RCDSO

ANNUAL
RE PORT
201 7
CONTENTS

President’s Message 1
Inquiries, Complaints and Reports Committee 2
Discipline Committee 6
Fitness to Practise Committee 9
Patient Relations Committee 10
Quality Assurance Committee 12
Registration Committee 15
Professional Liability Program Committee 17
Report of the Independent Auditor on the
Summary Financial Statements 19
Summary Statement of Financial Position 20
Summary Statement of Operations 20
Note to Summary Financial Statements 21
Distribution of Dentists 22
Presidents and Registrars 25

The Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario (RCDSO) is the regulatory

body for nearly 10,000 dentists in Ontario. Established in 1868, RCDSO acts
in the public interest, with a “patients first” focus, to ensure high standards
of practice, education and conduct are met by every dentist. The College’s
Quality Assurance program promotes the continuing competence of Ontario
dentists throughout their careers so that they continue to provide safe,
effective, appropriate and ethical dental care to their patients.

RCDSO has led the way in issues such as transparency and access to
information, addressing sexual abuse of patients, privacy, creation
of a Canada-wide standard on mercury waste, access to dental care in
the long-term care sector, labour mobility, guidelines for sedation and
anesthesia, incorporation for health-care professionals, dental CT scanners,
electronic recordkeeping, chronic pain management, fluoridation, and
wellness programs for the profession.
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

Committed to Leading Change

The College progresses and is ready

to meet new challenges.
The pages of the 2017 annual report tell a story of much hard work with a single
goal – to put patients first by acting in the public interest.

Our regulatory environment is changing and we are committed to help to

lead that change. There are good reasons for increased transparency and
accountability, and we spent time and resources in 2017 improving our systems
to address this.

On May 30, 2017, the Protecting Patients Act came into effect. It strengthens
the prevention of, and response to, incidents of patient sexual abuse, increases
supports for victims of sexual abuse by regulated health professionals and
improves regulatory oversight and accountability of health regulatory colleges.
Our College spoke in favour of these changes from the beginning. Our
implementation of the measures exceeds and improves upon the standard.

As President of the College I am honoured to serve with a dedicated group of

Council and non-Council Committee members. Publicly-appointed and elected
members collaborate to achieve the mandate of the RCDSO. Our successes
rest on the work of an expert and enthusiastic staff.

2018 will see a new website and Register as well as comprehensive revisions to
key guidelines, standards and programs to educate and advise the profession.
At 150 years young, the College progresses and is ready to meet new challenges.

Dr. Ronald Yarascavitch

PRESIDENT

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 1

 MEMBERS

Inquiries, Complaints
Cam Witmer (Chair) Ron Yarascavitch
Ted Callaghan Neil Moss
Keith Morley Michael Duchnay

and Reports Committee

Lawrence Davidge Ali Davoudpour
Catherine Kerr Michael Perelgut
Flavio Turchet Christina Oprescu-Havriliuc
Harinder Sandhu Ted Shipper
David Segal Jane Walker
Mindy Cash Jeffrey Yasny
Marianne Park Derek Walter (appointed May 26, 2017)
Gregory Larsen (resigned May 24, 2017)

MANDATE In addition to the powers listed, the Regulated Health

The Inquiries, Complaints and Reports (ICR) Committee Professions Act was amended on May 30, 2017, to provide
reviews concerns about members that are brought to the ICR Committee with the power to make an interim
the College’s attention from various sources, such as order at any time following the receipt of a complaint
formal complaints, mandatory reports, and information or upon the Registrar’s appointment of an investigator.
brought to the attention of the Registrar. Such With this new power, the ICR Committee can make an
concerns include allegations of professional misconduct, order to either impose terms conditions or limitations
incompetence, and incapacity. on a member’s certificate of registration or to suspend
a member’s certificate of registration pending the final
The ICR Committee meets in panels of three. In 2017, the disposition of the matter. The ICR Committee can only
Committee had ten standing panels. After investigating a make such an order if it is of the opinion that the dentist’s
formal complaint or report, a panel may make one or more conduct exposes or is likely to expose patients to
of the following dispositions: harm or injury.

1. Refer specified allegations of professional misconduct The ICR Committee uses a Risk Assessment Tool and
or incompetence to the Discipline Committee for a Framework to guide its decision-making process.
hearing;
2. Make inquiries into the member’s capacity and/or refer
the matter to the Fitness to Practise Committee; COMMITTEE ACTIVITY
3. Require the member to appear before a panel of the Complaints
ICR Committee to be cautioned; In 2017, the College received 598 formal complaints.
4. Take other appropriate action, such as: Panels of the ICR Committee met on 104 occasions during
· require the member to complete a specified this period to review the results of investigations of formal
continuing education or remediation program complaints. A summary of the Committee’s dispositions is
(SCERP); shown on page 3.
· ask the member to voluntarily complete courses,
mentoring or practice monitoring;
· ask the member to voluntarily restrict their practice;
· provide advice and/or recommendations to the
member.
5. Take no action.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 2

 Dispositions – Formal Complaints Not all complaints are suitable for ADR. Some common
issues that may be considered appropriate for ADR are:
Number of Decisions Issued1 439
· poor communication
No action 164 · inaccurate or poor documentation
No action (approval of Alternative Dispute Resolution) 42 · rude or unprofessional behaviour that is not
Advice and recommendations 159 indicative of serious practice deficiencies
· isolated failure to maintain standards
Remedial agreement 14
· inadequate consent involving fees
Caution 36
cified Continuing Education or Remediation Program (SCERP)
Spe 63 Effective May 30, 2017, the legislation requires ADR
Undertaking 3 resolutions to be reached within 60 days. This timeline
Referral to Discipline Committee 9 can be extended to 120 days with the agreement of the
complainant and the dentist, if the Registrar believes that
Referral to ICR panel for incapacity proceedings 0
it is in the public interest to do so.
Interim Order – terms, conditions and limitations (TCL) 1
Interim Order – suspension 1 If no agreement is reached within this prescribed
Interim Order – lifted/varied 1 time period, the complaint must proceed through the
Complaint deemed frivolous, vexatious, made in bad faith, formal process with a full investigation. The panel of
moot or otherwise and abuse of process 8 the ICR Committee investigating the matter will have no
1
Some decisions contain more than one disposition (e.g. SCERP and caution). Accordingly, the
knowledge of the substance of the ADR meeting.
total number of decisions will not equal the total number of dispositions.

