Región Ciudad de México

Campus Estado de México

Departamento de Matemáticas

Integrative Homework Two

(Solution)

1. Find the derivative of the following functions. Use the definition of derivative.
a. f ( x)  6  3x

f ( x  x)  f ( x)
f ´(x)  lim
x  0 x

[ 6  3 ( x  x) ]  [ 6  3x ]
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

6  3x  3x  6  3x
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

 3x
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

f ´(x)  lim  3
x  0

f ´(x)  3

b. f ( x)  9 x 2  7 x  18

f ( x  x)  f ( x)
f ´(x)  lim
x  0 x

[ 9 ( x  x) 2  7 ( x  x)  18 ]  [ 9 x 2  7 x  18 ]
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

[ 9 ( x 2  2 xx  (x) 2 )  7 x  7x  18 ]  [ 9 x 2  7 x  18 ]

f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

9 x 2  18 xx  9(x) 2  7 x  7x  18  9 x 2  7 x  18

f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x
1
 18 xx  9(x) 2  7x
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

x (18 x  9x  7)
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

f ´(x)  lim (18 x  9x  7)

x  0

f ´(x)  (18 x  9(0)  7)

f ´(x)  18 x  7

5
c. f ( x) 
4x  3

f ( x  x)  f ( x)
f ´(x)  lim
x  0 x

5 5

4 ( x  x)  3 4 x  3
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

5 5

f ´( x)  lim 4 x  4x  3 4 x  3
x  0 x

5 (4 x  3)  5 (4 x  4x  3)
(4 x  4x  3) (4 x  3)
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

20 x  15  20 x  20 x  15
(4 x  4x  3) (4 x  3)
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x

 20 x
(4 x  4x  3) (4 x  3)
f ´( x)  lim
x  0 x
1

 20x
f ´(x)  lim
x  0 x (4 x  4x  3) (4 x  3)
2
  20
f ´(x)  lim
x  0 (4 x  4x  3) (4 x  3)

 20
f ´(x) 
(4 x  4(0)  3) (4 x  3)

 20
f ´(x) 
(4 x  3) (4 x  3)

 20
f ´( x) 
(4 x  3) 2

2. Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve f (x) at the point A.
a. f ( x)  5x 3  12 x 2  7 x , A (  1, 14 )

f ( x)  5x 3  12 x 2  7 x

f ' ( x)  15 x 2  24 x  7

mT  f ' (1)  15 (1) 2  24 (1)  7  15  24  7  16

Equation of the line: y  y1  mT ( x  x1 )

y  14  16 ( x  1)

y  14  16 x  16

16 x  y  2  0

b. f ( x)  xe x , A ( 0,0 )

f ( x)  xe x

f ' ( x)  x  D x e x  e x  D x x

f ' ( x)  x  e x  e x  1

f ' ( x)  xe x  e x

3
 f ' ( x)  e x ( x  1)

mT  f ' (0)  e 0 (0  1)  1(1)  1

Equation of the line: y  y1  mT ( x  x1 )

y  0  1 ( x  0)

yx

x y 0

c. f ( x)  ( x 2  1) 3 , A ( 1, 8 )

f ( x)  ( x 2  1) 3

f ' ( x)  3 ( x 2  1) 2  2 x

f ' ( x)  6 x  ( x 2  1) 2

mT  f ' (1)  6 (1)  (12  1) 2  6 (1  1) 2  6 ( 2 ) 2  6 ( 4 )  24

Equation of the line: y  y1  mT ( x  x1 )

y  8  24 ( x  1)

