Bangladesh Is Located in South Asia and Bordered by The Bay of Bengal, India, and Myanmar

Bangladesh is located in South Asia and bordered by the Bay of Bengal, India, and Myanmar.
The country is the 8th most populous in the world with a population of 166.2 million. Its most
widely practiced religion is Islam and Bengali is the official language, although different regions
speak different dialects. The population of this country is nearly ethnically homogeneous, but
some ethnic groups do live here in very small numbers. This article takes a look at the main
ethnic group and some of the minorities as well.
Bengali
As previously mentioned, the population of Bangladesh is not very ethnically diverse. In fact,
98% of the people here identify as having Bengali ethnicity. The Bengali group is part of the
larger Indo-Aryan ethnic group which is native to Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. They
represent the third largest ethnic group in the world. Bengalis have contributed to literature,
music, philosophy, architecture, and textile production since at least as early as the 4th Century
BC. This group of individuals played a key role in the fight for the independence of India and
eventually the independence of Bangladesh.
Dravidian peoples or Dravidians are the present and past speakers of any of the Dravidian
languages. There are around 245 million native speakers of Dravidian languages Dravidian
speakers form the majority of the population of South India and are natively found
in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, the Maldives and Sri Lanka.
Proto-Dravidian may have been spoken in the Indus civilization, suggesting a "tentative date of
Proto-Dravidian around the early part of the third millennium", after which it branched into
various Dravidian languages. South Dravidian I (including pre-Tamil) and South Dravidian II
(including pre-Telugu) split around the eleventh century BCE, with the other major branches
splitting off at around the same time.
The origins of the Dravidians are a "very complex subject of research and debate". They may
have been indigenous to the Indian subcontinent, but origins in, or influence from, West-Asia
have also been proposed. Their origins are often viewed as being connected with the Indus
Valley Civilisation, whence people and language spread east- and southwards after the demise
of the Indus Valley Civilisation in the early second millenium BCE, concurrently with the arrival of
Indo-Aryan speakers,[ with whom they intensively interacted. Some recent DNA evidence
indicates a linkage between a corpse found in the Harappan site of Rakhigarhi in Haryana and
"Ancestral South Indians". From these interactions and migrations arose eventually the so-called
"Hindus synthesis", after 500 BCE.
The third century BCE onwards saw the development of large kingdoms in South India. Medieval
Tamil guilds and trading organisations like the "Ayyavole and Manigramam" played an
important role in the Southeast Asia trade. and the cultural Indianisation of the region.
Dravidian visual art is dominated by stylised temple architecture in major centres, and the
production of images of stone and bronze sculptures. The sculpture dating from the Chola
period has become notable as a symbol of Hinduism.
Tharu communities in different parts of Nepal and India do not share the same language.
Several speak various endemic Tharu languages. In western Nepal and adjacent parts of India,
Tharus speak variants of Hindi, Urdu and Awadhi. In and near central Nepal, they speak a variant
of Bhojpuri. In eastern Nepal, they speak a variant of Maithili. More standard versions of these
dialects are widely spoken by non-Tharu neighbors in the same areas so that there are no
important linguistic barriers between Tharus and their neighbors. However, there are linguistic
barriers between these dialects standing in the way of communication between Tharus from
different regions. They also speak Nepali language.[citation needed]
Tharus already lived in the Terai before Indo-Europeans arrived. It is unclear which language
they have been speaking at that time. The only surviving pre-Indo-European language in the
Terai is Kusunda further west
Muslim Nepal's diverse linguistic heritage evolved from three major language groups: Indo-
Aryan, Tibeto-Burman languages, and various indigenous language isolates. According to the
2001 national census, ninety two different living languages are spoken in Nepal (a ninety third
category was "unspecified"). Based upon the 2011 census, the major languages spoken in Nepal
are Nepali , Maithili and Bhojpuri.[
Since Nepal's unification, various indigenous languages have come under threat of extinction as
the government of Nepal has marginalized their use through strict policies designed to promote
Nepali as the official language. Indigenous languages which have gone extinct or are critically
threatened include Byangsi, Chonkha, and Longaba. Since democracy was restored in 1990,
however, the government has worked to improve the marginalization of these languages.
Tribhuvan University began surveying and recording threatened languages in 2010 and the
government intends to use this information to include more languages on the next Nepalese
census
Newar "Nepal Bhasa" is classified as among the Sino-Tibetan languages but it has greatly
derived much of its grammar, words and lexicon from the influences of southern Indo-Aryan
languages like Sanskrit, Prakrit, and Maithali. Newars are bound together by a common
language and culture.[44] Their common language is Nepal Bhasa or the linguistic progenitor of
that language. Nepal Bhasa is the term recognised by the government. [45]
Nepal Bhasa already existed as a spoken language during the Licchavi period.[ Inscriptions in
Nepal Bhasa emerged from the 12th century, the palm-leaf manuscript from Uku Bahah being
the first example.[47] Nepal Bhasa developed from the 14th to the late 18th centuries as the court
and state language.[48] It was used universally in stone and copper inscriptions, sacred
manuscripts, official documents, journals, title deeds, correspondence and creative writing.
In 2011, there were approximately 846,000 native speakers of Nepal Bhasa. Many Newar
communities within Nepal also speak their own dialects of Nepal Bhasa, such as the Dolakha
Newar Language.[50] Nepal Bhasa is of Tibeto-Burman origin but has been heavily influenced
by Indo-Aryan languages like Sanskrit, Pali, Bengali and Maithili.

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