Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 116 views

    CHE1031 Exam 2: Moles Through Stoichiometry & Quantitative Analysis KEY

    Uploaded by

    TG17 Noble
    1. The document provides the key and instructions for an exam on moles, stoichiometry, and quantitative analysis. It includes 20 practice problems covering these topics, with the last two as extra credit. 2. Example problems calculate molar masses, moles, empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, molarity, and percent yields. 3. The document provides necessary conversion factors and formulas to solve quantitative chemistry problems involving amounts of substances and chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CHE1031 Exam 2: Moles Through Stoichiometry & Quantitative Analysis KEY

    Uploaded by

    TG17 Noble
    116 views5 pages
    1. The document provides the key and instructions for an exam on moles, stoichiometry, and quantitative analysis. It includes 20 practice problems covering these topics, with the last two as extra credit. 2. Example problems calculate molar masses, moles, empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, molarity, and percent yields. 3. The document provides necessary conversion factors and formulas to solve quantitative chemistry problems involving amounts of substances and chemical reactions.

    Original Title

    che1031_exam_2_s18_key.docx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document provides the key and instructions for an exam on moles, stoichiometry, and quantitative analysis. It includes 20 practice problems covering these topics, with the last two as extra credit. 2. Example problems calculate molar masses, moles, empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, molarity, and percent yields. 3. The document provides necessary conversion factors and formulas to solve quantitative chemistry problems involving amounts of substances and chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    116 views5 pages

    CHE1031 Exam 2: Moles Through Stoichiometry & Quantitative Analysis KEY

    Uploaded by

    TG17 Noble
    1. The document provides the key and instructions for an exam on moles, stoichiometry, and quantitative analysis. It includes 20 practice problems covering these topics, with the last two as extra credit. 2. Example problems calculate molar masses, moles, empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, molarity, and percent yields. 3. The document provides necessary conversion factors and formulas to solve quantitative chemistry problems involving amounts of substances and chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document provides an exam review covering topics related to stoichiometry, including moles, molar mass, empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, and quantitative chemical analysis.

    The document is an exam review for a chemistry exam covering topics such as moles, molar mass, empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, quantitative chemical analysis, and solution concentrations.

    The main topics covered in the document include moles and the mole concept, determining empirical and molecular formulas, reaction stoichiometry, solution concentrations such as molarity, and quantitative chemical analysis through titration.

    CHE1031

    Vermont Tech

    CHE1031 Exam 2: Moles through stoichiometry & quantitative analysis


    KEY
    You’ll find a periodic table and table of conversion factors attached. You are allowed notes
    on one side of a 3x5-inch card and a calculator. Please show all work for partial credit and
    please ask if you have questions.

    3: Composition of substances & solutions

    3.1: Formula mass and the mole concept


    1. For each compound:
    (a) Write its molecular formula.
    (b) Determine its molecular mass (or MW).

    (a) C4H6 and Si2H2Cl4


    (b) 54.10 g/mol and 200.00 g/mol

    2. Compare 1 mole of H2, 1 mole of O2, and 1 mole of F2.


    (a) Which has the largest number of molecules? Explain why.
    (b) Which has the greatest mass? Explain why.
    (a) One mole of anything has the same number of molecules: 6.02 E23 molecules per 1
    mole.
    (b) The mass of one mole is determined by molar mass. O2 has a molar mass of 31.98
    g/mol while F2 has a MW of 38.00 g/mol, so the mass of a mole of F2 is greater.

    3. Given 23 kg of calcium carbonate, Ca(CO3):


    (a) Determine the number of moles of the compound.
    (b) Determine the number of moles of each atom.
    (a) 23 kg 1 E3 g 1 mol = 230 mol
    1 kg 100.06 g
    (b) X 1 = 230 mol Ca, C and X 3 = 690 mol O

    4. How many atoms of hydrogen are there in 12.0 g of sucrose, C12H22O11?


    MW = 342.30 g/mol
    12.0 g 1 mol 6.02 E23 molecules 22 atoms H = 4.64 E23 atoms H
    342.30 g 1 mole 1 molecule

