AISC ExamplesIIA1-31

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IIA-2
EXAMPLE II.A-1 ALL-BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION
Given:
Select an all-bolted double-angle connection between an ASTM A992 W36231 beam and an ASTM A992
W1490 column flange to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 37.5 kips
RL = 113 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes and ASTM A36 angles.
Solution:
From AISC Manual Table 2-4, the material properties are as follows:
Beam
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
Design Examples V14.1

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
IIA-3
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
From AISC Manual Table 1-1, the geometric properties are as follows:
Beam
W36231
tw = 0.760 in.
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required strength is:
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2(37.5 kips) + 1.6(113 kips) Ra = 37.5 kips + 113 kips
= 226 kips = 151 kips
Connection Design
AISC Manual Table 10-1 includes checks for the limit states of bearing, shear yielding, shear rupture, and block
shear rupture on the angles, and shear on the bolts.
Try 8 rows of bolts and 2L532c (SLBB).
LRFD ASD
Rn = 247 kips > 226 kips o.k. Rn
 165 kips  151 kips o.k.

Beam web strength from AISC Manual Table 10-1: Beam web strength from AISC Manual Table 10-1:
Uncoped, Leh = 1w in. Uncoped, Leh = 1w in.
Rn = 702 kips/in.(0.760 in.) Rn

= 534 kips > 226 kips o.k.  468 kips/in.(0.760 in.)

= 356 kips > 151 kips o.k.
Bolt bearing on column flange from AISC Manual Bolt bearing on column flange from AISC Manual
Table 10-1: Table 10-1:
Rn = 1,400 kips/in.(0.710 in.) Rn


= 665 kips > 151 kips o.k.

IIA-4
EXAMPLE II.A-2 BOLTED/WELDED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION
Given:
Repeat Example II.A-1 using AISC Manual Table 10-2 to substitute welds for bolts in the support legs of the
double-angle connection (welds B). Use 70-ksi electrodes.
Note: Bottom flange coped for erection.
Solution:
Beam
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W36231
tw = 0.760 in.

IIA-5
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
LRFD ASD
= 226 kips = 151 kips
Weld Design using AISC Manual Table 10-2 (welds B)
Try c-in. weld size, L = 23 2 in.
tf min = 0.238 in. < 0.710 in. o.k.
LRFD ASD
 186 kips > 151 kips o.k.

Angle Thickness
The minimum angle thickness for a fillet weld from AISC Specification Section J2.2b is:
tmin = w + z in.
= c in. + z in.
= a in.
Try 2L432a (SLBB).
Angle and Bolt Design
Check 8 rows of bolts and a-in. angle thickness.
LRFD ASD
 191kips > 151 kips o.k.

Beam web strength: Beam web strength:
Uncoped, Leh = 1w in. Uncoped, Leh = 1w in.
Rn = 702 kips/in.(0.760 in.) Rn


= 356 kips > 151 kips o.k.
Note: In this example, because of the relative size of the cope to the overall beam size, the coped section does not
control. When this cannot be determined by inspection, see AISC Manual Part 9 for the design of the coped
section.

IIA-6
EXAMPLE II.A-3 ALL-WELDED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION
Given:
Repeat Example II.A-1 using AISC Manual Table 10-3 to design an all-welded double-angle connection between
an ASTM A992 W36231 beam and an ASTM A992 W1490 column flange. Use 70-ksi electrodes and ASTM
A36 angles.
Solution:
Beam
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W36231
tw = 0.760 in.

IIA-7
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
LRFD ASD
= 226 kips = 151 kips
Design of Weld Between Beam Web and Angle (welds A)
Try x-in. weld size, L = 24 in.
tw min = 0.286 in. < 0.760 in. o.k.
From AISC Manual Table 10-3:
LRFD ASD
 171 kips > 151 kips o.k.

Design of Weld Between Column Flange and Angle (welds B)
Try 4-in. weld size, L = 24 in.
tf min = 0.190 in. < 0.710 in. o.k.
LRFD ASD
 153 kips > 151 kips o.k.

Angle Thickness
Minimum angle thickness for weld from AISC Specification Section J2.2b:
tmin = w + z in.
= 4 in. + z in.
= c in.
Try 2L43c (SLBB).
Shear Yielding of Angles (AISC Specification Section J4.2)
Agv  2  24.0 in. c in.

= 15.0 in.2
Rn  0.60 Fy Agv (Spec. Eq. J4-3)


= 0.60  36 ksi  15.0 in. 2

= 324 kips

IIA-8
LRFD ASD
  = 1.50
Rn = 1.00(324 kips) Rn 324 kips
= 324 kips > 226 kips o.k.   1.50
 216 kips  151 kips o.k.

IIA-9
EXAMPLE II.A-4 ALL-BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION IN A COPED BEAM
Given:
Use AISC Manual Table 10-1 to select an all-bolted double-angle connection between an ASTM A992 W1850
beam and an ASTM A992 W2162 girder web to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 10 kips
RL = 30 kips
The beam top flange is coped 2 in. deep by 4 in. long, Lev = 14 in., Leh = 1w in. Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-
N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes and ASTM A36 angles.
Solution:
Beam
W1850
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Girder
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-10
From AISC Manual Tables 1-1 and 9-2 and AISC Manual Figure 9-2, the geometric properties are as follows:
Beam
W1850
d = 18.0 in.
tw = 0.355 in.
Snet = 23.4 in.3
c = 4.00 in.
dc = 2.00 in.
e = 4.00 in. + 0.500 in.
= 4.50 in.
ho = 16.0 in.
Girder
W2162
tw = 0.400 in.
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2(10 kips) + 1.6(30 kips) Ra = 10 kips + 30 kips
= 60.0 kips = 40.0 kips
Connection Design
Try 3 rows of bolts and 2L4324 (SLBB).
LRFD ASD
Rn = 76.4 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. Rn
 50.9 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.

Beam web strength from AISC Manual Table 10-1: Beam web strength from AISC Manual Table 10-1:
Top flange coped, Lev = 14 in., Leh = 1w in. Top flange coped, Lev = 14 in., Leh = 1w in.
Rn = 200 kips/in.(0.355 in.) Rn

= 71.0 kips > 60.0 kips o.k.  133 kips/in.(0.355 in.)

= 47.2 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Bolt bearing on girder web from AISC Manual Table Bolt bearing on girder web from AISC Manual Table
10-1: 10-1:
Rn  526 kips/in.(0.400 in.) Rn

 351 kips/in.(0.400 in.)
= 210 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. 
= 140 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Note: The middle portion of AISC Manual Table 10-1 includes checks of the limit-state of bolt bearing on the
beam web and the limit-state of block shear rupture on coped beams. AISC Manual Tables 9-3a, 9-3b and 9-3c
may be used to determine the available block shear strength for values of Lev and Leh beyond the limits of AISC
Manual Table 10-1. For coped members, the limit states of flexural yielding and local buckling must be checked
independently per AISC Manual Part 9.

IIA-11
Coped Beam Strength (AISC Manual Part 9)
Flexural Local Web Buckling

d
Verify c  2d and d c  .
2
c  4.00 in.  2 18.0 in.  36.0 in. o.k.

18.0 in.
dc  2.00 in.   9.00 in. o.k.
2
c 4.00 in.

d 18.0 in.
= 0.222
c 4.00 in.

ho 16.0 in.
= 0.250
c
Since  1.0,
d
2c
f  (Manual Eq. 9-8)
d
= 2(0.222)
= 0.444
c
Since  1.0,
ho
1.65
h 
k  2.2  o  (Manual Eq. 9-10)
 c 
1.65
 16.0 in. 
= 2.2  
 4.00 in. 
= 21.7
2
t 
Fcr  26, 210  w  fk (Manual Eq. 9-7)
 ho 
2
 0.355 in. 
= 26, 210    0.444  21.7 
 16.0 in. 
= 124 ksi ≤ 50 ksi
Use Fcr = 50 ksi.
Fcr Snet
Rn  from AISC Manual Equation 9-6
e
=

50 ksi 23.4 in.3 
4.50 in.
= 260 kips

IIA-12
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Rn  0.90(260 kips) Rn 260 kips


 234 kips > 60.0 kips o.k.  1.67
 156 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Shear Yielding of Beam Web (AISC Specification Section J4.2)
Rn = 0.60FyAgv (Spec. Eq. J4-3)

= 0.60(50 ksi)(0.355 in.)(16.0 in)
= 170 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  1.00(170 kips) Rn 170 kips


 170 kips > 60.0 kips o.k.  1.50
 113 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Shear Rupture of Beam Web (AISC Specification Section J4.2)
Anv  tw  ho  3 m in. + z in. 

= 0.355 in. 16.0 in.  2.63 in.
= 4.75 in.2
Rn  0.60 Fu Anv (Spec. Eq. J4-4)


= 0.60  65.0 ksi  4.75 in.
2

= 185 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn 185 kips
Rn  0.75(185 kips) 
 2.00
= 139 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. = 92.5 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Because the cope is not greater than the length of the connection angle, it is assumed that other flexural limit
states of rupture and lateral-torsional buckling do not control.

IIA-13
EXAMPLE II.A-5 WELDED/BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION IN A COPED BEAM
Given:
Repeat Example II.A-4 using AISC Manual Table 10-2 to substitute welds for bolts in the supported-beam-web
legs of the double-angle connection (welds A). Use 70-ksi electrodes and w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or
F1852-N bolts in standard holes and ASTM A36 angles..
Solution:
Beam
W1850
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Girder
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W1850
d = 18.0 in.
tw = 0.355 in.
Snet = 23.4 in.3
c = 4.00 in.
dc = 2.00 in.
e = 4.00 in. + 0.500 in.

IIA-14
= 4.50 in.
ho = 16.0 in.
Girder
W2162
tw = 0.400 in.
LRFD ASD
= 60.0 kips =40.0 kips
Weld Design (welds A)
Try x-in. weld size, L = 82 in from AISC Manual Table 10-2.
tw min = 0.286 in. < 0.355 in. o.k.
LRFD ASD
Rn = 110 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. Rn
 73.5 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.

Minimum Angle Thickness for Weld
w = weld size
tmin = w + z in. from AISC Specification Section J2.2b

= x in. + z in.
= 4 in.
Bolt Bearing on Supporting Member Web
LRFD ASD
Rn  526 kips/in.(0.400in.) Rn
 351 kips/in.  0.400 in.
= 210 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. 
= 140 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Bearing, Shear and Block Shear for Bolts and Angles
LRFD ASD
Rn  76.4 kips  60.0 kips o.k. Rn  50.9 kips  40.0 kips o.k.
Note: The middle portion of AISC Manual Table 10-1 includes checks of the limit state of bolt bearing on the
beam web and the limit state of block shear rupture on the beam web. AISC Manual Tables 9-3a, 9-3b and 9-3c
may be used to determine the available block shear strength for values of Lev and Leh beyond the limits of AISC
Manual Table 10-1. For coped members, the limit states of flexural yielding and local buckling must be checked
independently per AISC Manual Part 9.

IIA-15
The coped beam strength is verified in Example II.A-4.
Shear Yielding of Beam Web

= 0.60  50.0 ksi  0.355 in.16.0 in.
= 170 kips
From AISC Specification Section J4.2:
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  1.00(170 kips) Rn 170 kips


 170 kips > 60.0 kips o.k.  1.50
 113 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Shear Rupture of Beam Web
Rn  0.60 Fu Anv (Spec. Eq. J4-4)

= 0.60  65.0 ksi  0.355 in.16.0in.
= 222 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn 222 kips
Rn  0.75  222 kips  
 2.00
= 167 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. = 111 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.

IIA-16
EXAMPLE II.A-6 BEAM END COPED AT THE TOP FLANGE ONLY
Given:
For an ASTM A992 W2162 coped 8 in. deep by 9 in. long at the top flange only, assuming e = 9½ in. and
using an ASTM A36 plate:
A. Calculate the available strength of the beam end, considering the limit states of flexural yielding, local
buckling, shear yielding and shear rupture.
B. Choose an alternate ASTM A992 W21 shape to eliminate the need for stiffening for an end reaction of RD
= 16.5 kips and RL = 47 kips.
C. Determine the size of doubler plate needed to stiffen the W2162 for the given end reaction in Solution B.
D. Determine the size of longitudinal stiffeners needed to stiffen the W2 for the given end reaction in Solution
B.
From AISC Manual Tables 2-4 and 2-5, the material properties are as follows:
Beam
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-17
Beam
W2162
d = 21.0 in.
tw = 0.400 in.
bf = 8.24 in.
tw = 0.615 in.
Snet = 17.8 in.3
c = 9.00 in.
dc = 8.00 in.
e = 9.50 in.
ho = 13.0 in.
Solution A:
Flexural Yielding and Local Web Buckling (AISC Manual Part 9)
Verify parameters.
c2d
9.00 in.  2  21.0 in.
 42.0 in. o.k.
d
dc 
2
21.0 in.
8.00 in. 
2
 10.5 in. o.k.
c 9.00 in.

d 21.0 in.
= 0.429
c 9.00 in.

ho 13.0 in.
= 0.692
c
Because  1.0,
d
c
f  2  (Manual Eq. 9-8)
d 
= 2(0.429)
= 0.858
c
Because  1.0,
ho
1.65
h 
k  2.2  o  (Manual Eq. 9-10)
 c 
1.65
 13.0 in. 
= 2.2  
 9.00 in. 
= 4.04

IIA-18
For a top cope only, the critical buckling stress is:
2
t 
Fcr  26, 210  w  fk  Fy (Manual Eq. 9-7)
 ho 
2
 0.400 in. 
= 26, 210   (0.858)(4.04)  Fy
 13.0 in. 
= 86.0 ksi  Fy
Use Fcr = Fy = 50 ksi
Fcr Snet
Rn  from AISC Manual Equation 9-6
e
=

50 ksi 17.8 in.3 
9.50 in.
= 93.7 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Rn  0.90(93.7 kips) Rn 93.7 kips


= 84.3 kips  1.67
= 56.1 kips

= 0.60(50 ksi)(0.400 in.)(13.0 in.)
= 156 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  1.00(156 kips) Rn 156 kips


= 156 kips  1.50
= 104 kips
Rn = 0.60FuAnv (Spec. Eq. J4-4)

= 0.60(65 ksi)(0.400 in.)(13.0 in.)
= 203 kips

IIA-19
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn  0.75(203 kips) Rn 203 kips


= 152 kips  2.00
= 102 kips
Thus, the available strength is controlled by local bucking.
LRFD ASD
Rn = 84.3 kips Rn
= 56.1 kips

Solution B:
LRFD ASD
Ru  1.2(16.5 kips)  1.6  47 kips  Ra  16.5 kips  47 kips
= 95.0 kips = 63.5 kips
As determined in Solution A, the available critical stress due to local buckling for a W2162 with an 8-in.-deep
cope is limited to the yield stress.
Required Section Modulus Based on Local Buckling
From AISC Manual Equations 9-5 and 9-6:
LRFD ASD
Ru e Ra e 
Sreq  Sreq 
Fy Fy
95.0 kips(9.50 in.) 63.5 kips(9.50 in.)(1.67)
= =
0.90(50.0 ksi) 50.0 ksi
= 20.1 in.3 = 20.1 in.3
Try a W2173.
Snet  21.0 in.3  20.1 in.3 o.k.
Note: By comparison to a W2162, a W2173 has sufficient shear strength.

