Parts of Bahay Na Bato

Parts of Bahay na bato
Facade with volada, ventanilla and capiz window
Just like any other architectures, different features of Bahay na bato varies depending on each
individual buildings, which would mean some houses would lack or have some of these features
than the others:
 Accessoria – Apartment-type dwelling characterized by common party walls shared by

adjoining units with a separate door in front of each
 Aljibe – Cistern
 Antesal – Caida
 Aparador de tres lunas – Armoire with three sections
 Arko – Arch
 Azotea – Open-air balcony beside the kitchen that housed a cistern (aljibe) and the
bathroom, and was usually a work area
 Atlas, Atlantes – A column,pilaster and other decorative features in the shape of a man
 Balconaje, Balcon – Balcony
 Banggera – A wooden dish rack that extends outside the kitchen window. After the
dishes are washed, they are placed here to be air-dried. The inverted cups are placed on
the ends of the wooden sticks and the plates are placed in between or above the slats.
On the far left is a tapayan/banga, an earthenware jar that keeps water cool.
 Bañera – Bathtub
 Baño – Bathroom
 Barandillas – railing or balustrade (usually wooden)
 Barrigones – "Buntis" (or bombere, pregnant) grillworks on windows, to accommodate
planters
 Batalan – Rear part of house used for washing and water storage, with a flooring often
made of slatted bamboo; more a part of a bahay kubo (but may be present as well at the
rear of a bahay na bato)
 Baul mond – Traveling trunk
 Bentwood beech chairs and other furniture – Imported dark wood furniture
 Brackets – Series of often diagonal braces placed in support of the volada on the second
floor
 Butaka – A version of silla perezosa with no leg rests
 Caida – Landing on the upper entrance hall; foyer of the second floor; also called
"antesala"
 Calado – Lace-style fretwork or latticework used to adorn room dividers and to allow air
to circulate
 Capilla – Long bench, a staple item in the caida
 Capital – Topmost member of a column (or pilaster) mediating between the column and
the load"
 Capiz Windows – (Often) sliding window made of capiz shells cut into squares

Bahay na Bato interior

kama or Bed
Caryatid – A sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place
of a Pilaster, column or a pillar etc. supporting an entablature on her head
 Clerestory – Any high windows above eye level for the purpose of bringing outside light,
fresh air, or both into the inner space
 Cocina – Kitchen, which was typically built separately from the house
 Colonette – A small, thin decorative column supporting a beam (horizontal timber) or
lintel (beam spanning a door or window)
 Comedor – Dining room
 Comun – Toilet; also called "latrina"
 Corbel – A projection jutting out from a wall to support a structure above it; also "braces"
 Cornice – A ledge or generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns a building
or furniture element
 Court, courtyard – A space enclosed by walls and is open to the sky; has azotea or
balconaje
 Cuartos – Rooms
 Cuatro aguas – Hip roof, which has more corners and angles, making it stronger than
the dos aguas (gable) or high-pitched roof due to stronger aerodynamics (i.e., more wind
resistance); also has the advantage of providing an overhang, which is effective for
protecting the house from rainwater and from direct sunlight
 Dapugan – A platform in the kitchen where the kalan or clay stove is placed
 Despacho – Office; also "oficina"
 Dispensa – Pantry
 Dos aguas – Gable or high-pitched roof
 Dougong – A simplified and localized Filipino version of the ones in China. Chinese
neighboring cultures evolved different variation and localized versions of this, one such
example aside from Filipino Dougong is the Japanese Tokyō Brackets.
 Eave – Bottom edge of a roof
 Engaged column – Column in support of the roof above
 Entresuelo – Mezzanine; literally meaning "between floors", this is the area where
clients, tenants or estate managers (if the owner was a rich landowner) wait before being
admitted to the oficina (office)
 Escalera – Stairway
 Escritorio – A large chest of drawers, commonly adorned with inlay work
 Estante – Dining room cabinet where chinaware and silverware are displayed
 Facade – Front
 Finial – A usually foliated ornament forming an upper extremity
 Fresquera – Storage room for salted food, etc.; placed on the wall of the house facing
outside
 Gable – The part of a wall that encloses the end of a pitched roof
Stair
Sala
 Gallinera – Literally, "chicken seat"; "usually found outside the oficina of a landowner;
coming from the Spanish word 'gallo' (chicken), this church bench-inspired settee is used
for farmers to place chickens on the cage underneath in exchange for paying cash" (Old
Manila Nostalgia blog)
 Gargoyle – A carved stone grotesque with a spout designed to convey water from a roof
and away from the side of a building, thereby preventing rainwater from running down
masonry walls and eroding the mortar between
 Gingerbread trim, running trim – 19th century Victorian style of fancifully cut and pierced
frieze boards, scrolled brackets, sawn balusters, and braced arches, to transform simple
frame cottages into one-of-a-kind homes; usually attached to the eaves to make it more
decorative and to curving iron rods that help support the media agua
 Kama – Four-poster bed
 Kama ni Ah Tay – A once popular signature four-poster bed design that was carved by a
famous Chinese furniture maker named Eduardo Ah Tay. To have this bed was
considered a symbol of status during the Spanish era. [5]
 Kantoneras (brackets) – Either plain calado cut-outs or fully carved embellishments
usually placed where beams and columns intersect especially under the soffit or
overhanging ceiling outside house; also seen to decorate door or window openings,
hallways or simply dividing spaces
Zaguan
 Lansenas – Kitchen sideboards