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Activity

On May 30, 2017, the Regulated Health Professions Act
was amended such that the Registrar of the College Cases that proceeded to ADR1 (agreed to by both parties) 108
was granted discretion to withdraw a complaint, at the Successfully resolved 53
request of a complainant, if the Registrar believes that the Unsuccessful2 21
withdrawal is in the public interest.
In progress 34

Of the 16 requests from complainants to withdraw their

1
In the event one or more of the parties do not agree to participate in the ADR process, the
complaint is returned to the formal complaint process.
complaint in 2017, one was withdrawn by the Registrar. In 2
In the event the matter is not resolved through an ADR negotiation or within the prescribed
time period, the complaint is returned to the formal complaint process.
this case, the complainant had mistakenly identified the
wrong member.

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

The Regulated Health Professions Act allows the College
to resolve complaints by way of ADR, unless the complaint
involves an allegation of sexual abuse.

ADR is a voluntary, confidential process that uses an

informal and direct approach. An independent facilitator,
who is an expert in the process of mediation and has no
connection to the College, meets with the complainant
and the dentist to help them reach a resolution. ADR
resolutions aim to satisfy both parties, while protecting
the public interest. If a resolution is reached through ADR,
it must be approved by a panel of the ICR Committee.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 3

Health Professions Appeal and Review Board In 2017, the Registrar made 51 appointments to look into
The Health Professions Appeal and Review Board (HPARB) the conduct of members based on information received,
is an independent tribunal administered by the provincial and made two appointments as requested by the Quality
government that, upon receiving an application from a Assurance Committee.
complainant or a member, reviews the ICR Committee’s
decision. The College is required to make full disclosure of The results of investigations conducted under Section 75
its investigation file to the HPARB. of the Code are reported to the ICR Committee by way
of a Registrar’s Report. Panels of the ICR Committee met
There is no right of review where the ICR Committee has on 23 occasions in 2017 to review Registrar’s Reports.
referred allegations of professional misconduct to the The following is a summary of dispositions in relation to
Discipline Committee for a hearing or to a panel of the ICR Registrar’s Reports.
Committee for incapacity proceedings.

Dispositions – Registrar’s Reports

HPARB Activity
Number of decisions issued1 54
Number of requests for review received 66 No action 13
Number of decisions issued by the HPARB 51 Advice and recommendations 18
ICR Committee decision confirmed 46 Remedial agreement 4
Returned – inadequate investigation 0 Caution 7
Returned – unreasonable decision 4 Specified Continuing Education or Remediation Program (SCERP) 6
Returned – substitute decision 1 Undertaking 2
Request for review denied 2 Referral to Discipline Committee 9
Request for review withdrawn by the applicant 8 Interim order 1
Order by the HPARB not to proceed with the review 2 Referral to ICR panel for incapacity proceedings 1
Section 28 application 1
2 Interim order – restriction (TCL) 3
Section 28 application dismissed 2 Interim order – suspension 3
Request for reconsideration denied 1 Interim order – lifted/varied 4
1
A party may apply to HPARB for an order under Section 28 of the Health Professions Procedural 1
Some decisions contain more than one disposition (e.g. SCERP and caution). Accordingly, the
Code of the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991, which states that a panel shall dispose of total number of decisions will not always equal the total number of dispositions.
a complaint within 150 days.

REGISTRAR’S REPORTS INCAPACITY INQUIRIES

Section 75 of the Health Professions Procedural Code The Health Professions Procedural Code of the
(Code) of the Regulated Health Professions Act provides Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991, defines
a mechanism, other than formal complaints, for colleges “incapacitated” as follows:
to investigate the conduct of members. In order for such
an investigation to commence, the Registrar must have “…that the member is suffering from a physical or
reasonable and probable grounds to believe that the mental health condition or disorder that makes
member has committed an act or acts of professional it desirable in the interest of the public that the
misconduct or is incompetent, based on information member’s practice be subject to terms, conditions
received, or must have received a request from the or limitations, or that the member no longer be
Quality Assurance Committee to conduct an investigation. permitted to practise.”
In these circumstances, the Registrar will appoint an
investigator and the ICR Committee must approve the
appointment.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 4

In 2017, the ICR Committee made inquiries into the Practice Mentoring
possible incapacity of two members. One inquiry resulted Members who have received comprehensive remedial
in a referral to the Fitness to Practise Committee, following training as a result of a decision of the ICR Committee
which the member voluntarily agreed to withdraw from or an order of the Discipline Committee may require
practice. In the second case, the ICR Committee was one-on-one mentoring from an experienced colleague
satisfied that the member was not incapacitated and the as an extension of the learning process. The goal of
file was closed. a mentoring program is for the member to develop a
level of independence and skill that allows the member
Also in 2017, the ICR Committee reviewed requests from to carry on in dental practice without the guidance or
two members for relief from/variance to undertakings direction of a mentor.
that were in place from previous incapacity inquiries. One
request was granted.
Practice Monitoring Activity
Members in mentoring programs 14
MONITORING AND ENFORCEMENT Mentoring reports reviewed 31
Practice Monitoring Ongoing 8
A member’s practice may be monitored for a specified
Closed 6
period of time as a result of a decision of the ICR
Committee or an order of the Discipline Committee.
The purpose of a monitoring program is to ensure that Illegal/Unauthorized Practice
the member is rehabilitated in an area of practice that From time to time, the College receives information
requires remediation. Periodical monitoring visits take about individuals who are not registered with the College
place following the member’s successful completion of a but refer to themselves as dentists who are entitled
course or courses. The results of each monitoring visit are to practise dentistry in Ontario. While the authority to
reported to a panel of the ICR Committee, which decides investigate these individuals is not granted to the College
when monitoring is no longer necessary. under the Regulated Health Professions Act, the College
believes it has an obligation to do so in the interest of
protecting the public of Ontario.
Practice Monitoring Activity
Monitoring reports reviewed 200 In 2017, the College investigated 13 individuals. As a
Ongoing 137 result of these investigations, the College obtained
Closed 63 orders from the Superior Court of Ontario against four
individuals, preventing them from engaging in the
practice of dentistry in Ontario and/or from holding
themselves out as individuals who are qualified to
practise dentistry in Ontario. The remaining cases were
either concluded without sufficient evidence or the
investigations are ongoing.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 5