IIA-20
Solution C:
Doubler Plate Design (AISC Manual Part 9)
LRFD ASD
Doubler plate must provide a required strength of: Doubler plate must provide a required strength of:
95.0 kips – 84.3 kips = 10.7 kips 63.5 kips – 56.1 kips = 7.40 kips
 Ru  Rn beam  e  Ra  Rn beam /   e 

Sreq  Sreq 
Fy Fy
 95.0 kips  84.3 kips  9.50 in.  63.5 kips  56.1 kips  9.50 in.1.67 
= =
0.90  50 ksi  50 ksi
= 2.26 in. 3 = 2.35 in.3
For an 8-in.-deep plate, For an 8-in.-deep plate,
6 Sreq 6 Sreq
treq  treq 
d 2 d2

6 2.26 in.3  =

6 2.35 in.3 
=
8.00 in.2 8.00 in. 2
= 0.212 in. = 0.220 in.
Note: ASTM A572 Grade 50 plate is recommended in order to match the beam yield strength.
Thus, since the doubler plate must extend at least dc beyond the cope, use a PL4 in8 in.1ft 5 in. with x-in.
welds top and bottom.
Solution D:
Longitudinal Stiffener Design
Try PL4 in.4 in. slotted to fit over the beam web with Fy = 50 ksi.
From section property calculations for the neutral axis and moment of inertia, conservatively ignoring the beam
fillets, the neutral axis is located 4.39 in. from the bottom flange (8.86 in. from the top of the stiffener).
Io (in.4) Ad 2 (in.4) Io + Ad 2 (in.4)

Stiffener 0.00521 76.3 76.3
W2162 web 63.3 28.9 92.2
W2162 bottom flange 0.160 84.5 84.7
=Ix = 253 in.4
Slenderness of the Longitudinal Stiffener
 r  0.95 kc E FL from AISC Specification Table B4.1b Case 11

IIA-21
4
kc  where 0.35  kc  0.76
h tw
4
=
11.9 in. 0.400 in.
= 0.733
use kc  0.733
Ix
S xc 
c
253 in.4
=
8.86 in.
= 28.6 in.3
253 in.4
S xt 
4.39 in.
= 57.6 in.3
S xt 57.6 in.3

S xc 28.6 in.3
= 2.01  0.7, therefore,
FL  0.7 Fy
= 0.7(50 ksi)
= 35.0 ksi
 r = 0.95 0.733  29, 000 ksi  35.0 ksi

= 23.4
b 4.00 in.

t 2(4 in.)
= 8.00  23.4, therefore, the stiffener is not slender
Snet  S xc
The nominal strength of the reinforced section using AISC Manual Equation 9-6 is:
Fy Snet
Rn 
e
=

50 ksi 28.6 in.3 
9.50 in.
= 151 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Rn  0.90(151 kips)

IIA-22
 136 kips  95.0 kips o.k. Rn 151 kips


 1.67
 90.4 kips  63.5 kips o.k.
Note: ASTM A572 Grade 50 plate is recommended in order to match the beam yield strength.
Plate Dimensions
Since the longitudinal stiffening must extend at least dc beyond the cope, use PL4 in.4 in.1 ft 5 in. with ¼-in.
welds.

IIA-23
EXAMPLE II.A-7 BEAM END COPED AT THE TOP AND BOTTOM FLANGES
Given:
For an ASTM A992 W16×40 coped 32 in. deep by 92 in. wide at the top flange and 2 in. deep by 112 in. wide
at the bottom flange calculate the available strength of the beam end, considering the limit states of flexural
yielding and local buckling. Assume a 2-in. setback from the face of the support to the end of the beam.
Solution:
Beam
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
From AISC Manual Table 1-1 and AISC Manual Figure 9-3, the geometric properties are as follows:
d = 16.0 in.
tw = 0.305 in.
tf = 0.505 in.
bf = 7.00 in.
ct = 9.50 in.
dct = 3.50 in.
cb = 11.5 in.
dcb = 2.00 in.
eb = 11.5 in. + 0.50 in.
= 12.0 in.
et = 9.50 in. + 0.50 in.
= 10.0 in.
ho = 16.0 in. - 2.00 in. - 3.50 in.
= 10.5 in.
Local Buckling at the Compression (Top) Flange Cope
Because the bottom cope (tension) is longer than the top cope (compression) and dc  0.2d, the available buckling
stress is calculated using AISC Manual Equation 9-14.

IIA-24
ho Fy
 (Manual Eq. 9-18)
2
h 
10tw 475  280  o 
 ct 
10.5 in. 50 ksi

2
 10.5 in. 
10  0.305 in. 475  280  
 9.50 in. 
 0.852
Because, 0.7 <  ≤ 1.41:
Q = 1.34  0.486 (Manual Eq. 9-16)

= 1.34  0.486(0.852)
= 0.926
Available Buckling Stress
Fcr = FyQ (Manual Eq. 9-14)

= 50 ksi(0.926)
= 46.3 ksi < 50 ksi (buckling controls)
Determine the net elastic section modulus:
tw ho 2
Snet 
6
 
2
(0.305 in.) 10.5 in.2

6
 5.60 in.3
The strength based on flexural local buckling is determined as follows:
Mn =FcrSnet (Manual Eq. 9-6)

= 46.3 ksi(5.60 in.3)
= 259 kip-in.
Mn
Rn 
et
259 kip-in.

10.0 in.
 25.9 kips
LRFD ASD
b = 0.90 b = 1.67
bRn = 0.90(25.9 kips) Rn 25.9 kips

= 23.3 kips 
b 1.67
 15.5 kips
Check flexural yielding of the tension (bottom) flange cope.

IIA-25
From AISC Manual Table 9-2 the elastic section modulus of the remaining section is Snet = 15.6 in.3
The strength based on flexural yielding is determined as follows:
Mn = FySnet
= 50 ksi(15.6 in.3)
= 780 kip-in.
Mn
Rn 
eb
780 kip-in.

12.0 in.
 65.0 kips
LRFD ASD
b = 0.90 b = 1.67
bRn = 0.90(65.0 kips) Rn 65.0 kips

= 58.5 kips 
b 1.67
 38.9 kips
Thus, the available strength is controlled by local buckling in the top (compression) cope of the beam.
LRFD ASD
b = 0.90 b = 1.67
bRn = 23.3 kips Rn

 15.5 kips
b

IIA-26
EXAMPLE II.A-8 ALL-BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTIONS (BEAMS-TO-GIRDER WEB)
Given:
Design the all-bolted double-angle connections between the ASTM A992 W1240 beam (A) and ASTM A992
W2150 beam (B) and the ASTM A992 W3099 girder-web to support the following beam end reactions:
Beam A Beam B
RDA = 4.17 kips RDB = 18.3 kips
RLA = 12.5 kips RLB = 55.0 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes and assume e = 5.50 in. Use ASTM A36
angles.
Solution:
Beam A
W1240
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Beam B
W2150
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-27
Girder
W3099
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angle
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
From AISC Manual Tables 1-1 and 9-2, the geometric properties are as follows:
Beam A
W1240
tw = 0.295 in.
d = 11.9 in.
ho = 9.90 in.
Snet = 8.03 in.3
dc = 2.00 in.
c = 5.00 in.
e = 5.50 in.
Beam B
W2150
tw = 0.380 in.
d = 20.8 in.
ho = 18.8 in.
Snet = 32.5 in.3
dc = 2.00 in.
c = 5.00 in.
e = 5.50 in.
Girder
W3099
tw = 0.520 in.
d = 29.7 in.
Beam A:
LRFD ASD
RAu = 1.2(4.17 kips) + 1.6(12.5 kips) RAa = 4.17 kips + 12.5 kips
= 25.0 kips = 16.7 kips

IIA-28
Bolt Shear and Bolt Bearing, Shear Yielding, Shear Rupture and Block Shear Rupture of Angles
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for two rows of bolts and 4-in. angle thickness:
LRFD ASD
= 32.6 kips > 16.7 kips o.k.

Bolt Bearing and Block Shear Rupture of Beam Web
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for two rows of bolts and Lev = 14 in. and Leh = 12 in.:
LRFD ASD
Rn = 126 kips/in.(0.295 in.) Rn
= 37.2 kips > 25.0 kips o.k. = 83.7 kips/in.(0.295 in.)

= 24.7 kips > 16.7 kips o.k.
Flexural Yielding and Local Web Buckling
Verify parameters.
c M 2d
5.00 in. M 2(11.9 in.)
 23.8 in. o.k.
d
dc M
2
11.9 in.
2.00 in. M
2
 5.95 in. o.k.
c 5.00 in.

d 11.9 in.
= 0.420 ≤ 1.0
c 5.00 in.

ho 9.90 in.
= 0.505 ≤ 1.0
c
Because  1.0 , the plate buckling model adjustment factor:
d
c
f  2  (Manual Eq. 9-8)
d 
= 2(0.420)
= 0.840
c
Because  1.0, the plate buckling coefficient is:
ho

IIA-29
1.65
 ho 
k  2.2   (Manual Eq. 9-10)
 c 
1.65
 9.90 in. 
= 2.2  
 5.00 in. 
= 6.79
For top cope only, the critical buckling stress is:
2
t 
Fcr  26, 210  w  f k  Fy (Manual Eq. 9-7)
 ho 
2
 0.295 in. 
 26, 210    0.840  6.79 
 9.90 in. 
 133 ksi  Fy
Use Fcr = Fy = 50 ksi.
From AISC Manual Equation 9-6:
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Fcr Snet Rn Fcr Snet

Rn  
e  e
=

0.90  50 ksi  8.03 in.3  =

50 ksi 8.03 in.3 
5.50 in. 1.67  5.50 in.
= 65.7 kips > 25.0 kips o.k. = 43.7 kips > 16.7 kips o.k.

= 0.60(50 ksi)(0.295 in.)(9.90 in.)
= 87.6 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  1.00(87.6 kips) Rn 87.6 kips


 87.6 kips > 25.0 kips o.k.  1.50
 58.4 kips > 16.7 kips o.k.
Anv = tw[ho – 2(m in.+ z in.)]

= 0.295 in.(9.90 in. – 1.75 in.)
= 2.40 in.2

= 0.60(65 ksi)(2.40 in.2)

IIA-30
= 93.6 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn  0.75(93.6 kips) Rn 93.6 kips


= 70.2 kips > 25.0 kips o.k.  2.00
= 46.8 kips > 16.7 kips o.k.
Beam B:
LRFD ASD
RBu = 1.2(18.3 kips) + 1.6(55.0 kips) RBa = 18.3 kips + 55.0 kips
= 110 kips = 73.3 kips
Bolt Shear and Bolt Bearing, Shear Yielding, Shear Rupture and Block Shear Rupture of Angles
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for five rows of bolts and 4-in. angle thickness:
LRFD ASD
= 83.3 kips > 73.3 kips o.k.

From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for five rows of bolts and Lev = 14 in. and Leh = 12 in.:
LRFD ASD
Rn = 312 kips/in.(0.380 in.) Rn
= 119 kips > 110 kips o.k. = 208 kips/in.(0.380 in.)

= 79.0 kips > 73.3 kips o.k.
Flexural Yielding and Local Web Buckling
Verify parameters.
c M 2d
5.00 in. M 2(20.8 in.)
 41.6 in. o.k.
d
dc M
2
20.8 in.
2.00 in. M
2
 10.4 in. o.k.

IIA-31
c 5.00 in.

d 20.8 in.
= 0.240 ≤ 1.0
c 5.00 in.

ho 18.8 in.
= 0.266 ≤ 1.0
c
Because  1.0, the plate buckling model adjustment factor is:
d
2c
f  (Manual Eq. 9-8)
d
= 2(0.240)
= 0.480
c
Because  1.0, the plate buckling coefficient is:
ho
1.65
h 
k  2.2  o  (Manual Eq. 9-10)
 c 
1.65
 18.8 in. 
= 2.2  
 5.00 in. 
= 19.6
2
t 
Fcr  26, 210  w  f k  Fy (Manual Eq. 9-7)
 ho 
2
 0.380 in. 
 26, 210    0.480 19.6 
 18.8 in. 
 101 ksi  Fy
Use Fcr = Fy = 50 ksi.
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Fcr Snet Rn Fcr Snet

Rn  
e  e
=

0.90  50 ksi  32.5 in.3  =

50 ksi 32.5 in.3 
5.50 in. 1.67  5.50 in.
= 266 kips > 110 kips o.k. = 177 kips > 73.3 kips o.k.

IIA-32

= 0.60(50 ksi)(0.380 in.)(18.8 in.)
= 214 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  1.00  214 kips  Rn 214 kips


 214 kips > 110 kips o.k.  1.50
 143 kips > 73.3 kips o.k.
Anv = tw[ho – (5)(m in. + z in.)]

= 0.380 in.(18.8 in. – 4.38 in.)
= 5.48 in.2

= 0.60(65 ksi)(5.48 in.2)
= 214 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn  0.75  214 kips  Rn 214 kips


 161 kips > 110 kips o.k.  2.00
 107 kips > 73.3 kips o.k.
Supporting Girder
Supporting Girder Web
The required bearing strength per bolt is greatest for the bolts that are loaded by both connections. Thus, for the
design of these four critical bolts, the required strength is determined as follows:
LRFD ASD
From Beam A, each bolt must support one-fourth of From Beam A, each bolt must support one-fourth of
25.0 kips or 6.25 kips/bolt. 16.7 kips or 4.18 kips/bolt.
From Beam B, each bolt must support one-tenth of 110 From Beam B, each bolt must support one-tenth of 73.3
kips or 11.0 kips/bolt. kips or 7.33 kips/bolt.
Thus, Thus,
Ru = 6.25 kips/bolt + 11.0 kips/bolt Ra = 4.18 kips/bolt + 7.33 kips/bolt

= 17.3 kips/bolt = 11.5 kips/bolt
From AISC Manual Table 7-4, the allowable bearing From AISC Manual Table 7-4, the allowable bearing
strength per bolt is: strength per bolt is:

IIA-33
rn = 87.8 kips/in.(0.520 in.) rn

= 45.7 kips/bolt > 17.3 kips/bolt o.k. = 58.5 kips/in.(0.520 in.)

= 30.4 kips/bolt > 11.5 kips/bolt o.k.
The tabulated values may be verified by hand calculations, as follows:
From AISC Specification Equation J3-6a:
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00

rn = 1.2lctFu M 2.4dtFu rn 1.2lc tFu 2.4dtFu
= M 
  
lc  3.00in.  m in.
 2.19 in. lc  3.00in.  m in.
 2.19 in.
1.2lctFu = 0.75 1.2  2.19 in. 0.520 in. 65 ksi  1.2lc tFu 1.2  2.19 in. 0.520 in. 65 ksi 

= 66.6 kips  2.00
= 44.4 kips
  2.4dtFu   0.75(2.4)(0.750 in.)  0.520 in. 65 ksi  2.4dtFu 2.4  0.750 in. 0.520 in. 65.0 ksi 

= 45.6 kips < 66.6 kips  2.00
= 30.4 kips < 44.4 kips
rn = 45.6 kips/bolt > 17.3 kips/bolt o.k. rn

= 30.4 kips/bolt > 11.5 kips/bolt o.k.


IIA-34
EXAMPLE II.A-9 OFFSET ALL-BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTIONS (BEAMS-TO-

GIRDER WEB)
Given:
Two all-bolted double-angle connections are made back-to-back with offset beams. Design the connections to
accommodate an offset of 6 in. Use an ASTM A992 beam, and ASTM A992 beam and ASTM A36 angles.
Solution:
Girder
W1850
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-35
Beam
W1645
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Girder
W1850
tw = 0.355 in.
d = 18.0 in.
Beam
W1645
tw = 0.345 in.
d = 16.1 in.
Modify the 2L4324 SLBB connection designed in Example II.A-4 to work in the configuration shown in the
preceding figure. The offset dimension (6 in.) is approximately equal to the gage on the support from the previous
example (6¼ in.) and, therefore, is not recalculated.
Thus, the bearing strength of the middle vertical row of bolts (through both connections), which carries a portion
of the reaction for both connections, must be verified for this new configuration.
For each beam,
RD = 10 kips
RL = 30 kips
From Chapter 2 of ASCE 7, the required strength is:
LRFD ASD
= 60.0 kips = 40.0 kips
Bolt Shear
LRFD ASD
60.0 kips 40.0 kips
ru  ra 
6 bolts 6 bolts
From AISC Manual Table 7-1, the available shear From AISC Manual Table 7-1, the available shear
strength of a single bolt in double shear is: strength of a single bolt in single shear is:
17.9 kips/bolt > 10.0 kips/bolt o.k. 11.9 kips/bolt > 6.67 kips/bolt o.k.

