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    Lab 6

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    Kayen
    1) The document describes a back titration lab to determine the percentage of ammonium chloride in an impure sample. 2) The method involves dissolving an impure sample in water, adding sodium hydroxide, boiling to evolve ammonia, and titrating the excess sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. 3) Calculations are shown to determine the moles of reactants and the percentage of pure ammonium chloride is found to be 3.73% based on the initial and reacted masses.

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    Lab 6

    Uploaded by

    Kayen
    174 views4 pages
    1) The document describes a back titration lab to determine the percentage of ammonium chloride in an impure sample. 2) The method involves dissolving an impure sample in water, adding sodium hydroxide, boiling to evolve ammonia, and titrating the excess sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. 3) Calculations are shown to determine the moles of reactants and the percentage of pure ammonium chloride is found to be 3.73% based on the initial and reacted masses.

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    1) The document describes a back titration lab to determine the percentage of ammonium chloride in an impure sample. 2) The method involves dissolving an impure sample in water, adding sodium hydroxide, boiling to evolve ammonia, and titrating the excess sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. 3) Calculations are shown to determine the moles of reactants and the percentage of pure ammonium chloride is found to be 3.73% based on the initial and reacted masses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    174 views4 pages

    Lab 6

    Uploaded by

    Kayen
    1) The document describes a back titration lab to determine the percentage of ammonium chloride in an impure sample. 2) The method involves dissolving an impure sample in water, adding sodium hydroxide, boiling to evolve ammonia, and titrating the excess sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. 3) Calculations are shown to determine the moles of reactants and the percentage of pure ammonium chloride is found to be 3.73% based on the initial and reacted masses.

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    Lab: 6

    Title: Back Titration

    Aim: To determine the percentage of ammonium chloride in an impure sample of the salt using back

    titration.

    Apparatus/Materials: ammonium salt, beakers, electronic balance, distilled water, 250 ml volumetric

    flask, pipette, 250 ml conical flasks, 0.1M NaOH, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, wire gauze, red litmus

    paper, funnel, phenolphthalein, burette, 0.05M H2SO4

    Method:

    1. 3g of the impure ammonium chloride was weighed in a 100 ml beaker (it was weighed by

    difference)

    2. The salt was dissolved in distilled water, then quantitatively transferred to a 250ml

    volumetric analysis and was made up to the mark with distilled water

    3. A 25ml pipette with small quantities of the solution was rinsed then 25 ml of the solution

    was pipetted into a 3 separate 250 ml conical flask

    4. 50 ml of 0.1M NaOH was pipetted into each of the conical flask containing the

    ammonium solution

    5. The solutions was gently boiled for 5 minutes or until no more ammonia was evolved. (It

    was tested with the liberation of ammonia with red litmus paper)

    6. A funnel was placed in the  neck of the flask to prevent splashing and distilled water was

    added at intervals to keep the volume constant while boiling

    7. The solution was cooled in a water bath, phenolphthalein was added and the excess

    NaOH was titrated against the 0.05M H SO 2

    Results: 
    Title of table: TABLE SHOWING THE MASSES TAKEN

    Mass of beaker/g 52.3


    Mass of beaker + ammonium 53.5
    salt/g
    Mass of ammonium salt/g 1.2

    Title of table: TABLE SHOWING THE RESULTS FROM THE EXPERIMENT

    TITRATION # 1 2 3

    Initial burette reading / cm3 0 0 0

    Final burette reading/ cm3 28.9 28.6 28.8

    Volume used/ cm3 28.9 28.6 28.8

    CALCULATIONS:

    1. Calculate the number of moles of H2SO4 in the titre volume

    x = 0.05mol/dm3 × 28.8mL

    28.8mL/ 1000 = 0.0288 dm3

    x= 0.05mol/dm3 × 0.0288 dm3

    x= 0.00144mol

    2. Write balanced chemical equations for the reactions

    2NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq)  Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

    3. Calculate the number of moles of excess NaOH in the reaction flask

    2NaOH : H2SO4

    2 : 1

    Excess nNaOH= (0.00144) × 2

    = 0.00288mol

    = 2.88 × 10-3 mol

    4. Calculate the initial number of moles of NaOH placed in the flask

    initial number of moles of NaOH = n


    n = 0.1mol/dm3 × 50mL

    50ml/ 1000= 0.05 dm3

    n = 0.1mol/dm3 × 0.05 dm3

    n = 0.005mol

    n= 5 × 10-3 mol

    5. Calculate the number of moles of NaOH which reacted with the 25 mL ammonium salt solution.

    Initial number of moles of NaOH – excess number of NaOH

    5 × 10-3 mol - 2.88 × 10-3 mol

    = 2.12 × 10-3 mol

    6. Calculate the number of moles of NaOH which reacted with the 250 mL ammonium salt solution.

    2.12 × 10-3 mol : 25 ml

    x : 250 mL

    x = (2.12 x10-3mol)(250)/ 25ml

    x= 2.12 × 10-2 mol

    7. Calculate moles of NH4Cl salt reacting.

    NH4Cl(aq) + NaOh  H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) + NH3(g)

    1 : 1

    Moles of NH4Cl salt reacting = 2.12 × 10-3 mol

    8. Calculate mass of NH4Cl salt reacting.

    Mass of NH4Cl salt reacting = Moles of NH4Cl × mol mass

    = 2.12 × 10-3 mol × 53g/mol

    = 0.112 g

    9. Determine the percentage of ammonium salt in the impure sample. 

    = ( mass of pure compound in sample/ total mass of impure sample) x 100


    =(0.112g/ 3g) x 100

    = 3.73%

    10. Why is it important not to use too large a weight of the ammonium salt?

    It is important to not use a large weight of the ammonium salt because, a high concentration of

    ammonium salt will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium causing equilibrium to shift to the right.

    Conclusion

    The percentage of ammonium chloride in an impure sample of the salt using back titration is 3.75%.

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