 MEMBERS

Discipline
Richard Hunter (Chair) Barbara Carol Janik
Susan Davis (Vice-Chair) Manohar Kanagamany
Harpaul Anand Lisa Kelly

Committee
Vinay Bhide Gregory Larsen (from May 26, 2017)
Richard Bohay Benjamin Lin
Ram Chopra (from March 4, 2017) David Mock
William Coyne Kate Towarnicki
Peter Delean Sandy Venditti
Margaret Dunn Derek Walter (until May 22, 2017)
Elliott Gnidec

MANDATE In appropriate cases, and where there is a finding of

The Discipline Committee is responsible for hearing and professional misconduct or incompetence, a panel may
determining allegations of professional misconduct or make an order requiring the member to pay all or part
incompetence referred to it by the Inquiries, Complaints of the College’s costs and expenses. In addition, if the
and Reports Committee. Discipline panel is of the opinion that the commencement
of the proceedings was unwarranted, it may make an
A panel of the Discipline Committee considers each case order requiring the College to pay all or part of the
in an open hearing and decides whether the allegations member’s legal costs.
have been proven and if so, what penalty is appropriate.
A panel is composed of a minimum of three and no more Pre-Hearing Conferences
than five persons, two of whom must be public members. Prior to the formal hearing, the College and the member
At least one of the members of a panel must be both a may agree to an informal, confidential and without
member of the College and a member of the Council. prejudice meeting, called a pre-hearing conference.
When a panel consists of five persons, two shall be public In attendance are the member, their legal counsel and
members. Three members of a panel, one of whom is a counsel for the College. The meeting is chaired by a
public member, constitute a quorum. presider selected by the Chair of the Discipline Committee.
The objectives of the pre-hearing conference are:
Where a panel of the Discipline Committee finds a · to simplify the issues;
member guilty of professional misconduct it may make · to reach agreement on some or all of the evidence;
one or a combination of the following orders: · to reach agreement on some or all of the allegations;
· to resolve any matter that might assist in the just and
1. Direct the Registrar to revoke the member’s certificate efficient disposition of the proceedings.
of registration.
2. Direct the Registrar to suspend the member’s Any agreement reached must be confirmed by a panel
certificate of registration for a specified period of time. of the Discipline Committee. The presider, who may be a
3. Direct the Registrar to impose specified terms, member of the Discipline Committee, cannot participate
conditions and limitations on the member’s certificate of in the Discipline Committee hearing involving that
registration for a specified or indefinite period of time. particular member.
4. Require the member to appear before the panel to be
reprimanded.
5. Require the member to pay a fine of not more than
$35,000 to the Minister of Finance.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 6

Results of Discipline Proceedings The findings of professional misconduct made against the
In accordance with the legislation and the College’s seven members, related to:
by-laws, the results of Discipline proceedings are · sexual abuse of a patient;
available on the College’s Register, including the full · treating without consent;
decisions and reasons of the Discipline Committee. · contravening a term, condition and limitation on the
Summaries of discipline proceedings are also available member’s certificate of registration;
on the College’s Register. · failing to abide by a written undertaking given by
the member to the College;
Activity Highlights · failing to reply to an enquiry by the College/failing to
There were 12 hearings of the Discipline Committee held provide accurate information to the College;
in 2017, requiring panels of the Discipline Committee to · contravening a provision of the Act in relation to
sit for 22 hearing days. Ten pre-hearing conferences failing to cooperate with an investigation under
were also held. Section 75(1)(c) of the Code;
· failing to keep records as required by the legislation
For the nine hearings that concluded in 2017, seven · failing to meet and/or maintain the standards of
resulted in a finding or findings of professional practice of the profession;
misconduct against the member. In two cases, the · charging excessive or unreasonable fees;
allegations against the member were withdrawn and in · failing to itemize a lab fee;
the remaining case, the allegations were adjourned sine · disgraceful, dishonourable, unprofessional or
die since the member was no longer entitled to practise unethical conduct.
dentistry as a result of other College proceedings. Two
hearings will continue in 2018. Table 1 contains a profile of the number of findings with
respect to the categories of professional misconduct
listed above.

TABLE 1
PROFILE OF DISCIPLINE FINDINGS – 2017

Type of Professional Misconduct

Charging excessive or unreasonable fees/failure to itemize fees 2

Failure to obtain consent 2

Failure to meet/maintain standards of practice 3

Failure to cooperate with investigation under Section 75 (1)(c) of the Code 1

Failure to reply to a written enquiry by the College 2

Failure to reply to or provide accurate information to the College 2

Failure to keep records as required 4

Contravention of a term, condition, or limitation on certificate of registration 2

Failure to abide by a written undertaking given to the College 3

Disgraceful, dishonourable, unprofessional, unethical conduct 7

Sexual abuse of a patient 1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Number of Guilty Findings

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 7

PENALTIES
The penalties imposed by the Discipline Committee
included:
· Revocations of members’ certificates of
registration – 3
· Reprimands – 6
· Suspensions of members’ certificates of registration,
ranging from one month to three months in length – 2
· Courses to be taken by members in the subject
areas of ethics, recordkeeping/financial
recordkeeping, informed consent – 3
· Members’ practices to be monitored – 4
· Cases in which costs were awarded to the College,
ranging from $2,500 to $10,000 – 5

DECISIONS AND REASONS

The 2017 decisions and reasons of the Discipline
Committee can be found on the College’s register
(website), which can be accessed by clicking on the
links below.

Dr. Abraham Aberback

Dr. Kevin Calzonetti
Dr. Sydney Dreksler
Dr. Bruce Fletcher
Dr. Oleh Korol
Dr. Catherine McGregor
Dr. Genadi Raichelson
Dr. Helmut Ragnitz
Dr. Paul Sclodnick

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 8

 MEMBERS

Fitness to Practise
Lisa Kelly (Chair) Peter Delean
Harpaul Anand Margaret Dunn
Vinay Bhide Mark Eckler

Committee
Richard Bohay Elliott Gnidec
William Coyne Barbara Carol Janik
Susan Davis Kate Towarnicki

MANDATE COMMITTEE ACTIVITY

The Fitness to Practise Committee determines if a dentist It was not necessary for the Fitness to Practise Committee
is incapacitated and, if so, how to deal with the member. to hold any hearings in 2017.