IIA-36
Supporting Girder Web
At the middle vertical row of bolts, the required bearing strength for one bolt is the sum of the required shear
strength per bolt for each connection. The available bearing strength per bolt is determined from AISC Manual
Table 7-4.
LRFD ASD
ru = 2(10.0 kips/bolt) ra = 2(6.67 kips/bolt)

rn = 87.8 kips/in(0.355 in.) rn
= 58.5 kips/in.(0.355 in.)
= 31.2 kips/bolt > 20.0 kips/bolt o.k. 
Note: If the bolts are not spaced equally from the supported beam web, the force in each column of bolts should
be determined by using a simple beam analogy between the bolts, and applying the laws of statics.

IIA-37
EXAMPLE II.A-10 SKEWED DOUBLE BENT-PLATE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-GIRDER WEB)
Given:
Design the skewed double bent-plate connection between an ASTM A992 W1677 beam and ASTM A992
W2794 girder-web to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 13.3 kips
RL = 40.0 kips
Use d-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes through the support and ASTM A36
plates. Use 70-ksi electrode welds to the supported beam.
Fig. II.A-10. Skewed Double Bent-Plate Connection (Beam-to-Girder Web)

Solution:

IIA-38
Beam
W1677
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Girder
W2794
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W1677
tw = 0.455 in.
d = 16.5 in.
Girder
W2794
tw = 0.490 in.
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2 (13.3 kips) + 1.6 (40.0 kips) Ra = 13.3 kips + 40.0 kips
= 80.0 kips = 53.3 kips
Using figure (c) of the connection, assign load to each vertical row of bolts by assuming a simple beam analogy
between bolts and applying the laws of statics.
LRFD ASD
Required strength for bent plate A: Required strength for bent plate A:
80.0 kips (24 in.) 53.3 kips (24 in.)

Ru = Ra =
6.00 in. 6.00 in.
= 30.0 kips = 20.0 kips
Required strength for bent plate B: Required strength for bent plate B:
Ru  80.0 kips  30.0 kips Ra  53.3 kips  20.0 kips

= 50.0 kips = 33.3 kips
Assume that the welds across the top and bottom of the plates will be 22 in. long, and that the load acts at the
intersection of the beam centerline and the support face.

IIA-39
While the welds do not coincide on opposite faces of the beam web and the weld groups are offset, the locations
of the weld groups will be averaged and considered identical. See figure (d).
Weld Design
Assume a plate length of 82 in.
kl
k
l
22 in.
=
82 in.
= 0.294
22 in.(14 in.)(2)
xl 
22 in.(2)  82 in.
= 0.463 in.
 al  xl   xl
a
l
3s in  0.463 in.
=
8.50 in.
= 0.373
Interpolating from AISC Manual Table 8-8, with  = 0, a = 0.373, and k = 0.294,
C = 2.52
The required weld size for two such welds using AISC Manual Equation 8-13 is:
LRFD ASD
  0.75   2.00
Ru Ra
Dreq  Dreq 
CC1l CC1l
50.0 kips 2.00  33.3 kips 
 
0.75  2.52 1.0  82 in. 2.52 1.0  82 in.
 3.11  4 sixteenths  3.11  4 sixteenths
Use 4-in. fillet welds and at least c-in.-thick bent plates to allow for the welds.
Beam Web Thickness
According to Part 9 of the AISC Manual, with FEXX = 70 ksi on both sides of the connection, the minimum
thickness required to match the available shear rupture strength of the connection element to the available shear
rupture strength of the base metal is:
6.19 D
tmin  (Manual Eq. 9-3)
Fu
6.19  3.11 sixteenths 
=
65 ksi
= 0.296 in. < 0.455 in. o.k.

IIA-40
Bolt Shear
LRFD ASD
Maximum shear to one bent plate = 50.0 kips Maximum shear to one bent plate = 33.3 kips
Try 3 rows of d-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N bolts. Try 3 rows of d-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N bolts.
From AISC Manual Table 7-1: From AISC Manual Table 7-1:
Rn  n  rn  Rn r 
 n n 
= 3 bolts(24.3 kips/bolt)  
= 72.9 kips > 50.0 kips o.k. = 3 bolts(16.2 kips/bolt)
= 48.6 kips > 33.3 kips o.k.
Bearing on Support
From AISC Manual Table 7-4 with 3-in. spacing in standard holes:
LRFD ASD
rn = 102 kips/in.(0.490 in.)(3 bolts) Rn
= 150 kips > 50.0 kips o.k. = 68.3 kips/in.(0.490 in.)(3 bolts)

= 100 kips > 33.3 kips o.k.
Bent Plate Design
Try a c in plate.
LRFD ASD
Bearing on plate from AISC Manual Tables 7-4 and Bearing on plate from AISC Manual Tables 7-4 and
7-5: 7-5:
rni
rni = 91.4 kips/in. = 60.9 kips/in.

rno = 40.8 kips/in. rno

= 27.2 kips/in.

 91.4 kips/in. 2 bolts  
Rn    (c in.) Rn  60.9 kips/in. 2 bolts  
   40.8 kips / in.1 bolt      c in.
    27.2 kips/in.1 bolt  
= 69.9 kips > 50.0 kips o.k.
= 46.6 kips > 33.3 kips o.k.
Shear yielding of plate using AISC Specification Shear yielding of plate using AISC Specification
Equation J4-3: Equation J4-3:
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn = 0.60FyAgv Rn 0.60 Fy Agv
= 1.00(0.60)(36 ksi)(82 in.)(c in.)  
 
= 57.4 kips > 50.0 kips o.k.
0.60  36 ksi  82 in. c in.
=
1.50
= 38.3 kips > 33.3 kips o.k.

IIA-41
LRFD ASD
Shear rupture of plate using AISC Specification Shear rupture of plate using AISC Specification
Equation J4-4: Equation J4-4:

Anv  82 in.  3 1.00 in.   c in. Anv  82 in.  3 1.00 in.   c in.
= 1.72 in. 2
= 1.72 in.2
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn = 0.60FuAnv Rn 0.60 Fu Anv

 
= 0.75(0.60)(58 ksi)(1.72 in.2)  
= 44.9 kips < 50.0 kips n.g.
=

0.60  58 ksi  1.72 in.2 
2.00
= 29.9 kips < 33.3 kips n.g.
Increase the plate thickness to a in. Increase the plate thickness to a in.
Anv  82 in.  3 1.00 in.   a in. Anv  82 in.  3 1.00 in.   a in.
= 2.06 in.2 = 2.06 in.2
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn = 0.75(0.60)(58 ksi)(2.06 in.2)

= 53.8 kips > 50.0 kips o.k. =

Rn 0.60  58 ksi  2.06 in.
2

 2.00
= 35.8 kips > 33.3 kips o.k.
Block shear rupture of plate using AISC Specification Block shear rupture of plate using AISC Specification
Equation J4-5 with n = 3, Lev = Leh = 14 in., Ubs = 1: Equation J4-5 with n = 3, Lev = Leh = 14 in., Ubs = 1:
Rn  U bs Fu Ant  min  0.60 Fy Agv , 0.60 Fu Anv  Rn U bs Fu Ant  0.60 Fy Agv 0.60 Fu Anv 
  min  , 
     
Tension rupture component from AISC Manual Table Tension rupture component from AISC Manual Table
9-3a: 9-3a:
U bs Fu Ant = (1.0)(32.6 kips/in.)(a in.) U bs Fu Ant

= (1.0)(21.8 kips/in.)( a in.)

Shear yielding component from AISC Manual Table
9-3b: Shear yielding component from AISC Manual Table
9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv = 117 kips/in.( a in.)
0.60 Fy Agv
= 78.3 kips/in.(a in.)
Shear rupture component from AISC Manual Table 
9-3c:
Shear rupture component from AISC Manual Table
0.60 Fu Anv = 124 kips/in.(a in.) 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv
= 82.6 kips/in.(a in.)


IIA-42
LRFD ASD
Rn = (32.6 kips/in. + 117 kips/in.)(a in.) Rn
= 56.1 kips > 50.0 kips o.k.  = (21.8 kips/in.+ 78.3 kips/in.)(a in.)

= 37.5 kips > 33.3 kips o.k.
Thus, the configuration shown in Figure II.A-10 can be supported using a-in. bent plates, and 4-in. fillet welds.

IIA-43
EXAMPLE II.A-11 SHEAR END-PLATE CONNECTION (BEAM TO GIRDER WEB)
Given:
Design a shear end-plate connection to connect an ASTM A992 W1850 beam to an ASTM A992 W2162 girder
web, to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 10 kips
RL = 30 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes, 70-ksi electrodes and ASTM A36 plates.
Solution:
Beam
W1850
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Girder
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W1850
d = 18.0 in.
tw = 0.355 in.
Snet = 23.4 in.3
c = 44 in.
dc = 2 in.
e = 42 in.

IIA-44
ho = 16.0 in.
Girder
W2162
tw = 0.400 in.
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2 (10 kips) + 1.6 (30 kips) Ra = 10 kips + 30 kips
= 60.0 kips = 40.0 kips
Bolt Shear and Bolt Bearing, Shear Yielding, Shear Rupture, and Block Shear Rupture of End-Plate
From AISC Manual Table 10-4, for 3 rows of bolts and 4-in. plate thickness:
LRFD ASD
 50.9 kips  40.0 kips o.k.

Weld Shear and Beam Web Shear Rupture
Try x-in. weld. From AISC Manual Table 10-4, the minimum beam web thickness is,
tw min = 0.286 in. < 0.355 in. o.k.
LRFD ASD
 45.2 kips  40.0 kips o.k.

Bolt Bearing on Girder Web
LRFD ASD
Rn = 526 kip/in.(0.400 in.) Rn
= 210 kips > 60.0 kips o.k.  351 kip/in.(0.400 in.)

= 140 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Coped Beam Strength
As was shown in Example II.A-4, the coped section does not control the design. o.k.
Beam Web Shear
As was shown in Example II.A-4, beam web shear does not control the design. o.k.

IIA-45
EXAMPLE II.A-12 ALL-BOLTED UNSTIFFENED SEATED CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN

WEB)
Given:
Design an all-bolted unstiffened seated connection between an ASTM A992 W1650 beam and an ASTM A992
W1490 column web to support the following end reactions:
RD = 9.0 kips
RL = 27.5 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes and ASTM A36 angles.
Note: For calculation purposes, assume setback is equal to w in. to account for possible beam underrun.
Solution:
Beam
W1650
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W1650
tw = 0.380 in.

IIA-46
d = 16.3 in.
bf = 7.07 in.
tf = 0.630 in.
kdes = 1.03 in.
Column
W1490
tw = 0.440 in.
LRFD ASD
= 54.8 kips = 36.5 kips
Web Local Yielding Bearing Length (AISC Specification Section J10.2):
lb min is the length of bearing required for the limit states of web local yielding and web local crippling on the
beam, but not less than kdes.
LRFD ASD
Ru  R1 Ra  R1 / 
lb min   kdes (from Manual Eq. 9-45a) lb min   kdes (from Manual Eq. 9-45b)
R2 R2 / 
54.8 kips  48.9 kips 36.5 kips  32.6 kips
  1.03 in.   1.03 in.
19.0 kips/in. 12.7 kips/in.
 0.311 in.  1.03 in.  0.307 in.  1.03 in.
Use lbmin  1.03 in. Use lbmin  1.03 in.
Web Local Crippling Bearing Length (AISC Specification Section J10.3):
 lb  3.25 in.
  
 d max 16.3 in.
 0.199  0.2
lb
From AISC Manual Table 9-4, when  0.2,
d
LRFD ASD
Ru  R3 Ra  R3 / 
lb min  (from Manual Eq. 9-47a) lb min  (from Manual Eq. 9-47b)
R4 R4 / 
 
which results in a negative quantity. which results in a negative quantity.
Therefore, lb min  kdes  1.03 in. Therefore, lb min  kdes  1.03 in.
Shear Yielding and Flexural Yielding of Angle and Local Yielding and Crippling of Beam Web
Try an 8-in. angle length with a s in. thickness, a 32-in. minimum outstanding leg and lb req = 1.03 in.

IIA-47
Conservatively, use lb =1z in.
LRFD ASD
= 59.9 kips > 36.5 kips o.k.

Try L64s (4-in. OSL), 8-in. long with 52-in. bolt gage, connection type B (four bolts).
From AISC Manual Table 10-5, for w-in. diameter ASTM A325-N bolts:
LRFD ASD
= 47.7 kips > 36.5 kips o.k.

Bolt Bearing on the Angle
LRFD ASD
Required bearing strength: Required bearing strength:
54.8 kips 36.5 kips

ru  ra 
4 bolts 4 bolts
By inspection, tear-out does not control; therefore, only By inspection, tear-out does not control; therefore, only
the limit on AISC Specification Equation J3-6a need be the limit on AISC Specification Equation J3-6a need be
checked. checked.
From AISC Specification Equation J3-6a: From AISC Specification Equation J3-6a:
Rn  2.4dtFu Rn 2.4dtFu


= 0.75(2.4)(w in.)(s in.)(58 ksi)  
= 48.9 kips > 13.7 kips o.k. 2.4  w in. s in. 58 ksi 
=
2.00
= 32.6 kips > 9.13 kips o.k.
Bolt Bearing on the Column
LRFD ASD
Rn  2.4dtFu Rn 2.4dtFu

= 0.75(2.4)(w in.)(0.440 in.)(65 ksi)  
= 38.6 kips > 13.7 kips o.k. 2.4  w in. 0.440 in. 65 ksi 
=
2.00
= 25.7 kips > 9.13 kips o.k.
Top Angle and Bolts
Use an L444 with two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts through each leg.

IIA-48
EXAMPLE II.A-13 BOLTED/WELDED UNSTIFFENED SEATED CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-

COLUMN FLANGE)
Given:
Design an unstiffened seated connection between an ASTM A992 W2162 beam and an ASTM A992 W1461
column flange to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 9.0 kips
RL = 27.5 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes to connect the supported beam to the seat
and top angles. Use 70-ksi electrode welds to connect the seat and top angles to the column flange and ASTM
A36 angles.
Note: For calculation purposes, assume setback is equal to ¾ in. to account for possible beam underrun.
Solution:
Beam
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1461
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-49
Angles
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W2162
tw = 0.400 in.
d = 21.0 in.
bf = 8.24 in.
tf = 0.615 in.
kdes = 1.12 in.
Column
W1461
tf = 0.645 in.
LRFD ASD
= 54.8 kips = 36.5 kips
lb min is the length of bearing required for the limit states of web local yielding and web local crippling of the
beam, but not less than kdes.
LRFD ASD
Ru  R1 Ra  R1 / 
R2 R2 / 
  1.12 in.   1.12 in.
 lb  34 in.
  
 d max 21.0 in.
 0.155  0.2

IIA-50
lb
d
LRFD ASD
Ru  R3 Ra  R3 / 
R4 R4 / 
 
Shear Yielding and Flexural Yielding of Angle and Local Yielding and Crippling of Beam Web
Try an 8-in. angle length with a s-in. thickness and a 32-in. minimum outstanding leg.
Conservatively, use lb = 18 in.
LRFD ASD
Rn =81.0 kips > 54.8 kips o.k. Rn
= 53.9 kips > 36.5 kips o.k.

Try an L84s (4 in. OSL), 8 in. long with c-in. fillet welds.
LRFD ASD
= 44.5 kips > 36.5 kips o.k.

Use two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N bolts to connect the beam to the seat angle.
The strength of the bolts, welds and angles must be verified if horizontal forces are added to the connection.
Top Angle, Bolts and Welds
Use an L444 with two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts through the supported beam leg of the
angle. Use a x-in. fillet weld along the toe of the angle to the column flange. See the discussion in AISC Manual
Part 10.

