Past Tenses

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EXPLANATION – Past Tense

1. Simple past:
Formula: Verb ED / II
Usage: We use simple past tense for an action that was finished in the past
Examples:
* Columbus discovered America in 1492.
Note: Use “used to” for an action that was repeated or occurred regularly.
Use “would” for actions that were repeated, though irregular.
2. Past perfect:
Formula: had + PP
Usage: we use past perfect tense for an action that occurred before a certain point in the past
Examples:
* She had bought the book before I met her.
Note: “before” can be used in a simple past or past perfect sentence.
a. I cleaned the house before she visited.
(I cleaned the house because I knew she would visit)
b. I had cleaned the house before she visited.
(I cleaned the house, and, by coincidence, she visited after I had cleaned)
3. Past Continuous
Formula: was / were + V-ing
Usage: we use the past progressive tense for an action that was in progress when a second past action took
place or when a second past action was also in progress)
Examples:
* When Jackie got there, Steve was waiting for her.
4. Past perfect Continuous:
Formula: had been + V-ing
Usage: we use past perfect progressive tense to show an action that was in progress for a known length of
time and was still in progress when some other actions occurred.
Examples:
* They had been cleaning the room for one hour already when I walked in.
GRAMMAR EXERCISE
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.
1. He didn’t go shopping because he (is / was) sick.

2. Mr. Lee (have sold / sold) his house two months ago.

3. I (took / was taking) a shower when the phone rang.

4. I (used to/ am use to) play in the park when I was young.

5. He (finished / finish) the work before I got there.

6. Shirley (had been waiting / waited) for twenty minutes when he arrived.

7. While I was talking on the phone, she (was reading / reads) magazines.

8. Jenny said she had already (return / returned) the movie.

9. He (borrowed / had borrowed) money form me three days ago.

10. He (had been waiting / waited) in the station since 2:00 when the train finally

arrived.
QUICK REACTION PRACTICE

1. To do homework
Simple past: I did homework last night.
Past Continuous: I was doing homework at 6:30 pm yesterday.
I was doing homework while she was watching TV.
I was doing homework when you came home.
Past perfect: I had done homework before you came home.
Past Perfect Continuous: I had been doing homework for 2 hours before you came home.
2. To review for the test
3. To work on the report
4. To revise the exercises
5. To practice the conversation
6. To try to finish the assignment
7. To write a thesis
8. To write an article for our school newspaper
9. To write a movie review in English
10. To brainstorm for an essay
QUICK REACTION TEST: 5 MINUTES
1. While Diana … … … her favorite TV show, there was a power – cut.
a. watched b. was watching
c. had been watching d. had watched

2. Christ … … … before Sheila got back.


a. worked b. was working
c. had been going d. had gone

3. I … … … some shopping yesterday when I saw your Dutch friend.


a. did b. was doing
c. had been doing d. had done

4. Laura missed the party because no one … … … her about it.


a. told b. was telling
c. had told d. had been telling

5. Tanya … … … to be a doctor when she was a child.


a. wanted b. was wanting
c. had wanted d. had been wanting

6. What exactly … … … you … … … for 45’ before I came in the office yesterday?
a. did / do b. were / doing
c. had / done d. had / been doing
QUICK REACTION TEST:
7. Who … … … the car at the time of the accident?
a. drove b. was driving
c. had driven d. had been driving

8. I … … … to get my car started for 30’ before a driver came and offered to help.
a. tried b. was trying
c. has tried d. had been trying

9. The police … … … to Claire’s house as fast as they could, but the burglars … … ….
a. got / had disappeared b. got / disappeared
c. was getting / was disappearing d. had got / disappeared

10. While I … … … a bath, someone knocked at the door.


a. had b. was having
c. had had d. had been having

11. … you … your grandparents last month?


a. Did / visit b. were / visiting
c. Had / visited d. had / been visiting

12. We … … … an accident when we … … … for the bus.


a. saw / waited b. saw / were waiting
c. had seen / were waiting d. were seeing / waited
CONVERSATION

Brian: Someone stole my wallet last night.

Kathy: Oh, no! What happened?

Brian: Well, I was working out, and I had put my stuff in

locker, just like I always do. When I came back,

someone had stolen my wallet. I guess I had

forgotten to lock the locker.

Kathy: That’s terrible! Did you lose much money?

Brian: Only about $15. But I lost my credit card and my

driver’s license. What a pain!

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