PAN3401

PAN3401 PS/2 OPTICAL MOUSE SINGLE CHIP

General Description
The PAN3401 is a CMOS process optical mouse sensor single chip with PS/2 interface that serves as a non-
mechanical motion estimation engine for implementing a computer mouse.

Features Key Specification

‰ Single 5.0 volt power supply
Wide operating supply range
‰ Compatible with Microsoft® Intelli 3D PS/2 Power Supply 4.4V ~ 5.5V
and IBM® PS/2 mouse
‰ Precise optical motion estimation technology Interface PS/2
‰ Complete 2-D motion sensor
Optical Lens 1:1
‰ No mechanical parts
Speed 28 inches/sec
‰ Accurate motion estimation over a wide
range of surfaces
Acceleration 20g
‰ High speed motion detection up to 28
inches/sec Resolution 400/800/1000 CPI
‰ High resolution up to 1000 CPI
Frame Rate 3000 frames/sec
‰ Power saving mode during times of no
movement Operating 12 mA @Mouse moving (Normal)
‰ Support three buttons (R, M, L) and three Current 5 mA @Mouse not moving (Sleep)
axes (X, Y, Z)
Package Shrunk DIP12
‰ Z axis support mechanical input
‰ Internal ± 10% accurate oscillator, external
crystal-less

Ordering Information
Part Number CPI

PAN3401DK 800
PAN3401DK-TD 400
PAN3401DK-TJ 1000

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PAN3401 PS/2 Optical Mouse Single Chip

1. Pin Configuration
1.1 Pin Description
Pin # Name Type Definition
1 BL IN Button left key input, internal pull-up 50K ohm, press connect to low
2 LED OUT LED control
3 OSC_RES IN Connect to resistor input
4 VSS GND Chip ground
5 VDD5V PWR Chip power VDD, 5.0V
6 VREF BYPASS Analog voltage reference
7 CLOCK I/O PS/2 mouse clock line
8 DATA I/O PS/2 mouse data line
9 BR IN Button right key input, internal pull-up 50K ohm, press connect to low
10 BM IN Button middle key input, internal pull-up 50K ohm, press connect to low
11 Z2 IN Z axis, support mechanical scroller input, internal pull-down 50K ohm
12 Z1 IN Z axis, support mechanical scroller input, internal pull-down 50K ohm

1.2 Pin Assignment

LB RB
1 12

2 11

3 10
1 12
4 9
+Y

5 8
6 7
6 7

+X

Figure 1. Top View Pinout Figure 2. Top View of Mouse

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2. Block Diagram and Operation

LED POWER ON
LED
DRIVE RESET VDD
CMOS IMAGE 5V POWER

COUNTER

AND POWER CONTROL

VOLTAGE REGULATOR
SENSOR VSS

Z-AXIS
WHEEL Z1
Z2 DEBOUNCE

BL DIGITAL
VREF VOLTAGE
BUTTON SIGNAL REFERENCE
BM
PROCESSOR
BR

PS/2
CLOCK INTERNAL
INTERFACE DATA PS/2 MOUSE CONTROLLER OSC_RES
OSCILLATOR

Figure 3. Block Diagram

The PAN3401 is a CMOS process optical mouse sensor single chip with PS/2 interface that serves as a non-
mechanical motion estimation engine for implementing a computer mouse. It is based on new optical navigation
technology, which measures changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images (frames) and
mathematically determining the direction and magnitude of movement. The sensor is in a 12-pin optical package
and comes with the resolution of 400/800/1000 counts per inch (CPI) and the rate of motion up to 28 inches per
second. It is also featured crystal-less (Internal ± 10% accurate oscillator) to save customer’s BOM cost. The
PAN3401 includes PS/2 interface so that no mouse controller is needed to interface through PS/2. The PAN3401
can receive command and echo status or data format which are compatible with IBM® PS/2 mouse and
Microsoft® 3D PS/2 mouse.

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3. Specifications
3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Exposure to absolute maximum rating may affect device reliability.

Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit Notes

TSTG Storage Temperature -40 85 °C
TA Operating Temperature -15 55 °C
Lead Solder Temp 260 °C For 10 seconds, 1.6mm below seating plane.
All pins, human body model MIL 883 Method
ESD 2 kV
3015
VDC DC Supply Voltage -0.5 5.5 V
VIN DC Input Voltage -0.5 5.5 V All I/O pin

3.2 Recommend Operating Condition

Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Notes
TA Operating Temperature 0 40 °C
VDD Power Supply Voltage 4.4 5.0 5.5 V
VN Supply Noise 100 mV Peak to peak within 0 - 80 MHz
Distance from Lens
Z Reference Plane to 2.3 2.4 2.5 mm
Surface
R Resolution 800 1000 CPI
A Acceleration 20 g
FR Frame Rate 3000 frames/s
28 inches/sec @400CPI
16 inches/sec @800CPI
S Speed 0 28 inches/sec
13 inches/sec @1000CPI
*Base on data rate : 100 report/sec

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3.3 AC Operating Condition

Electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions. Typical values at 25 °C, VDD = 5.0 V.

Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Unit Notes

Tmca Mouse CLK Active Time - 40 - us
Tmci Mouse CLK Inactive Time - 40 - us
Tmdc Time that Mouse Sample DATA from CLK Rising Edge - 14 - us
Tsca System CLK Active Time - 40 - us Refer to Figure 7,8
Tsci System CLK Inactive Time - 40 - us
Tsdc Time from DATA Transition to Falling Edge of CLK - 12 - us
Tscd Time from Rising Edge of CLK to DATA Transition - 28 - us

3.4 DC Electrical Characteristics

Electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions. Typical values at 25 °C, VDD = 5.0 V.
Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Notes
Type: PWR
Supply Current
IDD - 12 - mA
Mouse Moving (Normal)
Supply Current
IDD - 5 - mA
Mouse not Moving (Sleep)
Type: BL, BM, BR
RPH Internal Pull-up Resistance - 50 - Kohm
Type: Z1, Z2
RPD Internal Pull-down Resistance - 50 - Kohm
Type: BL, BM, BR, Z1, Z2
VIH Input High Voltage 2.0 - - V
VIL Input Low Voltage - - 0.8 V
Type: CLOCK, DATA
RPH Internal Pull-up Resistance - 5 - Kohm
VOL Output Low Voltage - - 0.6 V IOL= 10mA
IOH Output Pull-up Current - 700 - uA VOH = 2.0V
Type: LED
VOL Output Voltage Low - - 360 mV I OL = 25mA

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4. Z and 2D/3D Assembly

Package Lid

Lens

OBJECT SURFACE
Figure 4. Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Surface

ESD LENS RING BASE PLATE

Figure 5. 2D Assembly

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Figure 6. 3D Assembly for Mounting Instructions

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5. PS/2 Command Set Description

There are 16 valid commands that transmit between the system and The PAN3401. All other commands will
cause an FE (Resend) response from the PAN3401. A second invalid command will cause an FC (error) response
from the PAN3401.

5.1 PS/2 Command Set

Hex Code Command Response
FF Reset FA, AA, 00
FE Resend XX, (XX, XX)
F6 Set Default FA
F5 Disable FA
F4 Enable FA
F3, XX Set Sampling Rate FA, FA
F2 Read Device Type FA, 00
F0 Set Remote Mode FA
EE Set Wrap Mode FA
EC Reset Wrap Mode FA
EB Read Data FA, XX, XX, XX
EA Set Stream Mode FA
E9 Status Request FA, XX, XX, XX
E8, XX Set Resolution FA, FA
E7 Set Scaling 2:1 FA
E6 Reset Scaling FA

5.2 Set Sampling Rate (F3, XX)

Second Byte Hex Value (XX) Sampling Rate
0A 10/sec
14 20/sec
28 40/sec
3C 60/sec
50 80/sec
64 100/sec
C8 200/sec

5.3 Status Request (E9)

Byte Bit Symbol Description
0 BR 1 = Right button pressed.
1 BM 1 = Middle button pressed.
2 BL 1 = Left button pressed.
3 0 Always = 0, reserved for future use.
1
4 Scaling 0 = Scaling 1:1; 1 = Scaling 2:1.
5 Enabled 0 = Disabled; 1 = Enabled.
6 Remote mode 0 = Stream mode; 1 = Remote mode.
7 0 Always=0, reserved for future use.
2 0-7 Resolution Current resolution setting. Bit 0 = LSB.
3 0-7 Sampling rate Current sampling rate. Bit 0 = LSB.

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6. Data Format
The PAN3401 supports two different PS/2-compatible packet formats, depending upon the following operational
modes:
• Standard 2D mode (2D3B)
• Standard 3D mode (3D3B)

6.1 Standard 2D Mode Format

A standard 2D PS/2-compatible mouse motion report consists of a 3-byte packet defined as below.
Byte Bit Symbol Description
0 BL 1 = Left button pressed
1 BR 1 = Right button pressed
2 BM Always = 0, reserved for middle button
3 1 Always = 1, reserved for future use
1
4 Xs X data sign, 1 = negative
5 Ys Y data sign, 1 = negative
6 XOV X data overflow, 1 = overflow
7 YOV Y data overflow, 1 = overflow
X data (D0 - D7). A positive value indicates motion to the right; a
2 0-7 X0 ~ X7
negative value indicates motion to the left. Bit 0=LSB.
Y data (D0 - D7), A positive value indicates device motion upward; a
3 0-7 Y0 ~ Y7
negative value indicates motion downward. Bit 0 = LSB.

