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    Diagnostic Approach:: Renal Losses Extrarenal Losses

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    This document provides a diagnostic approach for hyponatremia and hypernatremia. It categorizes the potential causes into hypovolemia, euvolemia, and hypervolemia. For each category it lists specific renal and extrarenal losses or conditions that could lead to low or high sodium levels. The diagnostic approach involves measuring urine sodium levels, with levels above 20 mEq/L suggesting hypovolemia and levels below 10 mEq/L suggesting hypervolemia.

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    Diagnostic Approach:: Renal Losses Extrarenal Losses

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    Pat
    13 views2 pages
    This document provides a diagnostic approach for hyponatremia and hypernatremia. It categorizes the potential causes into hypovolemia, euvolemia, and hypervolemia. For each category it lists specific renal and extrarenal losses or conditions that could lead to low or high sodium levels. The diagnostic approach involves measuring urine sodium levels, with levels above 20 mEq/L suggesting hypovolemia and levels below 10 mEq/L suggesting hypervolemia.

    Original Description:

    A simple diagnostic algorithm to diagnose the etiology of electrolyte disorders.

    Original Title

    Electrolyte Disorders

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    This document provides a diagnostic approach for hyponatremia and hypernatremia. It categorizes the potential causes into hypovolemia, euvolemia, and hypervolemia. For each category it lists specific renal and extrarenal losses or conditions that could lead to low or high sodium levels. The diagnostic approach involves measuring urine sodium levels, with levels above 20 mEq/L suggesting hypovolemia and levels below 10 mEq/L suggesting hypervolemia.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views2 pages

    Diagnostic Approach:: Renal Losses Extrarenal Losses

    Uploaded by

    Pat
    This document provides a diagnostic approach for hyponatremia and hypernatremia. It categorizes the potential causes into hypovolemia, euvolemia, and hypervolemia. For each category it lists specific renal and extrarenal losses or conditions that could lead to low or high sodium levels. The diagnostic approach involves measuring urine sodium levels, with levels above 20 mEq/L suggesting hypovolemia and levels below 10 mEq/L suggesting hypervolemia.

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    Diagnostic approach:

    Hyponatremia

    Hypovolemia Euvolemia Hypervolemia

    Renal losses Extrarenal losses Glucocorticoid deficiency


    Hypothyroidism
    Pain ARF (Acute renal faillure)
    Nephrotic syndrome
    Diuretic excess Vomiting Emotional stress
    Cardiac failure
    Mineralocorticoid Diarrhea Drugs CRF (Chronic renal failure)
    Cirrhosis
    deficiency Burn SIADH (Syndrome of
    Salt-losing nephritis Pancreatitis inappropriate anti-diuretic
    Renal tubular acidosis Peritonitis hormone)

    Urine Na+ >20 Urine Na+ <10 Urine Na+ >20 Urine Na+ <10 Urine Na+ >20
    Diagnostic approach
    Hypernatremia

    Hypovolemia Euvolemia Hypervolemia

    Extrarenal losses Renal losses Primary


    Renal losses
    Extrarenal losses hyperaldosteronism
    Nephrogenic diabetes Cushing’s syndrome
    Sweating insipidus Respiratory and dermal Hypertonic dialysis
    Osmotic and loop diuretics Burns Insensible losses Hypertonic NaHCO3
    Post-renal obstruction Diarrhea Central diabetes insipidus NaCl tablets

    Urine Na+ >20 Urine Na+ <10 Urine Na+ variable Urine Na+ = variable Urine Na+ >20

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