An introduction to Matplotlib
Ananda Dasgupta
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
3-4 May, 2019
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 1/6
Starting out with Numpy
The basic mantra
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d import Axes3D
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 2/6
Starting out with Numpy
The basic mantra
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d import Axes3D
We will also need
import numpy as np
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 2/6
Starting out with Numpy
The basic mantra
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d import Axes3D
We will also need
import numpy as np
Once this is done, you are ready to create the graphs of your
dreams!!
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 2/6
My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6
My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6
My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Create array's for the functions to be plotted:
>>> y1 = np.sin(5*x)
>>> y2 = np.exp(-x/2)
>>> y3 = y1*y2
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6
My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Create array's for the functions to be plotted:
>>> y1 = np.sin(5*x)
>>> y2 = np.exp(-x/2)
>>> y3 = y1*y2
Now, set up the graphs:
>>> plt.plot(x,y1,color='blue')
>>> plt.plot(x,y2,color='green')
>>> plt.plot(x,y3,color='red')
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6
My rst graph
Let's plot sin(5x ), e −x /2 and their product from x = 0 to
x = 10 on the same graph.
First, set up an array of x values:
>>> x = np.linspace(0,10,1000)
(1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 2, both inclusive)
Create array's for the functions to be plotted:
>>> y1 = np.sin(5*x)
>>> y2 = np.exp(-x/2)
>>> y3 = y1*y2
Now, set up the graphs:
>>> plt.plot(x,y1,color='blue')
>>> plt.plot(x,y2,color='green')
>>> plt.plot(x,y3,color='red')
This sets up the graphs - but to actually display them - you
need:
>>> plt.show()
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 3/6
My rst graph
Quick and easy!
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 4/6
Taking control
Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have
done, make details di cult to control.
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6
Taking control
Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have
done, make details di cult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6
Taking control
Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have
done, make details di cult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
A simple way:
g,ax = plt.subplots()
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6
Taking control
Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have
done, make details di cult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
A simple way:
g,ax = plt.subplots()
Now, we can use the Axes instance ax to con gure the plots:
>>> ax.plot(x,y1,color='blue',legend='sin(5x)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y2,color='green',legend='exp(-x/2)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y3,color='red',legend='sin(5x)exp(-x/2)')
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6
Taking control
Using the default Figure and Axes instances, as we have
done, make details di cult to control.
We can get more control by creating instances explicitly.
A simple way:
g,ax = plt.subplots()
Now, we can use the Axes instance ax to con gure the plots:
>>> ax.plot(x,y1,color='blue',legend='sin(5x)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y2,color='green',legend='exp(-x/2)')
>>> ax.plot(x,y3,color='red',legend='sin(5x)exp(-x/2)')
Finer touches : >>> ax.set_xlabel('x')
>>> ax.set_ylabel('y')
>>> ax.legend()
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 5/6
Taking control
Ananda Dasgupta Matplotlib 6/6
