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    Experiment Nodal

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    WyndellRio
    This document describes an experiment on nodal analysis. The objectives are to test nodal analysis theory through measurements, apply Kirchhoff's current law, and measure voltages and currents in a circuit. A discussion of nodal analysis method is provided: define nodes, choose a reference node, apply KCL at each node, solve equations for nodal voltages. The procedure measures currents and voltages in a sample circuit using various resistors and a 12V DC supply. Data is recorded and calculations are made to determine percent differences between measured and calculated values. Circuit design and analysis problems are presented.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Experiment Nodal

    Uploaded by

    WyndellRio
    93 views8 pages
    This document describes an experiment on nodal analysis. The objectives are to test nodal analysis theory through measurements, apply Kirchhoff's current law, and measure voltages and currents in a circuit. A discussion of nodal analysis method is provided: define nodes, choose a reference node, apply KCL at each node, solve equations for nodal voltages. The procedure measures currents and voltages in a sample circuit using various resistors and a 12V DC supply. Data is recorded and calculations are made to determine percent differences between measured and calculated values. Circuit design and analysis problems are presented.

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    EXPERIMENT NODAL

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    This document describes an experiment on nodal analysis. The objectives are to test nodal analysis theory through measurements, apply Kirchhoff's current law, and measure voltages and currents in a circuit. A discussion of nodal analysis method is provided: define nodes, choose a reference node, apply KCL at each node, solve equations for nodal voltages. The procedure measures currents and voltages in a sample circuit using various resistors and a 12V DC supply. Data is recorded and calculations are made to determine percent differences between measured and calculated values. Circuit design and analysis problems are presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    93 views8 pages

    Experiment Nodal

    Uploaded by

    WyndellRio
    This document describes an experiment on nodal analysis. The objectives are to test nodal analysis theory through measurements, apply Kirchhoff's current law, and measure voltages and currents in a circuit. A discussion of nodal analysis method is provided: define nodes, choose a reference node, apply KCL at each node, solve equations for nodal voltages. The procedure measures currents and voltages in a sample circuit using various resistors and a 12V DC supply. Data is recorded and calculations are made to determine percent differences between measured and calculated values. Circuit design and analysis problems are presented.

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    Experiment No.

    4
    Nodal Analysis

    Objectives:
    The activity aims to:
    1. Test the theoretical analysis of Nodal theorem through direct
    measurements.
    2. Know the essential of Kirchoff's Current Law when performing a
    laboratory experiments in Nodal Analysis.
    3. Measure the voltages and currents and total resistance present in the
    circuit using Nodal analysis using measuring instrument to compare the
    computed values to measured values.

    Discussion

    A node is defined as a junction of two or more branches. With one


    node of any network as a reference (that is, a point of zero potential or
    ground), the remaining nodes of the network will all have a fixed potential
    relative to this reference. For network of N nodes, therefore, there will exist
    (N-1) nodes with a fixed potential relative to the assigned reference node.
    Equations relating these nodal voltages can be written by applying
    Kirchhoff's current law at each of the (N-1) nodes. To obtain complete
    solution of a network, these nodal voltages are then evaluated in the
    same manner in which loop currents are found in loop analysis.

    The nodal analysis method is applied as follows:

    1. Determine the number of nodes within the network.


    2. Pick a reference node, and label each remaining node with a subscript
    value of voltage: V1, V2, and so on.
    3. Apply Kirchhoff's current law at each node except the reference.
    Assume all the unknown currents leave the node for each application of
    Kirchhoff's current law. In other words, for each node, don’t be influenced
    by the direction that an unknown current for another be may have had.
    Each node is to be treated as a separate entity, independent of the
    application of Kirchhoff's current law to the other nodes.
    4. Solve the resulting equations for the nodal voltages.

    Materials
    12v DC Supply 62Ω Resistor
    10Ω Resistor DC Ohmmeter
    20Ω Resistor DC Voltmeter
    30Ω Resistor DC Ammeter
    40Ω Resistor 50Ω Resistor

    Procedure
    a) Connect the circuit shown in Figure 3.21

    Figure 3.21

    To connect the circuit, first connect the terminal (black) of 500 to the
    terminal (red) of DC source. Connect the 40Ω terminal (black) and 62Ω
    terminal (black) to the terminal (black) of DC source. Then, connect the
    terminal (red) of 20Ω and terminal (black) of 30Ω to the terminal (red) of
    50Ω. Connect the terminal (black) of 20Ω and terminal (black) of 10Ω to
    the terminal (red) of 62Ω. Lastly, connect the terminal (red) of 30Ω and
    the terminal (red) of 10Ω to the terminal (red) of 40Ω.

    b) Measure the current of each resistor. To measure the current across R1.
    transfer the all the connections from the (black) of 100 terminal to the
    terminal (red) of the DC Ammeter, and connect the terminal (black) of
    100 to the terminal (black) of the DC Ammeter. Turn on the circuit breaker
    then turn on the DC Source. Measure and record the current reading. Turn
    off the DC Source then the circuit breaker and return to original
    connection. Repeat the step on R3 and R5.

    Measure the current of each resistor. To measure the current across


    R2 transfer the all the connections from the (black) of 20Ω terminal to the
    terminal (black) of the DC Ammeter, and connect the terminal (black) of
    10Ω the terminal (red) of the DC Ammeter. Turn on the circuit breaker
    then turn on DC Source. Measure and record the current reading, Turn off
    the DC Source then the circuit breaker and return to original connection.
    Repeat the step on R4 and R6.

    c) Measure the voltages VAB, VCD and VAD, To measure the voltage or
    each component, connect the terminal (red) of the voltmeter to the
    terminal (red) of the component and the terminal (black) of the voltmeter
    to the terminal (red) of the component. Turn on the circuit breaker then
    turn on the DC Source. Measure and record the voltage reading. Turn off
    the DC Source then the circuit breaker and return to original connection.
    Repeat the step for the next component to be measured.

    To measure the voltage VAC, VBC and VBD ,connect the terminal (red)
    of the voltmeter to the terminal (black) of the component, and the
    terminal (black) of the voltmeter to the terminal (red) of the component.
    Turn on the circuit breaker then turn on the DC Source. Measure and
    record the voltage reading. Turn off the DC Source then the circuit
    breaker and return to original connection. Solve for the voltage and
    current through each resistor. Compute the % difference of the measured
    and calculated values.
    Data and Analysis

    IR1 IR2 IR3 IR4 IR5 IR6


    Calculated
    Measured
    %
    Difference
    VAB VAC VCD VAC VAD VBD
    Calculated
    Measured
    %
    Difference
    Circuit Design

    Design a circuit with the given parameters below using 20Ω, 30Ω, 40Ω and
    50Ω resistors to be connected to a 12v DC supply.

    At node 1, At node 2,

    V  V V
    1 1 2
    0 V V  V  12  V
    2 1 2 2
    0
    R 1 R 2 R 2 R R 3 4

     16  24
    V 1

    7
    V V 2

    7
    V IR2=0.0571A IR4=-0.1143A
    Problems
    1. Determine the current in the circuit shown in Figure 3.22.

    Figure 3.22
    2. Determine the voltage Vi, V2 and Va in the circuit shown in Figure 3.23.

    Figure 3.23

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