IIA-51
EXAMPLE II.A-14 STIFFENED SEATED CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN FLANGE)
Given:
Design a stiffened seated connection between an ASTM A992 W2168 beam and an ASTM A992 W1490
column flange, to support the following end reactions:
RD = 21 kips
RL = 62.5 kips
plate and top angle. Use 70-ksi electrode welds to connect the stiffener and top angle to the column flange and
ASTM A36 plates and angles.
Note: For calculation purposes, assume setback is equal to ¾ in. to account for possible beam underrun.
Solution:
Beam
W2168
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-52
Angles and plates

ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W2168
tw = 0.430 in.
d = 21.1 in.
bf = 8.27 in.
tf = 0.685 in.
kdes = 1.19 in.
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2 (21 kips) + 1.6 (62.5 kips) Ra = 21 kips + 62.5 kips
= 125 kips = 83.5 kips
Required Stiffener Width, W
For web local crippling, assume lb/d > 0.2.
From AISC Manual Table 9-4, Wmin for local crippling is:
LRFD ASD
Ru  R5 Ra  R5 / 
Wmin   setback Wmin   setback
R6 R6 / 
125 kips  75.9 kips 83.5 kips  50.6 kips
=  w in. =  w in.
7.95 kips / in. 5.30 kips / in.
= 6.93 in. = 6.96 in.
From AISC Manual Table 9-4, Wmin for web local yielding is:
LRFD ASD
Ru  R1 Ra  R1 / 
Wmin   setback Wmin   setback
R2 R2 / 
125 kips  64.0 kips 83.5 kips  42.6 kips
=  w in. =  w in.
21.5 kips / in. 14.3 kips / in.
= 3.59 in. < 6.93 in. = 3.61 in. < 6.96 in.
Use W = 7 in.
Check assumption:
lb 7.00 in.  w in.


d 21.1 in.

IIA-53
= 0.296 > 0.2 o.k.
Stiffener Length, L, and Stiffener to Column Flange Weld Size
Try a stiffener with L = 15 in. and c-in. fillet welds.
LRFD ASD
= 93.0 kips > 83.5 kips o.k.

Seat Plate Welds (AISC Manual Part 10)
Use c-in. fillet welds on each side of the stiffener. Minimum length of seat plate to column flange weld is 0.2(L)
= 3 in. The weld between the seat plate and stiffener plate is required to have a strength equal to or greater than
the weld between the seat plate and the column flange, use c-in. fillet welds on each side of the stiffener to the
seat plate; length of weld = 6 in.
Seat Plate Dimensions (AISC Manual Part 10)
A width of 9 in. is adequate to accommodate two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N bolts on a 52 in. gage
connecting the beam flange to the seat plate.
Use a PLa in.7 in.9 in. for the seat.
Stiffener Plate Thickness (AISC Manual Part 10)
Determine the minimum plate thickness to develop the stiffener to the seat plate weld.
tmin  2w
= 2(c in.)
= s in.
Determine the minimum plate thickness for a stiffener with Fy = 36 ksi and a beam with Fy = 50 ksi.
50 ksi
tmin  tw
36 ksi
50 ksi
=  0.430 in.
36 ksi
= 0.597 in. < s in.
Use a PL s in.7 in.1 ft 3 in.
Use an L444with two w-in.-diameter A325-N or F1852-N bolts through the supported beam leg of the angle.
Use a x-in. fillet weld along the toe of the angle to the column flange.

IIA-54
EXAMPLE II.A-15 STIFFENED SEATED CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN WEB)
Given:
Design a stiffened seated connection between an ASTM A992 W2168 beam and an ASTM A992 W1490
column web to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 21 kips
RL = 62.5 kips
plate and top angle. Use 70-ksi electrode welds to connect the stiffener and top angle to the column web. Use
ASTM A36 angles and plates.
Solution:
Beam
W2168
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-55
Angles and Plates

ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W2168
tw = 0.430 in.
d = 21.1 in.
bf = 8.27 in.
tf = 0.685 in.
kdes = 1.19 in.
Column
W1490
tw = 0.440 in.
T = 10 in.
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2 (21 kips) + 1.6 (62.5 kips) Ra = 21 kips + 62.5 kips
= 125 kips = 83.5 kips
Required Stiffener Width, W
As calculated in Example II.A-14, use W = 7 in.
Stiffener Length, L, and Stiffener to Column Web Weld Size
As calculated in Example II.A-14, use L = 15 in. and c-in. fillet welds.
Seat Plate Welds (AISC Manual Part 10)
As calculated in Example II.A-14, use 3 in. of c-in. weld on both sides of the seat plate for the seat plate to
column web welds and for the seat plate to stiffener welds.
Seat Plate Dimensions (AISC Manual Part 10)
For a column web support, the maximum distance from the face of the support to the line of the bolts between the
beam flange and seat plate is 32 in. The PLa in.7 in.9 in. selected in Example II.A-14 will accommodate these
bolts.
Stiffener Plate Thickness (AISC Manual Part 10)
As calculated in Example II.A-14, use a PLs in.7 in.1 ft 3 in.
Use an L444 with two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N bolts through the supported beam leg of the angle. Use a
x-in. fillet weld along the toe of the angle to the column web.
Column Web

IIA-56
If only one side of the column web has a stiffened seated connection, then,
3.09 D
tw min  (Manual Eq. 9-2)
Fu
3.09  5sixteenths 
=
65 ksi
= 0.238 in.
If both sides of the column web have a stiffened seated connection, then,
6.19 D
tw min  (Manual Eq. 9-3)
Fu
=
65 ksi
= 0.476 in.
Column tw = 0.440 in., which is sufficient for the one-sided stiffened seated connection shown.
Note: Additional detailing considerations for stiffened seated connections are given in Part 10 of the AISC
Manual.

IIA-57
EXAMPLE II.A-16 OFFSET UNSTIFFENED SEATED CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN

FLANGE)
Given:
Determine the seat angle and weld size required for the unstiffened seated connection between an ASTM A992
W1448 beam and an ASTM A992 W1265 column flange connection with an offset of 5½ in., to support the
following beam end reactions:
RD = 5.0 kips
RL = 15 kips
Use 70-ksi electrode welds to connect the seat angle to the column flange and an ASTM A36 angle.
Solution:
Beam
W1448
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1265
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angle

IIA-58
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W1448
tw = 0.340 in.
d = 13.8 in.
bf = 8.03 in.
tf = 0.595 in.
kdes = 1.19 in.
Column
W1265
bf = 12.0 in.
tf = 0.605 in.
LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2 (5.0 kips) + 1.6 (15 kips) Ra = 5.0 kips + 15 kips
= 30.0 kips = 20.0 kips
lb min is the length of bearing required for the limit states of web local yielding and web local crippling, but not less
than kdes.
LRFD ASD
Ru  R1 Ra   R1 /  
R2  R2 /  
= > 1.19 in. = > 1.19 in.
17.0 kips / in. 11.3 kips / in.
Therefore, lb min = kdes = 1.19 in. Therefore, lb min = kdes = 1.19 in.
lb
d
LRFD ASD
Ru  R3 Ra   R3 /  
R4  R4 /  
20.0 kips  36.8 kips
30.0 kips  55.2 kips 
 3.46 kips/in.
5.19 kips/in.
which results in a negative quantity.

IIA-59
which results in a negative quantity.

Therefore, lb,req = kdes = 1.19 in.
Therefore, lb,req = kdes = 1.19 in.
Seat Angle and Welds
The required strength for the righthand weld can be determined by summing moments about the lefthand weld.
LRFD ASD
30.0 kips  3.00 in. 20.0 kips  3.00 in.
RuR  RaR 
3.50 in. 3.50 in.
= 25.7 kips = 17.1 kips
Conservatively design the seat for twice the force in the more highly loaded weld. Therefore design the seat for
the following:
LRFD ASD
Ru = 2(25.7 kips) Ra = 2(17.1 kips)
= 51.4 kips = 34.2 kips
Try a 6-in. angle length with a s-in. thickness.
From AISC Manual Table 10-6, with lb,req = 1x in.:
LRFD ASD
= 36.7 kips > 34.2 kips o.k.

For an L74 (OSL) angle with c-in. fillet welds, the weld strength from AISC Manual Table 10-6 is:
LRFD ASD
= 35.6 kips > 34.2 kips o.k.

Use L74s6 in. for the seat angle. Use two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts to connect the
beam to the seat angle. Weld the angle to the column with c-in. fillet welds.
Use an L444 with two w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts through the outstanding leg of the
angle.
Use a x-in. fillet weld along the toe of the angle to the column flange (maximum size permitted by AISC
Specification Section J2.2b).

IIA-60
EXAMPLE II.A-17 SINGLE-PLATE CONNECTION (CONVENTIONALBEAM-TO-COLUMN

FLANGE)
Given:
Design a single-plate connection between an ASTM A992 W1650 beam and an ASTM A992 W1490 column
flange to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 8.0 kips
RL = 25 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes, 70-ksi electrode welds and an ASTM
A36 plate.
Solution:
Beam
W1650
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-61
Beam
W1650
tw = 0.380 in.
d = 16.3 in.
tf = 0.630 in.
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
LRFD ASD
= 49.6 kips = 33.0 kips
Bolt Shear, Weld Shear, and Bolt Bearing, Shear Yielding, Shear Rupture, and Block Shear Rupture of the Plate
Try four rows of bolts, 4-in. plate thickness, and x-in. fillet weld size.
From AISC Manual Table 10-10a:
LRFD ASD
 34.8 kips  33.0 kips o.k.

Bolt Bearing for Beam Web
Block shear rupture, shear yielding and shear rupture will not control for an uncoped section.
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for an uncoped section, the beam web available strength is:
LRFD ASD
Rn = 351 kips/in.(0.380 in.) Rn
= 133 kips > 49.6 kips o.k.  234 kips/in.  0.380 in. 

= 88.9 kips > 33.0 kips o.k.
Note: To provide for stability during erection, it is recommended that the minimum plate length be one-half the T-
dimension of the beam to be supported. AISC Manual Table 10-1 may be used as a reference to determine the
recommended maximum and minimum connection lengths for a supported beam.

IIA-62
EXAMPLE II.A-18 SINGLE-PLATE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-GIRDER WEB)
Given:
Design a single-plate connection between an ASTM A992 W1835 beam and an ASTM A992 W2162 girder
web to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 6.5 kips
RL = 20 kips
The top flange is coped 2 in. deep by 4 in. long, Lev = 1½ in. Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts
in standard holes, 70-ksi electrode welds and an ASTM A36 plate.
Solution:
Beam
W1835
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Girder
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-63
From AISC Manual Table 1-1 and Figure 9-2, the geometric properties are as follows:
Beam
W1835
tw = 0.300 in.
d = 17.7 in.
tf = 0.425 in.
c = 4.00 in.
dc = 2.00 in.
ho = 15.7 in.
Girder
W2162
tw = 0.400 in.
LRFD ASD
= 39.8 kips = 26.5 kips
Bolt Shear, Weld Shear, and Bolt Bearing, Shear Yielding, Shear Rupture, and Block Shear Rupture of the Plate
Try four rows of bolts, 4-in. plate thickness, and x-in. fillet weld size.
From AISC Manual Table 10-10a:
LRFD ASD
 34.8 kips  26.5 kips o.k.

Bolt Bearing and Block Shear Rupture for Beam Web
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for a coped section with n = 4, Lev = 12 in., and Leh > 1w in.:
LRFD ASD
Rn = 269 kips/in.(0.300 in.) Rn
= 80.7 kips > 39.8 kips o.k.  180 kips/in.  0.300 in.

= 54.0 kips > 26.5 kips o.k.
Shear Rupture of the Girder Web at the Weld
3.09 D
Fu
=
65 ksi
= 0.143 in. < 0.400 in. o.k.
Note: For coped beam sections, the limit states of flexural yielding and local buckling should be checked
independently per AISC Manual Part 9. The supported beam web should also be checked for shear yielding and
shear rupture per AISC Specification Section J4.2. However, for the shallow cope in this example, these limit
states do not govern. For an illustration of these checks, see Example II.A-4.

IIA-64
EXAMPLE II.A-19 EXTENDED SINGLE-PLATE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN WEB)
Given:
Design the connection between an ASTM A992 W1636 beam and the web of an ASTM A992 W1490 column,
to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 6.0 kips
RL = 18 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes and an ASTM A36 plate. The beam is
braced by the floor diaphragm. The plate is assumed to be thermally cut.
Note: All dimensional limitations are satisfied.
Solution:
Beam
W1636
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
IIA-65
W1636
tw = 0.295 in.
d = 15.9 in.
Column
W1490
tw = 0.440 in.
bf = 14.5 in.
LRFD ASD
= 36.0 kips = 24.0 kips
Determine the distance from the support to the first line of bolts and the distance to the center of gravity of the
bolt group.
a = 9.00 in.
e = 9.00 in. +1.50 in.

= 10.5 in.
Bearing Strength of One Bolt on the Beam Web
Tear out does not control by inspection.
From AISC Manual Table 7-4, determine the bearing strength (right side of AISC Specification Equation J3-6a):
LRFD ASD
rn = 87.8 kips in.  0.295 in. rn
= 58.5 kips in.  0.295 in.
= 25.9 kips 
= 17.3 kips
Shear Strength of One Bolt
LRFD ASD
rn  17.9 kips rn
 11.9 kips

Therefore, shear controls over bearing.
Strength of the Bolt Group
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 7-7, with e = 10.5 in.:
C = 2.33

IIA-66
LRFD ASD
Rn  C rn Rn Crn

 2.33(17.9 kips)  
=41.7 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.  2.33(11.9 kips)
= 27.7 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Maximum Plate Thickness
Determine the maximum plate thickness, tmax, that will result in the plate yielding before the bolts shear.
Fnv = 54 ksi from AISC Specification Table J3.2
C = 26.0 in. from AISC Manual Table 7-7 for the moment-only case
Fnv
M max   Ab C'  (Manual Eq. 10-3)
0.90
=
54 ksi
0.90

0.442 in.2   26.0 in.
= 690 kip-in.
6M max
tmax = (Manual Eq. 10-2)
Fy d 2
6  690 kip-in.
=
36 ksi 12.0 in.
2
= 0.799 in.
Try a plate thickness of ½ in.
Bolt Bearing on Plate
m in.
lc  1.50in. 
2
= 1.09 in.
Rn  1.2lc tFu  2.4dtFu (Spec. Eq. J3-6a)

1.2(1.09 in.)(2 in.)(58 ksi)  2.4(w in.)(2 in.)(58 ksi)
37.9 kips/bolt  52.2 kips/bolt
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn = 0.75(37.9 kips/bolt) Rn 37.9 kips/bolt
=
= 28.4 kips/bolt > 17.9 kip/bolt  2.00
= 19.0 kips/bolt > 11.9 kips/bolt
Therefore, bolt shear controls.
Shear Yielding of Plate
Using AISC Specification Equation J4-3:

IIA-67
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn = 0.60FyAgv Rn 0.60 Fy Agv
 = 1.00(0.60)(36 ksi)(12.0 in.)(2 in.) = 
 
= 130 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. 0.60  36 ksi 12.0 in.2 in.
 =
1.50
= 86.4 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Shear Rupture of Plate
Anv  t p  d  n  db  8 in. 
 2 in. 12.0 in.  4 m in.  z in. 
 4.25 in.2
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn  0.60 Fu Anv Rn 0.60 Fu Anv


= 0.75(0.60)  58 ksi  4.25 in.2   
= 111 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. =


0.60  58 ksi  4.25 in.2 
2.00
= 74.0 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Block Shear Rupture of Plate
n = 4, Lev = 12 in., Leh = 44 in.
LRFD ASD
Rn = UbsFuAnt + min(0.60FyAgv, 0.60FuAnv) Rn U bs Fu Ant  0.60 Fy Agv 0.60 Fu Anv 
  min  , 
     
Tension rupture component: Tension rupture component:
U bs = 0.5 from AISC Specification Section J4.3 U bs = 0.5 from AISC Specification Section J4.3
Ant  2 in.  44 in.  1.5 m in.  z in.  Ant  2 in.  44 in.  1.5 m in.  z in. 
 1.47 in.2  1.47 in.2
U bs Fu Ant  0.75(0.5)(58 ksi)(1.47 in.2 ) 

U bs Fu Ant 0.5  58 ksi  1.47 in.

2

 32.0 kips  2.00
 21.3 kips

IIA-68
LRFD ASD
Shear yielding component from AISC Manual Table Shear yielding component from AISC Manual Table
9-3b: 9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv
0.60 Fy Agv  170 kips/in. 2 in.  113 kips/in. 2 in.