“Incapacitated” means that the member is suffering

from a physical or mental condition or disorder that
makes it desirable in the interest of the public that the
member’s certificate of registration be subject to terms,
conditions or limitations, or that the member no longer
be permitted to practise.

If a panel of the Fitness to Practise Committee finds that a

member is incapacitated, it will make an order doing any
one of the following:

1. Direct the Registrar to revoke the member’s certificate

of registration.
2. Direct the Registrar to suspend the member’s
certificate of registration.
3. Direct the Registrar to impose specified terms,
conditions and limitation on the member’s certificate of
registration for a specified or indefinite period of time.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 9

 MEMBERS

Patient Relations
Catherine Kerr (Chair)
Jocelyne Abi-Nahed
Nancy Di Santo

Committee
Margaret Dunn
Richard Raymond
Harinder Sandhu

MANDATE ACTIVITY HIGHLIGHTS

The Patient Relations Committee is responsible for Funding for Therapy and Counselling – Earlier eligibility
advising Council with respect to the Patient Relations As required by the legislation, the College’s Patient
Program, which includes the following measures for Relations Committee administers a program to provide
preventing and dealing with sexual abuse of patients: funding for therapy and counselling for patients where
there has been a finding of sexual abuse by a dentist
1. Education for dentists regarding sexual abuse and while they were a patient. A patient is eligible for funding
boundary issues; for therapy or counselling after the Discipline Committee
2. Guidelines for the conduct of dentists with their finds that they were sexually abused by the dentist while
patients; that person was patient.
3. Training for College staff;
4. Education and information for the public; The Protecting Patients Act contains a provision, not
5. Funding for therapy and counselling for patients who yet in force, which would provide that support earlier.
have been sexually abused by their dentist. It states that a person is eligible for funding for therapy
and counselling if it is alleged, in a complaint or report,
Through its various initiatives, the Patient Relations that the person was sexually abused by a member while
Committee promotes and enhances relations between the person was a patient of the member. This means that
the College and its members, other health profession eligibility for funding will commence at the outset of a
colleges, key stakeholders and the public. complaint or report, not after a finding of sexual abuse
by the Discipline Committee. The Minister of Health and
On May 30, 2017, the Protecting Patients Act strengthened Long-Term Care may also make regulations to provide
the sexual abuse and transparency provisions in the funding for other purposes.
Regulated Health Professions Act. As a result, the
Patient Relations Committee further enhanced its In November 2017, Council recognized that although this
communications, activities and programs. amendment to the legislation is not yet in force, it is in the
public’s interest to provide access to funding for therapy
and counselling earlier in our process, at the onset of the
complaint or report, in advance of the legislative change.
This change in eligibility for funding takes effect on
January 1, 2018.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 10

Updated Practice Advisory on Sexual Abuse engaged in sexual misconduct or abuse, and the types
and Boundary Violations of concerns investigated by the College. The brochure
In November 2017, Council approved the updated is available on the College’s website and has been
Practice Advisory on the Prevention of Sexual Abuse and forwarded to sexual assault centres within the province.
Boundary Violations, which provides guidance to dentists
on the prevention of sexual misconduct and boundary McGill Project
violations. The updated practice advisory reflects current In 2017, the College continued its partnership in a
legislation and educates dentists in the areas of sexual $2.5 million research grant awarded to McGill University
abuse, boundary violations, duty to report and mandatory by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research
reporting obligations. The practice advisory is posted and Council. This seven-year research project, “IMPACTS:
highlighted on the College’s website. Collaborations to Address Sexual Violence on Campus”,
previously entitled “A Multi-Sector Partnership to
Legal Support Program Enhancements Investigate and Develop Policy and Practice Models to
At the request of the Patient Relations Committee, Council Dismantle ‘Rape Culture’ in Universities”, aims to mobilize
approved a policy to provide independent legal support systemic change in universities and in mainstream social
for people who are testifying at a discipline hearing about contexts. The goal of this multi-disciplinary partnership
sexual abuse and boundary violations of a sexual nature. is to unearth, dismantle and prevent rape culture within
In 2017, application forms for this legal support were universities, and ultimately in society, through evidence-
made available to the public on the College’s website. based research that will inform sustainable curriculum
A complainant/individual can submit an application and policy. Given the integrated nature of this project,
for support after a referral of specified allegations of there will be ripple benefits to the College from research
professional misconduct in relation to sexual abuse or done in the other project areas to inform policy and
boundary violations is made to the Discipline Committee. provide strategic and sustainable models for universities,
partners and others in order to address rape culture and
As part of this policy, the complainant/individual can sexual violence in universities.
retain a lawyer of their choice from a roster of lawyers
approved by the Registrar of the College. The College is a partner in Project Team A – Role of
Universities and is a member of the Advisory Board.
Staff, Council and Committee Training The research seeks to clarify these six objectives:
College staff attended a mandatory training session on · Systemic barriers sustaining rape culture
disability awareness led by Ms. Marianne Park, Council · Intersections between education and human
member. rights law
· Legal literacy among university communities
In addition, Council and committee members attended · Case law and academic literature
an educational session led by Dr. Sandy Welsh, Vice- · Gaps in social awareness in professional ethics
Provost of Students at the University of Toronto. Dr. Welsh programs
spoke about understanding the survivor experience/ · Educational potential of universities.
perspective in the regulatory context and trends in
handling sexual abuse and harassment complaints. The College continues to support this important
research project.
Circulation of the Courage to Be Heard Brochure
The Committee developed a patient-focused brochure Requests for Funding and Therapy for Counselling
about sexual abuse entitled, “Courage to be Heard” To date, the Patient Relations Committee has not received
that includes communication to the public about sexual any requests for funding.
abuse. This brochure addresses what to do if you think
your dentist has violated patient-dentist boundaries or

