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Khudabad Mosque
at
District Dadu, Sindh
Pakistan Emergency Situation Analysis – PESA ® District Profiles are dedicated to my
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Adviser, OIC Standing Committee on Scientific & Technology Cooperation (COMSTECH)
Islamabad, Pakistan
DISTRICT PROFILE - DADU 9
Table of Contents
Acronyms ..................................................................................................................12
1 Background Information ......................................................................................14
1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 14

1.1.1 History ...................................................................................................................... 14
1.1.2 Geography ................................................................................................................ 14
1.1.3 Culture (Ethnicity, Religion and Politics)..................................................................... 16
1.1.4 Administrative Division .............................................................................................. 16
1.1.5 Road Network Infrastructure ...................................................................................... 17
1.1.6 Irrigation ................................................................................................................... 17
1.1.7 Solid Waste management .......................................................................................... 18
1.2 Demography .................................................................................................................... 23
1.2.1 Population Characteristics ......................................................................................... 23
1.2.2 Population Growth Pattern ......................................................................................... 24
1.2.3 Population Distribution by Age and Gender ................................................................ 24
1.2.4 Dependent Population ............................................................................................... 24
1.3 Livelihood ........................................................................................................................ 27
1.3.1 Main Sources of Livelihood/Income ........................................................................... 27
1.3.2 Agriculture ................................................................................................................ 28
1.3.3 Industry .................................................................................................................... 29
1.3.4 Livestock .................................................................................................................. 30
1.4 Food Security ................................................................................................................... 31
1.4.1 Availability ................................................................................................................ 31
1.4.2 Access ..................................................................................................................... 32
1.4.3 Utilization .................................................................................................................. 33
1.5 Health and Immunization .................................................................................................. 34
1.5.1 Health Facilities ......................................................................................................... 34
1.5.2 Immunization ............................................................................................................ 34
1.6 Education ......................................................................................................................... 36
1.6.1 Some Highlights........................................................................................................ 36
1.6.2 District School Enrolment Ratio ................................................................................. 36
1.6.3 Gender and Level Wise Details................................................................................... 37
2 Disaster History and Its Impact ............................................................................40

2.1 Disaster in District ............................................................................................................ 40
2.1.1 Disaster History ........................................................................................................ 40
2.1.2 Major Disaster Events in the History of Dadu District .................................................. 40
2.1.3 Impact of Disaster on Agriculture and Livelihood ........................................................ 48
PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

10 DISTRICT PROFILE - DADU
2.1.4 Analysis of Food Security Situation ............................................................................ 49

2.1.5 Health ....................................................................................................................... 49
2.1.6 Education.................................................................................................................. 50
3 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis ..........................................................51

3.1 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis ....................................................................... 51
3.1.1 Hazard ...................................................................................................................... 51
3.1.2 Vulnerability .............................................................................................................. 52
3.1.3 Capacity ................................................................................................................... 54
4 Sectoral DRR Mitigation Measures.......................................................................57

4.1.1 Education.................................................................................................................. 57
4.1.2 Infrastructure ............................................................................................................ 57
4.1.3 Health ....................................................................................................................... 58
4.1.4 Livelihood ................................................................................................................. 58
4.1.5 Food ......................................................................................................................... 59
4.1.6 Wash ........................................................................................................................ 59
4.1.7 Government and Humanitarian Sector........................................................................ 59
5 Coordination and Support Services ......................................................................60

5.1 Important Contacts ........................................................................................................... 60
5.1.1 Departmental Focal Points ......................................................................................... 60
5.1.2 Emergency Response ............................................................................................... 60
5.1.3 List of NGOs Working in District ................................................................................ 60
5.2 Health Facilities ................................................................................................................ 61

List of Tables
Table 1.1-1: Administrative Division of District ................................................................................. 16

Table 1.1-2: Mouzas Reporting Sources of Irrigation ........................................................................ 17
Table 1.1-3: Irrigation by the source type ......................................................................................... 18
Table 1.1-4: District Dadu; Willingness to Pay for Improved Municipal Services ................................ 20
Table 1.1-5: Street Sweepers by Contractual Relationship to TMA .................................................... 20
Table 1.1-6: Variation in Expenses for O&M ..................................................................................... 20
Table 1.1-7: Operating Procedures in SWM – An Overview of Practices ........................................... 20
Table 1.2-1:Estimated Population of District for 2013 ...................................................................... 23
Table 1.2-2: Population Details by Taluka ........................................................................................ 25
Table 1.2-3: UC population of the district ......................................................................................... 25
Table 1.3-1: Number of Mouzas Reporting Sources of Employment ................................................. 27
Table 1.3-2: Food and Cash Crops Cultivated in District ................................................................... 28
Table 1.3-3: Livestock Population of the district ............................................................................... 30
Table 1.4-1: Number of Mouza Reporting Major Crops..................................................................... 31
Table 1.4-2: Distance of Mouzas from Wholesale Markets ............................................................... 32
Table 1.4-3: Percentage Distribution of HH by Source of Drinking Water........................................... 33
Table 1.4-4: Percentage Distribution of HH by Type of Toilet ............................................................ 33
Table 1.5-1: Number of Health Facilities by Type ............................................................................. 34
Table 1.6-1: : Gross and Net Enrolment Rates by Gender and Locality at Different levels .................. 36
Table 1.6-2: Enrolment and Educational Facilities by level and Gender.............................................. 38
Table 2.1-1: Summary of Losses and Damages in Floods 2010 and 2011 ....................................... 46
Table 2.1-2: Taluka wise losses and damages ................................................................................. 46
Table 2.1-3: : Crop Loss and Area Damaged Due to Floods 2011..................................................... 48
List of Tables and Maps
1: Critical Infrastructure Map ........................................................................................................... 15

2: Irrigation Infrastructure Map ........................................................................................................ 21
3: Fresh Water Availability Map........................................................................................................ 22
4: Population Density Map............................................................................................................... 26
5: Health Facility Map ...................................................................................................................... 35
6: Education Facility Map ................................................................................................................ 39
7: Dadu Flash Flood Zone Map 2014 ............................................................................................... 43
8: Hazard Risk Map ......................................................................................................................... 44
9: Possible Safe Location Map ........................................................................................................ 45
List of Infographs
1: District Dadu at a Glance ............................................................................................................. 13

Acronyms
ACO Agriculture Census Organization
BHU Basic Health Unit
CD/GD Civil Dispensary/Government Dispensary
CFW Cash For Work
DCR District Census Report
DDRMP District Disaster Risk Management Plan
ECP Election Commission of Pakistan
FAO Food and Agricultural Organization
GER Gross Enrolment Rate
GOS Government of Sindh
HH Household
NADRA National Database and Registration Authority
NDMA National Disaster Management Authority
NDP National Drainage Program
NER Net Enrolment Rate
NFIs Non-Food Items
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NHA National Highway Authority
PBS Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
PCO Population Census Organization
PDMA Provincial Disaster Management Authority
PLW Pregnant and Lactating Women
PSLM Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey
RHC Rural Health Centre
RSU Reform Support Unit
SDPI Sustainable Development Policy Institute
SMCs School Member Committees
SUPARCO Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission
TRF Technical Resource Facility
UC Union Council
UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund
UNOCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
WFP World Food Program
WHO World Health Organization