 85.0 kips  56.5 kips
Shear rupture component from AISC Manual Table Shear rupture component from AISC Manual Table
9-3c: 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv  194 kips/in. 2 in. 0.60 Fu Anv

 129 kips/in. 2 in.
 97.0 kips 
 64.5 kips
Rn  32.0 kips  85.0 kips Rn

 21.3 kips + 56.5 kips
= 117 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. 
= 77.8 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Shear Yielding, Shear Buckling and Flexural Yielding of Plate
Check local buckling of plate
This check is analogous to the local buckling check for doubly coped beams as illustrated in AISC Manual Part 9,
where c = 9 in. and ho = 12 in.
ho Fy
   (Manual Eq. 9-18)
2
h 
10tw 475  280  o 
 c 
12.0 in. 36 ksi
 
2
 12.0 in. 
10 2 in. 475  280  
 9.00 in. 
= 0.462
  0.7, therefore, Q = 1.0
QFy = Fy
Therefore, plate buckling is not a controlling limit state.
LRFD ASD
2 2 2 2
 Vu   M u   Va   M a 
     1.0  V /     M /    1.0
 vVn   b M n   n v   n b 
From preceding calculations: From preceding calculations:
Vu = 36.0 kips Va = 24.0 kips

IIA-69
LRFD ASD
vVn = 130 kips Vn
= 86.4 kips
v
Mu = Vue Ma = Vae
= 36.0 kips(9.00 in.) = 24.0 kips(9.00 in.)
= 324 kip-in. = 216 kip-in.
b = 0.90  = 1.67
bMn = bQFyZpl M n QFy Z pl


 2 in. 12.0 in.2  b b
= 0.90 1.0  36 ksi   
 4   2 in. 12.0 in.2 4 
= 1.0  36 ksi   
= 583 kip-in.  1.67 
= 388 kip-in.
2 2 2 2
 36.0 kips   324 kip-in.   24.0 kips   216 kip-in. 
     0.386  1.0 o.k.      0.387  1.0 o.k.
 130 kips   583 kip-in.   86.4 kips   388 kip-in. 
Flexural Rupture of Plate
Z net  12.8 in.3 from AISC Manual Table 15-3
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
M n  Fu Z net M n Fu Z net


 0.75(58 ksi)(12.8 in. ) 3  
 557 kip-in. > 324 kip-in. o.k. 58 ksi(12.8 in.3 )

2.00
 371 kip-in. > 216 kip-in. o.k.
Weld Between Plate and Column Web (AISC Manual Part 10)
w  st p
= s 2 in.
= 0.313 in., therefore, use a c-in. fillet weld on both sides of the plate.
Strength of Column Web at Weld
3.09D
tmin = (Manual Eq. 9-2)
Fu
=
65 ksi
= 0.238 in. < 0.440 in. o.k.

IIA-70
EXAMPLE II.A-20 ALL-BOLTED SINGLE-PLATE SHEAR SPLICE
Given:
Design an all-bolted single-plate shear splice between an ASTM A992 W2455 beam and an ASTM A992
W2468 beam.
RD = 10 kips
RL = 30 kips
Use d-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes with 5 in. between vertical bolt rows and
an ASTM A36 plate.
Solution:
Beam
W2455
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Beam
W2468
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W2455
IIA-71
tw = 0.395 in.
Beam
W2468
tw = 0.415 in.
Bolt Group Design
Note: When the splice is symmetrical, the eccentricity of the shear to the center of gravity of either bolt group is
equal to half the distance between the centroids of the bolt groups. Therefore, each bolt group can be designed for
the shear, Ru or Ra, and one-half the eccentric moment, Rue or Rae.
Using a symmetrical splice, each bolt group will carry one-half the eccentric moment. Thus, the eccentricity on
each bolt group, e/2 = 22 in.
LRFD ASD
= 60.0 kips = 40.0 kips
Bolt Shear
LRFD ASD
rn = 24.3 kips/bolt rn
= 16.2 kips/bolt

Bolt Bearing on a-in. Plate
Note: The available bearing strength based on edge distance will conservatively be used for all of the bolts.
, in.
lc  1.50in. 
2
 1.03 in.
rn = 1.2lctFu ≤ 2.4dtFu (Spec. Eq. J3-6a)

= 1.2(1.03 in.)(a in.)(58 ksi) ≤ 2.4(d in.)(a in.)(58 ksi)
= 26.9 kips/bolt ≤ 45.7 kips/bolt
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
rn = 0.75  26.9 kips  rn 26.9 kips

= 20.2 kips/bolt  2.00
= 13.5 kips/bolt
Note: By inspection, bearing on the webs of the W24 beams will not govern.

IIA-72
Since bearing is more critical,
LRFD ASD
R R
Cmin  u Cmin  a
rn rn / 
60.0 kips 40.0 kips
= =
20.2 kips/bolt 13.5 kips/bolt
= 2.97 = 2.96
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 7-6, with n = 4,  By interpolating AISC Manual Table 7-6, with n = 4, 
= 00 and ex = 22 in.: = 00 and ex = 22 in.:
C = 3.07 > 2.97 o.k. C = 3.07 > 2.96 o.k.
Flexural Yielding of Plate
Try PLa in.  8 in.  1’-0”.
The required flexural strength is:
LRFD ASD
Ru e Ra e
Mu  Ma 
2 2
60.0 kips  5.00 in. 40.0 kips  5.00 in.
= =
2 2
= 150 kip-in. = 100 kip-in.
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Mn = FyZx M n Fy Z x
 
 a in. 12.0 in. 2
  
= 0.90  36 ksi   
36 ksi  a in. 12.0 in. 
2
 4 
=  
= 437 kip-in. > 150 kip-in. o.k. 1.67  4 

= 291 kip-in. > 100 kip-in. o.k.
Flexural Rupture of Plate
Z net = 9.00 in.3 from AISC Manual Table 15-3
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
M n Fu Z net
Mn = FuZnet  
 
= 0.75(58 ksi)(9.00 in3)
= 392 kip-in. > 150 kip-in. o.k.
=

58 ksi 9.00 in.3 
2.00
= 261 kip-in. > 100 kip-in. o.k.

IIA-73
From AISC Specification Equation J4-3:
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  0.60 Fy Agv Rn 0.60 Fy Agv


 1.00(0.60)(36 ksi)(12.0 in.)(a in.)  
 97.2 kips > 60.0 kips 0.60(36 ksi)(12.0 in.)(a in.)
o.k. 
1.50
 64.8 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Anv = a in.[12.0 in. – 4(, in. + z in.)]

= 3.00 in.2
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00



= 0.75  0.60  58 ksi  3.00in.
2
  
= 78.3 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. =


0.60  58 ksi  3.00 in.2 
2.00
= 52.2 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Leh = Lev = 12 in.
LRFD ASD
Rn  U bs Fu Ant  min(0.60 Fy Agv , 0.60 Fu Anv ) Rn U bs Fu Ant  0.60 Fy Agv 0.60 Fu Anv 
  min  , 
     
Ubs = 1.0
Ubs = 1.0
9-3a: 9-3a:
U bs Fu Ant = 1.0(43.5 kips/in.)(a in.) U bs Fu Ant

= 1.0(29.0 kips/in.)(a in.)


IIA-74
LRFD ASD
9-3b: 9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv = 170 kips/in.(a in.) 0.60 Fy Agv

= 113 kips/in.(a in.)

9-3c: 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv = 183 kips/in.(a in.) 0.60 Fu Anv

= 122 kips/in.(a in.)

Rn = (43.5 kips/in. + 170 kips/in.)(a in.)
= 80.1 kips > 60.0 kips o.k. Rn
= (29.0 kips/in.  113 kips/in.)(a in.)

= 53.3 kips > 40.0 kips o.k.
Use PLa in.  8 in.  1 ft 0 in.

IIA-75
EXAMPLE II.A-21 BOLTED/WELDED SINGLE-PLATE SHEAR SPLICE
Given:
Design a single-plate shear splice between an ASTM A992 W1631 beam and an ASTM A992 W1650 beam to
support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 8.0 kips
RL = 24.0 kips
Use ¾-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts through the web of the W1650 and 70-ksi electrode welds
to the web of the W1631. Use an ASTM A36 plate.
Solution:
Beam
W1631
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Beam
W1650
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Beam
W1631
tw = 0.275 in.

IIA-76
Beam
W1650
tw = 0.380 in.
LRFD ASD
= 48.0 kips = 32.0 kips
Weld Design
Since the splice is unsymmetrical and the weld group is more rigid, it will be designed for the full moment from
the eccentric shear.
Assume PLa in.  8 in.  1 ft 0 in. This plate size meets the dimensional and other limitations of a single-plate
connection with a conventional configuration from AISC Manual Part 10.
Use AISC Manual Table 8-8 to determine the weld size.
kl
k
l
32 in.
=
12.0 in.
= 0.292
 kl 2
xl 
2(kl )  l
(32 in) 2
=
2(32 in.)  12.0in.
= 0.645 in.
al = 6.50 in. – 0.645 in.

= 5.86 in.
al
a
l
5.86 in.
=
12.0 in.
= 0.488
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 8-8, with °,
C = 2.15
The required weld size is:
LRFD ASD
Pu Pa 
Dreq  Dreq 
CC1l CC1l

IIA-77
48.0 kips 32.0 kips  2.00 

= =
0.75  2.15 1.0 12.0 in. 2.15 1.0 12.0 in.
= 2.48  3 sixteenths = 2.48  3 sixteenths
The minimum weld size from AISC Specification Table J2.4 is x in.
Use a x-in. fillet weld.
Shear Rupture of W1631 Beam Web at Weld
For fillet welds with FEXX = 70 ksi on one side of the connection, the minimum thickness required to match the
available shear rupture strength of the connection element to the available shear rupture strength of the base metal
is:
3.09 D
Fu
3.09  2.48 sixteenths 
=
65 ksi
= 0.118 < 0.275 in. o.k.
Bolt Group Design
Since the weld group was designed for the full eccentric moment, the bolt group will be designed for shear only.
LRFD ASD
Bolt shear strength from AISC Manual Table 7-1: Bolt shear strength from AISC Manual Table 7-1:
rn = 17.9 kips/bolt rn

= 11.9 kips/bolt

For bearing on the a-in.-thick single plate, For bearing on the a-in.-thick single plate,
conservatively use the design values provided for Le = conservatively use the design values provided for Le =
14 in. 14 in.
Note: By inspection, bearing on the web of the Note: By inspection, bearing on the web of the
W1650 beam will not govern. W1650 beam will not govern.
rn  44.0 kips/in./bolt  a in. rn

 29.4 kips/in./bolt  a in.
= 16.5 kips/bolt 
= 11.0 kips/bolt
Since bolt bearing is more critical than bolt shear,
Since bolt bearing is more critical than bolt shear,
Ru
nmin  Ru
rn nmin 
48.0 kips rn / 
= 32.0 kips
16.5 kips/bolt =
= 2.91 bolts < 4 bolts o.k. 11.0 kips/bolt
= 2.91 bolts < 4 bolts o.k.

IIA-78
Flexural Yielding of Plate
As before, try a PLa in.  8 in.  1 ft 0 in.
The required flexural strength is:
LRFD ASD
Mu = Rue Ma = Rae
= 48.0 kips(5.86 in.) = 32.0 kips(5.86 in.)
= 281 kip-in. = 188 kip-in.
 = 0.90  = 1.67

 a in. 12.0 in. 2   
= 0.9  36 ksi   
36 ksi  a in. 12.0 in. 
2
 4 
=  
= 437 kip-in. > 281 kip-in. 1.67  4 
o.k. 
= 291 kip-in. > 188 kip-in. o.k.
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn  0.60 Fy Agv Rn 0.60 Fy Agv


 1.00(0.60)(36 ksi)(12.0 in.)(a in.)  
 97.2 kips > 48.0 kips o.k. 0.60  36 ksi 12.0 in. a in.
=
1.50
= 64.8 kips > 32.0 kips o.k.
Anv  a in. 12.0 in.  4 m in.  z in. 

= 3.19 in.2
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00



= 0.75  0.60  58 ksi  3.19in. 2
  
= 83.3 kips > 48.0 kip o.k. =


0.60  58 ksi  3.19 in.2 
2.00
= 55.5 kips > 32.0 kips o.k.

IIA-79
Leh = Lev = 12 in.
LRFD ASD
  min  , 
     
Ubs = 1.0
Ubs = 1.0
9-3a: 9-3a:
U bs Fu Ant
U bs Fu Ant = 1.0(46.2 kips/in.)(a in.) = 1.0(30.8 kips/in.)(a in.)

9-3b: 9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv
0.60 Fy Agv = 170 kips/in.(a in.) = 113 kips/in.(a in.)

9-3c: 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv
0.60 Fu Anv = 194 kips/in.(a in.) = 129 kips/in.(a in.)

Rn
Rn = (46.2 kips/in. + 170 kips/in.)(a in.) = (30.8 kips/in. + 113 kips/in.)(a in.)

Use PLa in.  8 in.  1 ft 0 in.

IIA-80
EXAMPLE II.A-22 BOLTED BRACKET PLATE DESIGN
Given:
Design a bracket plate to support the following loads:
PD = 6 kips
PL = 18 kips
Use w-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes and an ASTM A36 plate. Assume the
column has sufficient available strength for the connection.

IIA-81
Solution:
For discussion of the design of a bracket plate, see AISC Manual Part 15.
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
LRFD ASD
= 36.0 kips = 24.0 kips
Bolt Design
LRFD ASD
Bolt shear from AISC Manual Table 7-1: Bolt shear from AISC Manual Table 7-1:

= 11.9 kips

For bearing on the bracket plate: For bearing on the bracket plate:
Try PLa in. 20 in., Le  2 in. Try PLa in. 20 in., Le  2 in.
rn = 78.3 kips/bolt/in.(a in.) rn /= 52.2 kips/bolt/in.(a in.)