 Latrina – Comun
 Load-bearing wall – Wall used in place of posts to bear weight
 Machuca tiles (formerly known as "baldozas mosaicas") – colorful Mediterranean-style
cement tiles used for the zaguan flooring, often in harlequin pattern; manufactured by the
Machuca company; another brand is Majolica
 Mascaron – An architectural ornament representing a face or head, human or animal,
that is often grotesque or frightening
 Media aguas – Canopy or roof shed, consisting of a piece of metal roof that protects the
window from rain or heat; not to be confused with awning
 Mirador – Lighthouse; lookout tower
 Moulding, molding – A strip of material (such as wood or metal) with some design or
pattern that is used as a decoration on a wall, on the edge of a table, etc.
 Oratorio – Prayer room with an altar of santos

Old containers
Painted metal sheet ceiling – Pressed tin or copper ceiling from maybe late Victorian to
early American colonial period, to prevent decay by moisture or worms (or even mouse)
 Paminggalan – A cabinet where leftover food and preserves are stored. The doors of the
cabinet have slats so that it can absorb air and room temperature inside. To avoid ants
from coming up and getting to the food, the legs of the cabinet are placed on containers
filled with kerosene or any liquid.
 Pasamano – Window ledge
 Persiana – Louver window
 Piedra china – Chinese stone used to pave the floor of the zaguan
 Pilaster – False pillar used to give the appearance of a supporting column and to
articulate an extent of wall, with only an ornamental function
Ground floor chamber
 Platera – Aparador or cabinet for kitchenware (chiefly china)

 Porte cochere – Horse carriage porch or portico at the main entrance
 Portico – "(From Italian) a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a
colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by
walls"
 Puerta – "Door of the entrada principal (main entrance)"
 Puertita – "small cut door that is part of the puerta"
 Pugon – Clay oven
 Punkah – Ceiling cloth fan
 Sala mayor – Main living room, place for late-afternoon parties called tertulias and
dances called bailes
 Sala menor – Secondary living room
 Sillas Americanas – "American chairs, considered the Monobloc chairs of their time (due
to ubiquity)"
 Silla perezosa – Lazy chair
 Solihiya – Typical wicker weave pattern in furniture
 Stained glass – "Glass colored or stained (as by fusing metallic oxides into it) for
decorative applications (as in windows)"
 Transom – "Transverse horizontal structural beam or bar" often in floral tracery design
 Trompe-l'œil – "A style of painting in which things are painted in a way that makes them
look like real objects"
 Tumba-tumba – Philippine rocking chair
 Tympanum – triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, door or window
 Valance – "A length of decorative drapery hung above a window to screen the curtain
fittings"
 Ventana – "Wooden window panel that uses a grid pattern with flattened Capiz shell
pane"; often in sliding style, as opposed to flinging out
 Ventanilla – Literally 'small window'; "sliding panels between the floor and windows" to
allow more air and light; "usually protected by balustrades which can either be wooden
or wrought iron grills"
 Volada – "An enclosed overhanging balcony"; "a gallery (along the elaborate system of
windows) which protects the rooms from the heat of the sun"
 Yerong pukpok – Gingerbread trim
 Zaguan – Ground floor (literally "passageway" in Arabic) to accommodate horse
carriages and carrozas (processional carriages) [4]

Parts of Bahay Na Bato

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Parts of Bahay Na Bato

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Parts of Bahay na bato

Facade with volada, ventanilla and capiz window

 Accessoria – Apartment-type dwelling characterized by common party walls shared by

Bahay na Bato interior

 Lansenas – Kitchen sideboards

Ground floor chamber

 Platera – Aparador or cabinet for kitchenware (chiefly china)

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