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1 Background Information
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 History
Dadu district was created, in 1933, by the British Indian administration by merging Kotri and Kohistan
tehsils of Karachi district and Mehar, Khairpur Nathan Shah, Dadu, Johi and Sehwan tehsils of Larkana
district1. Historical significance of Dadu & its adjoining area (i.e.Sehwan, Johi & Mehar etc) has been
mainly for two reasons; one that they forward the border between political domains of the rulers of the
states of Sindh & Balochistan. Second, Dadu has been along the route of caravans travelling along the
Indus. Khudabad village of district Dadu had remained the capital of Kalhora dynasty till as late as 1768
A.D. The popular trade system was “Hundi” in the district.
After Independence of Pakistan, the people belonging to Hindu community migrated to India & their
properties were given to Muslims who had come from IndiaIn fact Dadu District developed after
Independence. The Indus Highway was also constructed after Independence. From 1991 up till 14th
December 2004, Dadu remained the largest district of Sindh province before it was bifurcated and a new
district of Jamshoro was created on 13/12/2004. At present, district Dadu comprises of four talukas i.e.
Dadu, Johi, Mehar & K.N.Shah 2.
1.1.2 Geography
Dadu district is located in the west of Sindh province and is bounded on the north by district Kamber
Shahdadkot, on the east by district Larkana and Shaheed Banizeerabad, on the west by kirther range of
mountains and Balochistan, and on the south by district Jamshoro. The district lies in 260 6’ 35” to 270
26’ 20” north latitude and 670 7’ to 680 2’ 17” east longitude. River Indus flows north to South along
the eastern boundary of the district. Manchar is a huge lake of the district and is used for fish breeding
and as a natural reservoir. The Khirthar National Park, located in district Dadu, is reserved for wild life
preservation. The temperature, in summers, is recorded between 85qF to 90qF. Dadu, Mehar, Khairpur
Nathan Shah, and Johi talukas form an extremely hot belt due to the direction of sea breezes from west
to east over Bagho-Thoro mountains near Laki Shah Saddar3.
1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadu_District
2
A Brief Profile of Dadu, Small & Medium Enterprise development Authority, Government of Pakistan
3
http://sindhdevelopmentinstitute.blogspot.com/2005/03/dadu-economic-profile.html

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1.1.3 Culture (Ethnicity, Religion and Politics)

Just like rest of the other provinces of Sindh, District Dadu also has its deep rooted cultural values. The
dress of men and women are simple and vary according to season. Men wear mostly cotton shalwar
and kameez in summer and silk or woolen clothes in winter. Female wear loose shalwar kameez. For
the purpose of purdah women wear burkas and some wear chaddar. Mostly on festivals women wear
Saari and gharries of Punjabi style. Women generally wore gold and silver ointments 4.
Dadu is a famous hill station of Sindh. The most famous places of Dadu are Amri , khudabad, kotri ,
Mancher lake and Sehwan. The first hill station, developed in Sindh, is Gorakh Hill located in Dadu district.
Mancher Lake is the largest lake in Asia and is a famous place for tourists. The majority of the population
i.e. 97.49% is Muslim, followed by Hindus 2.05% and Christians are 0.37%. The common spoken
languages are Sindhi (50.0%) and Seraiki (43.33%), other languages spoken in the district are Urdu
2.56%, Punjabi 1.17% and Balochi 0.42% 5.
Dadu is a politically lively district, which has produced politicians such as Pir Illahi Bux, G.M. Syed and
Abdul Hameed Khan Jatoi. Dadu has long been a bastion of the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) but the
party ceded ground to former chief minister, Liaquat Ali Jatoi, who grabbed the province’s top slot during
Nawaz Sharif’s second term in office and later joined forces with the Chaudhrys of Gujrat to become a
federal minister 6.
In the last general elections of 2008, both seats of of the National Assembly from this district were won
by Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) 7.
1.1.4 Administrative Division

District Dadu consists of four talukas namely: Dadu, Johi, Mehar and Khairpur Nathan Shah (K.N Shah).
There are a total of 52 union councils consisting of 336 Mouzas (Revenue villages). Out of these336
mouzas, 286 are rural, 3 are urban, 21 are partly urban, 7 are forest mouzas and 19 are un-populated.
Table 1.1-1: Administrative Division of District
Knungo Number of Mouzas

Patwar
Circles/
Dadu Circles/
Supervisory
Tapas
Tapas Total Rural Urban Partly urban Forest Un-populated
Dadu Taluka 3 22 66 56 - 4 4 -
Johi Taluka 4 30 110 98 - 1 1 10
Mehar Taluka 3 33 78 66 2 9 1 2
4
http://daaira.com/cultural-review-of-dadu/
5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadu_District
6
http://archives.dawn.com/weekly/herald/herald77.htm
7
http://www2.ecp.gov.pk/vsite/complete/Search.aspx?constituency=NA&constituencyid=NA-233

Knungo Number of Mouzas

Patwar
Circles/
Dadu Circles/
Supervisory
Tapas
Tapas Total Rural Urban Partly urban Forest Un-populated
K.N Shah Taluka 4 27 82 66 1 7 1 7
TOTAL 14 112 336 286 3 21 7 19
Source: Mouza Statistics of Sindh 2008, Agriculture Census Organization
1.1.5 Road Network Infrastructure

Indus Highway (N-55) passes through this district, with a total length of 127km within the district. The
existing road network, in Dadu district, is fairly good. The district headquarter, Dadu, is connected with
other taluka headquarters of Johi, Meharand K.N Shah through metalled roads. Two provincial highways,
comprising of a total length of 124 km, are mentioned in official statistics, provided by the government
of Sindh. Also, there is a comprehensive network of access roads, comprising of 250 km, inter
connecting the whole district 8.
1.1.6 Irrigation
The district is irrigated by Sukkur barrage except for a small portion, which is irrigated by Kotri Barrage.
There are two main canals in the district Rice canal and Dadu canal. Besides, land is also irrigated by
tube wells and spillover of river Indus 9.
Agriculture, in Dadu, mainly depends upon canal irrigation. However, other modes of land irrigation like
river water and tube wells are also used. Table given below, shows the total irrigated area of district
Dadu by different modes of irrigation. Out of 307 rural mouzas, 229 (75%) are irrigated with the help of
canals. Tubewells Irrigation is also common in 112 mouzas, which constitutes 36% of the total rural
mouzas. Moreover, rain-fed irrigation is also prevalent in 19% of the mouzas.
Table 1.1-2: Mouzas Reporting Sources of Irrigation
NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING SOURCE OF IRRIGATION

M/ KAREZ
ARID (BARANI)
RIVER
RAVINE
TORRENT
SPRING/STREA
TUBEWELL/
FLOODING/
CANAL
WELL
RURAL
ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT POPULATED
MOUZAS
NUMBER 307 229 16 112 1 5 58 3

Dadu District
PERCENT 100 75 5 36 2 19 1
NUMBER 60 54 6 45 - - - 1
Dadu Taluka
PERCENT 100 90 10 75 2
8
http://www.sindh.gov.pk/
9
http://jamali2u.com/sindh/sindh/pages/Geography-Of-Dadu5.php

NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING SOURCE OF IRRIGATION
M/ KAREZ
ARID (BARANI)
RIVER
RAVINE
TORRENT
SPRING/STREA
TUBEWELL/
FLOODING/
CANAL
WELL
RURAL
ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT POPULATED
MOUZAS
NUMBER 99 35 3 54 1 5 51 -
Johi Taluka
PERCENT 100 35 3 55 1 5 52
NUMBER 75 70 7 8 - - 2 2
Mehar Taluka
PERCENT 100 93 9 11 3 3
NUMBER 73 70 - 5 - - 5 -
K.N Shah Taluka
PERCENT 100 96 7 7
Source: Mouza Statistics of Sindh 2008, Agriculture Census Organization
In the year 2008-09, 92% of the net sown area was irrigated through and of this irrigated area 66% was
irrigated through canals and in 2009-10 it increased to 68%. The table below gives information regarding
irrigation in the district.
Table 1.1-3: Irrigation by the source type
Irrigation Type 2008-09 2009-10

Canal 80,958 90,716
Well 241 239
Tube well 42,210 41,940
Total Irrigated Area 123,409 132,895
Un-Irrigated 11,219 8,981
Total Sown Area 134,628 141,876
% Irrigated 98% 96%
Source: Sindh Development Statistics
1.1.7 Solid Waste management

“Solid Waste Management (SWM) is the generation, separation, collection, transfer, transportation and
disposal of waste in a way that takes into account public health, economics, conservation, aesthetics,
and the environment, and is responsive to public demands.” 10
Current Situation of Solid Waste Management (SWM)
Drainage system
10
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science Environ Occup Sci 2012; 1(2):129-131

Drainage system in the rural areas of Sindh, under the prescribed criteria, is provided for "A rural
settlement with a population of 1,000 persons & above, preferably having water system". Presently out
of a total of 301 rural settlements, 38 settlements have been covered by the drainage facility. As per the
above categorization, out of the 82 rural settlements, having a population of 2000 and above, 23
settlements are facilitated by the drainage facility. In second category, only 6 settlements (with a
population less than 1,000 persons) from 59 have been covered with drainage. Under third Category,
out of 160 rural settlements, 9 settlements are having the facility of drainage system. 11
Solid Waste Management (SWM)
In district Dadu, Taluka Municipal Authorities (TMAs) are responsible for the solid waste disposal,
drainage and sanitation and water supply facilities. As regards the urban water Supply schemes in district
Dadu, all urban localities are covered. As far provision of urban drainage schemes in district Dadu is
concerned, all urban localities are provided with open pakka drain system. 12 Due to the poor
infrastructure of municipal services at District and its concerned talukas level municipalities, there is no
latest data/statistics available on the current situation of Solid waste management system of district
Dadu. Likewise other major districts of Sindh, District Dadu also faces irregularities in the solid waste
management system majorly at talukas level, as well as, district level too. However, a common method
of solid waste collection from the source point to the disposal at landfill site is followed. Furthermore,
indiscriminate dumping and open burning of waste is a common practice in many areas of district Dadu.
The following data tables clearly show the poor structure of solid waste management sector in aspect
of municipal-services in district Dadu. There is a wide gap between what households are paying and
willingness to pay; this could be that the house-holds current payment levels do not include non-
municipal supply or the cost of entire household water bill, as shown in the table 13.
11
http://sindhdevelopmentinstitute.blogspot.com/2005/03/dadu-economic-profile.html
12
Ibid
13
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK;URBAN MUNICIPAL SERVICES, SINDH SECONDARY URBAN SECTOR ASSESSMENT
Prepared under ADB PPTA 4534 – Sindh Basic Urban Services Project DRAFT FINAL REPORT Volume - I July 2007

Table 1.1-4: District Dadu; Willingness to Pay for Improved Municipal Services
Initial Contribution in Initial Contribution in Services in Katchi Services in Pacci

Services
Katchi Abadis, Rs. Pacci Abbadis Rs. Abadis Rs. Abadis Rs.
Sewerage 1,304 1,123 97 98
Solid Waste 611 655 44 58
Source: Prepared for Sindh Secondary Cities Urban Municipal Services Sector Assessment. Based on Volume II, SBUSP, Final Report, Supplementary,
Appendix C.
Table 1.1-5: Street Sweepers by Contractual Relationship to TMA
Dadu
TMA employees 25
Outsourcing contractor 175
Total 200
Source: Table 15: Numbers of Road Sweepers, SBUSP, Vol 2, Final Report
Table 1.1-6: Variation in Expenses for O&M
Petrol Oil
Repair and
Services Electricity and Chemicals Others
Maintenance
Lubricant
Sewerage/
- 13.4% to 0% - - 1.5% to 0%
Drainage
Solid Waste 4.8% 0.3% to 0% 7.6% 1.4% to 0% -
Source: Prepared for Sindh Secondary Cities Urban Municipal Services Sector Assessment. Based on Table 1: O&M Costs of Municipal Services, Volume
III, SBUSP Final Report
Table 1.1-7: Operating Procedures in SWM – An Overview of Practices
Record
Register Vehicle Vehicle Vehicle
Complaint Duty Attendance of Record of
of Availability Maintenance Maintenance
System Roster Register Work Performance
Staff Record Record Schedule
Done
Yes.
Yes register No criteria No No (repaired
Register No Yes No No No
inspected records when needed)
inspected
Source: Table 17, Waste Management Monitoring System, Sindh Basic Urban Services Project, PPTA Final Report, Volume II

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1.2 Demography
1.2.1 Population Characteristics
In Pakistan, male population is more than the female population and is among those four countries where
life expectancy for female, at birth, is less than that of males 14. Sex ratio in Dadu is 108 males per 100
females, which is more than the ratio at the National level that is 106 15. Though, there could be other
possible reasons for such a difference in male to female ratio, one probable reason of this ratio could
be underreporting of females during national surveys. Besides, a very high maternal mortality rate16 and
poor health care at the district and provincial level 17 are likely to be instrumental for this difference.
District Dadu, like majority of the other districts in Sindh, is rural by its characteristics and 79.3 percent
of the population resides in rural areas.
Table 1.2-1:Estimated Population of District for 2013
AGE GROUP TOTAL RURAL URBAN

(IN YEARS) BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE
ALL AGES 1,713,407 889,415 823,993 1,358,665 706,493 652,172 354,743 182,922 171,821
00 – 04 278,011 139,736 138,275 221,851 110,994 110,857 56,161 28,742 27,418
05 – 09 284,839 152,571 132,268 227,952 122,552 105,401 56,887 30,019 26,867
10 – 14 202,550 115,868 86,682 159,446 92,360 67,086 43,103 23,508 19,595
15 – 19 174,085 87,168 86,917 135,355 67,842 67,513 38,730 19,326 19,403
20 – 24 161,622 76,471 85,150 127,332 60,499 66,834 34,289 15,973 18,317
25 – 29 132,239 67,504 64,734 104,209 53,217 50,991 28,030 14,287 13,743
30 – 34 102,382 53,696 48,686 80,528 41,902 38,626 21,854 11,794 10,060
35 – 39 80,545 42,521 38,024 64,112 33,778 30,334 16,432 8,743 7,690
40 – 44 74,618 36,296 38,322 59,186 28,642 30,544 15,432 7,654 7,778
45 – 49 58,323 30,665 27,658 46,105 24,186 21,919 12,218 6,479 5,739
50 – 54 48,960 25,684 23,275 39,282 20,744 18,538 9,678 4,940 4,737
55 – 59 31,577 16,957 14,620 24,853 13,305 11,548 6,724 3,652 3,072
60 – 64 33,463 18,032 15,431 27,129 14,694 12,435 6,334 3,338 2,996
65 – 69 17,663 9,514 8,150 14,150 7,617 6,533 3,513 1,897 1,616
70 – 74 15,956 8,332 7,623 13,266 7,038 6,228 2,689 1,294 1,395
75 & ABOVE 16,576 8,399 8,178 13,907 7,123 6,784 2,669 1,276 1,393
Source: Estimated using Table 4 Census 1998
14
A profil for District Badin, 2009. South-Asia Partnership Pakistan
15
Labour Force Survey 2010-11: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
16
0.5 for Sindh, Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 2006-07: National Institute of Population Studies, Pakistan. pp.
179
17
Mean distance from hospital/dispensary is 12 km for Sindh: Pakistan Mouza Statistics, Table 15

