A Detailed Lesson Plan in General Mathematics

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
1. define what is inverse function; and
2. find the inverse of a function

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Inverse of One-to-One Functions
Instructional Materials: Slide Presentation, Chalkboard
Reference:
Department of Education Senior High School Series: General Mathematics. Lexicon
Press Inc. Pasig City. 2016.
Value Focus: Cooperation
Strategy: Deductive Strategy
Multiple Intelligences: Logical-Mathematical, Verbal-Linguistic, Interpersonal,
Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic

III. Learning Activities

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

1. Preparatory Activities
a. Prayer
b. Greetings
c. Checking of Attendance
d. Review of the Past Lesson

Good morning class! Good morning ma’am!

Do you still remember our lesson yesterday? Yes ma’am.

What was it all about?

Our lesson yesterday was all about One-to-
One Functions.

Alright. Based on your activity, Which of the

following are one-to-one functions?
(a) books to authors Only b is a one-to-one function. Books can
(b) sim cards to cell phone numbers have multiple authors who wrote the book. A
(c) true or false questions to answers true or false question has only one answer so
(Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence) it is a function but a “True” answer can
correspond to multiple questions.

Very good. Which of the following relations is a Both a and c are one-to-one functions. B is a
one-to-one function? function however it is not one-to-one since it
(a) {(0,0), (1,1), (2,8), (3,27), (4,64)} has y-values that are paired up with two
(b) {(-2,4), (-1,1), (0,0), (1,1), (2,4)} different x-values.
(c) {(0,4), (1,5), (2,6), (3,7), … (n,,n+4),…}
(Logical-Mathematical Intelligence)
1|Page
 The function f is one-to-one if for any 𝑥1 ,
Exactly! So what is one-to-one function then? 𝑥2 in the domain of f, then f(𝑥1 ) ≠ f(𝑥2 ). That is,
(Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence) the same y-values is never paired with two
different x-values.

Excellent! It’s good that you still remember our

lesson about One-to-One Functions. Any
question class? None ma’am.

a. Motivation
(Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence, Interpersonal
Intelligence, Logical-Mathematical
Intelligence, Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence)

Before we proceed to our next lesson, let us first

have an activity named “Shuffle and Arrange”.
Are you excited to do this?
Yes ma’am.
You will do it by group and that will be based
on your seating arrangement by row. Row 1 is
group 1; row 2 is group 2, and so on. Did you get
it?
Yes ma’am.
Let us now proceed with the directions.
Everybody please read the first one.

Directions:
1. The teacher will give you an envelope
containing unarranged phrase.

Alright. Now, I will give you the envelopes with 2. Rearrange the phrase to discover a
the unarranged phrase inside it. Hold first your meaningful sentence.
envelopes and everybody read the second Paste your answer on the board.
direction.

Thank you. In the second direction, you will

shuffle the phrase, arrange them and paste it
on the board. Did you get it?

Good. You will do it in 3 minutes. The group who

can answer it correctly will be the winner. Do
you understand? Yes ma’am

Since you have now your envelopes and (The students do the shuffling and arranging
everything is set. You can start shuffling and of phrase.)
arranging the phrase.
Time is up! Let us now check your works. I will
show to you the correct answer.

Congratulations to the winning group! How did We worked by helping each other and
you finish the activity in a short period of time? dividing the tasks.
Let’s hear from the winning group, anyone?

2|Page
Very good. It is very important for a group to
have cooperation to finish the task easier on
time especially with time pressure. Any question
with the activity class? None ma’am.

2. Presentation and Development of the

Lesson

Your activity a while ago is related to our lesson

for today which is all about “Inverse of a One-
to-One Functions”. Are you excited to learn
about it? Yes ma’am.

Now, how will you define the word “INVERSE”

and relate it in function? (Answers may vary.)

Original Function Inverse Function

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 y -6 -5 -4 -3 -2

Based on the illustration, what do you mean by

inverse? A relation reversing the process performed by
(Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence) any function f(x) is called inverse of f(x). This
means that the every element of the range
corresponds to exactly one element of the
domain.

Very Good. And why is that it states one-to-one One-to-one function: Function but not
function? Why not all function? one-to-one
(Spatial Intelligence) x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 y 4 1 0 1 4

x -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 x 4 1 0 1 4
y -2 -1 0 1 2 y -2 -1 0 1 2

Not a valid function.

A function has an inverse if and only if it is one-

to-one.
Precisely. That’s right! Do you have questions
about inverse? None so far.

For example:

1. Find the inverse of a function described

by the set of ordered pairs {(0,-2), (1,0),
(2,2), (3,4)}.

To get the inverse of the function, simply

interchange the domain and range or the x
and y coordinates.

Therefore, the inverse of the function is {(-2,0),

(0,1), (2,2), (4,3)}.

3|Page
Can you follow class? Yes ma’am.

