WORD FORM

Ex:
1. Confirm
- confirm (v) /kən'fɜrm/ :
- to state or show that something is definitely true or correct, especially by providing evidence.
Ex: Can you confirm what happened?
- confirmation (n) /kɑnfər'meɪʃən/
Ex: I'm still waiting for confirmation of the test results.

Unit 5
1. Mystery
- mystery (n ) /ˈmɪstri/
+ something that is difficult to understand or to explain
Ex: It is one of the great unsolved mysteries of this century.
-) Big/great/little mystery
-) Mystery about/to/as to
+ A person or thing that is strange and interesting because you do not know much about them or it
Ex: There was a mystery guest on the programme.
2. Romance
- romance ( n) /rəʊˈmæns/
+ An exciting, usually short, relationship between two people who are in love with each other
Ex: They had a whirlwind romance.

+ love or the feeling of being in love

Ex: Spring is here and romance is in the air.
+ a story about a love affair
Ex: She's a compulsive reader of romances.
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 -Romance (v) /rəʊˈmæns/
+ to tell stories that are not true or to describe something in a way that makes it seem more
exciting or interesting than it really is
Ex: Authors usually romance their characters’ love in novel.
. + to have or to try to have a romantic relationship with somebody

Ex: Jane try to romance with her lover

- Romance (adj) /rəʊˈmæns/

+ Of a language developed from Latin

Ex: French, Italian, and Spanish are all Romance languages.

3. Precision
- Precision (n ) /prɪˈsɪʒn/

+ the quality of being exact, accurate and careful

Ex: Her writing is imaginative but lacks precision.
- Precise ( adj) /prɪˈsaɪs/
+ clear and accurate = Exact
Ex: I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.
+ used to emphasize that something happens at a particular time or in a particular way
Ex: We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.
+ taking care to be exact and accurate, especially about small details = Meticulous

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- Precis (v) /ˈpreɪsiː/ to make a short version of a speech or a piece of writing that gives the main points or ideas
Ex: to precis a scientific report
4. Reinforce
- Reinforce (v) /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/
+ Reinforce something to make a feeling, an idea, etc. Stronger
Ex: The experience reinforced my sense of loss.
+ Reinforce something to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another material to
it
Ex: All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes.
+ Reinforce something to send more people or equipment in order to make an army, etc. Stronger
Ex: The UN has undertaken to reinforce its military presence along the borders.
- Reinforcement (N) /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsmənt/
+ Reinforcements [plural] extra soldiers or police officers who are sent to a place because more are
needed
Ex: Reinforcements arrived too late.
+ the act of making something stronger, especially a feeling or an idea
Ex: the reinforcement of existing prejudices by the media.
5. Prescribe
-Prescribe (v )/prɪˈskraɪb/
+ to tell somebody to take a particular medicine or have a particular treatment; to write a prescription for
a particular medicine, etc.
Ex: He may be able to prescribe you something for that cough.
+ (of a person or an organization with authority) to say what should be done or how something should be
done = Stipulate
Ex: The curriculum is rigidly prescribed from an early age.
- Prescription ( n ) /prɪˈskrɪpʃn/
+An official piece of paper on which a doctor writes the type of medicine you should have, and which
enables you to get it from a chemist's
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Ex: I just get a repeat prescription every week.
+ medicine that your doctor has ordered for you
Ex: The pharmacist will make up your prescription.

- Prescriptive (adj) /prɪˈskrɪptɪv/

+  telling people what should be done
Ex: prescriptive methods of teaching
+ telling people how a language should be used, rather than describing how it is used
Ex: a prescriptive grammar of English
6. Describe
- Describe (v ) /dɪˈskraɪb/
+ to say what somebody/something is like

+ describe something (formal or specialist) to make a movement that has a particular shape; to form a particular
shape
Ex: The shark described a circle around the shoal of fish.
- Description (n) /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/

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 + a piece of writing or speech that says what somebody/something is like; the act of writing or saying in words
what somebody/something is like
Ex:Follow the link below for a more detailed description.

7. Amuse
- Amuse (v) /əˈmjuːz/
+ make somebody laugh or smile
Ex: My funny drawings amused the kids.
+ make time pass pleasantly for somebody/yourself = Entertain
Ex:She suggested several ideas to help Laura amuse the twins.
- Amused (adj) /əˈmjuːzd/
+ thinking that somebody/something is funny, so that you smile or laugh
Ex: There was an amused look on the President's face.

