Materi Tutor in English

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A family came to the primary care dental practice.

Father in the family would


like to make a denture because of his missing teeth and the mother would like to
replace her old removable denture which is made by an other dentist. She
explained the removable denture is not comfortable anymore and abutment teeth
is tilting. A month ago they did scaling treatment. The primary care dentist’s
examination of the family showed similar symptoms; tilting without caries,
destruction of periodontal tissue & alveolar bone and bad OHIS assessment.
The primary care dentist decided to do integrated and holistic care, visit and
investigate their house and environment. Mineral content in the drinking water
has higher level of Mg, Sn, Zn and Fe was found. The dentist did
implementation of “5 star doctors” (WHO), arranged public screening,
treatment for children, finding possible risk factors, implement promotive and
preventive efforts.
Sebuah keluarga datang ke praktek perawatan gigi primer. Ayah dalam keluarga
ingin membuat gigi palsu karena giginya yang hilang dan ibu ingin mengganti
gigi tiruan lamanya yang dibuat oleh dokter gigi lain. Dia menjelaskan gigi
tiruan lepasan tidak nyaman lagi dan gigi penyangga miring. Sebulan yang lalu
mereka melakukan scaling treatment. Pemeriksaan dokter gigi perawatan primer
keluarga menunjukkan gejala yang sama; memiringkan tanpa karies, kerusakan
jaringan periodontal & tulang alveolar dan penilaian OHIS yang buruk. Dokter
gigi perawatan primer memutuskan untuk melakukan perawatan terpadu dan
holistik, mengunjungi dan menyelidiki rumah dan lingkungan mereka.
Kandungan mineral dalam air minum memiliki kadar Mg, Sn, Zn dan Fe yang
lebih tinggi. Dokter gigi melakukan implementasi "dokter bintang 5" (WHO),
mengatur skrining publik, perawatan untuk anak-anak, menemukan faktor-
faktor risiko yang mungkin, melaksanakan upaya-upaya promotif dan preventif.
Pem bahasan diskusi

1. Pengertian dokter gigi keluarga?


Family dentist is a dentist who has the knowledge, attitudes and professional
behavior in maintaining and maintaining the dental health of his fostered
family by organizing efforts to maintain complete dental health with a
holistic and systematic approach as well as being proactive in anticipating
and solving health problems faced by families who choose him as the main
partner in maintaining dental health.
2. Fungsi dari dokter gigi keluarga
- As the spearhead of primary health care
- Education and communication services to the community
- Improve the quality of family life according to the life cycle
- Save on family living expenses
- Preventing dental and oral diseases such as plaque score assessment
- Protector from dental and oral health
- Coordinating the distribution of patients with their families in order to
create a
harmonious relationship
3. Pengertian dan maksud pemerintah membentuk dokter gigi keluarga
- Promotes equitable and affordable dental health for families
- Prevents any diseases so that their health is controlled
- Intent (healthy Indonesia 2010); to maintain optimal health; improve
medical professionalism in improving the quality of services and structuring
payments; striving for quality and affordable dental health
4. Peran dokter gigi keluarga terhadap lingkungan
a. As a provider of prefentive services with high commitment
b. Complete the task effectively
c. Creating a healthy environment for the family in its capacity
d. Checking risk factors for internal disease. family
5. Upaya promotif dan prefentif yang dapat dilakukan
a. Promotive: Providing counseling about education about water content
education and its impact on the health of the mill (is it given vitamins? What
needs to be done to prevent it from happening again?)
b. Prefentives: Conduct water content checks  followed up, TAF, scaling,
plaque control, using fluoridated toothpaste
6. Apa saja ‘5 star doctor itu?
Dokter keluarga memiliki 5 fungsi yang dimiliki, yaitu (Azrul Azwar,
dkk. 2004) :
a. Care Provider (Penyelenggara Pelayanan Kesehatan)
Yang mempertimbangkan pasien secara holistik sebagai seorang individu
dan sebagai bagian integral (tak terpisahkan) dari keluarga, komunitas,
lingkungannya, dan menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan yang
berkualitas tinggi, komprehensif, kontinu, dan personal dalam jangka waktu
panjang dalam wujud hubungan profesional dokter-pasien yang saling
menghargai dan mempercayai. Juga sebagai pelayanan komprehensif yang
manusiawi namun tetap dapat dapat diaudit dan dipertangungjawabkan
b. Comunicator (Penghubung atau Penyampai Pesan)
Yang mampu memperkenalkan pola hidup sehat melalui penjelasan yang
efektif sehingga memberdayakan pasien dan keluarganya untuk
meningkatkan dan memelihara kesehatannya sendiri serta memicu
perubahan cara berpikir menuju sehat dan mandiri kepada pasien dan
komunitasnya
c. Decision Maker (Pembuat Keputusan)
Yang melakukan pemeriksaan pasien, pengobatan, dan pemanfaatan
teknologi kedokteran berdasarkan kaidah ilmiah yang mapan dengan
mempertimbangkan harapan pasien, nilai etika, “cost effectiveness” untuk
kepentingan pasien sepenuhnya dan membuat keputusan klinis yang ilmiah
dan empatik
d. Manager
Yang dapat berkerja secara harmonis dengan individu dan organisasi di
dalam maupun di luar sistem kesehatan agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan
pasien dan komunitasnya berdasarkan data kesehatan yang ada. Menjadi
dokter yang cakap memimpin klinik, sehat, sejahtera, dan bijaksana
e. Community Leader (Pemimpin Masyarakat)
Yang memperoleh kepercayaan dari komunitas pasien yang dilayaninya,
menyearahkan kebutuhan kesehatan individu dan komunitasnya,
memberikan nasihat kepada kelompok penduduk dan melakukan kegaiatan
atas nama masyarakat dan menjadi panutan masyarakat.
Family doctors have 5 functions, namely (Azrul Azwar, et al. 2004):
a. Care Provider (Health Service Provider)
Which considers patients holistically as an individual and as an integral
(inseparable) part of the family, community, environment, and organizes
high-quality, comprehensive, continuous, and personal health services in
the long term in the form of professional doctor-patient relationships that
are mutually respect and trust. Also as a comprehensive service that is
humane but still auditable and accountable
b. Comunicator (Liaison or Message Conveyor)
Who is able to introduce healthy lifestyles through effective explanation
so that it empowers patients and their families to improve and maintain
their own health and triggers changes in ways of thinking towards health
and independence to patients and their communities
c. Decision Maker
Who conducts patient examination, treatment, and utilization of medical
technology based on established scientific principles by considering
patient expectations, ethical values, "cost effectiveness" for the full
benefit of patients and making scientific and empathetic clinical decisions
d. Manager
Who can work in harmony with individuals and organizations inside and
outside the health system in order to meet the needs of patients and their
communities based on available health data. Become a doctor who is
capable of leading the clinic, healthy, prosperous, and wise
e. Community Leader
Which gets the trust of the patient community it serves, rectifies the
health needs of the individual and the community, provides advice to the
population groups and conducts activities on behalf of the community and
becomes a role model for the community.