    OpenStax Chemistry 1
    CHE1031
    Vermont Tech

    3.2: Determining empirical and molecular formulas


    5. Determine the percent composition of hydrazoic acid, HN3.
    MW = 43.03 g/mol H = 1.01 (100) = 2.3% N = 42.03 (100) = 97.6%
    43.04 43.04

    6. Determine the empirical formula for a compound with 15.8% carbon and 84.2% sulfur.
    15.8 g 1 mol = 1.32 mol C 84.2 g 1 mol = 2.63 mol 2.63 = 2  CS2
    12.01 g 32.06 g 1.32

    7. A major textile dye manufacturer developed a new yellow dye. The dye has a percent
    composition of 75.95% C, 17.72% N, and 6.33% H by mass with a molar mass of about 240
    g/mol. Determine the molecular formula of the dye.
    75.95 g 1 mol = 6.324 mol C 17.72 g 1 mol = 1.265 mol N 6.33 mol N = 6.267 mol H
    12.01 g 14.01 g 1.01 g
    Divide all by 1.265 mol C =5
    N = 1  C5NH5  EW = 79.11
    H=5
    MW = 240 g/mol = 3  thus, MF = C15N3H15
    EW 79.11 g/mol

    3.3: Molarity
    8. Determine the molarity of 20.54 g of Al(NO3)3 in 1575 mL of solution
    20.54 g 1 mol = 6.126 E-2 M
    212.92 1.575 L

    9. An Erlenmeyer flask contains 325 mL of 8.23 E-5 M KI, potassium iodide.


    (a) Calculate the number of moles of KI in the flask.
    (b) Calculate the mass of KI in the flask.
    (a) 325 mL 1 L 8.23 E-5 mol = 2.67 E-5 mol
    1 E3 mL 1L
    (b) 2.67 E-5 mol 166.00 g = 4.43 E-3 g
    1 mol

    10. If 0.1718 L of a 0.3556-M C3H7OH solution is diluted to a concentration of 0.1222 M, what is


    the volume of the resulting solution?
    (0.1718 L)(0.3556 M) = (X L)(0.1222 M) = 0.4999 L
    0.1222 M

    3.4: Other units for solution concentrations


    Addressed as an extra credit problem.

    OpenStax Chemistry 2
    CHE1031
    Vermont Tech

    4: Stoichiometry of chemical reactions

    4.1: Writing and balancing chemical equations


    11. The mineral fluorite (calcium fluoride) occurs extensively in Illinois. Solid calcium fluoride
    can also be prepared by the reaction of aqueous solutions of calcium chloride and sodium
    fluoride, yielding aqueous sodium chloride as the other product. Write complete and net
    ionic equations for this reaction.
    CaCl2(aq) + 2NaF(aq)  2NaCl(aq) + CaF2(s)
    Ca+2 + 2Cl-1 + 2Na+1 + 2F-1  2Na+1 + 2Cl-1 + CaF2(s)

    4.2: Classifying chemical reactions


    12. Identify the type(s) of reaction each equation represents.
    (a) Ca(s) + Br2(l) ⟶ CaBr2(s)
    (b) Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HBr(aq) ⟶ CaBr2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
    (c) C6H12(l) + 9O2(g) ⟶ 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)
    (a) combination
    (b) exchange & acid-base (neutralization)
    (c) combustion

    13. Which combination will produce a precipitate?


    (a) NiBr2 + Ag(NO3)   AgBr is a solid
    (b) NaI + KBr 
    (c) K2(SO4) + CrCl3 
    (d) K(OH) + Ba(NO3)2 
    (e) Li2(CO3) + CsI 

    14. Complete and balance this acid-base reaction: HCl gas reacts with solid Ca(OH)2(s).
    2HCl(g) + Ca(OH)2(s)  2H2O(l) + CaCl2(aq)

    15. Barium reacts with hydrobromic acid in a redox reaction: Ba(s) + HBr(aq) ⟶
    (a) Complete and balance the reaction and
    (b) Assign oxidation numbers to determine which reactant is oxidized and which is
    reduced.
    (a) Ba(s) + 2HBr(aq) ⟶ BaBr2 + H2
    (b) 0 +1/-1 +2/-1 0 Ba is oxidized; H is reduced