1.2.2 Population Growth Pattern

Total population of the district, in 1998, was
1,106,717 18. Population of district Dadu has Population Growth Pattern
an estimated growth rate of 2.65% per 1,800,000
annum, which means that population will 1,600,000

1,400,000
1,666,647
double itself in 26.41 years 19 from 1998.
1,621,235
1,577,131
1,534,298
1,492,696
1,200,000
1,452,291
1,413,045
1,374,926
44.67 percent of the population is below 15
1,337,899
1,301,933
1,000,000
1,266,996
1,233,058
1,200,089
1,168,061
1,136,946
1,106,717
years of age and 2.93 percent is 65 years or 800,000
600,000
above. The estimated population for 2014 is 400,000
1,713,407, showing a 55% increase in 16 200,000
-
years from 1998.
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
1.2.3 Population Distribution by
Age and Gender 75+
70-74
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.4%
FEMALE MALE
65-69 0.6% 0.5%
Out of the total population, 52 percent are males 60-64
55-59
1.1%
1.0%
0.9%
0.9%
and 48 percent are females. Largest cohort of 50-54 1.5% 1.4%
45-49 1.8% 1.6%
population is 5-9 years, which decreases with 5 40-44 2.1% 2.2%
years interval. Total population in this cohort is 35-39
30-34
2.5% 2.2%
3.1% 2.8%
284,839. Except the age groups 20-24 40-44, in 25-29 3.9% 3.8%
20-24
all the rest of the age groups, male population out 15-19
4.5%
5.1%
5.0%
5.1%
numbers female population. 10-14 6.8% 5.1%
5-9 8.9% 7.7%
1-4 8.2% 8.1%
1.2.4 Dependent Population

Dependent Population percent
The economically dependent population is
considered to be the population that is less than 15
years and more than 65 years of age. In addition to
them, widowed, and/or divorced women are also
Labor Force
considered dependent population. Dependent 52.40%
population in the case of Dadu district is 47.60 Dependent
percent of the total population and the working 47.60%
population is 52.40 percent, which shows that

dependency ratio 20 in the district is 91 percent.
18
for 4 Talukas
19
Rule of 70 http://controlgrowth.org/double.htm
20
Dependency Ratio= (Population < 15 Years + Population > 65 Years)/ Population 15-65 Years

Table 1.2-2: Population Details by Taluka
Taluka Population Male Female Pop Density Sex Ratio Average HH Size Estimated HHs UCs
DADU 554,794 288,205 266,590 670 108 5.5 100,872 15
JOHI 252,585 132,478 120,107 70 110 5.2 48,574 10
KHAIRPUR NATHAN SHAH 399,596 206,959 192,637 151 107 5.3 75,396 12
MEHAR 506,432 261,371 245,061 504 107 5.6 90,434 15
Total 1,713,407 889,013 824,395 212 108 5.4 315,276 1,713,407

Source: Estimated using Table 1 of Census 1998
Table 1.2-3: UC population of the district
Taluka Name of Union Council Population 2014 Taluka Name of Union Council Population 2014 Taluka Name of Union Council Population 2014
Dadu Dadu-1 44,889 Johi Phulji Village 24,471 K.N Shah Sindhi Butra 33,302

Dadu Dadu-2 42,485 Johi Patt Gul Mohammad 25,565 Taluka K N Shah Total 399,596
Dadu Dadu-3 33,534 Johi Kamal Khan 28,586 Mehar Mehar 43,059
Dadu Dadu-4 52,564 Johi Chinni 27,951 Mehar Baledai 37,645
Dadu Patt 37,815 Johi Bhawalpur 27,698 Mehar Mangwani 29,955
Dadu Piaro Station 39,611 Johi Sawaro 22,746 Mehar Gahi Mahasor 30,855
Dadu Allahabad 32,611 Johi Torre 22,509 Mehar Kolachi 30,516
Dadu Phulji Station 32,400 Taluka Johi Total 252,585 Mehar Radhan 32,467
Dadu Makhdoom Bilawal 34,991 K.N Shah Khairpur Nathan Shah 41,052 Mehar Thari ri Mohabat 37,087
Dadu Mounder 33,623 K.N Shah Kakar 32,017 Mehar Bothro 37,310
Dadu Siyal 35,099 K.N Shah Thalho 33,240 Mehar Betto 33,604
Dadu Yar Mohammad Kalhoro 36,000 K.N Shah Dhani Bux Bughio 31,780 Mehar Nau Goth 29,800
Dadu Khudaabad 34,675 K.N Shah Mitho Babar 29,522 Mehar Shah Panjo 33,705
Dadu Muradabad 32,952 K.N Shah Kandi Chukhi 31,723 Mehar Fareed Abad 31,788
Dadu Pipri 31,545 K.N Shah Burira 31,904 Mehar Qazi Arif 35,585
Taluka Dadu Total 554,794 K.N Shah Gozo 32,249 Mehar Khan Jo Goth 32,331
Johi Johi 21,920 K.N Shah Parya 34,738 Mehar Bali Shah 30,724
Johi Drigh Bala 23,119 K.N Shah Sita Road 37,841 Taluka Mehar Total 506,432
Johi Tando Raheem Khan 28,021 K.N Shah Chhore 30,228 District Dadu 1,713,407
25
26

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1.3 Livelihood
1.3.1 Main Sources of Livelihood/Income
While towns provides business opportunities to their residents, majority of district Dadu’s population
lives in the arural areas and are involved in agriculture. The inhabitants of Kheerthar mountain range
depend on farming the sailors (Mallahs) of Manchhar lake (Portion falling in taluka Johi) earn their
livelihood by fishing. Approximately 20% of the district population is serving in Federal & Provincial
Government 21.
Like any other district of Pakistan, Dadu, primarily, is an agro-based district where 70% of the mouzas
have reported agriculture sector as the major source of employment for male population. The following
table reveals the sources of employment for the people of district Dadu. Out of 307 rural mouzas, 207
(67%) reported agriculture as the source of employment. The table also showss that casual labour is
frequent in this district, which is a source of employment for 20% of the mouza population. Services and
personal business are also major sources of employment for some of the population. It can be
ascertained, from the table given below, that, in the category of mostly and some, for both male and
female population; agriculture, labor, services and personal business are the major sources of
employment for the people of this district. Overseas employment is also significant in this district.
Table 1.3-1: Number of Mouzas Reporting Sources of Employment
PERSONAL OVERSEAS
GENDER QUANTIFICATION SERVICE AGRICULTURE TRADE INDUSTRY LABOUR
BUSINESS EMPLOYEMENT
MOSTLY 8 207 - - 2 1 60
MALE SOME 155 76 52 26 94 57 191
NONE 144 24 255 281 211 249 56
MOSTLY 4 121 3 - 15 - 79
FEMALE SOME 80 76 9 11 28 20 148
NONE 223 110 295 296 264 287 80
Source: Mouza Statistics of Sindh: 2008, Agriculture Census Organization
The categories under which these mouzas have reported against different livelihood sources are:
Mostly: population of 50 percent and above

