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Excel-Formulas and Functions

MS Excel allows users to perform complex calculations, generate reports, and create graphs easily. It uses spreadsheets to organize data into tables that can be evaluated with formulas. Formulas in Excel always begin with an equal sign and can be text, numeric, or logical formulas using operators to perform operations. Functions are categorized as mathematical, statistical, date/time, logical, or text functions. Common functions include SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, LEFT, RIGHT, and IF.

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628 views3 pages

Excel-Formulas and Functions

MS Excel allows users to perform complex calculations, generate reports, and create graphs easily. It uses spreadsheets to organize data into tables that can be evaluated with formulas. Formulas in Excel always begin with an equal sign and can be text, numeric, or logical formulas using operators to perform operations. Functions are categorized as mathematical, statistical, date/time, logical, or text functions. Common functions include SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, LEFT, RIGHT, and IF.

Uploaded by

Sidra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MICROSOFT EXCEL

MS Excel is an electronic spreadsheet that enables us to carryout complex arithmetic


calculations and logical operations, to generate reports and to prepare graphs in an easy and
quick way.
SPREADSHEET:
It is a tool used to create data in the form of a table, to organize data and to evaluate
it.
FORMULAS AND FUNCTIONS
FORMULA:
A formula in excel is a combination of numbers, variables and operators that
performs arithmetic, logical or text operations. In Excel all calculations are done using
formulae. A formula must always begin with an equal to sign (=)
TYPES OF FORMULA:
 Text formula
 Numeric formula
 Logical formula
Text formula uses the text operator ampersand (&) (e.g) = A1&A2
Numeric formula allows us to perform numeric calculations. They contain arithmetic
operators like +, -, *, /, ^ and % (e.g) =A1*A2
Logical formula enables us to compare two values and return a logical result for the
same. (T or F). They contain comparison operators like <, <=, >, >=, =, < > (e.g)
=A1>A2
CATEGORIES OF FUNCTIONS
 Mathematical functions
 Statistical functions
 Date & Time functions
 Logical functions
 Text functions
MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS:
1. Syntax: SUM(Num1,Num2,…)
(E.g) = sum (89, 74)
= sum (a1:a10)
2. PRODUCT(Num1,Num2,….)
(e.g) = product(c3,d3,e3)

3. POWER ( Num, Power)


(e.g) = power(5,2) = 25

4. FACT(Num)
(e.g) = fact(3) = 1*2*3 = 6

5. SQRT(Num)
(e.g) = sqrt(25) = 5

STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS
1. AVERAGE(Num1,Num2,…..)
(e.g) average(A1:A5)
2. COUNT (Value1, Value2,….) Returns no. of cells having numbers in a range
of cells.
(e.g) =count ( a1:b10)
3. MAX(Num1,Num2,…..)
(e.g) = max(b10:b25)
4. MIN(Num1,Num2,…..)
(e.g) = min(a5:a30)
DATE AND TIME FUNCTION
1. TODAY( ) - Returns current date

2. WEEKDAY(“date string”) - Returns the corresponding number of the day of the


week ( starting with 1 for Sunday)

3. DAYS360(“starting date string”, ”ending date string”) – Returns the no. of days
passed between the two dates based on a 360 day/year.

This function can be used to calculate the no. of days you lived. Here you need to
enter your birthdate as the starting date and current date as the ending date.
TEXT FUNCTIONS
1. Left(“text”, no. of characters)
2. Right(“text”, no. of characters)
3. Mid(“text”, start number, no. of characters)
4. Lower(“text”)
5. Upper(“text”)
6. Len(“text”)
LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
1. AND(logical condition1,logical condition2,…logical condition n)
2. OR(logical condition1,logical condition2,…logical condition n)
3. NOT(logical test )
4. IF(logical test, value if true, value is false)
(e.g) = IF( C40>= 210,”Passed”,”Failed”)
= IF( B2>= 10000,B2*12/100,B2*11/100)
5. SUMIF(Range, Criteria, Sum range)
- Range is the range of cells that you wish to evaluate
- Criteria is the condition based on which the cells will be added
- Sum range is the actual cells to sum
(e.g) = Sumif (c6:c17,”Sajna”, g6:g17)
6. COUNTIF(range,criteria) - counts the no. of cells within a range that meets a given
criteria.
(e.g) = countif(g6:g17, “>15000”)

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