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    Ans HL Learning Q Bonding

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    aurennos
    This document contains a 21-mark bonding question with multiple choice and short answer questions testing understanding of bonding concepts. Questions cover topics like the octet rule, delocalized electrons, molecular geometry, Lewis structures of oxygen and ozone, bond lengths and angles in ozone, absorption of ultraviolet light by ozone and its role in the ozone layer, and hybridization of carbon atoms in different organic molecules. The document provides sample answers and marking schemes for each question.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Ans HL Learning Q Bonding

    Uploaded by

    aurennos
    134 views7 pages
    This document contains a 21-mark bonding question with multiple choice and short answer questions testing understanding of bonding concepts. Questions cover topics like the octet rule, delocalized electrons, molecular geometry, Lewis structures of oxygen and ozone, bond lengths and angles in ozone, absorption of ultraviolet light by ozone and its role in the ozone layer, and hybridization of carbon atoms in different organic molecules. The document provides sample answers and marking schemes for each question.

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    ans HL Learning q Bonding (1)

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    This document contains a 21-mark bonding question with multiple choice and short answer questions testing understanding of bonding concepts. Questions cover topics like the octet rule, delocalized electrons, molecular geometry, Lewis structures of oxygen and ozone, bond lengths and angles in ozone, absorption of ultraviolet light by ozone and its role in the ozone layer, and hybridization of carbon atoms in different organic molecules. The document provides sample answers and marking schemes for each question.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    134 views7 pages

    Ans HL Learning Q Bonding

    Uploaded by

    aurennos
    This document contains a 21-mark bonding question with multiple choice and short answer questions testing understanding of bonding concepts. Questions cover topics like the octet rule, delocalized electrons, molecular geometry, Lewis structures of oxygen and ozone, bond lengths and angles in ozone, absorption of ultraviolet light by ozone and its role in the ozone layer, and hybridization of carbon atoms in different organic molecules. The document provides sample answers and marking schemes for each question.

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    HL Learning q Bonding [21 

    marks]
    1. [1 mark]
    Which atom does not obey the octet rule?
    A.  C in CO2

    B.  F in BF3

    C.  O in H2O

    D.  S in SF6

    Markscheme
    D
    2. [1 mark]
    Which species has delocalized electrons?
    A. OH−
    B. H2CO
    C. CO2
    D. CO32−

    Markscheme
    D
    3. [1 mark]
    Which species has a square planar molecular geometry?
    A. SF4
    B. XeF4
    C. CF4
    D. PF4+
    Markscheme
    B
    4. [1 mark]
    How many sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds are present in hydrogen cyanide, HCN?

    Markscheme
    B
    5a. [2 marks]
    The equations show steps in the formation and decomposition of ozone in the stratosphere,
    some of which absorb ultraviolet light.

    Step 1    O2 → 2O•
    Step 2    O• + O2 → O3
    Step 3    O3 → O• + O2
    Step 4    O• + O3 → 2O2
    Draw the Lewis structures of oxygen, O2, and ozone, O3.

    Markscheme

    NOTES: Coordinate bond may be represented by an arrow.


    Do not accept delocalized structure for ozone.
    5b. [2 marks]
    Outline why both bonds in the ozone molecule are the same length and predict the bond
    length in the ozone molecule. Refer to section 10 of the data booklet.
    Reason: 
    Length:

    Markscheme
    resonance «structures»
    OR
    delocalization of «the double/pi bond» electrons ✔
    121 «pm» < length < 148 «pm» ✔
    NOTE: Accept any length between these two values.
    5c. [1 mark]
    Predict the bond angle in the ozone molecule.

    Markscheme
    any value from 110°–119° ✔
    5d. [2 marks]
    Discuss how the different bond strengths between the oxygen atoms in O 2 and O3 in the
    ozone layer affect radiation reaching the Earth’s surface.

    Markscheme
    «bond» in O2 stronger than in O3 ✔

    ozone absorbs lower frequency/energy «radiation than oxygen»


    OR
    ozone absorbs longer wavelength «radiation than oxygen» ✔
     
    NOTE: Accept ozone «layer» absorbs a range of frequencies.
    5e. [1 mark]
    Identify the steps which absorb ultraviolet light.
    Markscheme
    steps 1 AND 3 ✔
    5f. [2 marks]
    Determine, showing your working, the wavelength, in m, of ultraviolet light absorbed by a
    single molecule in one of these steps. Use sections 1, 2 and 11 of the data booklet.

    Markscheme
    ALTERNATIVE 1:
    for oxygen:
    $E = <<\frac{498000\text{\,J\,mo}\text{l}^{- 1}}{6.02 \times 10^{23}\text{mo}\text{l}^{-
    1}} = >>8.27 \times 10^{- 19}<<\text{J}>>$ ✔
    $\lambda\text{~=~}<<\frac{6.63 \times 10^{- 34}\text{\,J\,s} \times
    \text{3}\text{.00} \times \text{1}\text{0}^{8}\text{\,m\,s}^{- 1}}{8.27 \times 10^{-
    19}\text{J}} = >>2.40 \times 10^{- 7}<<\text{m}>>$✔
     
    ALTERNATIVE 2:
    for ozone:

    similar calculation using 200 < bond enthalpy < 400 for ozone, such as
    $E = <<\frac{300000\text{\,J\,mo}\text{l}^{- 1}}{6.02 \times 10^{23}\text{mo}\text{l}^{-
    1}} = >>4.98 \times 10^{- 19}<<\text{J}>>$ ✔
    $\lambda\text{~=~}<<\frac{6.63 \times 10^{- 34}\text{\,J\,s} \times
    \text{3}\text{.00} \times \text{1}\text{0}^{8}\text{\,m\,s}^{- 1}}{4.98 \times 10^{-
    19}\text{J}} = >>3.99 \times 10^{- 7}<<\text{m}>>$✔
     
    NOTE: Award [2] for correct final answer.
    5g. [2 marks]
    Ozone depletion is catalysed by nitrogen monoxide, NO, which is produced in aircraft and
    motor vehicle engines, and has the following Lewis structure.

    Show how nitrogen monoxide catalyses the decomposition of ozone, including equations in
    your answer.
    Markscheme
    •NO + O3 → •NO2 + O2 ✔
    •NO2 + O3 → •NO + 2O2 ✔
    NOTE: Accept •NO2 → •NO + •O AND •O + O3 → 2O2 for M2.
    6. [1 mark]
    Which atom is sp2 hybridized?

    A.  C in H2CO

    B.  C in CO2

    C.  N in CH3NH2

    D.  O in H2O

    Markscheme
    A
    7. [1 mark]
    How many carbon atoms are sp3, sp2 and sp hybridized in the molecule?
    Markscheme
    A
    8. [1 mark]
    What is the hybridization of carbon and oxygen in methanol?

    Markscheme
    A
    9. [1 mark]
    What is the hybridization of the circled carbon, oxygen and nitrogen atoms?

     
    Markscheme
    D
    10. [1 mark]
    Which molecules have at least one sp2 hybridized atom?
            I.     CH3COOH
            II.     CH3COCH3
            III.     CH2CHCH2OH
    A.     I and II only
    B.     I and III only
    C.     II and III only
    D.     I, II and III

    Markscheme
    D

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