Bolt shear controls. Bolt shear controls.
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 7-8 with  = 00, a By interpolating AISC Manual Table 7-8 with  = 00, a
52 in. gage with s = 3 in., ex = 12.0 in., n = 6 and C = 52 in. gage with s = 3 in., ex = 12.0 in., n = 6, and C =
4.53: 4.53:
Ru Ra
Cmin  Cmin 
rn rn
36.0 kips 24.0 kips
= =
= 2.01 = 2.02
C = 4.53 > 2.01 o.k. C = 4.53 > 2.02 o.k.
Flexural Yielding of Bracket Plate on Line K
The required strength is:

IIA-82
LRFD ASD
M u  Pu e (Manual Eq. 15-1a) M a  Pa e (Manual Eq. 15-1b)
= (36.0 kips)(12.0 in. – 2w in.) = (24.0 kips)(12.0 in. – 2w in.)
= 333 kip-in. = 222 kip-in.
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90   1.67
M n Fy Z
M n  Fy Z 
 
 a in.  20.0 in.2   a in.  20.0 in.2 
= 0.90  36 ksi    36 ksi  
 4   4 
  =  
= 1,220 kip-in. > 333 kip-in. o.k. 1.67
= 808 kip-in. > 222 kip-in. o.k.
Flexural Rupture of Bracket Plate on Line K
From Table 15-3, for a a-in.-thick bracket plate, with w-in. bolts and six bolts in a row, Znet = 21.5 in.3.
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75   2.00
M n Fu Z net
M n  Fu Z net 
 
= 0.75(58 ksi)(21.5 in.3 )
=

58 ksi 21.5 in.3 
= 935 kip-in. > 333 kip-in. o.k. 2.00
= 624 kip-in. > 222 kip-in. o.k.
Shear Yielding of Bracket Plate on Line J
b
tan θ =
a
154 in.
=
20.0 in.
θ = 37.3°
b = a sin θ
= 20.0 in. (sin 37.3°)
= 12.1 in.
LRFD ASD
Vr = Vu = Pu sin θ (Manual Eq. 15-6a) Vr = Va = Pa sin θ (Manual Eq. 15-6b)
= 36.0 kips(sin 37.3°) = 24.0 kips(sin 37.3°)
= 21.8 kips = 14.5 kips
Vn = 0.6Fytb (Manual Eq. 15-7) Vn = 0.6Fytb (Manual Eq. 15-7)

= 0.6(36 ksi)(a in.)(12.1 in.) = 0.6(36 ksi)(a in.)(12.1 in.)
= 98.0 kips = 98.0 kips

IIA-83
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Vn = 1.00(98.0 kips) Vn 98.0 kips
= 98.0 kips > 21.8 kips o.k. 
 1.50
= 65.3 kips > 14.5 kips o.k.
Local Yielding and Local Buckling of Bracket Plate on Line J
For local yielding:
Fcr = Fy (Manual Eq. 15-13)

= 36 ksi
For local buckling:
Fcr = QFy (Manual Eq. 15-14)
where
a
a' = (Manual Eq. 15-18)
cos 
20.0 in.
=
cos 37.3
= 25.1 in.
 b'
  Fy
  t  (Manual Eq. 15-17)
2
 b' 
5 475  1,120  
 a'
 12.1 in. 
  36 ksi
=  a in. 
2
 12.1 in. 
5 475  1,120  
 25.1 in. 
= 1.43
Because 1.41< 
1.30
Q (Manual Eq. 15-16)
2
1.30

(1.43)2
 0.636

= 0.636(36 ksi)
= 22.9 ksi
Local buckling controls over local yielding.
Interaction of Normal and Flexural Strengths

Check that Manual Equation 15-10 is satisfied:

IIA-84
LRFD ASD
Nr = Nu = Pu cos θ (Manual Eq. 15-9a) Nr = Na = Pa cos θ (Manual Eq. 15-9b)
= 36.0 kips(cos 37.3°) = 24.0 kips(cos 37.3°)
= 28.6 kips = 19.1 kips
Nn = Fcrtb (Manual Eq. 15-11) Nn = Fcrtb (Manual Eq. 15-11)

= 22.9 ksi(a in.)(12.1 in.) = 22.9 ksi(a in.)(12.1 in.)
= 104 kips = 104 kips
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Nc = Nn = 0.90(104 kips) N n 104 kips
= 93.6 kips Nc = 
 1.67
= 62.3 kips
Mr = Mu = Pue – Nu(b/2) (Manual Eq. 15-8a) Mr = Ma = Pae – Na(b/2) (Manual Eq. 15-8b)
= 36.0 kips(94 in.) – 28.6 kips(12.1 in./2) = 24.0 kips(94 in.) – 19.1 kips(12.1 in./2)
= 160 kip-in. = 106 kip-in.
Fcr t  b '  Fcr t  b ' 

2 2
Mn = (Manual Eq. 15-12) Mn = (Manual Eq. 15-12)
4 4
22.9 ksi  a in.12.1 in. 22.9 ksi  a in.12.1 in.
2 2
= =
4 4
= 314 kip-in. = 314 kip-in.
Mc = Mn = 0.90(314 kip-in.) M n 314 kip-in.

= 283 kip-in. Mc = 
 1.67
= 188 kip-in.
Nr M r Nr M r
  1.0 (Manual Eq. 15-10)   1.0 (Manual Eq. 15-10)
Nc M c Nc M c
28.6 kips 160 kip-in. 19.1 kips 106 kip-in.
=   1.0 =   1.0
= 0.871 ≤ 1.0 o.k. = 0.870 ≤ 1.0 o.k.
Shear Yielding of Bracket Plate on Line K (using AISC Specification Equation J4-3)

= 0.6(36 ksi)(20.0 in.)(a in.)
= 162 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn = 1.00(162 kips) Rn 162 kips
= 162 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. 
 1.50
= 108 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Shear Rupture of Bracket Plate on Line K (using AISC Specification Equation J4-4)
Anv   20.0 in.  6 m in.  z in.   a in.

= 5.53 in.2
IIA-85
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
 

= 0.75  0.60  58 ksi  5.53in.2   
= 144 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.  


0.60  58 ksi  5.53 in.2 
2.00
= 96.2 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.

IIA-86
EXAMPLE II.A-23 WELDED BRACKET PLATE DESIGN
Given:
Design a welded bracket plate, using 70-ksi electrodes, to support the following loads:
PD = 9 kips
PL = 27 kips
Assume the column has sufficient available strength for the connection. Use an ASTM A36 plate.
Solution:
Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-87
LRFD ASD
= 54.0 kips = 36.0 kips
Try PL2 in.  18 in.
Try a C-shaped weld with kl = 3 in. and l = 18 in.
kl
k
l
3.00 in.
=
18.0 in.
= 0.167
(kl ) 2
xl 
2(kl )  l
 3.00 in.2

2  3.00 in.  18.00 in.
 0.375 in.
al = 11.0 in.  0.375 in.

= 10.6 in.
al
al 
l
10.6 in.

18.0 in.
 0.589
Interpolate AISC Manual Table 8-8 using  = 00, k = 0.167, and a = 0.589.
C = 1.49
C1 = 1.0 for E70 electrode
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Pu Pa
Dmin  Dmin 
CC1l CC1l
54.0 kips 2.00(36.0 kips)
 
0.75(1.49)(1.0)(18.0 in.) 1.49(1.0)(18.0 in.)
 2.68  3 sixteenths  2.68  3 sixteenths
From AISC Specification Section J2.2(b):

IIA-88
wmax = ½ in. – z in.

= v in. ≥ x in. o.k.
From AISC Specification Table J2.4:
wmin = x in.
Use a x-in. fillet weld.
Flexural Yielding of Bracket Plate
Conservatively taking the required moment strength of the plate as equal to the moment strength of the weld
group,
LRFD ASD
Mu = Pu(al) Ma = Pa(al)
= 54.0 kips(10.6 in.) = 36.0 kips(10.6 in.)
= 572 kip-in. = 382 kip-in.
Mn = FyZ (Manual Eq. 15-2)

2 in. 18.0 in.
2
=  36 ksi 
4
= 1,460 kip-in.
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90   1.67
M n  0.90(1, 460 kip-in.) M n 1, 460 kip-in.

= 1,310 kip-in.  1.67
= 874 kip-in.
1,310 kip-in. > 572 kip-in. o.k.
874 kip-in. > 382 kip-in. o.k.
Shear Yielding of Bracket Plate on Line J
b
tan θ =
a
11w in.
=
18.0 in.
θ = 33.1°
b = a sin θ
= 18.0 in. (sin 33.1°)
= 9.83 in.
LRFD ASD
Vr = Vu = Pu sin θ (Manual Eq. 15-6a) Vr = Va = Pa sin θ (Manual Eq. 15-6b)
= 54.0 kips(sin 33.1°) = 36.0 kips(sin 33.1°)
= 29.5 kips = 19.7 kips
Vn = 0.6Fytb (Manual Eq. 15-7) Vn = 0.6Fytb (Manual Eq. 15-7)

= 0.6(36 ksi)(2 in.)(9.83 in.) = 0.6(36 ksi)(2 in.)(9.83 in.)
= 106 kips = 106 kips

IIA-89
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Vn = 1.00(106 kips) Vn 106 kips
= 106 kips > 29.5 kips o.k. 
 1.50
= 70.7 kips > 19.7 kips o.k.
Local Yielding and Local Buckling of Bracket Plate on Line J
For local yielding:
Fcr = Fy (Manual Eq. 15-13)

= 36 ksi
For local buckling:
where
a
a' = (Manual Eq. 15-18)
cos 
18.0 in.
=
cos 33.1
= 21.5 in.
 b'
  Fy
  t  (Manual Eq. 15-17)
2
 b' 
5 475  1,120  
 a'
 9.83 in. 
  36 ksi
=  2 in. 
2
 9.83 in. 
5 475  1,120  
 21.5 in. 
= 0.886
Because 0.70    1.41,
Q = 1.34  0.486 (Manual Eq. 15-15)

= 1.34 – 0.486(0.886)
= 0.909

= 0.909(36 ksi)
= 32.7 ksi
Local buckling controls over local yielding. Therefore, the required and available normal and flexural strengths
are determined as follows:

IIA-90
LRFD ASD
Nr = Nu = Pu cos θ (Manual Eq. 15-9a) Nr = Na = Pa cos θ (Manual Eq. 15-9b)
= 54.0 kips(cos 33.1°) = 36.0 kips(cos 33.1°)
= 45.2 kips = 30.2 kips
Nn = Fcrtb (Manual Eq. 15-11) Nn = Fcrtb (Manual Eq. 15-11)

= 32.7 ksi(2 in.)(9.83 in.) = 32.7 ksi(2 in.)(9.83 in.)
= 161 kips = 161 kips
 = 0.90  = 1.67
Nc = Nn = 0.90(161 kips) N n 161 kips
= 145 kips Nc = 
 1.67
= 96.4 kips
Mr = Mu = Pue – Nu(b/2) (Manual Eq. 15-8a) Mr = Ma = Pae – Na(b/2) (Manual Eq. 15-8b)
= 54.0 kips(8.00 in.) – 45.2 kips(9.83 in./2) = 36.0 kips(8.00 in.) – 30.1 kips(9.83 in./2)
= 210 kip-in. = 140 kip-in.
Fcr t  b ' Fcr t  b '

2 2
Mn = (Manual Eq. 15-12) Mn = (Manual Eq. 15-12)
4 4
32.7 ksi 2 in. 9.83 in. 32.7 ksi 2 in. 9.83 in.
2 2
= =
4 4
= 395 kip-in. = 395 kip-in.
Mc = Mn = 0.90(395 kip-in.) M n 395 kip-in.

= 356 kip-in. Mc = 
 1.67
= 237 kip-in.
Nr M r Nr M r
  1.0 (Manual Eq. 15-10)   1.0 (Manual Eq. 15-10)
Nc M c Nc M c
=   1.0 =   1.0
145 kips 356 kip-in. 96.4 kips 237 kip-in.
= 0.902 ≤ 1.0 o.k. = 0.902 ≤ 1.0 o.k.
Shear Yielding of Bracket Plate on Line K

= 0.60(36 ksi)(18.0 in.)(2 in.)
= 194 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00   1.50
Rn  1.00(194 kips) Rn 194 kips

= 194 kips > 54.0 kips o.k.  1.50
= 129 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.

IIA-91
EXAMPLE II.A-24 ECCENTRICALLY LOADED BOLT GROUP (IC METHOD)
Given:
Determine the largest eccentric force, acting vertically and at a 15° angle, which can be supported by the available
shear strength of the bolts using the instantaneous center of rotation method. Use d-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N
or F1852-N bolts in standard holes. Assume that bolt shear controls over bearing. Use AISC Manual Table 7-8.
Solution A (  0°):
Assume the load is vertical ( = 00) as shown:
From AISC Manual Table 7-8, with  = 00, s = 3.00 in., ex = 16.0 in. and n = 6:
C  3.55
LRFD ASD
rn = 24.3 kips rn
= 16.2 kips
 

Rn = Crn Rn r
= 3.55(24.3 kips) C n
 
= 86.3 kips = 3.55(16.2 kips)
= 57.5 kips
Thus, Pu must be less than or equal to 86.3 kips. Thus, Pa must be less than or equal to 57.5 kips.
Note: The eccentricity of the load significantly reduces the shear strength of the bolt group.

IIA-92
Solution B (  15°):
Assume the load acts at an angle of 150 with respect to vertical ( = 150) as shown:
ex = 16.0 in. + 9.00 in.(tan 15)

= 18.4 in.
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 7-8, with  = 150, s = 3.00 in., ex = 18.4 in., and n = 6:
C  3.21
LRFD ASD
Rn = Crn Rn r
= 3.21(24.3 kips) C n
 
= 78.0 kips = 3.21(16.2 kips)
= 52.0 kips
Thus, Pu must be less than or equal to 78.0 kips. Thus, Pa must be less than or equal to 52.0 kips.

IIA-93
EXAMPLE II.A-25 ECCENTRICALLY LOADED BOLT GROUP (ELASTIC METHOD)
Given:
Determine the largest eccentric force that can be supported by the available shear strength of the bolts using the
elastic method for  = 0. Compare the result with that of the previous example. Use d-in.-diameter ASTM A325-
N or F1852-N bolts in standard holes. Assume that bolt shear controls over bearing.
Solution:
LRFD ASD
Direct shear force per bolt: Direct shear force per bolt:
rpxu  0 rpxa  0
Pu Pa
rpyu  (Manual Eq. 7-2a) rpya  (Manual Eq. 7-2b)
n n
Pu Pa
= =
12 12
Additional shear force due to eccentricity: Additional shear force due to eccentricity:
Polar moment of inertia: Polar moment of inertia:
I x  y 2 I x  y 2
= 4(7.50 in.) 2 + 4(4.50 in.) 2 + 4(1.50 in.) 2 = 4(7.50 in.) 2 + 4(4.50 in.) 2 + 4(1.50 in.) 2
in.4 in.4
= 315 = 315
in.2 in.2
I y  x 2 I y  x 2
= 12(2.75 in.) 2 = 12(2.75 in.) 2
in.4 in.4
= 90.8 = 90.8
in.2 in.2

IIA-94
LRFD ASD
I p  Ιx  I y I p  Ιx  I y
in.4 in.4 in.4 in.4
= 315  90.8 = 315  90.8
in.2 in.2 in.2 in.2
in.4 in.4
= 406 = 406
in.2 in.2
Pu ec y Pa ec y
rmxu  (Manual Eq. 7-6a) rmxa  (Manual Eq. 7-6b)
Ip Ip
Pu (16.0 in.)(7.50 in.) Pa (16.0 in.)(7.50 in.)
= 4 2
=
406 in. /in. 406 in.4 /in.2
= 0.296Pu = 0.296Pa
Pu ecx Pa ecx
rmyu  (Manual Eq. 7-7a) rmya  (Manual Eq. 7-7b)
Ip Ip
Pu (16.0 in.)(2.75 in.) Pa (16.0 in.)(2.75 in.)
= =
406 in.4 /in.2 406 in.4 /in.2
= 0.108Pu = 0.108Pa
Resultant shear force: Resultant shear force:
ru   rpxu  rmxu 2   rpyu  rmyu 2 (Manual Eq. 7-8a) ra   rpxa  rmxa 2   rpya  rmya 2 (Manual Eq. 7-8b)
2 2
 0  0.296 Pu 2   
 0  0.296 Pa 2   
Pu Pa
  0.108 Pu    0.108Pa 
 12   12 
 0.353Pu  0.353Pa
Since ru must be less than or equal to the available Since ra must be less than or equal to the available
strength, strength,
rn rn / 
Pu  Pa 
0.353 0.353
24.3 kips 16.2 kips
= =
0.353 0.353
= 68.8 kips = 45.9 kips
Note: The elastic method, shown here, is more conservative than the instantaneous center of rotation method,
shown in Example II.A-24.

IIA-95
EXAMPLE II.A-26 ECCENTRICALLY LOADED WELD GROUP (IC METHOD)
Given:
Determine the largest eccentric force, acting vertically and at a 75° angle, that can be supported by the available
shear strength of the weld group, using the instantaneous center of rotation method. Use a a-in. fillet weld and
70-ksi electrodes. Use AISC Manual Table 8-8.
Solution A ( = 0°):
Assume that the load is vertical ( = 0°) as shown:
l = 10.0 in.
kl = 5.00 in.
kl
k
l
5.00 in.
=
10.0 in.
= 0.500
(kl ) 2
xl 
2(kl )  l
(5.00 in.) 2

2(5.00 in.)  10.0 in.
= 1.25 in.
xl  al  10.0 in.
1.25 in.  a (10.0 in.)  10.0 in.
a  0.875
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 8-8, with  = 0, a = 0.875 and k = 0.500:
C  1.88

IIA-96
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn  CC1 Dl Rn CC1 Dl


 0.75(1.88)(1.0)(6 sixteenths)(10.0 in.)  
 84.6 kips 1.88(1.0)(6 sixteenths)(10.0 in.)