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- Amusement (n) /əˈmjuːzmənt/
+ the feeling that you have when you enjoy something that is funny
Ex: She could not hide her amusement at the way he was dancing.
+ a game, an activity, etc. that provides entertainment and pleasure
Ex: She disapproved of popular amusements such as fairs.
+  the fact of being entertained by something
Ex: What do you do for amusement around here?
8. Exaggerate
- Exaggerate (v) /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/
+ to make something seem larger, better, worse or more important than it really is
Ex: The hotel was really filthy and I'm not exaggerating.
- Exaggerated (adj) /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪtɪd/
+ made to seem larger, better, worse or more important than it really is or needs to be
Ex: She has an exaggerated sense of her own importance.
+ done in a way that makes people notice it
Ex: He looked at me with exaggerated surprise.
- Exaggeration (n) /ɪɡˌzædʒəˈreɪʃn/
+ a statement or description that makes something seem larger, better, worse or more important than it
really is; the act of making a statement like this
Ex: It's no exaggeration to say that most students have never read a complete Shakespeare play.
Unit 6
9. Stable
- Stable (adj) ˈsteɪbl/
+ fixed or steady; not likely to move, change or fail = Steady
Ex: Cattle prices remain stable.
+ calm and reasonable; not easily upset = Balanced
Ex:He was not emotionally stable enough to think through his decision.
- Stable ( v) /ˈsteɪbl/
+ put or keep a horse in a stable
Ex: Where do you stable your pony?
- Stable (n)
+a building in which horses are kept
Ex: The horse was led back to its stable.

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 +  an organization that keeps horses for a particular purpose
Ex: His stables are near Oxford.
10. Impulse
- Impulse (n) /ˈɪmpʌls/
+  impulse (to do something) a sudden strong wish or need to do something, without stopping to think
about the results
Ex: He had a sudden impulse to stand up and sing.
+ a force or movement of energy that causes something else to react
Ex: The impulse is conducted along the length of the wire
11. Empathy
- Empathy (n) /ˈempəθi/
+ the ability to understand another person’s feelings, experience, etc.
Ex: the writer’s imaginative empathy with his subject

- Empathize (v) /ˈempəθaɪz/

+ empathize (with somebody/something) : understand another person’s feelings and experiences, especially
because you have been in a similar situation
Ex: A glamorous 20-year-old stylist is unlikely to empathize with a working mother of three.
12. Tend
- Tend (v) /tend/
+  to be likely to do something or to happen in a particular way because this is what often or usually
happens
Ex: People tend to be happier if they are in a long-term relationship.
+  tend (to/towards something) to take a particular direction or often have a particular quality
Ex: Prices have tended downwards over recent years.
+  care for somebody/something
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Ex: Doctors and nurses tended the injured.
- Tendency (n) /ˈtendənsi/
+  if somebody/something has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular way
Ex:This material has a tendency to shrink when washed.
+ a new custom that is starting to develop = Trend

13. Pretend
- Pretend (v) /prɪˈtend/
+  to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe something that is not true
Ex: I'm tired of having to pretend all the time.
+  imagine that something is true as part of a game
Ex: They didn't have any real money so they had to pretend.
14. Extend
- Extend (v) /ɪkˈstend/
+ make something longer or larger
Ex: There are plans to extend the children's play area.
+ make something last longer
Ex: Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car.
+ make a business, an idea, an influence, etc. cover more areas or operate in more places
Ex: The school is extending the range of subjects taught.
- Extended (adj) /ɪkˈstendɪd/
+ long or longer than usual or expected
15. Gift
- Gifted (adj)/ ˈɡɪftɪd/
+ having a lot of natural ability or intelligence
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Ex: a gifted musician/player
+gifted with something having something pleasant
16. Intensify
-Intensify (v) /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/
+ to increase in degree or strength; to make something increase in degree or strength = Heighten
- Intensity (n) /ɪnˈtensəti/
+the state or quality of being intense
Ex: He was watching her with an intensity that was unnerving.
+ the strength of something, for example light, that can be measured
Ex: varying intensities of natural light
- Intensive (adj) /ɪnˈtensɪv/
+ involving a lot of work or activity done in a short time
Ex: highly intensive courses for business and professional people
+ complete and extremely detailed; done with a lot of care
Ex: His disappearance has been the subject of intensive investigation.
17. Accept
- Accept (v) /əkˈsept/
+ take willingly something that is offered; to say ‘yes’ to an offer, invitation, etc.
Ex:He asked me to marry him and I accepted.
+ agree to or approve of something
+accept something to take payment in a particular form
- Acceptable (adj) /əkˈseptəbl/
+ agreed or approved of by most people in a society
+that somebody agrees is of a good enough standard or allowed
18. Receive
- Receive /rɪˈsiːv/
+ get or accept something that is sent or given to you
Ex: I was delighted to receive your letter.
+ experience or be given a particular type of treatment or attention
+form an idea or impression of somebody/something as a result of what you see, experience, etc.
-Receivable (adj) : (of bills, accounts, etc.) for which money has not yet been received
19. Anticipate
- Anticipate (v) /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
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 + Expect something
+see what might happen in the future and take action to prepare for it
Ex: We need someone who can anticipate and respond to changes in the fashion industry.
+ anticipate somebody (doing something) : to do something before it can be done by somebody else
= Forestall
Ex:When Scott reached the South Pole he found that Amundsen had anticipated him.
- Anticipation (n) /ænˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn
+ the fact of seeing that something might happen in the future and perhaps doing something about it now
Ex: He bought extra food in anticipation or more people coming than he'd invited.
+ a feeling of excitement about something (usually something good) that is going to happen
Ex: The courtroom was filled with anticipation.

