Modal Verb

SHOULD and OUGHT TO are both modal verbs.
In most cases SHOULD and OUGHT TO are used interchangeably today.

Both SHOULD and OUGHT TO are used to express advice, obligation or duty.
However, there is a slight difference in meaning.
SHOULD
is used when we want to express our subjective opinion.
In other words, ‘what I think is best for you to do’.
 You should call your mother more often.

 He should apologise before she stops talking to him.
OUGHT TO
is used when we want to express an objective truth.
In other words, ‘what is necessary, and cannot be avoided’
That’s why we usually use OUGHT TO when we are talking about laws, duties
and regulations.
 They ought to follow the school’s policy, or they will get expelled.
 According to this road sing, they ought to stop here.
I hope it’s clear now

P.S. Remember that OUGHT is always followed by to + infinitive.
Should упражнения. Should exercises.

Упражнение 1. Write should or shouldn't in the sentences about travelling.
1. You __________ take a map.
2. You __________ make much noise on a train.
3. You__________ touch wild animals.
4. You__________ help your friends.
5. You __________visit museums.
6. You__________ take your toothbrush.
7. You__________ be careful.
Упражнение 2. Вставьте should или shouldn’t по смыслу.

1. The sun is really strong. He _______ put on some sun cream.
2. If Meredith’s got a really bad cold, she ______ go to school.
3. We_______eat in the classroom.
4. If she's got a headache, she _______take an aspirin.
5. The weather's very hot. You_______ wear a coat.
6. They've found some money. They_______ take it to the police.
Упражнение 3. You want to visit a foreign country for a holiday. You ask someone from
this country for advice. Complete the questions. Use ‘do you think I should’.
1 When| visit | your country?
2 go | in the summe
3 How| travel | when I'm there?
4 hire | a car?
5 Which places | visit?
6 stay | in hotels?
7 take | traveller's cheques?
Пример: When do you think I should visit your country?
Упражнение 4. Give advice on the problems.

1. Molly can't read this article in the original.
2. Greg’s hurt his elbow.
3. Sally can't see very well.
4. The baby is too fat!
5. I'm always tired.
6. I've got an exam tomorrow.
Упражнение 5. Вставьте should или shouldn’t.

1. Sally ______ work more as she’s missed some lessons.
2. Mothers_______ shout at their children.
3. The toddler ________ be in bed, as it is very late.
4. Everyone ________ be careful while driving.
5. Governments ______ respond to all the notifications.
6. Governments ______ lead an effective social policy to protect the most
vulnerable people.
7. Families _______ be together at Christmas.
8. The woman in her condition ______ drink, as it’s dangerous for her
health.
9. United Nations efforts ________ compromise the independence of the
individual countries.
10. Greg _______ have said it to Megan. He _______ have praised her to
give her positive emotions.
Упражнение 6. Say whether your friend should or shouldn't do the following things.
Example:
eat soup every day
— I think you should eat soup every day.
eat so much chocolate
— You shouldn’t eat so much chocolate.

1. always say ‘I am sorry!’ if you are wrong,
2. read more,
3. learn to play a musical instrument,
4. learn irregular verbs,
5. start smoking,
6. stay out late,
7. spend more time with your friends.
Упражнение 7. Составьте предложения о взаимоотношениях в семье.

Children should talk to their parents, work harder, listen to their children,
leave home, leave school, be more patient, be rude to
their parents, ask friends home, be so strict, trust their
children, help each other, shout at each other, be
Parents shouldn’t interested in each other, try to understand each other.
Ought to exercises.
Переходим к упражнениям на ought to.
Упражнение 8. Объедините части предложений с ought to.

a) except what he ought to fear.
b) that was bigger than any man

ought to be.
c) and she ought to be able to help

1. Alex had no suit at all you.
2. In her prayer Sally was not perfect d) you ought to have a cake
3. Jill is a doctor e) she ought to have warned them

she was corning.
4. Little Frankie feared everything
f) he ought to be a professor
5. It's your birthday
g) as she did not know what she
6. The parents don't want to lose Nick ought to pray for.
7. You're a thief h) but he ought to go, as his King

and his country both need him.
8. The spaceman glanced back and saw a humanoid creature
i) and he ought to buy new shoes
9. This work is not for Jeffry too.
10. Jillian had no time to write a line but j) and you ought to be caught.
Упражнение 9. Вставьте ought to или oughtn’t to.

1. Winners must be selected fairly; we ______ have any political tendency
while voting.
2. Megan _______ have considered all possibilities to make the right choice.
3. Your boss _________ pay you twice for your brilliant work.
4. A man _________ be magnanimous (великодушным).
5. Despite Megan loves him, she ______ sacrifice everything for him.
6. He ________ trouble you at all, he can do it by himself.
Упражнение 10. Исправьте ошибки в предложениях, если таковые имеются

1. I am too kind myself and that is my biggest fault, for one ought not be
always kind.
2. If the committee changed the lunch hour, they ought at least to have let
everybody know.
3. Relations oughtn’t never to forget one another
4. I compute Nickolas oughts to save eight thousand pounds.
5. I only suggest that everything ought to be equal.
Ответы к упражнениям.
Exercise 1.
Should – 1, 4, 5, 6, 7
Shouldn’t – 2, 3
Exercise 2.
Should – 1, 4, 6
Shouldn’t – 2, 3, 5
Exercise 3.
2. Do you think I should go to your country in summer?
3. How do you think I should travel when I’m there?
4. Do you think I should hire a car?
5. Which places do you think I should visit?
6. Do you think I should stay in hotels?
7. Do you think I should take traveller's cheques?
Exercise 4. Different answers are possible.

Exercise 5.
Should – 1, 3, 4, 5, 6,7, 10 (второй случай)
Shouldn’t — 2, 8, 9, 10 (первый случай)
Exercise 6.
1 You should always say ‘I am sorry!’ if you are wrong.
2 You should real more.
3 You should learn to play a musical instrument.
4 You should learn irregular verbs.
5 You shouldn’t start smoking.
6 You shouldn’t stay out late.
7 You should / shouldn’t spend more time with your friends.
Exercise 7. Your own answers.
Exercise 8.
1 – I, 2 – g, 3 – c, 4 – a, 5 – d, 6 – h, 7 – j, 8 – b, 9 – f, 10 — e
Exercise 9.
Ought to – 2, 3, 4,
Oughtn’t to – 1, 5, 6
Exercise 10.
1 one ought not be -> one ought not to be, 2 correct, 3 oughtn’t -> ought, 4 oughts
-> ought, 5 correct

Modal Verb

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SHOULD and OUGHT TO are both modal verbs.

In most cases SHOULD and OUGHT TO are used interchangeably today.

 You should call your mother more often.

I hope it’s clear now

Should упражнения. Should exercises.

Упражнение 2. Вставьте should или shouldn’t по смыслу.

Упражнение 4. Give advice on the problems.

Упражнение 5. Вставьте should или shouldn’t.

eat soup every day

— I think you should eat soup every day.

eat so much chocolate

— You shouldn’t eat so much chocolate.

Упражнение 7. Составьте предложения о взаимоотношениях в семье.

Упражнение 8. Объедините части предложений с ought to.

b) that was bigger than any man

c) and she ought to be able to help

3. Jill is a doctor e) she ought to have warned them

7. You're a thief h) but he ought to go, as his King

Упражнение 9. Вставьте ought to или oughtn’t to.

Упражнение 10. Исправьте ошибки в предложениях, если таковые имеются

Exercise 4. Different answers are possible.

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