2.00
 56.4 kips
Thus, Pu must be less than or equal to 84.6 kips. Thus, Pa must be less than or equal to 56.4 kips.
Note: The eccentricity of the load significantly reduces the shear strength of this weld group as compared to the
concentrically loaded case.
Solution B ( = 75°):
Assume that the load acts at an angle of 75° with respect to vertical ( = 75°) as shown:
As determined in Solution A,
k = 0.500 and xl = 1.25 in.
ex = al
7.00 in.
=
sin15
= 27.0 in.
ex
a
l
27.0 in.
=
10.0 in.
= 2.70

IIA-97
By interpolating AISC Manual Table 8-8, with  = 75o, a = 2.70 and k = 0.500:
C  1.99
LRFD ASD
Rn  CC1 Dl Rn CC1 Dl

= 0.75(1.99)(1.0)(6 sixteenths)(10.0 in.)  
= 89.6 kips 1.99(1.0)(6 sixteenths)(10.0 in.)
=
2.00
= 59.7 kips
Thus, Pu must be less than or equal to 89.6 kips. Thus, Pa must be less than or equal to 59.7 kips.

IIA-98
EXAMPLE II.A-27 ECCENTRICALLY LOADED WELD GROUP (ELASTIC METHOD)
Given:
Determine the largest eccentric force that can be supported by the available shear strength of the welds in the
connection, using the elastic method. Compare the result with that of the previous example. Use a-in. fillet welds
and 70-ksi electrodes.
Solution:
Direct Shear Force per Inch of Weld
LRFD ASD
rpux  0 rpax  0
Pu Pa
rpuy  (Manual Eq. 8-5a) rpay  (Manual Eq. 8-5b)
l l
Pu Pa
 
20.0 in. 20.0 in.
Pu Pa
= 0.0500  0.0500
in. in.
Additional Shear Force due to Eccentricity
Determine the polar moment of inertia referring to the AISC Manual Figure 8-6:
l3
Ix   2(kl )( y 2 )
12
(10.0in.)3
=  2(5.00 in.)(5.00in.) 2
12
= 333 in.4/in.
2  kl 
3 2
 kl 
 2  kl    xl   l  xl 
2
Iy 
12  2 
2  5.00in.
3
 2  5.00in. 2.50in.  14 in.  10.0in.14 in.
2 2
=
12
= 52.1 in.4/in.

IIA-99
I p  Ix  I y
= 333 in.4/in. + 52.1 in.4/in.
= 385 in.4/in.
LRFD ASD
Pu ec y Pa ec y
rmux  (Manual Eq. 8-9a) rmax  (Manual Eq. 8-9b)
Ip Ip
Pu (8.75 in.)(5.00 in.) Pa (8.75 in.)(5.00 in.)
 
385 in. /in.4
385 in.4 /in.
0.114 Pu 0.114 Pa
 
in. in.
Pu ecx Pa ecx
rmuy  (Manual Eq. 8-10a) rmay  (Manual Eq. 8-10b)
Ip Ip
Pu (8.75 in.)  3.75 in. Pa (8.75 in.)  3.75 in.
 
4
385 in. /in. 385 in.4 /in.
0.0852 Pu 0.0852 Pa
 
in. in.
Resultant shear force: Resultant shear force:
ru   rpux  rmux 2   rpuy  rmuy 2 (Manual Eq. 8-11a) ra   rpax  rmax 2   rpay  rmay 2 (Manual Eq. 8-11b)
2 2 2 2
 0.114 Pu   0.0500 Pu 0.0852 Pu   0.114 Pa   0.0500 Pa 0.0852 Pa 
 0       0     
 in.   in. in.   in.   in. in. 
0.177 Pu 0.177 Pa
 
in. in.
Since ru must be less than or equal to the available Since ra must be less than or equal to the available
strength, from AISC Manual Equation 8-2a, strength, from AISC Manual Equation 8-2b,
ru  0.177 Pu  rn ra  0.177 Pa  rn 

rn rn 
Pu  Pa 
0.177 0.177
 6 sixteenths  
in. 
 6 sixteenths  
1.392 kips/in. 0.928 kip/in. in. 
   
sixteenth  0.177  sixteeth  0.177 
 47.2 kips  31.5 kips
Note: The strength of the weld group predicted by the elastic method, as shown here, is significantly less than that
predicted by the instantaneous center of rotation method in Example II.A-26.

IIA-100
EXAMPLE II.A-28 ALL-BOLTED SINGLE-ANGLE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-GIRDER WEB)
Given:
Design an all-bolted single-angle connection (Case I in Table 10-11) between an ASTM A992 W1835 beam and
an ASTM A992 W2162 girder web, to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 6.5 kips
RL = 20 kips
The top flange is coped 2 in. deep by 4 in. long, Lev = 1½ in. and Leh = 1½ in. (assumed to be 1¼ in. for calculation
purposes to account for possible underrun in beam length). Use ¾-in.-diameter A325-N or F1852-N bolts in
standard holes and an ASTM A36 angle.
Solution:
Beam
W1835
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Girder
W2162
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angle
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-101
From AISC Manual Table 1-1 and Figure 9-2, the geometric properties are as follows:
Beam
W1835
tw = 0.300 in.
d = 17.7 in.
tf = 0.425 in.
c = 4.00 in.
dc = 2.00 in.
e = 5.25 in.
h0 = 15.7 in.
Girder
W2162
tw = 0.400 in.
LRFD ASD
= 39.8 kips = 26.5 kips
Bolt Design
Check eccentricity of connection.
For the 4-in. angle leg attached to the supported beam (W18x35):
e = 2.75  3.00 in., therefore, eccentricity does not need to be considered for this leg.
For the 3-in. angle leg attached to the supporting girder (W21x62):
0.300in.
e  1.75 in. 
2
= 1.90 in. ≤ 2.50 in., therefore, AISC Manual Table 10-11 may conservatively be used for bolt shear.
From AISC Manual Table 7-1, the single bolt shear strength is:
LRFD ASD
 11.9 kips

From AISC Manual Table 7-5, the single bolt bearing strength on a a-in.-thick angle is:
LRFD ASD
rn  44.0 kips/in.(a in.) rn
 29.4 kips/in.(a in.)
= 16.5 kips 
= 11.0 kips
Bolt bearing is more critical than bolt shear in this Bolt bearing is more critical than bolt shear in this
example; thus, rn = 16.5 kips. example; thus, rn / = 11.0 kips.
Ru Ra
Cmin  Cmin 
rn rn / 
IIA-102
LRFD ASD
39.8 kips 26.5 kips
= =
= 2.41 = 2.41
Try a four-bolt connection. Try a four-bolt connection.
C = 3.07 > 2.41 o.k. C = 3.07 > 2.41 o.k.
The 3-in. leg will be shop bolted to the girder web and the 4-in. leg will be field bolted to the beam web.
Shear Yielding of Angle

= 0.60(36 ksi)(112 in.)(a in.)
= 93.2 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50

Rn = 1.00(93.2 kips) Rn 93.2 kips

= 93.2 kips > 39.8 kips o.k.  1.50
 62.1 kips > 26.5 o.k.
Shear Rupture of Angle
Anv = a in.[112 in.  4(m in. + z in.)]

= 3.00 in.2

= 0.60(58 ksi)(3.00 in.2)
= 104 kips
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn = 0.75(104 kisp) Rn 104 kips

= 78.0 kips > 39.8 kips o.k. 
 2.00
= 52.0 kips > 26.5 kips o.k.
Block Shear Rupture of Angle
n=4
Lev = Leh = 14 in.

IIA-103
LRFD ASD
  min  , 
     
Ubs = 1.0
Ubs = 1.0
9-3a: 9-3a:
U bs Fu Ant
U bs Fu Ant = 1.0(35.3 kips/in.)(a in.) = 1.0(23.6 kips/in.)(a in.)

Shear yielding component from AISC Manual Table
Shear yielding component from AISC Manual Table 9-3b:
9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv
0.60 Fy Agv = 166 kips/in.(a in.) = 111 kips/in.(a in.)

9-3c: 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv
0.60 Fu Anv = 188 kips/in.(a in.) = 125 kips/in.(a in.)

Rn = (35.3 kips/in. + 166 kips/in.)(a in.) Rn

= 75.5 kips > 39.8 kips o.k. = (23.6 kips/in. + 111 kips/in.)(a in.)

= 50.5 kips > 26.5 kips o.k.
Flexural Yielding of Support-Leg of Angle
The required strength is:
LRFD ASD
Mu = Rue Ma = Rae
 0.300 in.   0.300 in. 
= 39.8 kips 1 w in.   = 26.5 kips 1 w in.  
 2   2 
= 75.6 kip-in. = 50.4 kip-in.
 = 0.90   1.67
M n  Fy Z x M n Fy Z x
 
 a in. 112 in.2   
= 0.90  36 ksi   
36 ksi  a in. 112 in. 
2
 4  =  
1.67  4 
= 402 kip-in. > 75.6 kip-in. o.k. 
= 267 kip-in. > 50.4 kip-in. o.k.

IIA-104
Flexural Rupture of Support-Leg of Angle
 112 in.2 
Z net  a in.   2  0.875 in. 4.50 in.  2  0.875 in.1.50 in. 
 4 
3
= 8.46 in.
LRFD ASD
b = 0.75 b = 2.00

bM n= bFuZnet M n Fu Z net

= 0.75(58 ksi)(8.46 in.3) b b
= 368 kip-in. > 75.6 kip-in.
 
o.k.
58 ksi 8.46 in.3
=
2.00
= 245 kip-in. > 50.4 kip-in. o.k.
n=4
Lev = Leh = 12 in.
(Leh assumed to be 14 in. for calculation purposes to provide for possible underrun in beam length.)
LRFD ASD
Rn = 257 kips/in.(0.300 in.) Rn
= 77.1 kips > 39.8 kips o.k. = 171 kips/in.(0.300 in.)

= 51.3 kips > 26.5 kips o.k.
Note: For coped beam sections, the limit states of flexural yielding and local buckling should be checked
independently per AISC Manual Part 9. The supported beam web should also be checked for shear yielding and
shear rupture per AISC Specification Section J4.2. However, for the shallow cope in this example, these limit
states do not govern. For an illustration of these checks, see Example II.A-4.

IIA-105
EXAMPLE II.A-29 BOLTED/WELDED SINGLE-ANGLE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN

FLANGE)
Given:
Design a single-angle connection between an ASTM A992 W1650 beam and an ASTM A992 W1490 column
flange to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 9.0 kips
RL = 27 kips
Use ¾-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N or F1852-N bolts to connect the supported beam to an ASTM A36 single
angle. Use 70-ksi electrode welds to connect the single angle to the column flange.
Solution:
Beam
W1650
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Angle
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

IIA-106
Beam
W1650
tw = 0.380 in.
d = 16.3in.
tf = 0.630 in.
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710
LRFD ASD
= 54.0 kips = 36.0 kips
Single Angle, Bolts and Welds
Check eccentricity of the connection.
For the 4-in. angle leg attached to the supported beam:
e = 2.75 in.  3.00 in., therefore, eccentricity does not need to be considered for this leg.
For the 3-in. angle leg attached to the supporting column flange:
Since the half-web dimension of the W16x50 supported beam is less than 4 in., AISC Manual Table 10-12 may
conservatively be used.
Try a four-bolt single-angle (L43a).
LRFD ASD
Bolt and angle available strength: Bolt and angle available strength:

= 47.6 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.

Weld available strength:
Weld available strength:
With a x-in fillet weld size:
With a x-in. fillet weld size:

= 37.8 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.

Support Thickness
The minimum support thickness for the x-in. fillet welds is:
3.09 D
Fu

IIA-107
3.09(3 sixteenths)
=
65 ksi
= 0.143 in. < 0.710 in. o.k.
Note: The minimum thickness values listed in Table 10-12 are for conditions with angles on both sides of the
web.
Use a four-bolt single-angle L43a. The 3-in. leg will be shop welded to the column flange and the 4-in. leg will
be field bolted to the beam web.
Supported Beam Web
From AISC Manual Table 7-4, with s = 3.00 in., w-in.-diameter bolts and standard holes, the bearing strength of
the beam web is:
LRFD ASD
Rn  rn tw n Rn rn tw n

= 87.8 kips/in.(0.380 in.)(4 bolts)  
= 133 kips > 54.0 kips o.k. = 58.5 kips/in.(0.380 in.)(4 bolts)
= 88.9 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.

IIA-108
EXAMPLE II.A-30 ALL-BOLTED TEE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN FLANGE)
Given:
Design an all-bolted tee connection between an ASTM A992 W1650 beam and an ASTM A992 W1490
column flange to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 9.0 kips
RL = 27 kips
Use ¾-in.-diameter ASTM A325 bolts in standard holes. Try an ASTM A992 WT522.5 with a four-bolt
connection.
Solution:
Beam
W1650
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Tee
WT522.5
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-109
Beam
W1650
tw = 0.380 in.
d = 16.3 in.
tf = 0.630 in.
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
Tee
WT522.5
d = 5.05 in.
bf = 8.02 in.
tf = 0.620 in.
ts = 0.350 in.
k1 = m in. (see W1045 AISC Manual Table 1-1)
kdes = 1.12 in.
LRFD ASD
= 54.0 kips = 36.0 kips
Limitation on Tee Stem Thickness
See rotational ductility discussion at the beginning of the AISC Manual Part 9.
d
ts max =  z in. (Manual Eq. 9-38)
2
w in.
=  z in.
2
= 0.438 in. > 0.350 in. o.k.
Limitation on Bolt Diameter for Bolts through Tee Flange
Note: The bolts are not located symmetrically with respect to the centerline of the tee.
b = flexible width in connection element

t t
= 2.75 in. – s  w  k1
2 2
0.350 in. 0.380 in.
= 2.75 in. –   m in.
2 2
= 1.57 in.
Fy  b2 
d min  0.163t f  2  2   0.69 ts (Manual Eq. 9-37)
b L 
50 ksi  1.57 in. 

2
= 0.163(0.620 in.)   2   0.69 0.350 in.
1.57 in.  112 in. 2 
 
= 0.810 in.  0.408 in.

IIA-110
Use dmin = 0.408 in.
d = w in. > dmin = 0.408 in. o.k.
Since the connection is rigid at the support, the bolts through the tee stem must be designed for shear, but do not
need to be designed for an eccentric moment.
Shear and Bearing for Bolts through Beam Web
LRFD ASD
Since bolt shear is more critical than bolt bearing in Since bolt shear is more critical than bolt bearing in this
this example, rn = 17.9 kips from AISC Manual Table example, rn / = 11.9 kips from AISC Manual Table
7-1. 7-1.
Thus, Thus,
Rn = nrn Rn nrn

= 4 bolts(17.9 kips)  
 
= 71.6 kips > 54.0 kips o.k.  = 4 bolts(11.9 kips)
= 47.6 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.
Flexural Yielding of Stem
The flexural yielding strength is checked at the junction of the stem and the fillet.
LRFD ASD
Mu = Pue Ma = Pae
= (54.0 kips)(3.80 in. – 1.12 in.) = 36.0 kips(3.80 in. – 1.12 in.)
= 145 kip-in. = 96.5 kip-in.
 = 0.90  = 1.67
 
 M u Fy Z x

n = FyZx  
 0.350 in. 112 in.2 
 0.350 in. 112 in.2  50 ksi  
 0.90  50 ksi    

4 

 4  
  1.67
 521 kip-in. > 145 kip-in. o.k.  346 kip-in. > 96.5 kip-in. o.k.
Shear Yielding of Stem
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn = 0.60 Fy Agv Rn 0.60 Fy Agv


= 1.00 0.60  50 ksi 112 in.)(0.350 in.   
0.60(50 ksi)(112 in.)(0.350 in.)
= 121 kips > 54.0 kips o.k. =
1.50
= 80.5 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.

IIA-111
Shear Rupture of Stem
Anv  112 in.  4 m in.  z in.  0.350in.

= 2.80 in.2
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn = 0.60 Fu Anv Rn 0.60 Fu Anv


2
= 0.75(0.60)(65 ksi)(2.80 in. )  
= 81.9 kips > 54.0 kips o.k. 0.60(65 ksi)(2.80 in.2 )
=
2.00
= 54.6 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.
Block Shear Rupture of Stem
Leh = Lev = 14 in.
LRFD ASD
  min  , 
     
Ubs = 1.0
Ubs = 1.0
9-3a: 9-3a:
U bs Fu Ant = 39.6 kips/in. (0.350 in.) U bs Fu Ant

= 26.4 kips/in. (0.350 in.)