20. Intercept
- Intercept (v) stop somebody/something that is going from one place to another from arriving
Ex: Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave the hotel.
- Interception (n) /ˌɪntəˈsepʃn/
+ the act of stopping somebody/something that is going from one place to another from arriving
Ex: the interception of enemy radio signals
- Interceptor (n) /ˌɪntəˈseptə/
+ a fast military plane that attacks enemy planes that are carrying bombs

WORD FORM
1. Mortal
- Mortal (adj) /ˈmɔːtl/
+ That cannot live forever and must die

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Ex: We are all mortal.
+ Causing death or likely to cause death; very serious
Ex: Her reputation suffered a mortal blow as a result of the scandal.
+  Lasting until death
Ex: They were locked in mortal combat 
- Mortal (n) /ˈmɔːtl/
+ a human, especially an ordinary person with little power or influence = Human being
Ex: Such things are not for mere mortals like ourselves.
- Mortality /mɔːˈtæləti/
+ [uncountable] the state of being human and not living forever
Ex: After her mother's death, she became acutely aware of her own mortality.
+ [uncountable] the number of deaths in a particular situation or period of time
Ex: Mortality from lung cancer is still increasing
- Mortally /ˈmɔːtəli/
+ causing or resulting in death/ extremely
Ex: - Mortally wounded/ill
- Mortally afraid/offended
- Immortal /ɪˈmɔːtl/
+ That lives or lasts forever
Ex: In the poem, Satan vows revenge and immortal hate.
+famous and likely to be remembered forever
Ex:In the immortal words of Henry Ford, ‘If it ain't broke, don't fix it.’
2. Valid
- Valid (a) /ˈvælɪd/
+ that is legally or officially acceptable
Ex: He bought a bus pass valid for one month.
+ based on what is logical or true
Ex: he point you make is perfectly valid.
+ that is accepted by the system
Ex: a valid password
- Validate (v) /ˈvælɪdeɪt/
+ prove that something is true
Ex: The research findings do not validate the claims made by the manufacturer.

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 + make something legally recognized
Ex: validate a contract
+ recognize the value of a person or their feelings or opinions; to make somebody feel valued
Ex: Be sure to validate your child's feelings—don't minimize them.
- Validation (n) /ˌvælɪˈdeɪʃn/
+ [uncountable, countable] the act of proving that something is true or correct
Ex: There must be some form of external validation of the data.
+ [uncountable, countable] the act of making something legally recognized
Ex: validation of web service contracts
+[uncountable, countable] the act of stating officially that something is useful and of an acceptable
standard
Ex: an agreement on the validation of the institution's degree courses
- Validity (n) /vəˈlɪdəti/

+ the state of being legally or officially acceptable

Ex: The period of validity of the agreement has expired.
+  the state of being logical and true
Ex: We had doubts about the validity of their argument.
3. Eliminate
- Eliminate (v) /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/
+ remove or get rid of something
Ex: Credit cards eliminate the need to carry a lot of cash.
-) Eliminate something from something
+ stop considering that somebody/something might be responsible for something or chosen for something
Ex:  The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation.
+ [usually passive] to defeat a person or a team so that they no longer take part in a competition, etc
= Knock out
Ex: All the English teams were eliminated in the early stages of the competition.
+ kill somebody, especially an enemy or opponent
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Ex: Most of the regime's left-wing opponents were eliminated.
- Elimation (n) /ɪˌlɪmɪˈneɪʃn/
+ [uncountable] the process of removing or getting rid of something completely
Ex: - Elimination (of something) the elimination of disease/poverty/crime
  - Elimination (of something) from something the elimination of toxins from the body
+ [countable, uncountable] the act or process of defeating a person or a team so that they no longer take
part in a competition, etc.
Ex: -There were three eliminations in the first round of the competition.
  -Elimination (of something/somebody) (from something) -)  A 1–1 draw confirmed their elimination from
the tournament.

