Advanced Java Programming

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Event Handling
20 Marks
 Specific Objectives

 To write event driven programs using the delegation

event model.

 To write programs using adapter classes & the inner

classes.

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 The Delegation Event Model

 Modern approach to handling events is based on the

“delegation event model”.

 Defines standard and consistent mechanisms to generate

and process event’s.

 “Source” generates an event and sends it to one or more

listeners.

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 The Delegation Event Model : Event
 Event is an object that describes a state change in a
source.
 Some action we have to performed when it is generated.
 Generated when user is interacted with components.
 Example: Pressing Button, Selecting item from list etc.
 It can be also generated when timer expires, counter
value exceeds, software and hardware failure etc.

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 Event Source
 Source is an object that generates an event.
 This occurs when the internal state of that object
changes.
 Sources may generate more than one type of event.
 Sources must be register listener so that listener will
receive notifications.
 For Register/add:
 public void addTypeListener(TypeListener el)
 For remove:
 public void removeTypeListener(TypeListener el)

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 Event Listener

 Listener is an object that is notified when an event

occurs.

 Two requirements:
 It must have been registered with one or more sources to
receive notifications.
 It must implement methods to receive and process these
notifications.

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 Event Classes
 Event Classes are core of Java’s event handling
mechanism.
 EventObject is the root of the Java event class
hierarchy which is present in java.util.
 It is the superclass for all events.
 Constructor: EventObject(Object src).
 EventObject class has defines two methods:
 Object getSource( ) : method returns the source of the event.
 String toString( ) : returns string equivalent of the event.

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 Event Classes : AWTEvent

 AWTEvent is defined in java.awt package.

 It is a subclass of EventObject.
 It is the superclass of all AWT-based events.

 Summarize:
 EventObject is a superclass of all events.
 AWTEvent is a superclass of all AWT events that are
handled by the delegation event model.

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 Summary

 Event Source – the class which broadcasts the events

 Event Listeners – the classes which receive notifications
of events
 Event Object – the class object which describes the
event.

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 Event Classes : Diff classes
 ActionEvent
 ComponentEvent
 ContainerEvent
 FocusEvent
 ItemEvent
 KeyEvent
 MouseEvent
 TextEvent
 WindowEvent

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 ActionEvent
 Generated when a button is pressed, a list item is
double-clicked, or a menu item is selected.
 ActionEvent class defines four integer constants that
can be used to identify any modifiers associated with an
action event:
 ALT_MASK, (8)
 CTRL_MASK, (2)
 META_MASK, (4)
 SHIFT_MASK. (1)
 In addition, an integer constant,
ACTION_PERFORMED (1001), which can be used
to identify action events 11
 ActionEvent
 Constructors:
 ActionEvent(Object src, int type, String cmd)
 ActionEvent(Object src, int type, String cmd, int modifiers)
 ActionEvent(Object src, int type, String cmd, long when, int
modifiers)
 src: object which generate event
 type: type of event
 cmd: Command string
 modifiers: which modifier key
 when: when the event occurred

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 ActionEvent
 getActionCommand() used to get command name.
 int getModifiers() used to get modifier key.
 long getWhen( ) used to get when event generated.

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 ComponentEvent class
 A ComponentEvent is generated when the size,
position, or visibility of a component is changed.
 There are four types of component events

 COMPONENT_HIDDEN The component was hidden.

 COMPONENT_MOVED The component was moved.
 COMPONENT_RESIZED The component was resized.
 COMPONENT_SHOWN The component became visible.

 Constructor:
 ComponentEvent(Component src, int type)

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 ContainerEvent class
 ContainerEvent is generated when a component is
added to or removed from a container.
 Two Constants defined
 COMPONENT_ADDED and
 COMPONENT_REMOVED
 Subclass of ComponentEvent Class
 Constructor:
 ContainerEvent(Component src, int type, Component comp)

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 FocusEvent class
 FocusEvent is generated when a component gains or
loses input focus.
 Two constants defined:
 FOCUS_GAINED and FOCUS_LOST.
 Constructors:
 FocusEvent(Component src, int type)
 FocusEvent(Component src, int type, boolean temporaryFlag)
 Focus Event(Component src, int type, boolean
temporaryFlag, Component other)
 isTemporary( ) method indicates if this focus change is
temporary.
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 ItemEvent Class
 ItemEvent is generated when a check box or a list item
is clicked or when a checkable menu item is selected or
deselected.
 Item events:
 DESELECTED The user deselected an item.
 SELECTED The user selected an item.
 ITEM_STATE_CHANGED that signifies a change of state.
 Constructor:
 ItemEvent(ItemSelectable src, int type, Object entry, int state)

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 KeyEvent Class
 KeyEvent is generated when keyboard input occurs.
 There are three types of key events:
 KEY_PRESSED,
 KEY_RELEASED, and
 KEY_TYPED
 Constructor:
 KeyEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int modifiers,
int code)
 KeyEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int modifiers,
int code, char ch)

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 KeyEvent Class
 There are many other integer constants that are defined
by KeyEvent.

 VK_0 through VK_9 and VK_A through VK_Z define

the ASCII equivalents of the numbers and letters.