y  8  24 x  24

24 x  y  16  0

 3
d. f ( x)  sin 2 x , A  , 

 6 2 

f ( x)  sin 2 x

f ' ( x)  cos 2 x  2

f ' ( x)  2 cos 2 x

      1
mT  f '    2 cos  2    2 cos    2 cos    2   1
6  6 3 3 2

4
 Equation of the line: y  y1  mT ( x  x1 )

3  
y 1x  
2  6

3 
y  x
2 6

3 
x y  0
2 6

3. Find the derivative of the following functions.

a. f ( x)  5 x 6  2 x 5  7 x 3  4 x 2  3 x  5

f ' ( x)  30 x 5  10 x 4  21x 2  8x  3

7 5
b. f ( x)  4 x 2   5 3 x2  6
x4 4 x

f ( x)  4 x 2  7 x 4  5 x 2 / 3  5x 1 / 4  6

10 1 / 3 5  5 / 4
f ' ( x)  8 x  28 x  5  x  x
3 4

28 10 5
f ' ( x)  8 x   
x5 3x1 / 3 4x5 / 4

28 10 5
f ´ ( x)  8 x   
5 33
x x 4 4 x5

4 5
c. f ( x)  
7 5 x3 2x 6

4 5
f ( x)  
3/ 5
7x 2x6

4 3 / 5 5 6
f ( x)  x  x
7 2
5
  12  8 / 5 30  7
f ' ( x)  x  x
35 2

 12  8 / 5
f ' ( x)  x  15 x  7
35

 12 15
f ' ( x)  
8/ 5
35 x x7

 12 15
f ´ ( x)  
35 5 x 8 x7

2x 2 ( 5 x 3  3 )
d. f ( x) 
3 x

2x 2 ( x3 / 5  3 )
f ( x) 
x1 / 3

2 x13 / 5  6 x 2
f ( x) 
x1 / 3

2 x13 / 5 6x 2
f ( x)  
x1 / 3 x1 / 3

f ( x)  2 x 34 / 15  6 x 5 / 3

68 19 / 5 30 2 / 3
f ' ( x)  x  x
15 3

68 19 / 5
f ' ( x)  x  10 x 2 / 3
15

68 5 19 3
f ' ( x)  x  10 x2
15

6
e. f ( x)  ( x 3  9) ( x 2  5x)

Method 1: Find the derivative as a product

f ´( x)  ( x 3  9)  D x ( x 2  5 x)  ( x 2  5 x)  D x ( x 3  9)

f ´(x)  ( x 3  9)  (2 x  5)  ( x 2  5x)  (3x 2 )

f ´(x)  2 x 4  5x 3  18 x  45  3x 4  15 x 3

f ´(x)  5x 4  20 x 3  18 x  45

Method 2: Perform the product and find the derivative as a sum

f ( x)  ( x 3  9) ( x 2  5x)

f ( x)  x 5  5x 4  9 x 2  45 x

f ´(x)  5x 4  20 x 3  18 x  45

3x 2  6 x  1
f. f ( x) 
4x 2  x

(4 x 2  x)  D x (3x 2  6 x  1)  (3x 2  6 x  1)  D x (4 x 2  x)
f ´(x) 
(4 x 2  x) 2

(4 x 2  x)  (6 x  6)  (3x 2  6 x  1)  (8 x  1)
f ´( x) 
(4 x 2  x) 2

24 x 3  24 x 2  6 x 2  6 x  24 x 3  3x 2  48 x 2  6 x  8 x  1
f ´( x) 
(4 x 2  x) 2

27 x 2  8 x  1
f ´( x) 
(4 x 2  x) 2

7
g. f ( x)  (5 x 3  4 x) 6

f ' ( x)  6 (5 x 3  4 x) 5  (15x 2  4)

f ' ( x)  6 (15 x 2  4) (5 x 3  4 x) 5

h. f ( x)  3 5 x 2  3 x  2

f ( x)  (5x 2  3x  2)1 / 3

1
f ' ( x)  (5 x 2  3x  2)  2 / 3  (10 x  3)
3

(10 x  3) (5 x 2  3 x  2) 2 / 3
f ' ( x) 
3
10 x  3
f ' ( x) 
3 (5 x 2  3x  2) 2 / 3

10 x  3
f ' ( x) 
3 3 (5 x 2  3x  1) 2

2
i. f ( x) 
(7 x  3 x 2 ) 5
3

f ( x)  2 (7 x 3  3x 2 ) 5

f ' ( x)  10 (7 x 3  3x 2 ) 6  (21x 2  6 x)

f ' ( x)  10 (7 x 3  3x 2 ) 6  3x (7 x  2)

f ' ( x)  30 x (7 x  2) (7 x 3  3x 2 ) 6 
 30 x (7 x  2)
f ' ( x) 
(7 x 3  3x 2 ) 6

8
j. f ( x)  sin (3x 2  4) 3

f ´( x )  cos (3x 2  4) 3  3(3x 2  4) 2  6 x

f ´( x )  18 x (3x 2  4) 2 cos (3x 2  4) 3

k. f ( x)  tan5 (2 x 3  1)

f ´ ( x)  5 tan 4 (2 x 3  1)  sec 2 (2 x 3  1)  6 x 2

f ´ ( x)  30 x 2 tan 4 (2 x 3  1) sec 2 (2 x 3  1)

l. f ( x)  5 ln (3x 2  4 x  1)

1
f ´ ( x)  5   (6 x  4)
2
3x  4 x  1

1
f ´ ( x)  5   2(3x  2)
2
3x  4 x  1

10 (3x  2)
f ´ ( x) 
3x 2  4 x  1

m. f ( x)  2 ln 4 ( x 2  7)