4. Ambiguity
- Ambiguity (n) /ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːəti/
+[uncountable] the state of having more than one possible meaning
Ex: Write clear definitions in order to avoid ambiguity.
+  the state of being difficult to understand or explain because of involving many different aspects
Ex: You must understand the ambiguity of my position.
- Ambiguous (a) /æmˈbɪɡjuəs/
+ that can be understood in more than one way; having different meanings
Ex: an ambiguous word/term/statement
+ not clearly stated or defined
Ex: His role has always been ambiguous.
5. Attribute
- Attribute (v) /əˈtrɪbjuːt/
+ attribute something to something to say or believe that something is the result of a particular thing
Ex: She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
+ attribute something to somebody to say or believe that somebody is responsible for doing something,
especially for saying, writing or painting something
Ex: This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.
+ Regard a quality or feature as belonging to somebody/something
Ex: The committee refused to attribute blame without further information.

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- Attribute (n) /ˈætrɪbjuːt/
+ a quality or feature of somebody/something
Ex: Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
- Attribution (n) /ˌætrɪˈbjuːʃn/
+ [uncountable] attribution (of something) (to something) the act of saying or believing that something
is the result of a particular thing
Ex: incorrect attribution of the cause of death
+ [uncountable, countable] attribution (of something) (to somebody) the act of saying or believing that
somebody is responsible for doing something, especially for saying, writing or painting something
Ex: The attribution of this painting to Rembrandt has never been questioned.
+ [uncountable, countable] the act of regarding a quality or feature as belonging to somebody/something
Ex: the attribution of legal responsiblity

6. Insist
- Insist (v) /ɪnˈsɪst/
+ demand that something happen or that somebody agree to do something
Ex: I didn't really want to go but he insisted.
+  state clearly that something is true, especially when other people do not believe you
Ex: He insisted on his innocence.

- Insistent (a) /ɪnˈsɪstənt/

+ demanding something and refusing to accept any opposition or excuses
Ex: She didn't want to go but her brother was insistent.
+ continuing for a long period of time in a way that cannot be ignored
Ex: Insistent demands
- Insistence (n) /ɪnˈsɪstəns/
+ an act of demanding or saying something clearly and refusing to accept any opposition or excuses
Ex: - At somebody's insistence At her insistence, the matter was dropped.

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 - insistence on/upon (doing) something their insistence on strict standards of behaviour
 - insistence that… No one was convinced by his insistence that he was not to blame.
7. Consistency
- Consistency (n) /kənˈsɪstənsi/
+ the quality of always behaving in the same way or of having the same opinions, standard, etc.; the
quality of being consistent
Ex: She has played with great consistency all season.
+ [countable, uncountable] the consistency of a mixture or a liquid substance is how thick, smooth, etc. it
is
Ex: Beat the ingredients together to a creamy consistency.
- Consistent (a) /kənˈsɪstənt/
+always behaving in the same way, or having the same opinions, standards, etc.
Ex: -a consistent approach to the problem
- consistent in something She's not very consistent in the way she treats her children.
  - consistent in doing something We must be consistent in applying the rules.
+ happening in the same way and continuing for a period of time
Ex: We have had enough of the party's consistent failure to come up with any new policies.
+ consistent with something in agreement with something; not contradicting something
Ex: The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.
8. Substitute
- Substitute (n) /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/
+ a person or thing that you use or have instead of the one you normally use or have
-) substitute for somebody/something Paul's father only saw him as a substitute for his dead brother.persist
+ a player who replaces another player in a sports game
Ex: He was brought on as (a) substitute after half-time.
- Substitute (v) /ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/
+ to take the place of somebody/something else; to use somebody/something instead of somebody/something else
Ex: Substitute for somebody/something.  Nothing can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you.
- Substitution (n) /ˌsʌbstɪˈtjuːʃn/
+ an act of using one person or thing in the place of another
Ex : Two substitutions were made during the game.
-Substitution of A for B -) the substitution of low-fat spreads for butter
-Substitution of B with A -) the substitution of butter with low-fat spreads
9. Superstition
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- Superstition (n) /ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃn/
+ the belief that particular events happen in a way that cannot be explained by reason or science; the
belief that particular events bring good or bad luck
Ex: According to superstition, breaking a mirror brings bad luck.
- Superstitious (a) /ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃəs/
+ believing in superstitions
Ex: - Superstitious beliefs
-I'm superstitious about the number 13.
10. Disrupt
- Disrupt (v) /dɪsˈrʌpt/
+ make it difficult for something to continue in the normal way
Ex: Demonstrators succeeded in disrupting the meeting.
-Bus services will be disrupted tomorrow because of the bridge closure.