 VK_ENTER VK_ESCAPE VK_CANCEL

VK_UP VK_DOWN VK_LEFT VK_RIGHT
VK_PAGE_DOWN VK_PAGE_UP VK_SHIFT
VK_ALT VK_CONTROL

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 MouseEvent Class
 Eight types of mouse events.
 The MouseEvent class defines the following integer
constants
 MOUSE_CLICKED The user clicked the mouse.
 MOUSE_DRAGGED The user dragged the mouse.
 MOUSE_ENTERED The mouse entered a component.
 MOUSE_EXITED The mouse exited from a component.
 MOUSE_MOVED The mouse moved.
 MOUSE_PRESSED The mouse was pressed.
 MOUSE_RELEASED The mouse was released.
 MOUSE_WHEEL The mouse wheel was moved
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 MouseEvent Class
 MouseEvent is a subclass of InputEvent.
 Constructor:
 MouseEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int
modifiers, int x, int y, int clicks, boolean triggersPopup)

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 TextEvent Class
 These are generated by text fields and text areas when
characters are entered by a user or program.
 TextEvent defines the integer constant
TEXT_VALUE_CHANGED.
 Constructor:
 TextEvent(Object src, int type)

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 WindowEvent Class
 There are ten types of window events.
 WindowEvent class defines integer constants:
 WINDOW_ACTIVATED The window was activated.
 WINDOW_CLOSED The window has been closed.
 WINDOW_CLOSING The user requested that the window be closed.
 WINDOW_DEACTIVATED The window was deactivated.
 WINDOW_DEICONIFIED The window deiconified (min => Normal).
 WINDOW_GAINED_FOCUS The window gained input focus.
 WINDOW_ICONIFIED The window was iconified(Normal=>min)
 WINDOW_LOST_FOCUS The window lost input focus.
 WINDOW_OPENED The window was opened.
 WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED The state of the window changed.

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 WindowEvent Class
 WindowEvent is a subclass of ComponentEvent.

 WindowEvent(Window src, int type, Window other)

 WindowEvent(Window src, int type, int fromState, int toState)
 WindowEvent(Window src, int type, Window other, int
fromState, int toState)

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 Adapter Class
 An adapter class provides an empty implementation of
all methods in an event listener interface.
 Adapter classes are useful when you want to receive and
process only some of the events that are handled by a
particular event listener interface.
 Example:

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 Adapter Class : Different Classes
 ComponentAdapter ComponentListener
 ContainerAdapter ContainerListener
 FocusAdapter FocusListener
 KeyAdapter KeyListener
 MouseAdapter MouseListener
 MouseMotionAdapter MouseMotionListener
 WindowAdapter WindowListener

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 Inner Class
 Inner class is class which defined in another class.
 In inner classes, the Adapter class will defined in same
class.
 No need of passing reference of object as it is in same
scope.
 Ex.

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 Anonymous Inner Class
 An anonymous inner class is one that is not assigned a
name.
 Ex.

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 Event Listeners Interfaces
 Event Delegation Model has two parts: Sources and
Listeners.
 When event generated, then event source invoked
appropriate method defined by interface.

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 Action Listener Interface

 Defines one method to receive action events.

 void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)

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 ComponentListener Interface
 Defines four methods to recognize when a component is
hidden, moved, resized, or shown.
 void componentResized(ComponentEvent ce)
 void componentMoved(ComponentEvent ce)
 void componentShown(ComponentEvent ce)
 void componentHidden(ComponentEvent ce)

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 ContainerListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when a component is
added to or removed from a container.
 void componentAdded(ContainerEvent ce)
 void componentRemoved(ContainerEvent ce)

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 FocusListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when a component
gains or loses keyboard focus.
 void focusGained(FocusEvent fe)
 void focusLost(FocusEvent fe)

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 ItemListener Interface
 Defines one method to recognize when the state of an
item changes.
 void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie)

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 KeyListener Interface
 Defines three methods to recognize when a key is
pressed, released, or typed.
 void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke)
 void keyReleased(KeyEvent ke)
 void keyTyped(KeyEvent ke)

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 MouseListener Interface
 Defines five methods to recognize when the mouse is
clicked, enters a component, exits a component, is
pressed, or is released.
 void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me)
 void mouseEntered(MouseEvent me)
 void mouseExited(MouseEvent me)
 void mousePressed(MouseEvent me)
 void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me)

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 MouseMotionListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when the mouse is
dragged or moved.
 void mouseDragged(MouseEvent me)
 void mouseMoved(MouseEvent me)

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 TextListener Interface
 Defines one method to recognize when a text value
changes.
 void textValueChanged(TextEvent te)

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 WindowFocusListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when a window gains
or loses input focus
 void windowGainedFocus(WindowEvent we)
 void windowLostFocus(WindowEvent we)

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 WindowListener Interface
 Defines seven methods to recognize:
 void windowActivated(WindowEvent we)
 void windowClosed(WindowEvent we)
 void windowClosing(WindowEvent we)
 void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent we)
 void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent we)
 void windowIconified(WindowEvent we)
 void windowOpened(WindowEvent we)

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