    16. Balance this equation using the half-reaction method in acidic aqueous solution.
    Zn(s) + NO3−1(aq) ⟶ Zn+2(aq) + N2(g)
    (Zn(s) ⟶ Zn+2(aq) + 2e- (in acid))x5
    (2NO3−1(aq) + 12H+1 + 10e- ⟶ N2(g) (in acid) + 6H2O)

    OpenStax Chemistry 3
    CHE1031
    Vermont Tech

    4.3: Reaction stoichiometry


    17. A chemist combusts 2.5 g of propane (C3H8) with excess oxygen. How many grams of
    water are produced?
    C3H8 + 5O2  3CO2 + 4H2O
    2.5 g 1 mol propane 4 mol water 18.02 g = 4.08 g water
    44.11 g 1 mol propane 1 mol water

    4.4: Reaction yields


    18. Elemental aluminum is combined with diatomic chlorine gas to produce aluminum
    chloride.
    (a) If 2.5 g of metal is mixed with 2.5 g of gas, how many grams of aluminum chloride are
    produced?
    (b) If the actual yield of aluminum chloride is 2.0 g, what is the percent yield?
    (a) 2Al + 3Cl2  2AlCl3
    2.5 g Al 1 mol Al 2 mol AlCl3 133.33 g = 12.35 g AlCl3
    26.98 g 2 mol Al 1 mol AlCl3
    2.5 g Cl2 1 mol Cl2 2 mol AlCl3 133.33 g = 3.13 g AlCl3  limiting rc’t & theor. yield
    70.90 g 3 mol Cl2 1 mol AlCl3
    (b) % yield = (2.0/3.13)(100) = 63.9%

    4.5: Quantitative chemical analysis


    19. What volume of a 0.00945-M solution of potassium hydroxide would be required to
    titrate 50.00 mL of a sample of acid rain with a H2SO4 concentration of 1.23 E-4 M.
    H2(SO4)(aq) + 2K(OH)(aq) ⟶ K2(SO4)(aq) + 2H2O(l)
    50.00 mL X mL
    1.23 E-4 M 0.00945 M
    0.05000 L 1.23 E-4 mol 2 mol K(OH) 1 L = 0.001302 L = 1.302 mL
    1 L 1 mol H2(SO4) 0.00945 mol

    20. Benzene is a liquid compound composed of carbon and hydrogen. A sample of benzene is
    burned in excess oxygen and produces 1156 g of carbon dioxide and 236.6 g of water. The
    MW of benzene is 78.11 g/mol.
    (a) What is the empirical formula of benzene?
    (b) What is the molecular formula of benzene?
    CxHy + O2  xCO2 + y/2H2O
    1156 g CO2 1 mol CO2 1 mol C = 26.28 mol C mol ratio = 26.28 mol C = 1:1  CH
    43.99 g 1 mol CO2 26.27 mol H
    236.6 g H2O 1 mol H2O 2 mol H = 26.27 mol H EW = 13.02 g/mol
    18.01 g 1 mol H2O
    MW = 78.11 g/mol = 5.99  6 So, benzene is C6H6
    EW 13.02 g/mol

    OpenStax Chemistry 4
    CHE1031
    Vermont Tech

    Extra credit
    A. The hardness of water (hardness count) is usually expressed in parts per million (by mass)
    of Ca(CO3), which is equivalent to milligrams of Ca(CO3) per liter of water. What is the
    molar concentration of Ca+2 ions in a water sample with a hardness count of 175 mg
    Ca(CO3)/L?
    175 mg 1g 1 mol = 1.75 E-3 M
    1L 1 E3 mg 100.06 g

    B. Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), Na(HCO3), can be purified by dissolving it in hot water
    (60 °C), filtering to remove insoluble impurities, cooling to 0 °C to precipitate solid
    Na(HCO3), and then filtering to remove the solid, leaving soluble impurities in solution.
    Any Na(HCO3) that remains in solution is not recovered. The solubility of Na(HCO3) in hot
    water of 60 °C is 164 g/L. Its solubility in cold water of 0 °C is 69 g/L. What is the percent
    yield of Na(HCO3) when it is purified by this method?
    % yield = 69 g/L = 42.1%
    164 g/L

    OpenStax Chemistry 5

    You might also like