6.2 Standard 3D Mode Format

A standard 3D PS/2-compatible mouse motion report consists of a 4-byte packet defined as below.
Byte Bit Symbol Description
0 BL 1= Left button pressed
1 BR 1 = Right button pressed
2 BM 1= Middle button pressed
3 1 Always = 1, reserved for future use
1
4 Xs X data sign, 1 = negative
5 Ys Y data sign, 1 = negative
6 XOV X data overflow, 1 = overflow
7 YOV Y data overflow, 1 = overflow
X data (D0 - D7). A positive value indicates motion to the right; A
2 0-7 X0 ~ X7
negative value indicates motion to the left. Bit 0 = LSB.
Y data (D0 - D7). A positive value indicates device motion upward; A
3 0-7 Y0 ~ Y7
negative value indicates motion downward. Bit 0 = LSB.
Z-wheel motion data (D0 - D7). A positive value indicates device
4 0-7 Z0 ~ Z7 motion downward; a negative value indicates motion upward. The Z0-
Z7 limit value is ±7. Bit 0 = LSB.

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7. Mouse Mode Selection

The Set Sampling Rate command is used to set the device operating modes. Whenever the mouse received
command 'FF', it will reset to standard mode (2D3B) mode. After power-on reset is initiated, the mouse is set to
standard PS/2 mode.
The Device ID is available through the PS/2 Read Device Type (0xF2) command. For a device in standard 2D
mode, the device will report an ID of 0x00. For a device in standard 3D mode, the device will report an ID of
0x03.
Mode Device ID
Standard 2D mode (2D3B) 0x00
Standard 3D mode (3D3B) 0x03

● Standard 3D Mouse (3D3B) Command Sequence

After Reset, the device will be in standard 2D mode. By sending the Set Sampling Rate command series as
follows, the device is set to standard 3D mode.
Command Response
F3 FA
C8 FA
F3 FA
64 FA
F3 FA
50 FA
F2 FA, 03
Notice that the Set Sampling Rate commands are valid, and the device report rate will be the value of the last
command; that is, 0x50 after this series of commands.

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8. PS/2 Data Transmission

8.1 Mouse Send Data Out to Host
When the mouse is ready to transmit data, it must first check for mouse “inhibit” or system “request to send”
status on clock and data lines. If CLK is low (inhibit status), data shall be continuously updated in the mouse and
no transmissions shall be started. If CLK is high and DATA is low (request-to-send), data is updated. Data is
received from the system and no transmission are started by the PAN3401 until CLK and DATA both high.
If CLK and DATA are both high, the transmission is ready. DATA is valid prior to the falling edge of CLK and
beyond the rising edge of CLK. During transmission, the PAN3401 checks for line contention by checking for
an inactive level on CLK at intervals not to exceed 100 microseconds. Contention occurs when the system
lowers CLK to inhibit the PAN3401 output after the PAN3401 has started a transmission. If this occurs prior to
the rising edge of the tenth clock (parity bit), the PAN3401 internally stores the data package in its buffer and
return DATA and CLK to an active level. If the contention does not occur by the tenth clock, the transmission is
complete.
Following a transmission, the system can inhibit the PAN3401 by holding CLK low until it can service the input
or until the system receives a request to send a response if necessary.
Tsca
1st 2 nd 10 th 11 th
CLK CLK CLK CLK
CLK
………
Tsci Tpi
Tsdc Tscd

DATA
……… … ………
Start bit Bit0 - Bit7 Parity bit Stop bit

Figure 7. Mouse Send Data Out to Host

8.2 Mouse Receive Data from Host

System first check to see if the PAN3401 is transmitting data. If the PAN3401 is transmitting, the system can
override the output forcing CLK to an inactive level prior to the tenth clock. If the PAN3401 transmission is
beyond the tenth clock, the system receives the data. If the PAN3401 is not transmitting or if the system chooses
to override the output, the system forces CLK to an inactive level for a period of not less than 100 microseconds
while preparing for output. When the system is ready to output “0” start bit, it allows CLK to go to active level.
If “request-to-send” is detected, the PAN3401 clocks in 11 bits. Following the tenth clock, the PAN3401 checks
for an active level on the DATA line, and if found, force DATA low (line control bit), and clock once more. If
occurs framing error, the PAN3401 continue to clock until DATA is high, then clock the line control bit and
request a resend.
For each system command or data transmission to the PAN3401 that requires a response, the system must wait
for the PAN3401 to response before sending its next output.
Tmca