Some: population between 1 percent and 50 percent
None: less than or equal to 1 percent
21
A Brief Profile of Dadu, Small & Medium Enterprise Development Authority, Government of Pakistan

1.3.2 Agriculture
There are two main crop seasons, in Dadu district; Kharif and Rabi. The Kharif season starts from April-
May and ends in October-November while the Rabi starts from November-December and ends in April-
May. However due to regional variations in temperature, several factors i.e varieties, availability of water,
soil texture etc determine the crop pattern, sowing and harvesting time. The Crops are further categorized
into major and minor crops. Wheat, cotton, rice, sugarcane are the major crops of the district and Barely,
jowar, gram and mustard fall in the category of minor crops. The annual production of wheat and Rice,
over the year 2008-09, was 160 (000 Tonnes) and 206.3 (000 Tonnes) respectively. Other crops, cotton
and sugarcane, are also cultivated in the district.
Area sown and production of food and cash crops in 2008-09 are reported in Table 1.3.2.
Table 1.3-2: Food and Cash Crops Cultivated in District
Area Sown in 2008-09 Production in 2008-09 Area Sown in 2010-11

Type Crop
(000 Hectares) (000 Tonnes) (Acres) FAO
Wheat 50.2 160 -

Food
Rice 55 206.3 112,653

Jowar 2.2 97.5 14,223
Sugarcane 9.2 38.6 31,194
Cash
Cotton 50.2 160 -

Source: Crop Area and Production by Districts for 28 Years; 2008-09 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS)
x Wheat
The trends depicted in the Index of the Area & Production of Wheat
corresponding graph for the area and 1.6
production show that over the last 28 1.4

1.2
years, area sown has decreased while 1
the production of wheat has increased. 0.8
This trend shows increase in the 0.6
productivity of wheat. Moreover, a 0.4

Area Production
0.2
decrease in the area and production for
0
the year 2005-06 can be justified on the
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
grounds that another district Jamshoro

was carved out of Dadu, which
decreased the area and production.

x Rice
2
Index of the Area & Production of Rice
The area and production of rice has 1.8
1.6
increased over time in this district. As 1.4
Area Production
shown, initially, both the area and 1.2

production were having the same trends 1
but from 1996-97 onward, the increase 0.8
in production has been more rapid as 0.6

0.4
compared to the increase in area, 0.2
Showing increased productivity of this 0
crop.
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
x Cotton
Cotton crop has shown similar trends in

Index of the Area & Production of Cotton
area and production in district Dadu. But 8
from 2001-02 onward, increase in 7
production has been more rapid as 6
compared to the increase in area which 5
shows an increase in productivity of the 4 Area Production
crop. Again, the decrease in area and 3
production, from 2005-06 onwards, is 2
due to the bifurcation of the district in to 1
two districts. 0
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
1.3.3 Industry
With the coordination and support of Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority (SMEDA), a
registered Chamber of Commerce is functioning in Dadu district. Apart from Dadu’s Chamber of
Commerce and Industries, some other associations of traders are also functioning in each main town of
different talukas of district Dadu.
The district is rich in natural resources. Precious stones & reservoirs of gas & petroleum have been
explored in taluka Johi. The B.H.P. Company established itself in the district to explore gas & petroleum.
Another Foreign company viz: ENI has also setup their base station along the border of Taluka Johi &
Sehwan for the same purpose. Small and Medium Enterprise development Authority (SMEDA) has
reported 44 small industries (rice husking mills) in two talukas: Mehar and K.N Shah. These mills provide
employment to 1,340 people of this area. Other than that, Dadu Sugar Mill is a large scale industry in
this district 22.
22
A Brief Profile of Dadu, Small & Medium Enterprise development Authority, Government of Pakistan

1.3.4 Livestock
Livestock is one of the major sub-sector of Agriculture and back bone of Pakistan’s economy. Its main
by-products, including hides and skins, have substantial potential as semi-finished products. A
substantial growth in Livestock products such as milk, meat, beef, mutton, poultry and eggs have been
noticed, since many years, in district Dadu. Dadu district is rich in livestock and cattle, buffalo, goat and
sheep are found in every part of district Dadu. The details are given below 23.
Table 1.3-3: Livestock Population of the district
Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat Camels Horses Mule Asses Poultry

468,802 385,983 283,729 800,064 42,027 3,475 1,907 38,983 500,570
Source: Livestock Census 2006
23
Livestock Census 2006

1.4 Food Security

Food security can be broadly divided into four components:
x Availability of food in terms of sufficient quantity available through domestic production or

imports
x Access to adequate resources given the socio-political and economic arrangements of the
community
x Utilization Refers to the body’s ability to make use of the nutrients provided. This requires clean
water sanitation and health care
x Stability includes an all-time access and utilization of food without any fear of losing it due to
any shock (natural calamity, economic shock). This component points out to sustainability of
food in an area.
1.4.1 Availability
In this district, wheat and rice is produced for meeting food requirement as major crops. Maize, pulses
and vegetables are produced in relatively lesser quantities in the district. As the below table shows,
wheat and rice are cropped in 81% and 62% of the mouzas respectively, whereas maize and vegetables
are cropped in 18% and 9% of the mouzas respectively. Nonetheless, the overall crop based food
production is not sufficient to meet the required need of the population in Dadu district 24.
Table 1.4-1: Number of Mouza Reporting Major Crops
NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING MAJOR CROPS

ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT
WHEAT RICE COTTON SUGARCANE MAIZE PULSES ORCHARDS VEGETABLES
Dadu District 250 192 80 41 57 3 13 29
Dadu Taluka 59 36 45 28 6 2 11 12
Johi Taluka 74 29 26 2 50 - 1 11
Mehar Taluka 50 68 6 1 1 1 1 4
K.N Shah Taluka 67 59 3 10 - - - 2
Food availability not only depends on the obtainability of wheat but also rests on availability of other
cereals like rice, maize etc. Besides cereals, animal based food availability (meat, milk, milk products)
is also important for total food availability. As for as animal based food self-sufficiency is concerned,
this district is producing surplus of animal-based food against its requirements. Combining both, crop
based and animal based food self-sufficiency, Dadu is facing deficiency in total food production 25.
24
Food Insecurity in Pakistan (2009), Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Islamabad
25
ibid