7. Pendekatan yang perlu dilakukan terhadap masyarakat


a. Medicinal shortening: m requires complete and continuous plenary
b. Communication approach
c. Management approach: sist. Quality and cost control
d. Social approach
e. Economic approach: managing money for family dental health
f. Legal approaches and health services:
8. Syarat air minum sehat?
- Mineral content is not high - No smell, taste, color
9. Kandungan mineral normal
10.Pengaruh kandungan mineral yang tinggi terhadap kesehatan gigi
1. :Magnesium :
a) And no matter how much calcium you take, without magnesium only soft
enamel can be formed. If too soft the enamel will lack sufficient
resistance to the acids of decay.
For years it was believed that high intakes of calcium and phosphorus
inhibited decay by strengthening the enamel. Recent evidence, however,
indicates that an increase in these two elements is useless unless we
increase our magnesium intake at the same time It has even been
observed that dental structures beneath the surface can dissolve when
additional amounts of calcium and phosphorus diffuse through the
enamel at different rates. Thus milk, poor in magnesium, but high in the
other two elements, not only interferes with magnesium metabolism, but
also antagonizes the mineral responsible for decay prevention. (The
Magnesium Web Site http://www.mgwater.com/rod10.shtml)
Dan berapa pun kalsium yang Anda ambil, tanpa magnesium, hanya
enamel lunak yang dapat terbentuk. Jika terlalu lunak, enamel tidak akan
cukup tahan terhadap asam pembusukan.
Selama bertahun-tahun diyakini bahwa asupan kalsium dan fosfor yang
tinggi menghambat pembusukan dengan memperkuat email. Bukti
terbaru, bagaimanapun, menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kedua elemen
ini tidak berguna kecuali jika kita meningkatkan asupan magnesium
pada saat yang sama. Bahkan telah diamati bahwa struktur gigi di
bawah permukaan dapat larut ketika jumlah tambahan kalsium dan
fosfor berdifusi melalui email di tingkat yang berbeda. Jadi susu, miskin
magnesium, tetapi tinggi dalam dua elemen lainnya, tidak hanya
mengganggu metabolisme magnesium, tetapi juga memusuhi mineral
yang bertanggung jawab untuk pencegahan pembusukan
Magnesium plays a role in the body of electrolytes, hormone receptors,
vitamin D, and bone formation, and cellular reactions.
Magnesium berperan dalam pengatur elektrolit tubuh, hormon receptor,
metabolisme vitamin D, dan pembentukan tulang, dan reaksi seluler.
Magnesium is required for calcium to be incorporated properly into the
structure of teeth, Older research has even found that the greater the
magnesium content of tooth enamel, the less susceptible teeth were to
decay and caries formation
Magnesium diperlukan agar kalsium dapat dimasukkan dengan benar ke
dalam struktur gigi, penelitian yang lebih tua bahkan telah menemukan
bahwa semakin besar kandungan magnesium enamel gigi, gigi yang
kurang rentan mengalami kerusakan dan pembentukan karies
2. Fluoride
Fluoride is known to interfere with the absorption and incorporation of
magnesium into biological tissues. F is different from MG and Carbonate
which is lower than the enamel surface and inner enamel, because it is
needed at the beginning of enamel development.
Overall concentration of F are also very variable but are strongly related
to the concentration of F in the environtment.