1 st 2 nd 9 th 10 th 11 th
Inhibit CLK CLK CLK CLK CLK
CLK
……
Tmci
Tmdc
Tmlc

DATA
……… … …
Stop Line
Start bit Bit0 - Bit7 Parity bit
bit control bit

Figure 8. Mouse Receive Data from Host

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9. Referencing Application Circuit

*Y1 OPEN
U1
VDD_5V_10R
*R3 OPEN *1 *14
NC NC ENSW1
VDD_5V BL 1 12 VDD_5V
BL Z1 Z1
R1 D1 LED 2 11 COM
*R2 OPEN LED Z2 Z2 C5 C2 JP1
3 10 BM +
VCC
*C4 OPEN OSC_RES BM 1
+

4 9 BR 0.1uF 10uF GND

VDD_5V VDD_5V_10R VSS BR 2
5 8 R4 SHORT DATA
VDD5V DATA 3
R6 10 ohm 6 7 R5 SHORT CLK
VREF CLOCK 4
C1 C3
+ C6 C7
PAN3401
0.1uF 1uF
27pF 27pF

Note:
1. *R2 is left for PAN3401 RC oscillator
2. *C4 , *R3 and *Y1 is left for PAN3502 with USB interface
2. PS/2 connector JP1 is suggested to has the pin sequence like this:
VCC, GND, DATA, CLK.
3. R4, R5, C6, C7 are for EMC immunity
Warning:
If PCBA has dual layout for PAN3401 and PAN3502, please DON'T mount
PAN3401 in PAN3502's pin pads *1 and *14

Figure 9. Application Circuit for PAN3401

10. Recommended Value for R1

z Radiometric intensity of LED
Bin limits (mW/Sr at 20mA)
LED Bin Grade Min. Typ. Max.
N 14.7 - 17.7
P 17.7 - 21.2
Q 21.2 - 25.4
Note: Tolerance for each bin will be ± 15%

z R1 value (ohm), VDD = 5.0V (refer to Figure 9)

LED Bin Grade Min. Typ. Max.
N 43 56 -
P 43 56 -
Q 43 56 -

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11. Z-axis Waveform

Z2

Z1

State 2 0 1 3 2 0

+1 +1 +1 +1 +1

Z2

Z1

State 1 0 2 3 1 0

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1

Z-axis input
STATE
Z2 Z1

0 0 0

1 0 1

2 1 0

3 1 1

Figure 10. Z-axis Waveform

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12. Package Information

12.1 Package Outline Drawing
12 11 10 9 8 7

1 2 3 4 5 6

11.68 10.16
0.460 3.20 0.400 1.02
0.126 0.040

1.42
0.056
5.08
0.200

0.254
0.010
0.457 1.778
0.018 0.070

Max. 12

14.22 +/- 0.2

6.223 5.461 0.560 +/-0.0079
0.245 0.215
4.826 4.064
0.190 0.160

1 2 3 4 5 6

5.080
0.200

NOTES:

1. All dimensions in MM/INCH.

4.55 2. Dimensions tolerance: +/- 0.10mm
0.179 3. Maxmumflash: +0.2mm

12 11 10 9 8 7

0.80
5.56
0.031
0.2189

Figure 11. Package Outline Drawing

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12.2 Recommended PCB Mechanical Cutouts and Spacing

16.942
0.667 9.068
4.064
1.778 0.160 12.877 0.357
0.070 0.507
1 2 3 4 5 6
7.544
10.221 0.297
6.985 0.402
0.275
8.89
0.35

1.194
0.711 0.047
0.028

12 11 10 9 8 7
27.94
1.100
0.711
0.028 3.251
0.128

All Dimension : mm/inch

Back Side

Figure 12. Recommended PCB Mechanical Cutouts and Spacing

13. Update History

Version Update Date
V1.0 Creation, Preliminary 1st version 09/14/2006
V1.1 Modify Referencing Application Circuit 12/29/2006
V1.2 Modify Reference Application Circuit 07/26/2007
1. Modify the reference application circuit
V1.3 03/24/2008
2. Modify the power supply range

Note: The Part No. of the Mouse Product with Prefix "PAN" shall NOT be made, sold, offered to sell, imported
or used in or into USA, Canada, Japan and EU. For "PAN", PixArt has only gained territory-limited patent
license from Avago. Avago reserve right to take legal action against our customers who fails to comply the
above term. PLEASE NOTE THAT PixArt will NOT defend, indemnify, or provide any assistance to our
customers who fail to comply the term. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE THE TERM, PIXART WILL NOT
DELIVER "PAN" PRODUCTS TO YOU.
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