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    Spanish Chapter 3

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    Gaelle CB
    The Spanish colonized the Philippines for over 300 years beginning in 1565. During this time, Filipinos embraced Catholicism and the Spanish language while their lifestyle incorporated European influences like new architecture and transportation. Literature also flourished as the first books were printed in local languages, including religious texts and novels, and the Spanish established schools across the country. Overall, the Spanish period had a profound impact on Philippine culture and society through religion, language, and education.

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    Spanish Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    Gaelle CB
    157 views3 pages
    The Spanish colonized the Philippines for over 300 years beginning in 1565. During this time, Filipinos embraced Catholicism and the Spanish language while their lifestyle incorporated European influences like new architecture and transportation. Literature also flourished as the first books were printed in local languages, including religious texts and novels, and the Spanish established schools across the country. Overall, the Spanish period had a profound impact on Philippine culture and society through religion, language, and education.

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    The Spanish colonized the Philippines for over 300 years beginning in 1565. During this time, Filipinos embraced Catholicism and the Spanish language while their lifestyle incorporated European influences like new architecture and transportation. Literature also flourished as the first books were printed in local languages, including religious texts and novels, and the Spanish established schools across the country. Overall, the Spanish period had a profound impact on Philippine culture and society through religion, language, and education.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    157 views3 pages

    Spanish Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    Gaelle CB
    The Spanish colonized the Philippines for over 300 years beginning in 1565. During this time, Filipinos embraced Catholicism and the Spanish language while their lifestyle incorporated European influences like new architecture and transportation. Literature also flourished as the first books were printed in local languages, including religious texts and novels, and the Spanish established schools across the country. Overall, the Spanish period had a profound impact on Philippine culture and society through religion, language, and education.

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    CHAPTER 3

    THE SPANISH PERIOD (1565-1898)

    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

    It is an accepted belief that the Spanish colonization of the Philippines started in 1565
    during the time of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the first Spanish governor-general in the
    Philippines. Literature started to flourish during his time. This spurts continued unabated until
    the Cavite Revolt in 1872. The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three
    centuries.

    During these times, many changes occurred in the lives of Filipinos. They embraced the
    Catholic religion, changed their names, and were baptized. Their lifestyles changed too. They
    built houses made of stones and bricks , used beautiful furniture like piano and used kitchen
    utensils. Carriages, trains, and boats were used as means of travel. They held fiestas to honor
    the saints, the pope and the governors. They had cockfights, horse races and the theatre as means
    of recreation.

    This gave rise to the formation of the different classes of society like the rich and the
    landlords. Some Filipinos finished courses like medicine, la, agriculture and teaching. Many
    Filipinos finished their schooling in the Philippines because many schools already had been
    established.

    A. SPANISH INFLUENCES ON PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

    Due to the period of colonization of the Philippines by the Spaniards , they have exerted a
    strong influence on our literature.

    1. The first Filipino alphabet called ALIBATA was replaced by the Roman alphabet.
    2. The teaching of Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices.
    3. The Spanish language which became the literary language during this time lent by many
    of its words to our language.
    4. European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs, corridos,
    and moro-moros.
    5. Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog and other dialects.
    6. Many grammar books were printed in Filipinos, like Tagalog, Ilocano, and Visayan.
    7. Our periodicals during these times gained a religious tone.

    B. THE FIRST BOOKS

    1. AND DOCTRINA CRISTIANA (THE CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE). This is the


    first book printed in the Philippines in 1593 in xylography. It was written by Fr. Juan
    de Placencia and Fr. Domingo Nieva, in Tagalog and Spanish. It contained the Pater
    Noster (Our Father), Ave Maria (Hail Mary), Regina Coeli (Hail Holy Queen), the
    Ten Commandments of God, the Commandments of the Catholic Church, the Seven
    Mortal Sins, How to Confess, and the Cathecism. Three old original copies of this
    book can still be found at the Vatican, at the Madrid Museum and at the US Congress.
    It contains only 87 pages but costs $5,000,00.

