The document describes the components and process of a distillation column. It includes a vertical shell where liquid separation occurs, trays/plates or packings to enhance separation, a reboiler to provide vaporization, a condenser to cool and condense vapors, and a reflux drum to hold condensed vapor so liquid can be recycled to the column. It also provides a sample mass and energy balance for a distillation process, solving for flow rates, compositions, and other variables. Pressure is 1 atm and heat of reaction is calculated.
The document describes the components and process of a distillation column. It includes a vertical shell where liquid separation occurs, trays/plates or packings to enhance separation, a reboiler to provide vaporization, a condenser to cool and condense vapors, and a reflux drum to hold condensed vapor so liquid can be recycled to the column. It also provides a sample mass and energy balance for a distillation process, solving for flow rates, compositions, and other variables. Pressure is 1 atm and heat of reaction is calculated.
The document describes the components and process of a distillation column. It includes a vertical shell where liquid separation occurs, trays/plates or packings to enhance separation, a reboiler to provide vaporization, a condenser to cool and condense vapors, and a reflux drum to hold condensed vapor so liquid can be recycled to the column. It also provides a sample mass and energy balance for a distillation process, solving for flow rates, compositions, and other variables. Pressure is 1 atm and heat of reaction is calculated.
The document describes the components and process of a distillation column. It includes a vertical shell where liquid separation occurs, trays/plates or packings to enhance separation, a reboiler to provide vaporization, a condenser to cool and condense vapors, and a reflux drum to hold condensed vapor so liquid can be recycled to the column. It also provides a sample mass and energy balance for a distillation process, solving for flow rates, compositions, and other variables. Pressure is 1 atm and heat of reaction is calculated.
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Distillation Column
vertical shell - where the separation of liquid components is carried out.
trays/plates and/or packings- used to enhance component separations
reboiler -to provide the necessary vaporization for the distillation process
condenser- to cool and condense the vapor leaving the top of the column
reflux drum- to hold the condensed vapor from the top of the column so that liquid (reflux) can be recycled back to the column Sample Mass and Energy Balance
QR = AhA + QC + BhB = (1,500)( 3,629.3) + 4.574×107 + (1,000)(428.8) = 5.1613×107 Btu/hr
kg ṁ 3=1217.7 hr
1.0 kg A
kg ṁ 1=2435.4 hr
0.03 kg B
0.97 kg C
kg ˙ kg ṁ 2=5300 m4 =1200 hr hr
0.3887 kg A 0.70 kg A
0.6113 kg B 0.1031 kg B
0.1969 kg C
ṁ5
0.60 kg B
0.40 kg C
Reflux
Reflux is a process that involves simultaneous heating the chemical reaction for a particular amount of time and continually cooling the vapor produced back into liquid form, with the use of a condenser. The vaporthat was produced above the reaction will continually undergo condensation, returning to the flask as a condensate. Through this process, the temperature of the chemical reaction will remain constant. Process Flow Diagram (Naphtha to Olefins)