Another example:

2. Find the inverse of a function f(x) = 3x+1 (students will do the activity)

To find the inverse of a function, we will have

the following steps. Everyone please read. To find the inverse of a function or 𝑓 −1 (x)
1. Replace f(x) with y
2. Interchange x and y
3. Solve for the new y in the equation
4. Replace the new y with 𝑓 −1 (x)

Following the steps, we will have:

f(x) = 3x+1
y = 3x+1 Given
x = 3y+1 Interchange x and y.
x - 1 = 3y Solve for y.
𝑥−1 3𝑦
=
3 3
𝑥−1
y= 3
𝑥−1
𝑓 −1(x) = Replace y with 𝑓 −1 (x).
3
Therefore, the inverse of the function f(x) = 3x+1
𝑥−1
is 𝑓 −1 (x) = 3 .

Yes ma’am.
Is it clear to you?

Alright. Let’s have another problem. Can I 1

request a volunteer to read? 3. Find the inverse of a function f(x) = 2 x+4.
(Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence)

Try to solve it on your notebook. Any volunteer Solution:

1
who will write the answer on the board? f(x) = 2 x + 4
(Logical-Mathematical Intelligence) 1
y=2x+4
1
x=2y+4
1
x-4=2y
1
2 (x-4) = 2 (2 y)
2x – 8 = y
y = 2x – 8

1
Therefore, what is the inverse of the function f(x) The inverse of the function f(x) = 2 x+4 is 𝑓 (x)
−1
1
= 2 x+4? = 2x – 8.

3. Application

At this moment, we will have a group activity.

Let’s try to solve this problems with a twist. We
will have two groups. Count off 1 to 2 and sit
with your group. Anyone who can read the
problems on the board?
(Verbal Linguistic Intelligence, Logical-
Mathematical Intelligence)

4|Page
In the first case, the first group will solve the
problem and in the second case the second
group will solve. Write your answers in the 1. nPn = 8P8
manila paper and present your answers in front = 8!
of the class after five minutes. =8x7x6x5x4x3x2x1
= 40,320
Okay. Time is up. Let’s check your answers.
For group 1, there are no restrictions means all
of them can line up at the same time, right? 2. nPn = 10P10
= 10!
Great. Therefore, in how many ways can the = 10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
family line up without restrictions? = 3,628,800

Problem Solving:

1. nPn = 9P9
= 9!
=9x8x7x6x5x4x3x2x1
= 362,880
Therefore, there are 362,880 ways can her
For the second group, the parents stand students arrange their selves in a row.
together means they are counted as one. Thus,
how many persons are we going to consider in 2. Arrangements of the 3 types of books = 3P3
the arrangements? = 3!
=3x2x1
=6
Arrangements of math books = 3P3 = 3!
=3x2x1
=6
Very good. The problem doesn’t end here yet. Arrangements of 4 science books = 4P4 = 4!
Since the parents stand together, they can still =4x3x2x1
interchange their selves, right? = 24
Arrangements of 5 history books = 5P5 = 5!
Therefore, how many arrangements can the =5x4x3x2x1
parents do? = 120
Total Arrangements of books = 6 x 6 x 24 x 120
Precisely. What is the final number of = 103, 680
arrangements now? There are 103,680 different ways can these
books be arranged on a shelf if books of the
Correct. There are 1440 ways the family can line same subject must be kept together.
up for the photograph if the parents stand
together. Any question class?

4. Generalization
(Verbal Linguistic Intelligence)

To sum up our lesson for today, when we speak 1. nPn = 6P6

of arrangements, what mathematical concept = 6!
does it refer? =6x5x4x3x2x1
= 720
Very good. What does permutation mean?
2. nPn = 7P7
= 7!
That’s great. What does the rule on =7x6x5x4x3x2x1
permutation of n object states? = 5040

5|Page
 Problem Solving:
Good. Do you have some clarifications?
1. nPn = 5P5
IV. Evaluation = 5!
(Logical-Mathematical Intelligence) =5x4x3x2x1
= 120
Direction: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, evaluate Therefore, there are 120 different
the following permutation of objects. (2 pts. permutations of these letters can be made if
each) no letter is used more than once.
1. 8P8
2. 10P10 2. Arrangements of the books since math
books are counted as one = 6P6
= 6!
= 6 x5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
= 720

Arrangements of math books= 4P4

= 4!
=4x3x2x1
Problem solving: = 24
Solve the following problems. (3 pts. each)
720 x 24 = 17, 280 ways
1. Teacher Ana wants her 9 students arrange There are 17, 280 ways to arrange the books
their selves in a row. In how many ways can on a shelf if the math books are kept together.
they sit in a row?

2. Aaron has 3 math books, 4 science books,

and 5 history books. How many different ways
can these books be arranged on a shelf if
books of the same subject must be kept
together?

V. Assignment
(Logical-Mathematical Intelligence)

6|Page
Direction: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, evaluate
the following permutation of objects. (2 pts.
each)
1. 6P6
2. 7P7

Problem solving:
Solve the following problems. (3 pts. each)

1. A license plate has five letters. If the possible

letters are A, B , C , D , and E, how many
different permutations of these letters can be
made if no letter is used more than once?

2. How many different ways can 4 math books

and 5 other books be arranged on a shelf if the
math books are kept together?

Prepared by:
GARYLEN MAY N. VARGAS

7|Page