- Disruption (n) /dɪsˈrʌpʃn/

+ disruption (to somebody/something) a situation in which it is difficult for something to continue in the normal
way; the act of stopping something from continuing in the normal way
Ex: We aim to help you move house with minimum disruption to yourself.
- Disruptive (a) /dɪsˈrʌptɪv/
+ causing problems, noise, etc. so that something cannot continue normally
Ex: She had a disruptive influence on the rest of the class.
+ new and original, in a way that causes major changes to how something is done
Ex: Printing in 3D is a disruptive technology which may transform manufacturing.
11. Corrupt
- Corrupt (a) /kəˈrʌpt/
+ willing to use their power to do dishonest or illegal things in return for money or to get an advantage
Ex: It was seen as the only way to overthrow a corrupt regime.
+ not honest or moral

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Ex: They had been engaged in corrupt practices.
- Corrupt (v) /kəˈrʌpt/
+ corrupt (somebody) to have a bad effect on somebody and make them behave in a way that is not
honest or moral
Ex He was corrupted by power and ambition
+ [transitive, often passive] corrupt something to change the original form of something, so that it is
damaged or made less good in some way
Ex: a corrupted form of Buddhism
+ [transitive, intransitive] corrupt (something) (computing) to cause mistakes to appear in a computer
file, etc. with the result that the information in it is no longer correct; (of a computer file, etc.) to start containing
mistakes
Ex: The program has somehow corrupted the system files.
- Corruptible (a) /kəˈrʌptəbl/
+ able to be made to do something dishonest or immoral:
Ex: Some people have more confidence in women because they feel they are less corruptible.
- Corruption (n) /kəˈrʌpʃn/
+ [uncountable] dishonest or illegal behaviour, especially of people in authority
Ex: allegations of bribery and corruption
+  [uncountable] the act or effect of making somebody change from moral to immoral standards of
behaviour
Ex: He claimed that sex and violence on TV led to the corruption of young people.
- Incorruptible (a) /ˌɪnkəˈrʌptəbl/
+ not able to be persuaded to do something wrong or dishonest, even if somebody offers them money
Ex: Bribery won’t work with him. He’s incorruptible.
12. Reside
- Reside (v) /rɪˈzaɪd/
+ to live in a particular place
Ex: He returned to Britain in 1939, having resided abroad for many years.
- Residence (n) /ˈrezɪdəns/
+ [countable] a house, especially a large or impressive one
Ex: a desirable family residence for sale (= for example, in an advertisement)
-10 Downing Street is the British Prime Minister’s official residence.
+  [uncountable] the state of living in a particular place
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Ex: They were not able to take up residence in their new home until the spring.
- Residency (n) /ˈrezɪdənsi/
+  [uncountable] permission to live in a country that is not your own
Ex: She has been granted permanent residency in Britain.
+ [uncountable, countable] the period of time that an artist, a writer or a musician spends working for a
particular institution
13. Vacant
- Vacant (a) /ˈveɪkənt/
+ (of a seat, hotel room, house, etc.) empty; not being used = Unoccupied
Ex: There are very few vacant properties available in the area.
+  if a job in a company is vacant, nobody is doing it and it is available for somebody to take
Ex: When the post finally fell (= became) vacant, they offered it to Fiona.
+ (of a look, an expression, etc.) showing no sign that the person is thinking of anything
Ex: a vacant look
- Vacancy (n) /ˈveɪkənsi/
+ [countable] a job that is available for somebody to do
Ex: - job vacancies
-  vacancy (for somebody/something) vacancies for bar staff
- fill a vacancy
-There’s a vacancy in the accounts department.
+[countable] a room that is available in a hotel, etc.
Ex: I'm sorry, we have no vacancies.
14. Avoidable
- Avoidable (a) /əˈvɔɪdəbl/
+ that can be prevented
Ex: Many deaths from heart disease are actually avoidable.
- Avoidance (n) /əˈvɔɪdəns/
+ avoidance (of something) not doing something; preventing something from existing or happening
Ex: A person's health improves with the avoidance of stress.
- Unavoidable (a) /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl/
+ impossible to avoid or prevent
Ex: Unavoidable delays
- Recession at the time seemed unavoidable
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 15. Humiliate
- Humiliate (v) /hjuːˈmɪlieɪt/
+ humiliate somebody/yourself/something to make somebody feel ashamed or stupid and lose the
respect of other people
Ex: I didn't want to humiliate her in front of her colleagues.
- Humiliating (a) /hjuːˈmɪlieɪtɪŋ/
+ making somebody feel ashamed or stupid and lose the respect of other people
Ex: a humiliating defeat
- Humiliation (n) /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃn/
+ a feeling of being ashamed or stupid and having lost the respect of other people; the act of making
somebody feel like this
Ex: She suffered the humiliation of being criticized in public.
- Humility (n) /hjuːˈmɪləti/
+ the quality of not thinking that you are better than other people; the quality of being humble
Ex: Her first defeat was an early lesson in humility.
16. Transmit
- Transmit (v) /trænzˈmɪt/
+ send an electronic signal, radio or television broadcast, etc.
Ex: Signals transmitted from a satellite
+ pass something from one person to another = Transfer
Ex:  Transmit something -) sexually transmitted diseases
  -Transmit something to somebody -) Parents can unwittingly transmit their own fears to their children
- Transmission (n) /trænzˈmɪʃn/
+ [uncountable] the act or process of passing something from one person, place or thing to another
Ex: the transmission of the disease
+ [uncountable] the act or process of sending out an electronic signal or message or of broadcasting a radio or
television programme
Ex: The transmission of computer data along telephone lines
17. Emit
- Emit (v) /iˈmɪt/
+ send out something such as light, heat, sound, gas, etc.
Ex: The metal container began to emit a clicking sound.
- Emission (n)/ɪˈmɪʃn/