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 11

 MEMBERS

Quality Assurance
David Mock (Chair)
Siranus Hacherian
Elizabeth MacSween

Committee
Anita Moosani
Marianne Park

MANDATE choose from over 200 approved core courses, which are
The Quality Assurance (QA) Committee is the statutory listed on the College website.
committee that is charged with the development,
administrative review and ongoing evaluation of In addition, all members are required to record their CE
the College’s QA Program. This program, which is activities in their online e-Portfolio, and to retain original
mandated under the Regulated Health Profession’s documents, e.g. course certificates and other proof of
Act, 1991, is designed to ensure that the knowledge, attendance documents, that provide evidence of their
skill and judgment of Ontario dentists remains current successful participation in CE activities for five years from
throughout their careers, and that they continue to the end of each three-year cycle.
provide safe, effective, appropriate and ethical dental
care to their patients. From April 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017, the College
randomly selected 1,075 members to have their e-Portfolio
reviewed. A summary of their status is reflected in the
ACTIVITY HIGHLIGHTS following table.
Quality Assurance Program
All members with a general or specialty certificate of
Current status of members randomly selected for review of
registration are required to participate in the College’s
their e-Portfolio for the period of April 1, 2015 to
QA Program. As outlined in the QA Regulation, the key December 31, 2017
components of the QA Program are:
Total number of members randomly selected 1,075

Continuing Education and the e-Portfolio: All members Removed from selection list* 14
are required to pursue continuing education (CE) activities Active (in progress) 4
as part of their commitment to the profession and lifelong Completed – successful 942
learning. This includes obtaining at least 90 CE points in
Completed – unsuccessful (shortfall of CE points) 115
each three-year cycle. There are three categories in which
members may obtain CE points: core courses, courses Under review by Committee 3

offered by approved sponsors and other courses. Explanation accepted/no further action 88
Assigned for review of next CE cycle 24
The QA Committee receives course proposals from
* Members may be removed from the random selection list for full-time post-graduate programs,
numerous organizations for review and consideration in registration in a specialty and other reasons that result in a reset of their CE cycle.
core courses, the highest CE category. Members may

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 12

Practice Enhancement Tool (PET): This is an online self- health professions, notably medicine. Dr. LeBlanc still found,
assessment program that allows members to evaluate however, that members performed very well on the PET.
and assess their practice, knowledge, skill and judgement
based on peer-derived standards. All members are The QA Committee is continuing its work on the
required to complete an assessment at least once every development of a new version of the PET for members
five years. who hold a specialty certificate of registration.
Partnering with the Ontario faculties of dentistry at
From January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017, the College the University of Toronto and Western University, new
randomly selected 8,123 members to complete the PET. A questions at the specialist level have been prepared in
summary of their status is reflected in the following table. the areas of orthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery,
endodontics and periodontics. In 2018, new questions
at the specialist level will be prepared in the areas of
Current status of members randomly selected to
pedodontics and prosthodontics.
complete the PET for the period of January 1, 2013 to
December 31, 2017
Practice Enhancement Consultant: A consultant is
Total number of members randomly selected 8,123 available to assist members at any time to interpret and
Removed for retirement/resignation 175 discuss the results of their assessment and in identifying
Removed for full-time post-graduate program 36 appropriate continuing education or professional

Active (in progress) 0 development activities, regardless of the outcome.

Completed – successful (1st attempt) 7,818

Annual Declaration: All members are entrusted with the
Completed – unsuccessful (1st attempt) 2 responsibility of completing a section on their annual
Completed – successful (2nd attempt) 40 membership renewal form to self-declare whether they
Completed – unsuccessful (2 attempt)
nd
0 are in compliance with the QA Program requirements.
Failed to complete 1
Extension 2
Review of College Standards and Guidelines
Deferral 36
Standard of Practice on the Use of Sedation and General
Request for consideration 0 Anesthesia in Dental Practice
Undertaking/Agreement 8 At the November 2016 meeting, Council was informed
Refer to Inquiries, Complaints and Reports Committee 5 that the QA Committee decided this is an appropriate time
to update the Standard of Practice on the Use of Sedation
Practice Assessment 0
and General Anesthesia in Dental Practice and directed the
Registrar to strike a working group to review the document
The anonymized results of over 5,000 members who and provide recommendations for revising it. A working
completed the PET were forwarded to Dr. Jack Gerrow, group was formed and several meetings were held in 2017.
Executive Director and Registrar, The National Dental Additional meetings have been scheduled for 2018.
Examining Board of Canada, and Dr. Vicki LeBlanc, Chair
and Associate Professor in the Department of Innovation Guidelines on Conflict of Interest
in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, for statistical At the May 2017 meeting, Council approved, in principle,
analysis. Subsequently, the QA Committee received the proposed Guidelines on Conflict of Interest, and
reports from both. Dr. Gerrow advised that “The results are directed that the draft document be circulated to
excellent… Overall, your question selection process and members and other stakeholders for comment. The
the question selectors in particular have produced a very College received numerous submissions. The QA
useful and reliable tool.” Dr. LeBlanc found that age and Committee decided to reconvene the working group to
years since graduation had a minor to moderate effect on consider the submissions and provide recommendations
PET scores, which is consistent with observations in other for revising the proposed Guidelines.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 13

Guidelines on the Diagnosis & Management the Management of Acute and Chronic Pain in Dental
of Temporomandibular Disorders & Related Practice (published in 2015).
Musculoskeletal Disorders
At the May 2017 meeting, Council was informed that the The College requested and received narcotics
Executive Committee decided to strike a working group to monitoring system data for 2015 and 2016. This data,
review the Guidelines on the Diagnosis & Management of along with the data received for 2014, was provided to an
Temporomandibular Disorders & Related Musculoskeletal epidemiologist, Dr. Gordon Thompson, for analysis. The
Disorders and provide recommendations to the QA results of the analysis were presented in a report, which
Committee and Council for its revision. A working group was completed in December 2017.
was formed and several meetings were held in 2017.
Additional meetings have been scheduled for 2018. The report, Opioid Prescribing by Ontario Dentists: 2014-
2016, will be forwarded to the QA Committee and Council
Guidelines on Infection Prevention and Control in the for review and consideration of next steps. In addition,
Dental Office the report will be forwarded to the Canadian Centre for
At the May 2017 meeting, Council approved the striking Substance Abuse and published on the College website
of a working group to review the Guidelines on Infection to inform members.
Prevention and Control in the Dental Office and provide
recommendations for revising it. A working group was Antibiotic Prophylaxis
formed and several meetings were held in 2017. Additional The use of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent prosthetic
meetings have been scheduled for 2018. joint infection has been controversial, and various
reports over several years have generated conflicting
Guidelines on the Role of Opioids in the Management of recommendations. In 2016, an inter-professional
Acute and Chronic Pain in Dental Practice consensus statement was developed through
In November 2015, Council gave final approval to the collaboration between three organizations – the Canadian
Guidelines on the Role of Opioids in the Management of Dental Association, the Canadian Orthopedic Association
Acute and Chronic Pain in Dental Practice. In August 2017, and the Association of Medical Microbiology and
the Alberta Dental Association and College published a Infectious Disease (AMMI).
Guide for Pain Management/Opioids, and acknowledged
the valuable contribution of the Ontario Guidelines in the At the November 2017 meeting, Council approved a
development of their guide. In addition, the Provincial recommendation to support the consensus statement, in
Dental Board of Nova Scotia requested permission to use which the following recommendations were made:
the Ontario Guidelines to develop a similar document for 1. Patients should not be exposed to the adverse effects
their province. of antibiotics when there is no evidence that such
prophylaxis is of any benefit.
Joint Statement of Action to Address the Opioid 2. Routine antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated for
Crisis in Canada dental patients with total joint replacements, or for
In November 2016, David Mock, Chair of the QA patients with orthopedic pins, plates and screws.
Committee, signed the Joint Statement of Action to 3. Patients should be in optimal oral health prior to having
Address the Opioid Crisis in Canada, committing the total joint replacement and should maintain good oral
College to the following: hygiene and oral health following surgery. Orofacial
infections in all patients, including those with total joint
By December 2017: Requesting and reviewing prostheses, should be treated to eliminate the source
narcotics monitoring system data for opioid of infection and prevent its spread.
prescriptions by dentists and dental specialists for
the calendar year 2016 and comparing this data to Council also directed the College to advise members
that received for the calendar year 2014 to assess to review the consensus statement and implement it in
the impact of the Guidelines on the Role of Opioids in their offices.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 14

