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    Polygon and Angles: Definition

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    Wisal muhammed
    A polygon is a closed shape with three or more straight sides that intersect only at endpoints. The angles of a convex polygon are between 0 and 180 degrees, while a concave polygon contains at least one reflex angle greater than 180 degrees. The number of angles in a polygon equals the number of sides, and the sum of the interior angles is (n-2)*180 degrees, where n is the number of sides. Regular polygons have all sides and angles congruent.

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    Polygon and Angles: Definition

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    Wisal muhammed
    32 views5 pages
    A polygon is a closed shape with three or more straight sides that intersect only at endpoints. The angles of a convex polygon are between 0 and 180 degrees, while a concave polygon contains at least one reflex angle greater than 180 degrees. The number of angles in a polygon equals the number of sides, and the sum of the interior angles is (n-2)*180 degrees, where n is the number of sides. Regular polygons have all sides and angles congruent.

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    A polygon is a closed shape with three or more straight sides that intersect only at endpoints. The angles of a convex polygon are between 0 and 180 degrees, while a concave polygon contains at least one reflex angle greater than 180 degrees. The number of angles in a polygon equals the number of sides, and the sum of the interior angles is (n-2)*180 degrees, where n is the number of sides. Regular polygons have all sides and angles congruent.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views5 pages

    Polygon and Angles: Definition

    Uploaded by

    Wisal muhammed
    A polygon is a closed shape with three or more straight sides that intersect only at endpoints. The angles of a convex polygon are between 0 and 180 degrees, while a concave polygon contains at least one reflex angle greater than 180 degrees. The number of angles in a polygon equals the number of sides, and the sum of the interior angles is (n-2)*180 degrees, where n is the number of sides. Regular polygons have all sides and angles congruent.

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    of 5

    Polygon and Angles

    Definition: A polygon is a closed figure in a plane. It has n segment (where n≥


    3) called sides that intersect only at their endpoints. Each endpoints is called the
    vertex of the polygon. No two consecutive sides are on the same line.

    The angle measures of convex polygons are between 0° and 180°. Convex
    polygons are shown in Figure1; those in Figure2 are concave. A line segment
    joining two points of a concave polygon can contain points in the exterior of the
    polygon. Thus, a concave polygon always has at least one reflex angle. Figure3
    shows some figures that aren’t polygons.

    Figure1 Figure2 Figure3

    Polygon are given special names according to their sides as shown in the
    following table1 and the below figure.
    Figure5

    Definition: A diagonal of a polygon is a line segment that joins two


    nonconsecutive vertices.
    Table2 illustrates polygons by numbers of sides and the corresponding total
    number of diagonals for each type.

    Postulate: A polygon has the same number of angles as sides.

    Theorem: The total number of diagonals D in a polygon of n sides is given by


    𝑛(𝑛−3)
    the formula D = .
    2
    Theorem: The sum S of the measures of the interior angles of a polygon with n
    sides is given by S = (n - 2) *180°. Note that n > 2 for any polygon.

    Proof: Consider the pentagon ABCDE in the below figure with


    auxiliary segments (diagonals from one vertex) as shown.

    With angles marked as shown in triangles ABC, ACD, and ADE,

    m∠1 + m∠2 + m∠3 = 180


    m∠4 + m∠5 + m∠6 = 180
    m∠7 + m∠8 + m∠9 = 180
    m∠E + m∠A + m∠D + m∠B + m∠C = 540

    For pentagon ABCDE, in which n = 5, the sum of the measures of the interior
    angles is (5 – 2), which equals 540°. When drawing diagonals from one vertex of
    a polygon of n sides, we always form (n - 2) triangles. The sum of the measures
    of the interior angles always equals (n - 2)* 180.

    Example: Find the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a hexagon.
    Then find the measure of each interior angle of an equiangular hexagon.

    Solution: For the hexagon, n = 6, so the sum of the measures of the interior
    angles is S = (6 - 2) * 180 or 4(180°) or 720°. In an equiangular hexagon, each of
    720
    the six interior angles measures , or 120°.
    6

    Example: Find the number of sides in a polygon whose sum of interior angles is
    2160°.

    Solution: Here in the formula of S, we have


    S = (n - 2) *180°
    2160° = (n - 2) *180°
    Then, 180n = 2520
    n = 14
    The polygon has 14 sides.
    Definition: A polygon is regular polygon if all its sides are congruent and all its
    angles are congruent.

    Figure4 Regular polygon

    Another example of a regular polygon is an equilateral triangle.


    Corollary: The measure I of each interior angle of a regular polygon or
    (𝑛 − 2) ∗ 180
    equiangular polygon of n sides is I = .
    𝑛

    Example: Find the measure of each interior angle of a ceramic floor tile in the
    shape of an equiangular octagon shown in below figure

    Solution: For an octagon, n = 8.


    Then
    (𝑛 − 2) ∗ 180
    I=
    𝑛
    6 ∗ 180
    =
    8
    1080
    = , so I = 135.
    8
    Each interior angle of the tile measures 135°.

    Theorem: The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon, one at
    each vertex, is 360°.
    Corollary: The measure E of each exterior angle of a regular polygon or
    360°
    equiangular polygon of n sides is E = .
    𝑛

    Definition: A polygram is the star-shaped figure that results when the sides of
    convex polygons with five or more sides are extended.

    When the polygon is regular, the resulting polygram is also regular that is, the
    interior acute angles are congruent, the interior reflex angles are congruent, and
    all sides are congruent. The names of polygrams come from the names of the
    polygons whose sides were extended. The below figure shows a pentagram, a
    hexagram, and an octagram. With congruent angles and sides indicated, these
    figures are.

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