1
f ´ ( x)  2  4 ln 3 ( x 2  7)   2x
2
x 7

16 x ln 3 ( x 2  7)
f ´ ( x) 
x2  7

9
 3
n. f ( x )  7e x  x

3
f ´ ( x)  7  e x  x  (3x 2  1)

3
f ´ ( x)  7 (3x 2  1) e x  x

o. f ( x)  5cos x

f ´ ( x)  5cos x  ln 5  ( sin x)

f ´ ( x)   ln 5  5cos x  sin x

p. f ( x)  5x 3 sin (2 x 2  1)

f ´( x )  5 x 3  D x [ sin (2 x 2  1) ]  sin (2 x 2  1)  D x 5 x 3

f ´( x )  5x 3  cos (2 x 2  1)  4 x  sin (2 x 2  1)  15 x 2

f ´ ( x)  5x 3  cos (2 x 2  1)  4 x  sin (2 x 2  1)  15 x 2

f ´ ( x)  20 x 4 cos (2 x 2  1)  15 x 2 sin (2 x 2  1)

f ´ ( x)  5x 2 [ 4 x 2 cos (2 x 2  1)  3 sin (2 x 2  1) ]

3
q. f ( x)  9 x 2 e 3x 5

3 3
f ´ ( x)  9 x 2  D x e 3 x  5  e 3 x  5  D x 9 x 2
3 3
f ´ ( x)  9 x 2  e 3x  5  9 x 2  e 3 x  5  18 x
3 3
f ´ ( x)  81x 4 e 3x  5  18 x e 3x  5
3
f ´ ( x)  9 x e 3x  5 (9 x 3  2)
3
f ´ ( x)  9 x (9 x 3  2) e 3x  5

10
r. f ( x)  ( x 3  4 x 2 )  ln (8x  3)

f ´ ( x)  ( x 3  4 x 2 )  D x ln (8 x  3)  ln (8 x  3)  D x ( x 3  4 x 2 )

1
f ´ ( x)  ( x 3  4 x 2 )   8  ln (8 x  3)  (3x 2  8 x)
8x  3
1
f ´ ( x)  x 2 ( x  4)   8  ln (8 x  3)  x (3 x  8)
8x  3

8 x 2 ( x  4)
f ´ ( x)   x (3 x  8) ln (8 x  3)
8x  3

e 4 x 3x
2

s. f ( x) 
x5  1

2 2
( x 5  1)  D x (e 4 x  3 x )  e 4 x  3 x  D x ( x 5  1)
f ´( x) 
( x 5  1) 2

2 2
( x 5  1)  e 4 x  3 x (8 x  3)  e 4 x  3 x  5 x 4
f ´( x) 
( x 5  1) 2

2 2
( x 5  1) (8 x  3) e 4 x  3 x  5 x 4 e 4 x  3 x
f ´( x) 
( x 5  1) 2

2
e 4 x  3 x [ ( x 5  1) (8 x  3)  5 x 4 ]
f ´(x) 
( x 5  1) 2

2
e 4 x  3x ( 8 x 6  3x 5  8 x  3  5 x 4 )
f ´( x) 
( x 5  1) 2

2
e 4 x  3 x ( 8 x 6  3x 5  5 x 4  8 x  3 )
f ´( x) 
( x 5  1) 2

11
 sin ( x 3  1)
t. f ( x) 
5x2

5 x 2  D x sin ( x 3  1)  sin ( x 3  1)  D x 5 x 2
f ´ ( x) 
(5 x 2 ) 2

5 x 2  cos ( x 3  1)  3x 2  sin ( x 3  1)  10 x
f ´ ( x) 
25 x 4

15 x 4 cos ( x 3  1)  10 x sin ( x 3  1)
f ´ ( x) 
25 x 4

5 x [ 3x 3 cos ( x 3  1)  2 sin ( x 3  1) ]
f ´ ( x) 
25 x 4

3x 3 cos ( x 3  1)  2 sin ( x 3  1)
f ´ ( x) 
5x 3

12
4. A particle moves along the x-axis so that after t seconds its position from the origin is x meters. Given that
1
x(t )  t 3  6t 2  35t  18 , determine the following:
3

a) The instantaneous velocity at any time.

v (t )  x´(t )  t 2  12t  35

b) The instantaneous velocity at t= 2 seconds.

v (2)  x´(2)  2 2  12 (2)  35  4  24  35  15 m/s

c) The instantaneous acceleration at any time.

v (t )  x´(t )  t 2  12t  35

a (t )  x´´(t )  2t  12

d) The instantaneous acceleration at t= 5 seconds.

a (5)  x´´(5)  2(5)  12  10  12  2 m/s 2

e) Find for what value of t the particle is at rest.