 MEMBERS

Registration
Benjamin Lin (Chair)
Flavio Turchet
Sandy Venditti

Committee
Derek Walter

MANDATE ACTIVITY HIGHLIGHTS

The Registration Committee reviews all applications for The Registration Committee convened on five occasions in
registration that the Registrar refers to it. The Registrar 2017. Seven requests for registration and/or reinstatement
is required to refer an application if he/she has doubts plus two requests to vary terms, conditions and limitations
that the applicant meets the legislated requirements, were considered by the Registration Committee.
considers imposing terms, conditions, and limitations, or After reviewing these applications, reports from the
intends to refuse the application. jurisdictions where the applicants were currently licensed
or registered (if applicable) and other information related
The Committee provides each applicant with an to each applicant, the Committee:
opportunity to make written submissions prior to · refused one application for reinstatement of a
rendering its decision. In addition, it routinely offers general certificate of registration;
applicants the opportunity to personally attend to make · approved three applications for general certificates
oral representations should he/she wish to do so. The of registration;
Committee’s decisions are subject to review by the · approved one application for reinstatement of
government-appointed Health Professions Appeal and a general certificate of registration with terms,
Review Board (HPARB). conditions and limitations;
· approved two applications for specialty certificates
The Registration Committee is also responsible for setting of registration;
registration policies, advising College Council on entry to · approved two requests for variation of terms,
practice and reinstatement requirements and on national conditions and limitations.
issues related to registration.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 15

STATISTICS
(As at December 31, 2017) Removals and Reinstatements
Deceased 9
Resigned 12
Additions to the Register
Revoked – conditions expired 27
University of Toronto (general) 72
Reinstated 23
University of Western Ontario (general) 55
Other Canadian graduates (NDEB) (general) 35
U.S.A. (NDEB) (general) 49 Total Membership Certificates by Category
International graduates (NDEB) (general) 278 General certificates 9,829
Specialty certificates 53* Specialty certificates 235
Graduate certificates 13 Combined General/Specialty certificates 1,388
(Already counted in General Total)
Education certificates 3
Post-Specialty Training certificates 3 Academic certificates 20
Graduate certificates 35
* Of this total, 27 were new members to the College and 26 were general members adding
a specialty register.
Education certificates 7
Post-Specialty Training certificates 4
Total Number of Membership Certificates 10,131
Specialty Certificates Granted

The College granted 53 specialty certificates during 2017 in the

following dental specialties:

Dental Anesthesiology 4
Endodontics 4
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 9
Oral Medicine 2
Oral Pathology 2
Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics 7
Pediatric Dentistry 11
Periodontics 7
Public Health Dentistry 2
Prosthodontics 5

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 16

 MEMBERS

Professional Liability
Elizabeth Wilfert (Chair)
Karen Aiken
Vincent Carere

Program Committee
Neil Gajjar
Gurneen Sidhu
Reza Termei

MANDATE PLP staff continues to be very active in the area of

The College’s Professional Liability Program (PLP) obtains incident and risk management. As a result, it is expected
insurance coverage which provides errors and omissions that over 90 per cent of PLP’s files will eventually be
protection to each member of the College. This protection closed with no payment being made by PLP. This
extends to current, former, retired, and deceased includes matters in which PLP staff has provided advice
members, as well as dental partnerships and health to members, drafted correspondence and prepared
profession corporations holding a valid certificate of releases for out of pocket refunds/reimbursements to
authorization from the College. This automatic provision of allow members to resolve situations themselves.
protection by the College to all Ontario dentists ensures
to the extent reasonably possible that mechanisms are in
place to protect the public in the event of injury resulting TABLE 1
from dental negligence of its members. INCIDENTS REPORTED TO PLP 2008–2017

The Professional Liability Program is separate from 1800

1,695
the regulatory arm of the College. The PLP Committee 1,606
1,535 1,552 1,543
oversees the policies and practices of the program and 1500
1,504
1,404
has responsibility for reviewing staff use of delegated 1,351
1,387
1,329
settlement authority, approving all settlements exceeding
1200
internal staff authority, authorizing the defence of actions
through trial and approving appeals of adverse trial
decisions. The Committee also provides leadership with 900

respect to PLP enhancements, including risk management

and practice improvement initiatives that may be required 600
from time to time.