    2. Nuestra Señora del Rosario. The second book printed in Philippines was written by
    Fr. Blancas de San Jose in 1602, and printed at the UST Printing Press with the help
    of Juan de Vera, a Chinese mestizo. It contains the biographies of saints, novenas, and
    questions and answers on religion.

    3. Libro de los Cuatro Postprimeras de Hombre (in Spanish and Tagalog). This is the
    first book printed in typography.

    4. The Barlaan at Josephat. Yhis is a Biblical story printed in the Philippines and
    translated to Tagalog from Greek by Fr. Antonio de Borja. It is believed to be the first
    Tagalog novel published in the Philippines even if it is only a translation. The printed
    translation has only 556 pages. The Ilocano translation in poetry was done by Fr.
    Agustin Mejia.

    5. The Passion. This is a book about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ. It is read
    only during Lent. There were 4 versions of this in Tagalog and each version is
    according to the name of the writer. These are the Pilapil version (by Mariano Pilapil
    of Bulacan, 1814), the de Belen version (by Gaspar Aquino de Belen of Bat. In 1704),
    the de la Merced (by Anecito de la Merced of Norzagara, Bulacan in 1856) and the de
    Guia version (by Luis de Guia in 1750). Critics are not agreed whether it is the Pilapil
    or the de la Merced version which is the most popular.

    The dela Merced version is in octosyllabic verse with 5 verses to the stanza.

    O Diyos sa kalangitan O God in Heaven


    Hari ng Sangkalupaan King of earth
    Diyos na walang kapantay God unequaled
    Mabait, lubhang maalam Good, kind and full
    At puno ng karunungan. Of wisdom.

    Ikaw na Amang Tumubos God the Father Almighty


    Na nangungulilang lubos Of all the abandoned
    Amang di matapus-tapos Father everlasting
    Maawai’t mapagkupkop Kind and generous
    Sa taong lupa’t alabok. To man of earth and dust.

    Iyong itulot sa amin Please grant us


    Diyos Amang maawain God of Mercy
    Mangyaring aming dlitin Grant appeacement
    Hirap, sakit at hilahil From sufferings and woes
    Ng Anak mong ginigiliw Of your beloved child.

    Chanters may take 2-4 nights singing the Pasion with the chanters taking turns in shifts of
    3-4 hours each. It has been translated into every principal dialect-Ilocano, Ibanag, Pampango,
    Bicol, and Visayan version.
    6. Urbana at Felisa. A book by Modesto de Castro, the so called Father of Classic
    Prose in Tagalog. These are letters between two sisters Urbana at Felisa and has
    influenced greatly the behaviour of people in society because the letters dealt with
    good behaviour.

    7. Ang mga Dalit kay Maria (Psalms for Mary). A collection of songs praising the
    Virgin Mary. Fr. Mariano Sevilla, a Filipino priest, wrote this in 1865 and it was
    popular especially during the May time “Flores de Mayo” festival.

    C. LITERARY COMPOSITIONS

    1. Arte y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala (Art and Rules of the Tagalog Language) written
    by Fr. Blancas de San Jose and translated to Tagalog by Tomas Pinpin in 1610.
    2. Compendio de la Lengua Tagala (Understanding the Tagalog Language), written by
    Fr. Gaspar de San Agustin in 1703.
    3. Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (Tagalog Vocabulary). The first Tagalog dictionary
    written by Fr. Pedro de San Beuenaventura in 1613.
    4. Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampanga (Pampango Vocabulary). The first book in
    Pampango written by Fr. Diego in 1732.
    5. Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya (Bisayan Vocabulary). The best language book in
    Visayan by Mateo Sanchez in 1711.
    6. Arte de la Lengua Ilokana (The Art of the Ilocano Language). The first Ilocano
    grammar book by Francisco Lopez.
    7. Arte de la Lengua Bicolana (The Art of the Bicol Language). The first book in the
    Bicol language and written by Fr. Marcos Lisbon in 1754.

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