Fluoride diketahui mengganggu penyerapan dan penggabungan


magnesium ke dalam jaringan biologis. F berbeda dari MG dan
Karbonat yang lebih rendah dari permukaan enamel dan enamel dalam,
karena diperlukan pada awal pengembangan enamel.
Konsentrasi keseluruhan F juga sangat bervariasi tetapi sangat terkait
dengan konsentrasi F di lingkungan.
Fluor can be given in the form of drinking water, drops, tablets,
mouthwash and toothpaste. Can also be given at the doctor's office in the
form of a solution / gel applied to the teeth, which is called topical
fluoridation. Fluorine supplements that enter the body, such as tablets,
called systemic
Fluor bisa diberikan dalam bentuk air minum, cairan tetes, tablet, obat
kumur, dan pasta gigi. Bisa juga diberikan di tempat praktek dokter
berupa larutan/gel yang diaplikasikan pada gigi,
yang disebut topical fluoridasi. Suplemen fluor yang masuk ke dalam
tubuh, seperti tablet, disebut sistemik
3. Sn
4. Zn
Excess Zn 2-3 x can reduce copper absorption. Zn excess up to 10 times
increases cholesterol, changes the value of lipoproteins, increases the
incidence of atherosclerosis. Doses of 2 mg or more can cause vomiting,
diarrhea, fever, anemia and recovery. Causes poisoning, also acidic food
stored in cans stored by Zn.
Kelebihan Zn 2-3 x dapat menurunkan absorbsi tembaga. Kelebihan Zn
hingga 10 x mempengaruhi metabolisme kolesterol, mengubah nilai
lipoprotein, mempercepat timbulnya arterosklerosis. Dosis 2 mg atau
lebih dapat menyebabkan muntah, diare, demam,anemia dan gangguan
reproduksi. Menyebabkan keracunan, juga makanan asam yang
disimpan dalam kaleng yang dilapisi Zn.
5. Fe
Water that is high in Fe content when in contact with air becomes turbid,
smelly and unpleasant to consume. Turbidity and yellow color are formed
due to oxidation of Fe (II) to Fe (III) in the form of colloidal deposits
becoming yellow. Because the oxidation proceeds slowly at PH <6, the
formation and deposition is slow. Therefore, the Fe content in household
water needs should not be more than 0.3 mg / l. Fe is an important
element in the body's metabolism and formation of hemoglobin. For this
purpose it takes 7-35 mg of elements per day. Concentrations of Fe in
water that exceeds ± 2 mg / l will cause stains on equipment and white
material. Fe in water causes odor, color and turbidity in drinking water.
Air yang tinggi kandungan Fe –nya bila bersentuhan dengan udara
menjadi keruh, berbau dan tidak menyenangkan untuk dikonsumsi.
Kekeruhan dan warna kuning terbentuk karena Oksidasi Fe (II) menjadi
Fe (III) berupa endapan koloid menjadi kuning. Karena oksidasinya
berlangsung perlahan pada PH <6, maka pembentukan dan
pengendapannya berlangsung lambat. Oleh karena itu, kandungan Fe
dalam air kebutuhan rumah tangga tidak boleh lebih dari 0,3 mg/l. Fe
adalah unsur penting dalam metabolisme tubuh dan pembentukan
Hemoglobin. Untuk keperluan ini dibutuhkan 7-35 mg unsur per hari.
Konsentrasi Fe dalam air yang melebihi ± 2 mg/l akan menimbulkan
noda pada peralatan dan bahan yang berwarna putih. Fe dalam air
menimbulkan bau, warna dan kekeruhan pada air minum.

11. Pengaruh bagi kesehatan karena kandungan air tinggi mineral

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