Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
This chapter presents the research design and the methodology which will discuss
the sequence of the experiment, the essential materials and the necessary equipment to be
Research Design
serves as a test for the cement board specimens’ flexural and tensile strengths. There are
5 varying mix ratios with 3 replications each. The ratios are cement: polyethylene
terephthalate flakes: powdered soda-lime glasses. The mix ratios are as follows: Mix ratio
A- 1: 0.75: 0.75; Mix ratio B- 1: 1: 0.50; Mix ratio C- 1: 0.50: 1; Mix ratio D- 1: 1.25:
0.25; Mix ratio E- 1: 0.25: 1.25. Water Cement ratio for all mixes will be similar ranging
In this study, the experimental factors are the PET flakes and the SLG powder.
Cement boards with PET and SLG are the experimental group and the tensile strengths of
commercially available cement boards as the bases for comparison. After the 28-day
curing period of the experimental groups or specimens, the group’s tensile and flexural
strength will be evaluated using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The excess or the
deficit in the mechanical properties of the specimens over the normal or required
DATA GATHERING
Tensile and Flexural Strength Tests of the Cement
Board with PET and SLG
DATA ANALYSIS
Comparison between the tensile and flexural strengths of Cement
Board with PET and SLG and the commercially available
cement boards.
Figure 6 presents the ordered structure of the research design and the
methodology of the study. The production and testing of the specimens will be conducted
at the Notre Dame of Dadiangas University Engineering Laboratory. Cement board with
PET and SLG specimens are fabricated first. They will be cured for 28 days. The group
will be tested using the UTM. The results of the testing will be used for the data analysis.
Cement Boards w/ PET and SLG 28
In the data analysis the flexural and tensile strengths of the cement board specimens will
be compared with the commercially available cement boards. These data will determine
Research Locale
The study will be conducted at the Notre Dame of Dadiangas University (NDDU)
specimens, curing, and testing will be conducted within the premises of the laboratory.
NDDU is a Catholic Institution run by the Marist Brothers (FMS, Fratres Maristae
graduate courses. NDDU is the only private university in the city of General Santos, and
has three campuses – the main campus along Marist Avenue, the Notre Dame of
Dadiangas University – Integrated Basic education Department Lagao Campus, and the
NDDU was granted “University Status” on June 26, 2006 under the CHED
Memorandum Order No. 48, and the school is the only level 4 PAASCU (Philippine
GenSan. In addition, NDDU has been granted an Autonomous Status and has maintained
Methodology
This study develops and investigates the effect of the PET and SLG in the
Cement Boards strengths. The tensile strength of a cement board with PET and SLG
parallel and perpendicular to the surface and the flexural strength faced up and faced
down will also be determined. The following procedures will be followed (1) Fabrication
of Cement board Molders (2) Preparation of the aggregates (3) Fabrication of Cement
Boards with varying PET and SLG ratios (4) curing of the cement board specimens (5)
the actual testing of tensile and flexural strength of the cement board specimens.
The results will be analyzed to determine the acceptability of cement boards with
PET and SLG to be used as an alternative construction material base on the tensile and
flexural strength test results. The Universal Testing Machine (UTM) of NDDU will be
The essential materials and equipment that will be used in the conduct of the
experiment are:
Hooks Ruler
There will be six cement board molders for the tensile test and six cement board
molders for the flexural test. The molders will be fabricated to form the specimens as
specified in figure 7 and figure 8. After the molders will be fabricated, the volume of the
The cement powder shall pass through the No. 30 sieve and set aside. SLG will be
crushed and will be turned into powder using the mortar and pestle. It shall also pass
through the No. 30 sieve. The PET bottles will be cut into flakes using the scissors. The
3.3. Fabrication of Cement boards with varying PET and SLG ratios.
3.3.1. There will be eight fabrications of cement board specimens for each Mix ratio:
Four (4) for the tensile test and Four (4) for the flexural test. The amount of
cement, PET and SLG in kilograms will be based on the mix ratios: Mix ratio
A- 1: 0.75: 0.75; Mix ratio B- 1: 1: 0.50; Mix ratio C- 1: 0.50: 1; Mix ratio D-
3.3.2. Use a 0.4-8.0 water cement ratio. Mix the following components: PET flakes,
SLG powder, Cement, and water according to the stated mix ratios using a
trowel.
3.3.3. The mixtures will be poured on the cement board molders with the dimensions
After the 40 samples will be fabricated, they will be soaked in water for 28 days.
After the 28 day period, the samples will be pulled out from the water.
After the samples will be cured, they will be tested using the UTM. The
researchers will use the ASTM C 209 and the ASTM C 473.
will be cemented will be cemented to the test wood blocks with suitable
adhesive.
Cement Boards w/ PET and SLG 32
separation occurs.
3.5.2. Tensile strength test (Parallel to surface) Test (ASTM C 209- Standard Test
figure 8).
per min (51± 6 mm/min) and the specimens in the jaws will be clamped at
3.5.3. Flexural Strength Test- Method B (ASTM C 473- Standard Test Method for
a) The specimen will be supported near the ends and a transverse load will be
d) The load will be determined at the time of transverse failure through the
Data Analysis
After testing all the specimens, the researchers will analyze the results of the
specimens’ tensile and flexural strengths. The data will be compared with the tensile and
flexural strengths of commercially available cement boards. From there, conclusions will
be made for the acceptability of PET and SLG as reinforcing fibers and fillers in a cement
Table 1.
Number of Specimens
Number of
Ratio
Specimen
A 2
B 2
C 2
TOTAL 6
Table 2.
Number of Specimens
Number of
Ratio
Specimen
A 2
B 2
C 2
TOTAL 6
Table 3.
Number of Specimens
Number of
Ratio
Specimen
A 4
B 4
C 4
TOTAL 12
Cement Boards w/ PET and SLG 35
The Table 1 shows the varying mix ratios and number of cement board specimens
for tensile test: perpendicular to surface. The Table 2 shows the varying mix ratios and
number of cement board specimens for tensile test: parallel to surface. The Table 3 shows
the varying mix ratios and number of cement board specimens for flexural test: faced up