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    Mandarin

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    Fatin Hamimi
    The document provides a grammar reference for subjects, predicates, time/date, and actions in Mandarin Chinese. It lists commonly used subjects like family members, names, occupations, and friends. It describes ways to indicate time and date in year-month-date format. It gives examples of locations and predicates using words like "at" and "go." Finally, it lists many common actions and examples of where those actions may take place to provide context for conversation practice.

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    Mandarin

    Uploaded by

    Fatin Hamimi
    106 views4 pages
    The document provides a grammar reference for subjects, predicates, time/date, and actions in Mandarin Chinese. It lists commonly used subjects like family members, names, occupations, and friends. It describes ways to indicate time and date in year-month-date format. It gives examples of locations and predicates using words like "at" and "go." Finally, it lists many common actions and examples of where those actions may take place to provide context for conversation practice.

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    SENTENCE STRUCTURE

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    The document provides a grammar reference for subjects, predicates, time/date, and actions in Mandarin Chinese. It lists commonly used subjects like family members, names, occupations, and friends. It describes ways to indicate time and date in year-month-date format. It gives examples of locations and predicates using words like "at" and "go." Finally, it lists many common actions and examples of where those actions may take place to provide context for conversation practice.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    106 views4 pages

    Mandarin

    Uploaded by

    Fatin Hamimi
    The document provides a grammar reference for subjects, predicates, time/date, and actions in Mandarin Chinese. It lists commonly used subjects like family members, names, occupations, and friends. It describes ways to indicate time and date in year-month-date format. It gives examples of locations and predicates using words like "at" and "go." Finally, it lists many common actions and examples of where those actions may take place to provide context for conversation practice.

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    TMC 401 GRAMMAR & EXERCISES

    SUBJECT PREDICATE

    people/(noun) time/ date ACTION


    zài/qù +PLACE

    *Jǐ yuè jǐ hào


    Shéi *Jǐ diǎn Nǎlǐ Zuò shénme
    *Xīngqījǐ
    *Shénme shíhou
    time/ date people/(noun) ACTION
    zài/qù +PLACE

    *Jǐ yuè jǐ hào Shéi


    *Jǐ diǎn Nǎli Zuò shénme
    *Xīngqījǐ
    *Shénme shíhou

    SUBJECT- PEOPLE (rén)/THINGS

    1. Pronoun - Wǒ, Nǐ, Tā , Wǒmen, Nǐmen ,Tāmen, Dàjiā (every one)

    2. Families members

     Bàba/fùqin, māma/mǔqin, gēge,jiějie,mèimei, dìdi, érzi (son) ,nǚ'ér (daughter),


    háizi (Kids/children)

     Big brother= dàgē, second brother =èrgē, ,

     Big sister= dàjiě, second sister= èrjiě

     Yonger brother no 1= dàdì or zuì dà de dìdi,

     Yonger sister no 1= dàmèi, or zuì dà de mèimei

    3. name-Ali, Měilíng etc.


    4. professional

    Occupation –mìshū, jīnglǐ, kuàijìshī, shūji (clark), hùshi (nurse), yīshēng, jiǎngshī
    (lecturer), lùshī (lawyer), lǎoshī

    5. friends

    péngyou, nǚ péngyou, nán péngyou, hǎo péngyou, lǎo péngyou

    **Other Example:

    You-ni, your’s father(Bapa awak)-ni de baba, Ali’s girl friend-Ali de nǚ péngyou, Dr


    Wang’s 2 children=Wang yisheng de liang gè haizi

    **How to use “ de”(structural)

    @People (pronoun/name) + de + noun (people/things)

    @Example : Ali de tàitai (Ali’s wife/isteri Ali), Ali de bàba de mèimei (Ali’s father’s
    sister), Jīnglǐ de bàngōngshì (manager’s office)

    ***************************************************************************

    TIME/DATE

    * In Mandarin, should be year, month, date, day, time

    Nián (year), yuè(month), hào/rì (date), xīngqī(day), zu ótiān, jīntiān, míngtiān,


    zăoshang/ zhōngwŭ / xiàwŭ/wănshang, liăng diăn (2 o’clock).