Although the domestic production of food grains in this district is not sufficient according to the
requirement of district population, yet the economic and trade activities of this district ensures the
availability of food grains through imports.
1.4.2 Access
Per capita availability of food items alone is not a reliable indicator of food security. If the available food
is socio-economically not accessible to the masses, availability alone cannot make a society food
secure. Certain indicators like household income, inflation, child dependency and monthly food
expenditures depict access to food. The per capita income in Dadu is between Rs. 11,000/- and Rs.
15,000/-per month, which, according to the food security perspective, is considered very low 26. Child
dependency (ratio between children and household members in economically active age group) is one
of the limiting factors in meeting the daily needs of households and is an important indicator to measure
access to food. The increased dependency ratio enhances the spending of the household income on
child care and food, which results in a per capita reduction of socio-economic access to food. Child
dependency ratio is very high in this district. The share of household expenditures on food is 61.8% of
the total income in Sindh27. So the low level of income, high food expenditures, high child dependency
and high inflation (particularly food inflation) hinders access to food.
The table below shows physical access of food in the district Dadu depicting the distance of mouzas
from the wholesale markets. Average distance from the fruit and vegetable and grain markets of a mouza
is 19 km. Such long distances impede access to food.
Table 1.4-2: Distance of Mouzas from Wholesale Markets
Rural Overall Mean Mouzas by Distance (in Kilometres) by Facility

Type of facility Populated Distance Less 51 &
Mouzas (KM) 1 - 10 11 – 25 26 – 50
Than 1 Above
Number 307 20 18 102 111 64 12
Livestock Market
Percent 100 6 33 36 21 4
Number 307 19 27 112 105 55 8
Grains Market
Percent 100 9 36 34 18 3
Number 307 19 13 106 115 64 9
Fruit Market
Percent 100 4 35 37 21 3
Number 307 19 14 107 113 65 8
Vegetable Market
Percent 100 5 35 37 21 3
Number 307 18 18 123 103 55 8
Govt. Procurement Centre
Percent 100 6 40 34 18 3
26
27
ibid

1.4.3 Utilization
In addition to food availability and access, proper assimilation of food in the body is essential. Food
utilization and stability depicts this absorption of food and its sustainability. Improved sanitation
facilities, clean drinking water, health infrastructure and individual health status along with the female
literacy plays vital role in food absorption. According to Food Security Analysis (FSA) 2009, access to
improved drinking water is reasonable in this district. 45% of the HH use hand pumps and 18% use
motor pumps as source of drinking water 28. Female literacy rate is 49 % in this district, which is
considered very good literacy rate as compared to other districts.
Table 1.4-3: Percentage Distribution of HH by Source of Drinking Water
Water Delivery System

District
Tap Water Hand Pump Motor Pump Dug Well Other
Total 13 45 18 5 19
Urban 14 41 45 0 0
Rural 12 46 11 7 24
Source: PSLM 2010-11
However, the sanitation conditions are relatively poor in district Dadu where 35% of the households use
flush toilets and 64% use the non-flush toilets.
Table 1.4-4: Percentage Distribution of HH by Type of Toilet
Flush Non-Flush No Toilet

Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total
78 25 35 22 75 64 0 1 1
Source: PSLM 2010-11
In a nutshell, this district has sufficient availability of food; a relatively poor socio-economic access; and
low level of food utilization environment. Combining all the indicators of food security i.e, availability,
access, utilization and stability; it can be ascertained that district Dadu is a food insecure district of
Pakistan.
28

1.5 Health and Immunization

1.5.1 Health Facilities
Table 1.5.1 shows the details of health facilities in the district.
Table 1.5-1: Number of Health Facilities by Type
Type Number Beds

Teaching Hospital 0 0
DHQ 1 180
THQ 3 75
RHC 3 42
BHU 46 92
Government Dispensary 15
MCH Centre 3
Sub-Health Centre 0
Total 71 389
District Health Profile 2012, District Dadu: TRF Pakistan
1.5.2 Immunization
Immunization coverage estimates are used to monitor 72
immunization services, and to guide disease eradication and 70
68
elimination efforts. This indicator is the measure of the 66
percentage of children of 12-23 months of age who have 64 Urban
62
received all the doses of BCG vaccine, three doses of polio & 60 Rural
pentavalent vaccines and 1 dose of measles vaccine in a 58 Total
56
given year. In District Dadu, around 62% pregnant women 54
have received tetanus toxoid injections. In the urban areas this
percentage is 44% and in the rural areas it is 67% 29. Record
based 30 immunization data of District Dadu shows that 62%
(Male 67%: Female 58%) of the children aged 12-23 months have received full immunization. In the
urban areas, this percentage is 71% (Male 71%: Female 71%) and in the rural areas, it is 60% (Male
66%: Female 55%). The corresponding graph shows the percentage of children of 12-23 months that
have been immunized by the type of Antigen based on records 31.
29
Table 3.11, Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM)2010-2011
30
Table 3.4 (b) Based on record: Children who reported having received full immunization who also have an immunization
card, expressed as a percentage of all children aged 12-23 months. Also immunizations to be classed as fully immunized a
child must have received: ‘BCG’, ‘DPT1’, ‘DPT2’, ‘DPT3’, ‘Polio1’, ‘Polio2’
31
Table 3.5: Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM)2010-2011

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1.6 Education
1.6.1 Some Highlights
Literacy Rate (10 years and above) 62%
Adult Literacy Rate (15 years and above) 57%
GPI Primary 0.71
GPI Middle 0.92
GPI Secondary 0.46
GPI Higher Secondary 0.52
Population that has ever attended School 59
Male 73
Female 43
Population that has completed primary level or higher 48
Male 62
Female 32
Student Teacher Ratio 35
Primary 41
Middle 27
Secondary 30
Higher Secondary 40
Primary Participation Rate 59

Male 66
Female 52
Source: Reform Support Unit Sindh 2012-13 and Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey 2012-13
1.6.2 District School Enrolment Ratio

As compared to other districts of Sindh, the education status is good in District Dadu. The overall literacy
rate (for the population of 10 years and above) is 62%; (males: 79%, females: 42%). For the urban rural
comparison, urban literacy rate is comparatively higher than the rural, which is 73%. Among urban
community, literacy rate for male is 86% and for female it is 59%; whereas the rural literacy rate is 58%,
and in the rural community, literacy rate for male is 77% and for female it is 36%. Adult literacy rate (for
the population of 15 years and above) is 57%. Gross Enrolment Ratio 32 (GER) for primary level in Dadu
is 79% (Male: 87%, Female: 72%), in the urban community it is 83% (Male: 89%, Female: 77%) and in
the rural community it is 86% (Male: 70%, Female: 79%). Net Enrolment Ratio 33 (NER) for the primary
level is 59% (Male: 63%, Female: 55%), in the urban community it is 60% (Male: 67%, Female: 53%)
and in the rural community it is 59% (Male: 63%, Female: 55%). Table 1.6.1 shows details of Gross and
Net Enrolment Rates by Rural and Urban Gender at different levels.
Table 1.6-1: : Gross and Net Enrolment Rates by Gender and Locality at Different levels
Urban/ Rural/ Gender Gross Enrolment Rates Net Enrolment Rates
32
Total enrolment in a specific level of education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the eligible official school-
age population corresponding to the same level of education in a given school year.
33
Enrolment of the official age group for a given level of education expressed as a percentage of the corresponding population.