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 +  [uncountable] (formal) the production or sending out of light, heat, gas, etc.
Ex: The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
+  [countable] gas, etc. that is sent out into the air
Ex: The government has pledged to clean up industrial emissions.

18. Admit
- Admit (v) /ədˈmɪt/
+ [intransitive, transitive] to agree, often unwillingly, that something is true = Confess
Ex: It was a stupid thing to do, I admit.
  admit to something Don't be afraid to admit to your mistakes.
  admit to doing something  She admits to being strict with her children.

  admit something He  admitted all his  mistake

+[intransitive, transitive] to say that you have done something wrong or illegal

Ex: The hospital has admitted liability for the accident.

- Admission (n) /ədˈmɪʃn/
+ the act of accepting somebody into an institution, organization, etc.; the right to enter a place or to join
an institution or organization
Ex: Hospital admission is not necessary in most cases.
+[countable] a statement in which somebody admits that something is true, especially something wrong
or bad that they have done
Ex: He is a thief by his own admission
 admission of something an admission of guilt/failure/defeat
  admission that… The minister's resignation was an admission that she had lied.

+ [uncountable] the amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an event

Ex: admission charges/prices

19. Submit

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- Submit (v) /səbˈmɪt/
+  [transitive] to give a document, proposal, etc. to somebody in authority so that they can study or consider it

  submit something to submit an application/a claim/a proposal

 Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.

  submit something to somebody/something She submitted her report to the committee.

 Articles should be submitted electronically as email attachments

+ [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to accept the authority, control or greater strength of somebody/something;

to agree to something because of this

  submit to somebody/something -)  She refused to submit to threats.

  submit yourself to somebody/something -) He submitted himself to a search by the guards.

- Submission (n) /səbˈmɪʃn/

+ [uncountable] the act of accepting that somebody has defeated you and that you must obey them

Ex:- beat/force/starve somebody into submission

-His response was one of resistance, not submission.

+ [uncountable, countable] the act of giving a document, proposal, etc. to somebody in authority so that they can
study or consider it; the document, etc. that you give

Ex: When is the final date for the submission of proposals?

20. Permit
- Permit (v) /pəˈmɪt/
+ [transitive, often passive] to allow somebody to do something or to allow something to happen
 Ex:  be permitted Mobile phones are not permitted in the examination room.
  be permitted something  We were not permitted any contact with each other.

  be permitted to do something Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.

  permit something  The owners have been unwilling to permit the use of their land.

 There are fines for exceeding permitted levels of noise pollution.

+ make something possible

Ex: We hope to visit the cathedral, if time permits.

- Permission /pəˈmɪʃn/

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 + [uncountable] the act of allowing somebody to do something, especially when this is done by somebody in a
position of authority

Ex: - Permission for something You must ask permission for all major expenditure.

- Permission to do something After much persuasion, permission was granted to speak to the refugees at the camp.

+ [countable, usually plural] an official written statement allowing somebody to do something

Ex: The publisher is responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions to reproduce illustrations.

21. Mystery
- mystery (n ) /ˈmɪstri/
+ something that is difficult to understand or to explain
Ex: It is one of the great unsolved mysteries of this century.
-) Big/great/little mystery
-) Mystery about/to/as to
+ A person or thing that is strange and interesting because you do not know much about them or it
Ex: There was a mystery guest on the programme.
22. Romance
- romance ( n) /rəʊˈmæns/
+ An exciting, usually short, relationship between two people who are in love with each other
Ex: They had a whirlwind romance.

+ love or the feeling of being in love

Ex: Spring is here and romance is in the air.