The particle is at rest when v (t )  0 . Thus,

v (t )  t 2  12t  35
t 2  12t  35  0
Solving the equation by factoring we have:
(t  7) (t  5)  0
t  7 and t  5
Therefore, the particle is at rest when t  5 s and t  7 s

5. An object moves along a line such that its position, s meters, from a fixed point P is given by
s (t )  t (t  3) (8t  9) . Find:

a) The initial velocity and initial acceleration of the object.

Position function: s (t )  t (t  3) (8t  9)

s (t )  (t 2  3t ) (8t  9)
s (t )  8t 3  9t 2  24t 2  27t
s (t )  8t 3  33t 2  27t
13
 Velocity function: v (t )  s´ (t )  24t 2  66t  27

Acceleration function: a (t )  s´´(t )  48t  66

Initial velocity: v (0)  s´ (0)  24 (0) 2  66 (0)  27

v (0)  27 m/s

Initial acceleration: a (0)  s´´(0)  48(0)  66

a (0)  66 m/s 2

b) The velocity and acceleration after 3 seconds.

v (3)  s´ (3)  24 (3) 2  66 (3)  27

v (3)  s´ (3)  216  198  27
v (3)  s´ (3)  45 m/s

a (3)  s´´(3)  48(3)  66

a (3)  s´´(3)  144  66
a (3)  s´´(3)  78 m/s 2

c) The values of t in which the object changes direction.

The object changes direction when v (t )  0 . Thus,

v (t )  24t 2  66t  27
24t 2  66t  27  0
8t 2  22t  9  0
Solving the equation by factoring we have:
(4t  9) (2t  1)  0
9 1
t  and t 
4 2
Therefore, the particle is at rest when t  0.5 s and t  2.25 s

6. The position of an object that is thrown directly upward is given by the function s(t )  16t 2  48t  256 ,
where s(t) in in feet, and t in seconds. Find:

a) The initial velocity.

Position function: s(t )  16t 2  48t  256

Velocity function: v (t )  s´ (t )  32t  48

14
 Initial velocity: v (0)  s´ (0)  32(0)  48
v (0)  48 ft/s

b) How many seconds does it take the object to reach its highest point?

The object reaches its highest point when v (t )  0 . Thus,

v (t )  32t  48
 32t  48  0
Solving the equation we have:
 32t  48
 48
t
 32
3
t
2
Therefore, the object reaches its highest point when t  1.5 s

c) How high will the object go?

s(1.5)  16 (1.5) 2  48 (1.5)  256

s(1.5)  36  72  256
s(1.5)  292 ft

d) How many seconds does it take the object to reach the ground?

The object reaches the ground when s (t )  0 . Thus,

s(t )  16t 2  48t  256
 16t 2  48t  256  0
Dividing both sides of the equation by  16 we have
t 2  3t  16  0
Solving the equation by general formula we have:
3  9  4(1)( 16)
t
2
3  73
t
2
3  73 3  73
t and t 
2 2
t  5.772 and t  2.772

Therefore, the object reaches the ground when t  5.772 s

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 e) Find the instantaneous velocity of the object when it reaches the ground.

v (5.772)  s´ (5.772)  32(5.772)  48

v (5.772)  s´ (5.772)  184.704  48
v (5.772)  136.704 ft/s

7. If a stone is dropped from a building 160 feet high, find

Before answering the question, we have to find the position function.

1 2
s (t )  at  V0 t  s 0
2

If a  32 ft/s 2 , V0  0 ft/s and s 0  160 ft , we have

s(t )  16t 2  160

a) The instantaneous velocity at any time.

v (t )  s´ (t )  32t

b) The instantaneous velocity after 2 seconds.

v (2)  s´ (2)  32 (2)  64 ft/s

c) How long it takes the stone the reach the ground.

The object reaches the ground when s (t )  0 . Thus,
s(t )  16t 2  160
 16t 2  160  0
Dividing both sides of the equation by  16 we have
t 2  10  0
Solving the equation we have:
t 2  10
t   10
t 10 and t   10
t  3.1622 and t  3.162
Therefore, the object reaches the ground when t  3.162 s

d) The instantaneous velocity of the stone when it reaches the ground.

v (3.162)  s´ (3.162)  32(3.162)

v (3.162)  101.184 ft/s
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