0.5 0.5 A

5 389+950 0.5 0.5 A

6 422+519 0.5 0.5 A

7 371+649 0.5 0.5 A

8 404+862 0.5 0.5 A

9 388+831 0.5 0.5 A

10 365+138 2.0 2.0 B

Design of Box culvert for Group-1

11 401+616 2.0 2.0 B

Figure 2-1 Structural System for Box Culvert

3 Design Data and Assumptions

Design of Box culvert for Group-1

Doc No Date Page

6.0 Materials (Refer Cl 3.1 of Design basis report)

Table 6.5 Grade of concrete = M30

7.1 Property Calculations

7.2 Idealisation of supports

Bottom slab divided into = 27 parts

8.1 Dead load (DL)

31.00 kN/m² 12 kN/m²

Lateral Earth Pressure

8.4 Live load Surcharge (LS)

Dispersion of loads through fill is taken as 1:1

Calculation of effective width of loading (beff)

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.40 = 4.63

If 5.35/2 > 1.03

Dispersed length in the direction parallel of traffic direction (dL) = 5.570 m

Impact factor = 25.0 %

0.00 m 5.40 m 0.00 m

Dispersion of loads through fill is taken as 1:1

Calculation of effective width of loading (beff)

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.40 = 4.63

So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+5.19+5.19-1.630×2-0.615 6.51 m

0.00 m 3.28 m 0.00 m

1.93 1.2 0.35 Direction of Traffic

Calculation of effective width of loading (beff)

(b/ l0 ) =25/5.4 = 4.63

If 5.14/2 > 0.965 Overlapping will occur

Length of overlap =0.5×(5.144-1.93) = 1.607 m

So, the actual dispersed width (bP) =+5.14+5.14-1.607×2-0.592 = 6.48 m

0.98 m 3.43 m 0.98 m