    Example :

    25/10/2019 = 2019 nián 10 yuè 25 hào

    Sunday evening= xīngqītiān wănshang

    This afternoon ( Petang ini) = jīntiān xiàw ŭ ,

    8 o’clock this morning (pukul 8 pagi ini )= jīntiān z ăoshang bā diăn ( In Mandarin will
    be “this morning 8 o’clock”)

    **************************************************************************

    Predicate

    For place should put adverb like “ qù” (go) or “zài” (at):

    Bàngōngshì (office), gōngsi (company), Warta Gōngsi, gòuwù zhōngxīn,


    dàxué, xuéxiào (school), xiăoxué (primary school), túshūguăn, jiàoshì
    (classroom)
    yīyuàn/ yàofáng,
    jiā, Ali de jiā, Xìzhŭrèn de mèimei de jiā (rumah adik perempuan ketua kursus)
    gōngyuán, bāshā, yínháng, cāntīng, wǎngkā (cyber kafe), qīngzhēnsì (masjid)

    State

     Shā’ānán, Jílóngpō, Yíbăo, Bāshēng, Xuélán’é, Bīngchéng, Róufu, Jílándān,


    Bādălíng

    Name of the Road

    Jalan Ipoh-Yíbăo Lù, Jalan Ampang-Ānbāng Lù

    Name of the Seksyen

     Seksyen 7= 7 qū, seksyen 16= 16 qū

    Other example:

    Pejabat ketua kursus saya ( My head of the programme’s office)= wo (de) xìzhŭrèn
    de bàngōngshì

    Pejabat tingkat 8 = bā lóu de bàngōngshì

    Syarikat baba Ali= Ali de bàba de gōngsi

    *********************************************************************

    Action

    Yŏu kòng de shíhou, nĭ xĭhuan zuò shénme?

    Nǐ yǒu shénme àihào?/ Nǐ de àihào shì shénme?(what is your hobbies?)

     Kàn (visit/see/look)– kàn péngyou, kàn lăoshī, kàn yīshēng (refer


    people) etc.

     Kàn (watch) – kàn diànshì, kàn bàozhĭ, kàn diànyĭng, kàn


    Huáyŭpiàn, kàn shū (refer things)

    Dă (play)- dăqiú, dă yŭmáoqiú, dă diànhuà, dǎ bǎolíngqiú

     Jiàn (meet)- jiàn kuàijìshī, jiàn jīnglĭ, jiàn lăoshī, jiàn xìzhŭrèn, jiàn
    shàngsī (boss)

     Děng (wait)- děng péngyou, děng māma, děng jīnglĭ etc. (people),
    děng bāshì (vehicle)

    Gōngzuò, niànshū, shàngbān, shàngkè, shàngwǎng (surf net),


    tīng yīnyuè, tīnggē, chànggē, chàng Kǎlā OK, yóuyŏng, păobù,
    shuìjiào, chīfàn, kā,huì (meeting), măicài (buy vegetables), tī
    zŭqiú, xiūxi (resting), lǚxíng (travelling), tuìxiū (retired), jiéhūn, kàn
    huáyŭpiàn (watch Mandarin movie)
    ********************************************************************************

    Zài jiā de (Action)

     kàn diànshì, kàn bàozhĭ, kàn shū, dă diànhuà, shuìjiào, tīng yīnyuè,
    chànggē, fùxí gōngkè, zuò gōngkè

    Zài dàxué

     shàngkè, xiàkè, shàngbān, niànshū, děng péngyou, kàn/jiàn


    lǎoshī/xìzhǔren, fùxí gōngkè, zuò gōngkè (hand in assignment),
    kǎoshì (exam)

    Other places

    Yīyuàn/yàofáng ----- kàn yīshēng

    cāntīng ----chīfàn

    cǎochǎng –tī zúqiú

    Túshūguǎn--- kàn shū, děng péngyou, shàngwǎng, fùxí gōngkè, zuò


    gōngkè

    Wǎngkā—shàngwǎng, wǎnr yóuxì

    Gōngyuán—pǎobù ;Bāshā--mǎicài

    Gòuwù zhōngxīn-mǎi dōngxi, děng péngyou

    Yínháng/ LG Gōngsī -gōngzuò,kāihuì, jiàn jīnglǐ/kuàijìshī (meet


    manager/accountant)

    Qīngzhēnsì (mosque) – zuò lǐbài (prayer)

    Yùshì- chōngliáng; fángjiān-shuìjiào, fùxí gōngkè, zuò gōngkè

    Chúfáng-zuòfàn ; fàntīng-chīfàn ; kètīng- kàn diànshì/ tīng yīnyuè/


    tīnggē

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