9-3b: 9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv = 231 kips/in. (0.350 in.) 0.60 Fy Agv

= 154 kips/in. (0.350 in.)

9-3c: 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv = 210 kips/in. (0.350 in.) 0.60 Fu Anv

= 140 kips/in. (0.350 in.)

Rn
Rn = (39.6 kips/in. + 210 kips/in.)(0.350in.)  (26.4 kips/in. + 140 kips/in.)(0.350 in.)


IIA-112
Since the connection is rigid at the support, the bolts attaching the tee flange to the support must be designed for
the shear and the eccentric moment.
Bolt Group at Column
Check bolts for shear and bearing combined with tension due to eccentricity.
The following calculation follows the Case II approach in the Section “Eccentricity Normal to the Plane of the
Faying Surface” in Part 7 of the AISC Manual.
LRFD ASD
Tensile force per bolt, rut: Tensile force per bolt, rat:
Pu e Pa e
rut  (Manual Eq. 7-14a) rat  (Manual Eq. 7-14b)
n ' dm n ' dm
54.0 kips  3.80 in. 36.0 kips  3.80 in.
= =
4 bolts  6.00 in. 4 bolts  6.00 in.
Design strength of bolts for tension-shear interaction: Allowable strength of bolts for tension-shear
interaction:
When threads are not excluded from the shear planes
of ASTM A325 bolts, from AISC Manual Table 7-1, When threads are not excluded from the shear planes of
rn = 17.9 kips/bolt. ASTM A325 bolts, from AISC Manual Table 7-1, rn/
= 11.9 kips/bolt.
Pu
ruv  (Spec. Eq. 7-
n Pa
rav  (Spec. Eq. 7-
13a) n
54.0 kips 13b)
=
8 bolts 36.0 kips
=
= 6.75 kips/bolt < 17.9 kips/bolt o.k. 8 bolts
= 4.50 kips/bolt < 11.9 kips/bolt o.k.
6.75 kips/bolt
f rv 
0.442 in.2 4.50 kips/bolt
f rv 
= 15.3 ksi 0.442 in.2
= 10.2 ksi
Fnt = 90 ksi
Fnv = 54 ksi Fnt = 90 ksi
Fnv = 54 ksi
 = 0.75
Fnt  = 2.00
Fnt  1.3Fnt  f rv  Fnt (Spec. Eq. J3-3a)
Fnv Fnt
Fnt  1.3Fnt  f rv  Fnt (Spec. Eq. J3-3b)
 90 ksi  Fnv
= 1.3(90 ksi)    (15.3 ksi)  2.00(90 ksi) 
 0.75(54 ksi)  = 1.3(90 ksi)    (10.2 ksi)
= 83.0 ksi  90 ksi  54 ksi 
= 83.0 ksi < 90 ksi
Rn  Fnt Ab 

IIA-113
= 0.75(83.0 ksi)(0.442 in.2) Rn Fnt Ab

= 27.5 kips/bolt > 8.55 kips/bolt o.k.  
 
= 83.0 ksi(0.442 in.2)/2.00
With Le = 14 in. and s = 3 in., the bearing strength of the tee flange exceeds the single shear strength of the bolts.
Therefore, bearing strength is o.k.
Prying Action (AISC Manual Part 9)
By inspection, prying action in the tee will control over prying action in the column.
Note: The bolts are not located symmetrically with respect to the centerline of the tee.
0.380 in.
b  2 w in.+
2
= 2.94 in.
8.02 in. 0.380 in. 0.350 in.

a  2 w in.  
2 2 2
= 0.895 in.
db
b'  b  (Manual Eq. 9-21)
2
w in.
= 2.94 in. 
2
= 2.57 in.
Since a = 0.895 in. is less than 1.25b = 3.68 in., use a = 0.895 in. for calculation purposes.
db
a'  a  (Manual Eq. 9-27)
2
w in.
= 0.895 in. 
2
= 1.27 in.
b'
   (Manual Eq. 9-26)
a'
2.57 in.
  
1.27 in.
 2.02
LRFD ASD
Tu  rut  8.55 kips/bolt Ta  rat  5.70 kips/bolt
 
Bu  rn  27.5 kips/bolt  Ba  rn /   18.3 kips/bolt

1  Bu  1  Ba 
   1 (Manual Eq. 9-25)   1 (Manual Eq. 9-25)
  Tu    Ta 

IIA-114
1  27.5 kips/bolt  1  18.3 kips/bolt 

=   1 =   1
2.02  8.55 kips/bolt  2.02  5.70 kips/bolt 
= 1.10 = 1.09
Since   1 , set  = 1.0
3.00 in.
p = 14 in. +
2
= 2.75 in.
≤ s = 3.00 in.
d'
  1 (Manual Eq. 9-24)
p
m in.
=1
2.75 in.
= 0.705
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
4Tu b '  4Ta b '

tmin  (Manual Eq. 9-23a) tmin  (Manual Eq. 9-23b)
pFu 1   '  pFu 1   ' 
4(8.55 kips)(2.57 in.) 1.67(4)(5.70 kips)(2.57 in.)
= =
0.90(2.75 in.)(65 ksi) 1  (0.705)(1.0)  2.75 in.(65 ksi) 1  (0.705)(1.0) 
= 0.566 in. < 0.620 in. o.k. = 0.567 in. < 0.620 in. o.k.
Similarly, checks of the tee flange for shear yielding, shear rupture, and block shear rupture will show that the tee
flange is o.k.
Bolt Bearing on Beam Web
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for four rows of w-in.-diameter bolts and an uncoped beam:
LRFD ASD
Rn = 351 kips/in.(0.380 in.) Rn
= 133 kips > 54.0 kips o.k. = 234 kips/in.(0.380 in.)

= 88.9 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.
Bolt Bearing on Column Flange
From AISC Manual Table 10-1, for four rows of w-in.-diameter bolts:
LRFD ASD
Rn = 702 kips/in.(0.710 in.) Rn
= 498 kips > 54.0 kips o.k. = 468 kips/in.(0.710 in.)

= 332 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.
Note: Although the edge distance (a = 0.895 in.) for one row of bolts in the tee flange does not meet the minimum
value indicated in AISC Specification Table J3.4, based on footnote [a], the edge distance provided is acceptable
because the provisions of AISC Specification Section J3.10 and J4.4 have been met in this case.

IIA-115
EXAMPLE II.A-31 BOLTED/WELDED TEE CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN FLANGE)
Given:
Design a tee connection bolted to an ASTM A992 W1650 supported beam and welded to an ASTM A992
W1490 supporting column flange, to support the following beam end reactions:
RD = 6 kips
RL = 18 kips
Use w-in.-diameter Group A bolts in standard holes and 70-ksi electrodes. Try an ASTM A992 WT522.5 with
four bolts.
Solution:
Beam
W1650
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Column
W1490
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Tee
WT522.5
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

IIA-116
Beam
W1650
tw = 0.380 in.
d = 16.3 in.
tf = 0.630 in.
Column
W1490
tf = 0.710 in.
Tee
WT522.5
d = 5.05 in.
bf = 8.02 in.
tf = 0.620 in.
ts = 0.350 in.
k1 = m in. (see W1045 AISC Manual Table 1-1)
kdes = 1.12 in.
LRFD ASD
= 36.0 kips = 24.0 kips
Limitation on Tee Stem Thickness
See rotational ductility discussion at the beginning of the AISC Manual Part 9
d
ts max =  z in. (Manual Eq. 9-38)
2
w in.
=  z in.
2
= 0.438 in. > 0.350 in. o.k.
Weld Design
b = flexible width in connection element

b f  2k1
=
2
8.02 in.  2(m in.)
=
2
= 3.20 in.
Fy t f 2  b 2 
wmin  0.0155  2  2   sts (Manual Eq. 9-36)
b L 
 50 ksi  0.620 in.2    3.20 in.2  
= 0.0155      2   s  0.350 in. .
 3.20 in.   112 in.2  
 

= 0.193 in.  0.219 in.
The minimum weld size is 4 in. per AISC Specification Table J2.4.

IIA-117
Try 4-in. fillet welds.
From AISC Manual Table 10-2, with n = 4, L = 112, and weld B = 4 in.:
LRFD ASD
= 53.3 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.

Use 4-in. fillet welds.
Supporting Column Flange
From AISC Manual Table 10-2, with n = 4, L = 112, and weld B = 4 in., the minimum support thickness is
0.190 in.
tf = 0.710 in. > 0.190 in. o.k.
Stem Side of Connection
Since the connection is flexible at the support, the tee stem and bolts must be designed for eccentric shear, where
the eccentricity, eb, is determined as follows:
a = d – Leh
= 5.05 in. – 1.25 in.
= 3.80 in.
eb = a = 3.80 in.
LRFD ASD
The tee stem and bolts must be designed for Ru = 36.0 The tee stem and bolts must be designed for Ra = 24.0
kips and Rueb = 36.0 kips(3.80 in.) = 137 kip-in. kips and Raeb = 24.0 kips(3.80 in.) = 91.2 kip-in.
Bolt Shear and Bolt Bearing on Tee Stem Bolt Shear and Bolt Bearing on Tee Stem
From AISC Manual Table 7-1, the single bolt shear From AISC Manual Table 7-1, the single bolt shear
strength is: strength is:
Rn = 17.9 kips Rn

= 11.9 kips

From AISC Manual Table 7-5, the single bolt bearing From AISC Manual Table 7-5, the single bolt bearing
strength with a 14-in. edge distance is: strength with a 14-in. edge distance is:
Rn = 49.4 kips/in.(0.350 in.) Rn

= 17.3 kips < 17.9 kips = 32.9 kips/in.(0.350 in.)

= 11.5 kips < 11.9 kips
Bolt bearing controls. Bolt bearing controls.
Note: By inspection, bolt bearing on the beam web Note: By inspection, bolt bearing on the beam web
does not control. does not control.
From AISC Manual Table 7-6 for  = 00, with s = 3

in., ex = eb = 3.80 in., and n = 4, From AISC Manual Table 7-6 for  = 00, with s = 3 in.,

IIA-118
LRFD ASD
ex = eb = 3.80 in., and n = 4,
C = 2.45
C = 2.45
Since bolt bearing is more critical than bolt shear in Since bolt bearing is more critical than bolt shear in this
this example, from AISC Manual Equation 7-19, example, from AISC Manual Equation 7-19,
Rn = Crn Rn r
= 2.45 (17.3 kips/bolt) C n 
 
= 42.4 kips > 36.0 kips o.k.  = 2.45 (11.5 kips/bolt)
= 28.2 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Flexural Yielding of Tee Stem
LRFD ASD
 = 0.90  = 1.67
 
 0.350 in.(112 in.) 2   
= 0.90(50 ksi)  
 4  50 ksi  0.350 in.(112 in.)2 
=  
= 521 kip-in. > 137 kip-in. o.k. 1.67  4 
= 346 kip-in. > 91.2 kip-in. o.k.
Flexural Rupture of Tee Stem
 (112 in.) 2 
Z net  0.350 in.   2(m in.  z in.)(4.50 in.)  2(m in.  z in.)(1.50 in.) 
 4 
= 7.90 in.3
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Mn = FuZnet M n Fu Z net

= 0.75(65 ksi)(7.90 in.3)  
 
= 385 kip-in. > 137 kip-in. o.k.
65 ksi(7.90 in.3 )
=
2.00
= 257 kip-in. > 91.2 kip-in. o.k.
Shear Yielding of Tee Stem
LRFD ASD
 = 1.00  = 1.50
Rn = 0.60 Fy Agv Rn 0.60 Fy Agv


= 1.00(0.60)(50 ksi)(112 in.)(0.350 in.)  
= 121 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. = 0.60(50 ksi)(112 in.)(0.350 in.) / 1.50
= 80.5 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.

IIA-119
Shear Rupture of Tee Stem
Anv  112 in.  4(m in.  z in.) (0.350 in.)

= 2.80 in.2
LRFD ASD
 = 0.75  = 2.00
Rn 0.60 Fu Anv
Rn = 0.60 Fu Anv 
 
= 0.75(0.60)(65 ksi)(2.80in.2 ) 0.60(65 ksi)(2.80in.2 )
=
= 81.9 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. 2.00
= 54.6 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.
Block Shear Rupture of Tee Stem
Leh = Lev = 14 in.
LRFD ASD
  min  , 
     
Ubs = 1.0
Ubs = 1.0
9-3a: 9-3a:
U bs Fu Ant = 1.0(39.6 kips/in.)(0.350 in.) U bs Fu Ant

= 1.0(26.4 kips/in.)(0.350 in.)

9-3b: 9-3b:
0.60 Fy Agv = 231 kips/in.(0.350 in.) 0.60 Fy Agv

= 154 kips/in.(0.350 in.)

9-3c: 9-3c:
0.60 Fu Anv = 210 kips/in.(0.350 in.) 0.60 Fu Anv

= 140 kips/in.(0.350 in.)

Rn
Rn = (39.6 kips/in + 210 kips/in.)(0.350in.)  (26.4 kips/in. + 140 kips/in.)(0.350 in.)

= 87.4 kips > 36.0 kips o.k. = 58.2 kips > 24.0 kips o.k.


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EXAMPLE II.A-1 ALL-BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION

Design Examples V14.1

From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required strength is:

Try 8 rows of bolts and 2L532c (SLBB).

Uncoped, Leh = 1w in. Uncoped, Leh = 1w in.

Rn = 702 kips/in.(0.760 in.) Rn

Rn = 1,400 kips/in.(0.710 in.) Rn

Design Examples V14.1

EXAMPLE II.A-2 BOLTED/WELDED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION

Note: Bottom flange coped for erection.

Design Examples V14.1

From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required strength is:

Weld Design using AISC Manual Table 10-2 (welds B)

Try c-in. weld size, L = 23 2 in.

tf min = 0.238 in. < 0.710 in. o.k.

Try 2L432a (SLBB).

Angle and Bolt Design

Check 8 rows of bolts and a-in. angle thickness.

Uncoped, Leh = 1w in. Uncoped, Leh = 1w in.

Rn = 702 kips/in.(0.760 in.) Rn

Design Examples V14.1

EXAMPLE II.A-3 ALL-WELDED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION

Design Examples V14.1

From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required strength is:

Design of Weld Between Beam Web and Angle (welds A)

Try x-in. weld size, L = 24 in.

tw min = 0.286 in. < 0.760 in. o.k.

From AISC Manual Table 10-3:

Design of Weld Between Column Flange and Angle (welds B)

Try 4-in. weld size, L = 24 in.

tf min = 0.190 in. < 0.710 in. o.k.

From AISC Manual Table 10-3:

Try 2L43c (SLBB).

Shear Yielding of Angles (AISC Specification Section J4.2)

Agv  2  24.0 in. c in.

Rn  0.60 Fy Agv (Spec. Eq. J4-3)

Design Examples V14.1

Design Examples V14.1

EXAMPLE II.A-4 ALL-BOLTED DOUBLE-ANGLE CONNECTION IN A COPED BEAM

Design Examples V14.1

From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required strength is:

Try 3 rows of bolts and 2L4324 (SLBB).

Rn = 200 kips/in.(0.355 in.) Rn

Rn  526 kips/in.(0.400 in.) Rn

Design Examples V14.1

Coped Beam Strength (AISC Manual Part 9)

Flexural Local Web Buckling

c  4.00 in.  2 18.0 in.  36.0 in. o.k.

Use Fcr = 50 ksi.

Design Examples V14.1

Rn  0.90(260 kips) Rn 260 kips

Shear Yielding of Beam Web (AISC Specification Section J4.2)

Rn = 0.60FyAgv (Spec. Eq. J4-3)

Rn  1.00(170 kips) Rn 170 kips

Shear Rupture of Beam Web (AISC Specification Section J4.2)

Anv  tw  ho  3 m in. + z in. 

Rn  0.60 Fu Anv (Spec. Eq. J4-4)

Design Examples V14.1