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 + a story about a love affair
Ex: She's a compulsive reader of romances.
-Romance (v) /rəʊˈmæns/
+ to tell stories that are not true or to describe something in a way that makes it seem more
exciting or interesting than it really is
Ex: Authors usually romance their characters’ love in novel.
. + to have or to try to have a romantic relationship with somebody

Ex: Jane try to romance with her lover

- Romance (adj) /rəʊˈmæns/

+ Of a language developed from Latin

Ex: French, Italian, and Spanish are all Romance languages.

23. Precision
- Precision (n ) /prɪˈsɪʒn/

+ the quality of being exact, accurate and careful

Ex: Her writing is imaginative but lacks precision.
- Precise ( adj) /prɪˈsaɪs/
+ clear and accurate = Exact
Ex: I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.
+ used to emphasize that something happens at a particular time or in a particular way
Ex: We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.
+ taking care to be exact and accurate, especially about small details = Meticulous

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- Precis (v) /ˈpreɪsiː/ to make a short version of a speech or a piece of writing that gives the main points or ideas
Ex: to precis a scientific report
24. Reinforce
- Reinforce (v) /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/
+ Reinforce something to make a feeling, an idea, etc. Stronger
Ex: The experience reinforced my sense of loss.
+ Reinforce something to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another material to
it
Ex: All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes.
+ Reinforce something to send more people or equipment in order to make an army, etc. Stronger
Ex: The UN has undertaken to reinforce its military presence along the borders.
- Reinforcement (N) /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsmənt/
+ Reinforcements [plural] extra soldiers or police officers who are sent to a place because more are
needed
Ex: Reinforcements arrived too late.
+ the act of making something stronger, especially a feeling or an idea
Ex: the reinforcement of existing prejudices by the media.
25. Prescribe
-Prescribe (v )/prɪˈskraɪb/
+ to tell somebody to take a particular medicine or have a particular treatment; to write a prescription for
a particular medicine, etc.
Ex: He may be able to prescribe you something for that cough.
+ (of a person or an organization with authority) to say what should be done or how something should be
done = Stipulate
Ex: The curriculum is rigidly prescribed from an early age.
- Prescription ( n ) /prɪˈskrɪpʃn/
+An official piece of paper on which a doctor writes the type of medicine you should have, and which
enables you to get it from a chemist's
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Ex: I just get a repeat prescription every week.
+ medicine that your doctor has ordered for you
Ex: The pharmacist will make up your prescription.

- Prescriptive (adj) /prɪˈskrɪptɪv/

+  telling people what should be done
Ex: prescriptive methods of teaching
+ telling people how a language should be used, rather than describing how it is used
Ex: a prescriptive grammar of English
26. Describe
- Describe (v ) /dɪˈskraɪb/
+ to say what somebody/something is like

+ describe something (formal or specialist) to make a movement that has a particular shape; to form a particular
shape
Ex: The shark described a circle around the shoal of fish.
- Description (n) /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/

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 + a piece of writing or speech that says what somebody/something is like; the act of writing or saying in words
what somebody/something is like
Ex:Follow the link below for a more detailed description.

27. Amuse
- Amuse (v) /əˈmjuːz/
+ make somebody laugh or smile
Ex: My funny drawings amused the kids.
+ make time pass pleasantly for somebody/yourself = Entertain
Ex:She suggested several ideas to help Laura amuse the twins.
- Amused (adj) /əˈmjuːzd/
+ thinking that somebody/something is funny, so that you smile or laugh
Ex: There was an amused look on the President's face.

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- Amusement (n) /əˈmjuːzmənt/
+ the feeling that you have when you enjoy something that is funny
Ex: She could not hide her amusement at the way he was dancing.
+ a game, an activity, etc. that provides entertainment and pleasure
Ex: She disapproved of popular amusements such as fairs.
+  the fact of being entertained by something
Ex: What do you do for amusement around here?
28. Exaggerate
- Exaggerate (v) /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/
+ to make something seem larger, better, worse or more important than it really is
Ex: The hotel was really filthy and I'm not exaggerating.
- Exaggerated (adj) /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪtɪd/
+ made to seem larger, better, worse or more important than it really is or needs to be
Ex: She has an exaggerated sense of her own importance.
+ done in a way that makes people notice it
Ex: He looked at me with exaggerated surprise.
- Exaggeration (n) /ɪɡˌzædʒəˈreɪʃn/
+ a statement or description that makes something seem larger, better, worse or more important than it
really is; the act of making a statement like this
Ex: It's no exaggeration to say that most students have never read a complete Shakespeare play.
Unit 6
29. Stable
- Stable (adj) ˈsteɪbl/
+ fixed or steady; not likely to move, change or fail = Steady
Ex: Cattle prices remain stable.
+ calm and reasonable; not easily upset = Balanced
Ex:He was not emotionally stable enough to think through his decision.
- Stable ( v) /ˈsteɪbl/
+ put or keep a horse in a stable
Ex: Where do you stable your pony?
- Stable (n)
+a building in which horses are kept
Ex: The horse was led back to its stable.