300

ACTIVITY HIGHLIGHTS
Incidents Reported 0
‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
Between January 1 and December 31, 2017, there were
1,695 incidents/potential claims reported to PLP, an
increase of 152 from the previous year. Table 1 shows the
number of files opened for the ten-year period 2008–2017.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 17

PLP Micro-Website PLP Financial Performance
PLP’s micro-website includes videos, articles, FAQ’s, quick PLP undergoes annual actuarial evaluations by an
hits and forms to request malpractice protection letters accounting firm. The 2017 final evaluation report
and to pay deductibles. Members are able to report includes a reference to two large losses which have the
incidents, request releases and seek dental-legal advice potential for significant payouts. The methodology used
online. The site is easy to navigate and the search function to calculate projected losses also changed for 2017.
is robust. PLP collects data on member inquiries and the This change increases the projected figures compared
homepage features the most popular quick hit topics. The to the prior method. Without considering the two large
uptick in 2017 new reports is likely due to the increased losses, and comparing figures calculated on the basis of
availability of online reporting. the same methodology and reported by the accounting
firm at this time last year for 2016, the total projected
Contract Renewal payouts for 2017 are 10.5 per cent lower. The 2017 total
RCDSO’s policy with ENCON Group Inc. was renewed for projected payouts increase significantly when the
2018. RCDSO’s risk retention is $2 million per occurrence two large losses are included. The accounting firm has
with an aggregate deductible of $15 million. Once the confirmed that the program is adequately supported to
aggregate deductible has been reached, RCDSO is absorb these large losses.
protected by several insurers up to an additional annual
aggregate limit of $20 million. Risk Management
PLP continues its emphasis on incident prevention
Excess Malpractice Coverage and risk management. Staff has created a number of
Excess malpractice protection of up to $23 million is presentations addressing risk management issues that
available to the College’s members above the $2 million are presented at no charge to local dental societies,
provided through PLP. The College is not involved in dental students and other groups. PLP now has four
retailing the excess coverage. Category 1 Core Courses: “The Big Picture”, “Consent to
Treatment”, “Communication Breakdown” and “Patient
Safety Incidents and Adverse Events”. PLP had 15 speaking
engagements in 2017. PLP staff also continued to prepare
risk management articles and quick hits for PLP’s website.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 18

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF
ROYAL COLLEGE OF DENTAL SURGEONS OF ONTARIO

December 31, 2017

Report of the Independent

Auditor on the Summary
Financial Statements

To the Members of the Council of the Management’s Responsibility for the Summary
Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation of the
The accompanying summary financial statements, which summary of the audited financial statements on the
comprise the summary statement of financial position basis described in the note to the summary financial
as at December 31, 2017, the summary statement of statements.
operations for the year then ended, and the note to
the summary financial statements, are derived from the Auditor’s Responsibility
audited financial statements of the Royal College of Dental Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Surgeons of Ontario for the year ended December 31, summary financial statements based on our procedures,
2017. We expressed an unmodified audit opinion on those which were conducted in accordance with Canadian
financial statements in our report dated June 14, 2018. Auditing Standard (CAS) 810, “Engagements to Report on
Those financial statements and the summary financial Summary Financial Statements”.
statements do not reflect the effects of events that
occurred subsequent to the date of our report on those Opinion
financial statements. In our opinion, the summary financial statements derived
from the audited financial statements of the Royal
The summary financial statements do not contain all the College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario for the year ended
disclosures required by Canadian accounting standards December 31, 2017 are a fair summary of those financial
for not-for-profit organizations. Reading the summary statements, on the basis described in the note to the
financial statements, therefore, is not a substitute for summary financial statements.
reading the audited financial statements of the Royal
College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario.

Chartered Professional Accountants

Licensed Public Accountants
June 14, 2018

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 19

ROYAL COLLEGE OF DENTAL SURGEONS OF ONTARIO

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

as at December 31, 2017

2017 2016
$ $

Assets
Cash 2,179,479 3,429,310
Accounts receivable 765,200 2,248,021
Prepaid expenses 451,655 159,131
Investments 64,099,013 61,259,923
Pension plan asset 2,826,300 2,460,500
Capital assets 7,338,193 7,468,721
77,659,840 77,025,606

Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 1,535,016 968,652
Deferred revenue 22,403,512 21,798,665
Accrued claims liability 14,085,489 14,099,226
Pension plan obligation 1,933,000 2,162,000
39,957,017 39,028,543

Fund balances
Invested in capital assets 7,338,193 7,468,721
Internally restricted 28,438,000 24,400,000
Unrestricted 1,926,630 6,128,342
37,702,823 37,997,063
77,659,840 77,025,606

The accompanying note to the financial statements is an integral part of these financial statements.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF DENTAL SURGEONS OF ONTARIO

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

year ended December 31, 2017

2017 2016
$ $

Revenue
Registration and annual fees 24,203,446 23,457,700
Investment income 1,429,567 1,457,906
Other income 857,186 542,507
26,490,199 25,458,113

Expenses
Staffing costs 13,184,547 11,787,763
Corporate services 6,144,057 5,221,826
Professional Liability Program 2,946,608 3,747,903
External providers 2,659,374 2,299,208
Council and Committees 1,102,134 864,208
Faculty payments and fees 483,819 438,649
26,520,539 24,359,557
(Deficiency) excess of revenue over expenses (30,340) 1,098,556

The accompanying note to the financial statements is an integral part of these financial statements.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 20

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF
ROYAL COLLEGE OF DENTAL SURGEONS OF ONTARIO

December 31, 2017

Note to the Summary

Financial Statements

Basis of the summary financial statements

The criteria applied by management in the preparation of
these summary financial statements are as follows:

a) The information in the summary financial statements

is in agreement with the related information in the
audited financial statements;

b) A summary statement of changes in net assets and

a summary statement of cash flows has not been
presented, as the relevant information can be obtained
from the audited financial statements.

The audited financial statements may be obtained

from the Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario
at www.rcdso.org.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 21

Distribution of Dentists
DISTRIBUTION OF DENTISTS PRACTISING IN ONTARIO BY AGE RANGE,
COUNTY AND ELECTORAL DISTRICT

COUNTY LESS THAN 31 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 65 OVER 65

District 1
Dundas 0 0 1 1 1 0
Frontenac 8 31 22 27 12 8
Glengarry 0 1 1 0 1 1
Grenville 2 4 5 2 0 1
Lanark 1 12 7 5 2 3
Leeds 2 5 4 8 4 5
Lennox Addington 0 0 4 2 0 1
Ottawa Carlton 55 169 240 170 68 60
Prescott 1 2 5 3 2 1
Renfrew 2 13 19 9 3 10
Russell 3 4 2 3 2 1
Stormont 7 10 10 6 4 1
District Total: 1,079 81 251 320 236 99 92