District Middle Matric Primary Middle Matric

Primary Group (5-9)
Group (10-12) Group (13-14) Group (5-9) Group (10-12) Group (13-14)
Male 96% 75% 109% 70% 33% 26%
Urban Female 87% 65% 69% 59% 35% 25%
Total 92% 70% 89% 65% 34% 25%
Male 90% 44% 70% 61% 25% 18%
Rural Female 73% 28% 40% 55% 14% 6%
Total 81% 37% 59% 58% 20% 14%
Male 91% 51% 80% 63% 27% 20%
Total Female 76% 38% 51% 55% 19% 13%
Total 84% 45% 69% 59% 24% 17%
Source: Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey 2010-11
1.6.3 Gender and Level Wise Details

The total enrollment in District Dadu is 261,510 (Male: 156,166 and Female: 105,344). Out of a total of
6,731 teachers, 5,380 are male and 1,351 are female teachers. This illustrates that one teacher is
teaching averagely 39 students. The total boys’ schools of District Dadu are 637 and the total female
schools are 399. Besides, there are 1,099 mixed gender schools. Thus, the total number of schools is
2,135 and averagely every school has an enrolment of 122 students and a teaching staff of around 3 34.
Primary
The total number of primary level schools, that are reported, is 1,173. The total enrolment at the primary
level is 208,831. Gender wise 124,006 are boys and 84,285 are girls. Total number of teachers at the
primary level is 5,609, out of which 4,509 are male and 1,100 are female teachers. Thus, on an average,
each primary school has an enrolment of 104 students with a teaching staff of 3. However, the student
class ratio is 54 and each school has averagely around 2 class rooms.
Middle
There are a total of 86 middle schools reported. The total enrolment, at the middle level, is 10,765, of
which 5,603 are boys’ enrolment, whereas, the girls enrolment is 5,162. The total teachers at the middle
level are 386, out of which 287 are male teachers, while, 99 are female teachers. Thus, on an average,
each middle school has an average enrolment of 121 students with a teaching staff of 4. However, the
student class ratio is 41 and each school has averagely around 3 class rooms.
34
Dadu Education Profile 2012-2013, RSU Sindh

Matric
There are a total of 68 secondary schools in the district. The total enrolment at the secondary level is
30,195, of which 20,724 are boys’ enrolment whereas 9,471 are girls’ enrolment. The total number of
teachers at the secondary level is 1,004, out of which male teachers are 805 and female teachers are
199. Thus, on an average, each secondary school has an enrolment of 444 students with a teaching
staff of 15. However, the student class ratio is 65 and each school has averagely around 7 class rooms.
Higher Secondary
There are a total of 15 higher secondary schools. The total enrolment at the higher secondary level is
14,057, out of which 9,271 are boys’ enrollment and 4,786 are girls’ total enrolment. The total number
of teachers at the higher secondary level is 351, out of which 296 are male teachers and 55 female
teachers. Thus, on an average, each higher secondary school has an enrolment of 937 students with a
teaching staff of 23. However, the student class ratio is 83 and each school has averagely around 11
class rooms.
Table 1.6-2: Enrolment and Educational Facilities by level and Gender 35
Enrolment School Facilities Teachers

Level
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Mixed Total Male Female Total
Primary 120,568 85,925 206,493 586 350 1,027 1,963 3,992 998 4,990
Middle 5,603 5,162 10,765 25 33 31 89 287 99 386
Secondary 20,724 9,471 30,195 22 13 33 68 805 199 1,004
Higher Secondary 9,271 4,786 14,057 4 3 8 15 296 55 351
Total 156,166 105,344 261,510 637 399 1,099 2,135 5,380 1,351 6,731
35
Dadu Education Profile 2013

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39
2 Disaster History and Its Impact

2.1 Disaster in District
2.1.1 Disaster History
Dadu district has a history of disasters. It was consecutively hit by heavy floods in 2010, 2011 and now
again in 2012. The relative severity of floods was ranked as high in district Dadu 36. River Indus, after
receiving water from 5 of its tributary rivers, causes floods in the northern and southern parts of Sindh
province. The upper region of Sindh Province comprises of the districts of Jecobabad, Shikarpur,
Kashmore, Larkana and Kamber Shahdadkot on the right bank of River Indus and Ghotki, Sukkur,
Khairpur, Naushahroferoze and Shaheed Benazirabad districts on the left bank of River Indus. These
districts on the right and left banks of River Indus are prone to severe threat when River Indus is in high
flood.
Heavy rains are also a major cause of flooding in the district. Vulnerable UCs are Bothero, Radhan,
Thariri Mohbat, Beto, Gahi Mahessar, Baledai, Kazi Arif, Kolachi, Mehar, Mangwani, Khan jo Goth,
Mangwani, Faridabad, Nao Goth, Shah Panjo, Bali Shah, Pipri, Siyal, Pat, Phulji, Moundar, Khudabad,
Allahabad, Phulji, Bahawalpur, Pat Gul Mohd. Drigh Bala, Kamal Khan, Johi, Chinni, K.N.Shah Town,
Dhani Bux Bughio, Butra, Kande Chukhi, Mittho Babar Thalho, Paria, Chore Qamber, Gozo,Burira 37.
Vulnerable points of the district are L.S Bund, Mile 58/3 near Patt Village Taluka Dadu, L.S Bund, Mile
77/2 at Siyal Village near Dadu –Moro, L.S Bund, Mile 78/3 at Aminani Village Taluka Dadu, F.P Bund,
Zero Point (RD-0(1200 ft)), F.P Bund, RD-50, F.P Bund, RD-147 (800 ft), F.P Bund, RD-211, MNV Drain,
RD 0 to 335 (67 miles), Superio Bund, RD -49 (550 ft), GAJ Diversion Bund,RD 0-32 (6.4 miles). Along
with the aforementioned floods, Epidemics, casualties due to accidents and environmental degradation
occur on yearly basis.
2.1.2 Major Disaster Events in the History of Dadu District

FLOODS
Floods 2003, District Dadu
Flood in District Dadu, 1999 Date: 29-07-2003
Date: 07 March 1999 Deaths: 1
Deaths: 14 Wounded: 0
Affected: 43 Crops Affected: 214 hectares
Source: www.emdat.be/disaster-list Affected Sectors: Agriculture, Health
Source: http://pdma.pk/monsoon2012/
36
Flood Facts, Disaster Management Apparatus, 2010
37
Sindh Contingency Plan 2012.

