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Micro Processor Vs Microcontroller

A microcontroller contains a CPU, RAM, ROM, and input/output ports integrated into a single chip, making it self-contained. In contrast, a microprocessor only contains a CPU and requires external components like RAM, ROM, and I/O to function. Microcontrollers are designed to perform specific tasks for devices like appliances, toys, and automobiles, while microprocessors are intended for general-purpose computing tasks that require more resources.

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Misge Chekole
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67 views

Micro Processor Vs Microcontroller

A microcontroller contains a CPU, RAM, ROM, and input/output ports integrated into a single chip, making it self-contained. In contrast, a microprocessor only contains a CPU and requires external components like RAM, ROM, and I/O to function. Microcontrollers are designed to perform specific tasks for devices like appliances, toys, and automobiles, while microprocessors are intended for general-purpose computing tasks that require more resources.

Uploaded by

Misge Chekole
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Please find your Answer below (or) in the attached Image / Document!

Question:

what are the differences between a microcontroller and a microprocessor?

Best Answer
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Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller
Microprocessor is an IC which has only the CPU inside them i.e. only the processing powers such as
Intel’s Pentium 1,2,3,4, core 2 duo, i3, i5 etc. These microprocessors don’t have RAM, ROM, and other
peripheral on the chip. A system designer has to add them externally to make them functional. Application
of microprocessor includes Desktop PC’s, Laptops, notepads etc.

But this is not the case with Microcontrollers. Microcontroller has a CPU, in addition with a fixed amount
of RAM, ROM and other peripherals all embedded on a single chip. At times it is also termed as a mini
computer or a computer on a single chip. Today different manufacturers produce microcontrollers with a
wide range of features available in different versions. Some manufacturers are ATMEL, Microchip, TI,
Freescale, Philips, Motorola etc.

Microcontrollers are designed to perform specific tasks. Specific means applications where the relationship
of input and output is defined. Depending on the input, some processing needs to be done and output is
delivered. For example, keyboards, mouse, washing machine, digicam, pendrive, remote, microwave, cars,
bikes, telephone, mobiles, watches, etc. Since the applications are very specific, they need small resources
like RAM, ROM, I/O ports etc and hence can be embedded on a single chip. This in turn reduces the size
and the cost.

Microprocessor find applications where tasks are unspecific like developing software, games, websites,
photo editing, creating documents etc. In such cases the relationship between input and output is not
defined. They need high amount of resources like RAM, ROM, I/O ports etc.

More Answers
 Microprocessor is an IC which has only the CPU inside them i.e. only the processing powers such
as Intel’s Pentium 1,2,3,4, core 2 duo, i3, i5 etc. These microprocessors don’t have RAM, ROM, and other
peripheral on the chip. A system designer has to add them externally to make them functional. Application
of microprocessor includes Desktop PC’s, Laptops, notepads etc.

But this is not the case with Microcontrollers. Microcontroller has a CPU, in addition with a fixed amount
of RAM, ROM and other peripherals all embedded on a single chip. At times it is also termed as a mini
computer or a computer on a single chip. Today different manufacturers produce microcontrollers with a
wide range of features available in different versions. Some manufacturers are ATMEL, Microchip, TI,
Freescale, Philips, Motorola etc.

 A microcontroller is a specialized form of microprocessor that is designed to be self-sufficient and


cost-effective, where a microprocessor is typically designed to be general purpose (the kind used in a PC).
Microcontrollers are frequently found in automobiles, office machines, toys, and appliances.

The microcontroller is the integration of a number of useful functions into a single IC package. These
functions are:

The ability to execute a stored set of instructions to carry out user defined tasks.
The ability to be able to access external memory chips to both read and write data from and to the memory.
Basically, a microcontroller is a device which integrates a number of the components of a microprocessor
system onto a single microchip.

So a microcontroller combines onto the same microchip :

The CPU core


Memory (both ROM and RAM)
Some parallel digital I/O

Also, a microcontroller is part of an embedded system, which is essentially the whole circuit board. Look
up "embedded system" on Wikipedia.

The difference is that microcontroller incorporates features of microprocessor(CPU,ALU,Registers)along


with the presence of added features like presence of RAM,ROM,I\O ports,counter etc.Here microcontroller
control the operation of machine using fixed programme stored in Rom that doesn't change with lifetime.

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