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 +  an organization that keeps horses for a particular purpose
Ex: His stables are near Oxford.
30. Impulse
- Impulse (n) /ˈɪmpʌls/
+  impulse (to do something) a sudden strong wish or need to do something, without stopping to think
about the results
Ex: He had a sudden impulse to stand up and sing.
+ a force or movement of energy that causes something else to react
Ex: The impulse is conducted along the length of the wire
31. Empathy
- Empathy (n) /ˈempəθi/
+ the ability to understand another person’s feelings, experience, etc.
Ex: the writer’s imaginative empathy with his subject

- Empathize (v) /ˈempəθaɪz/

+ empathize (with somebody/something) : understand another person’s feelings and experiences, especially
because you have been in a similar situation
Ex: A glamorous 20-year-old stylist is unlikely to empathize with a working mother of three.
32. Tend
- Tend (v) /tend/
+  to be likely to do something or to happen in a particular way because this is what often or usually
happens
Ex: People tend to be happier if they are in a long-term relationship.
+  tend (to/towards something) to take a particular direction or often have a particular quality
Ex: Prices have tended downwards over recent years.
+  care for somebody/something
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Ex: Doctors and nurses tended the injured.
- Tendency (n) /ˈtendənsi/
+  if somebody/something has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular way
Ex:This material has a tendency to shrink when washed.
+ a new custom that is starting to develop = Trend

33. Pretend
- Pretend (v) /prɪˈtend/
+  to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe something that is not true
Ex: I'm tired of having to pretend all the time.
+  imagine that something is true as part of a game
Ex: They didn't have any real money so they had to pretend.
34. Extend
- Extend (v) /ɪkˈstend/
+ make something longer or larger
Ex: There are plans to extend the children's play area.
+ make something last longer
Ex: Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car.
+ make a business, an idea, an influence, etc. cover more areas or operate in more places
Ex: The school is extending the range of subjects taught.
- Extended (adj) /ɪkˈstendɪd/
+ long or longer than usual or expected
35. Gift
- Gifted (adj)/ ˈɡɪftɪd/
+ having a lot of natural ability or intelligence
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Ex: a gifted musician/player
+gifted with something having something pleasant
36. Intensify
-Intensify (v) /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/
+ to increase in degree or strength; to make something increase in degree or strength = Heighten
- Intensity (n) /ɪnˈtensəti/
+the state or quality of being intense
Ex: He was watching her with an intensity that was unnerving.
+ the strength of something, for example light, that can be measured
Ex: varying intensities of natural light
- Intensive (adj) /ɪnˈtensɪv/
+ involving a lot of work or activity done in a short time
Ex: highly intensive courses for business and professional people
+ complete and extremely detailed; done with a lot of care
Ex: His disappearance has been the subject of intensive investigation.
37. Accept
- Accept (v) /əkˈsept/
+ take willingly something that is offered; to say ‘yes’ to an offer, invitation, etc.
Ex:He asked me to marry him and I accepted.
+ agree to or approve of something
+accept something to take payment in a particular form
- Acceptable (adj) /əkˈseptəbl/
+ agreed or approved of by most people in a society
+that somebody agrees is of a good enough standard or allowed
38. Receive
- Receive /rɪˈsiːv/
+ get or accept something that is sent or given to you
Ex: I was delighted to receive your letter.
+ experience or be given a particular type of treatment or attention
+form an idea or impression of somebody/something as a result of what you see, experience, etc.
-Receivable (adj) : (of bills, accounts, etc.) for which money has not yet been received
39. Anticipate
- Anticipate (v) /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
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 + Expect something
+see what might happen in the future and take action to prepare for it
Ex: We need someone who can anticipate and respond to changes in the fashion industry.
+ anticipate somebody (doing something) : to do something before it can be done by somebody else
= Forestall
Ex:When Scott reached the South Pole he found that Amundsen had anticipated him.
- Anticipation (n) /ænˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn
+ the fact of seeing that something might happen in the future and perhaps doing something about it now
Ex: He bought extra food in anticipation or more people coming than he'd invited.
+ a feeling of excitement about something (usually something good) that is going to happen
Ex: The courtroom was filled with anticipation.

40. Intercept
- Intercept (v) stop somebody/something that is going from one place to another from arriving
Ex: Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave the hotel.
- Interception (n) /ˌɪntəˈsepʃn/
+ the act of stopping somebody/something that is going from one place to another from arriving
Ex: the interception of enemy radio signals
- Interceptor (n) /ˌɪntəˈseptə/
+ a fast military plane that attacks enemy planes that are carrying bombs

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