District 2
Durham 24 105 94 108 35 37
Haliburton 0 0 2 0 0 1
Hastings 6 23 15 8 4 11
Northumberland 1 8 5 11 2 3
Peterborough 4 20 16 19 5 7
Prince Edward 2 1 2 0 1 1
Victoria 4 9 7 4 0 2
York 82 229 263 225 76 67
District Total: 1,549 123 395 404 375 123 129

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 22

 COUNTY LESS THAN 31 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 65 OVER 65

District 3
Algoma 5 18 8 12 7 4
Cochrane 3 9 9 5 4 2
Kenora 3 3 9 10 1 3
Manitoulin 0 1 1 2 1 0
Nipissing 1 6 3 12 2 7
Rainy River 1 3 4 3 1 1
Sudbury 8 18 22 23 8 9
Thunder Bay 14 30 13 19 6 12
Timiskaming 2 7 3 3 2 2
District Total: 365 37 95 72 89 32 40

District 4
Halton 30 125 150 87 36 34
Peel 86 249 288 245 75 83
District Total: 1,488 116 374 438 332 111 117

District 5
Bruce 5 9 6 7 6 2
Dufferin 1 5 9 4 6 5
Grey 1 14 8 10 3 9
Huron 1 5 8 5 1 1
Muskoka 1 6 9 12 6 3
Parry Sound 0 4 3 2 3 2
Simcoe 15 64 78 53 23 24
District Total: 439 24 107 121 93 48 46

District 6
Elgin 1 7 7 5 3 5
Essex 29 37 80 69 21 31
Kent 2 15 12 7 4 5
Lambton 11 20 12 7 9 9
Middlesex 32 111 100 76 45 45
District Total: 817 75 190 211 164 82 95

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 23

 COUNTY LESS THAN 31 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 65 OVER 65

District 7
Brant 5 18 17 18 4 11
Haldimand Norfolk 1 10 10 3 4 6
Oxford 2 15 16 10 2 12
Perth 3 8 11 4 2 3
Waterloo 25 86 103 90 17 26
Wellington 4 34 25 26 11 13
District Total: 655 40 171 182 151 40 71

District 8
Hamilton Wentworth 28 83 84 81 34 54
Niagara 12 44 57 50 28 38
District Total: 593 40 127 141 131 62 92

District 9
Metro Toronto 51 119 133 183 72 114
District Total: 672 51 119 133 183 72 114

District 10
Metro Toronto 35 117 149 151 77 90
District Total: 619 35 117 149 151 77 90

District 11
Metro Toronto 78 157 126 142 72 85
District Total: 660 78 157 126 142 72 85

District 12
Metro Toronto 41 176 213 239 114 104
District Total: 887 41 176 213 239 114 104

PROVINCIAL TOTALS: 9,823 741 2279 2510 2286 932 1075

RCDSO Data – as of December 31, 2017

These figures represent all classes of certificates of registration for dentists with a registered practice address in the province of Ontario.

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 24

Presidents and Registrars

Presidents Registrars
B.W. Day S.M. Kennedy N.L. Diefenbacher J. O’Donnell
April 1868 – June 1870 June 1931 – May 1933 January 1971 – January 1973 April 1868 – July 1870

H.T. Wood H. Irvine P.P. Zakarow J.B. Willmott

June 1870 – July 1874 May 1933 – May 1935 January 1973 – January 1975 July 1870 – June 1915

C.S. Chittenden G.H. Holmes R.P. McCutcheon W.E. Willmott

July 1874 – May 1889 May 1935 – May 1937 January 1975 – January 1977 July 1915 – May 1940

H.T. Wood E.C. Veitch E.G. Sonley D.W. Gullett

May 1889 – March 1893 May 1937 – May 1939 January 1977 – January 1979 May 1940 – July 1956
R.J. Husband L.D. Hogan A.J. Calzonetti W.J. Dunn
March 1893 – April 1899 May 1939 – May 1941 January 1979 – January 1981 July 1956 – February 1965
G.E. Hanna F.A. Blatchford C.A. Doughty K.F. Pownall
April 1899 – April 1901 May 1941 – May 1943 January 1981 – January 1983 February 1965 – July 1990
A.M. Clark G.H. Campbell R.L. Filion R.L. Ellis
April 1901 – April 1903 May 1943 – May 1945 January 1983 – January 1985 July 1990 – November 1996
H.R. Abbott S.W. Bradley G.E. Pitkin M.H. Stein
April 1903 – April 1907 May 1945 – May 1947 January 1985 – January 1987 November 1996 – January 2000
R.B. Burt H.W. Reid I.W. Fefergrad
G. Nikiforuk
April 1907 – April 1909 May 1947 – May 1949 June 2000 –
January 1987 – January 1989
G.C. Bonnycastle S.J. Phillips
W.J. Dunn
April 1909 – May 1911 May 1949 – May 1951
January 1989 – January 1991
W.J. Bruce R.O. Winn
May 1911 – May 1913 May 1951 – May 1953 R.M. Beyers
January 1991 – March 1994
D. Clark C.M. Purcell
May 1913 – May 1915 May 1953 – May 1955 G.P. Citrome
March 1994 – February 1997
W.C. Davy R.J. Godfrey
May 1915 – May 1917 May 1955 – May 1957 M. Yasny
February 1997 – January 1999
W.C. Trotter M.C. Bebee
May 1917 – May 1918 May 1957 – May 1959 T.W. McKean
January 1999 – January 2001
W.M. McGuire M.V. Keenan
May 1918 – May 1921 May 1959 – May 1961 E. Luks
January 2001 – January 2003
M.A. Morrison A.H. Leckie
May 1921 – May 1923 May 1961 – April 1963 C.A. Witmer
January 2003 – January 2007
A.D. Mason W.G. Bruce
May 1923 – May 1925 April 1963 – April 1965 F.M. Stechey
January 2007 – January 2011
E.E. Bruce J.P. Coupland
May 1925 – May 1927 April 1965 – February 1967 W.P. Trainor
January 2011 – January 2015
R.C. McLean J.D. Purves
May 1927 – May 1929 February 1967 – January 1969 R. M. Yarascavitch
January 2015 –
S.S. Davidson H.M. Jolley
May 1929 – June 1931 January 1969 – January 1971

Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario | 2017 Annual Report 25

6 Crescent Road
Toronto, ON Canada M4W 1T1
T: 416-961-6555 F: 416-961-5814
Toll Free: 1-800-565-4591
www.rcdso.org