Rainfall/Flood in District Dadu

Dadu Flood 2005
Date: November 15, 2011
Date: 26-07-2005
Deaths: 19
Death: 0
Wounded: 51 (19 male, 13 female, 19 children)
Wounded: 0
Affected Sectors: Agriculture
Affected Sectors: Health
Source:
Source: http://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/pakistan-floods-
ocha-situation-report-no-5 http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/1511sitrep.pd
f
District Dadu 2012 Flood Flood in District Dadu

Date: September 20, 2012 Date: October 11, 2012
Deaths: 1 Deaths: 1
Affected Sectors: Agriculture Affected Sectors: Agriculture
Source: Source:
http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/damages_ http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/damages_det
details_20_09_2012.pdf ails_11_10_2012.pdf
RAINFALL
Heavy Rainfall in District Dadu Heavy Rainfall in District Dadu,
Date: 12 September 2012 Date: January 23, 2013
Deaths: 1 Magnitude: 0
Magnitude: Unknown Deaths: 1
Affects: Unknown Crop Affected: 86.6027 hectares
Source: Source:
http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/damages_ http://www.ndma.gov.pk/Documents/monsoon/2012/damages/ja
details_12_09_2012.pdf nuary/damages_details_23_01_2013.pdf
EARTHQUAKE
5.4 magnitude earthquake 42 km from Johi, Sindh, Pakistan,
4.3 magnitude earthquake 32 km from Johi, Sindh
1992
Magnitude: 6.8
Magnitude: 5.4
Date: 22-01-1992
Date: 21-01-1992
Death: 0
Depth: 25 km
Depth: 33 km
Death: 0
Source:
Source:
http://earthquaketrack.com/quakes/1992-01-22-10-48-39-utc-4-
http://earthquaketrack.com/quakes/1992-01-21-22-07-58-utc-
3-33
5-4-25
5.0 magnitude earthquake 33 km from Johi, Sindh 5.2 magnitude earthquake 67 km from Bhan, Sindh
Magnitude: 5.0 Magnitude: 5.2
Date: 28-03-1992 Date: 28-12-1992
Death: 0 Death: 0
Depth: 10 km Depth: 43 km
Source: http://tribune.com.pk/story/51601/tremors-in-northern- Source:
pakistan/ earthquaketrack.com/quakes/1992-12-28-08-45-42-utc-5-2-43

4.3 magnitude earthquake 32 km from Johi, Sindh

Magnitude: 4.3 Earthquake-hit Sindh Areas including DADU
Date: 22-01-1999 Magnitude: 7.8
Death: 0 Date: 24 Sep, 2013
Depth: 33 km Death: 0
Source: Source: http://www.thenewstribe.com/2013/09/24/earthquake-
http://earthquaketrack.com/quakes/1992-01-22-10-48-39-utc- shakes-karachi-hyderabad-balochistan-and-some-parts-of-sindh/
4-3-33
Tremors felt in DADU of the Earthquake, 2013, Date: 28 Sep, 2013, Magnitude:6.8
Source: http://tribune.com.pk/story/610705/tremors-felt-in-karachi-quetta/
DROUGHT
DADU: Drought forces Kachho villagers to migrate to other
places
Date: 03-06-2003 Tackling drought in Sindh: District Dadu
Description: People of 30 villages of the Kachho area have Date: 02-09-2012
migrated to other places due to drought. over 100 other
children were infected with the disease Deaths: 0
Deaths: 2(Girl named Maryam and a boy named Manzoor) Affected Sectors: Agriculture and Health
Cattle Perished: Over 500 Source:
Source: http://beta.dawn.com/news/746519/tackling-drought-in-sindh
http://www.dawn.com/news/104728/dadu-drought-forces-
kachho-villagers-to-migrate-to-other-places
Dadu District: Drought 2014, Date: June, 2014, Deaths: Affected Families: 20,000 ( 100,000 people), Cattle Perished: 20-25%
Source: http://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/pakistan-drought-assessment-report-district-dadu-sindh
EXTREME TEMPERATURE
Heat wave Sindh, Date: 2009, Temp recorded: Unknown, Deaths: 18
Description: At least, 18 people were killed in the heat wave across Pakistan and 16-year-old heat record was broken in different parts
of Sindh during the summer of 2009
Source: http://saarc-sdmc.nic.in/pdf/Publications/sadr2009/SADR2009.pdf
EPIDEMICS
H1N1 Out Break In Pakistan
Date: 18-06-2008, Deaths: 29, Sick: 1, 242
Source: http://www.heartfile.org/pdf/NTS_Working_Paper4.pdf

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45
Demography
Dadu district is unfortunate in the sense that, as mentioned earlier, it was hit by heavy floods in 2010,
2011 and now in 2012 again. In 2010 floods, 1,166 villages/settlements of 40 UCs were affected.
920,105 persons were affected and there were 27 casualties and 327 injuries. In 2011 floods 38 1,454
villages/settlements of 52 union councils in 4 talukas were affected. A population of 325,000 persons
was affected and there were 19 casualties and 161 injuries. Table 2.2.1 shows the losses and damages
summary.
Table 2.1-1: Summary of Losses and Damages in Floods 2010 and 2011
Attribute Figure 2011 Figure 2010 Source

Total Households 2010 281,446
Estimated
Affected Households 54,167 153,351
Total UCs 52 PDMA
UC Affected 52 40 OCHA
Total Revenue Villages 351 PDMA
Villages/Settlements Affected 1,454 1,166 PDMA/OCHA
Total Houses Affected 18,594 168,112
Partially Damaged 13,051 n/a PDMA
Destroyed 5,543 n/a
Kacha n/a 120,412
PDMA
Pakka n/a 47,700
Total Population 1,528,679 Estimated
Affected Population 325,000 920,105 OCHA
Death 19 27
NDMA/PDMA
Injuries 161 327
Total Area 2,000,985 PCO
Total Affected Area 187,811 320,742
PDMA/NDMA/OCHA
Crop Area Affected 97,248 284,630
Table 2.1-2: Taluka wise losses and damages
Total Affected Population Total Area Affected Area

Population 2010 2011 Acres 2010 2011
breakdow
DADU TALUKA 480,853 145,959 108,483 204,638 87,396

Tehsil
t
wise
JOHI TALUKA 240,436 81,265 140,520 895,785 27,560
38
Summary of Losses and Damages as of 17/02/2012, PDMA Sindh

KHAIRPUR NATHAN SHAH TALUKA 356,557 314,196 26,547 652,203 36,866

MEHAR TALUKA 450,833 378,685 49,450 248,358 35,989
Total 1,528,679 920,105 325,000 2,000,985 320,742 187,811
The latest situational update for the 2012 floods/Rains, in the district
According to PDMA Sindh, as of 19th November 2012, only 1 casualty is reported. According to the
same source, no villages and population was affected. Only 214 hectares of crop area inundated. With
no population affected 1,000 ration bags were distributed in terms of relief39. World Food Programme
(WFP) was actively involved in relief activities in 26 calamity hit villages declared by the government. It
pulled out all its boats and relief activities after receiving reports from National Disaster Management
Authority and Provincial Disaster Management Authorities that there are zero rain-affected people in the
district. The reasons for the discontinuation of relief activities, received to Sindh Relief Department from
WFP were
x Government remains the first responder in such humanitarian situation and there is no
international appeal for humanitarian assistance from government
x The government, PDMA and NDMA declared that no population was affected in District Dadu so
it becomes difficult for WFP to justify their humanitarian interventions in the district
This decision will have worsening impacts on the lives of 40,000 people living in marooned villages. Mr.
Panhwar, Provincial Coordinator of humanitarian cell of Sindh Relief Department in his relief operation
report mentioned that 26 villages of 6 UCs namely 1) UC Fareedabad (Beneficiary Families: 2,246), 2
)UC Chorre Oambar/Mado (Beneficiary Families: 220), 3) UC Pat Gul Muhammad (Beneficiary
Families40: 730), 4) UC Drigh Bala (Beneficiary Families: 219), 5) UC Sanwaro (Beneficiary Families:
616), and 6) UC Chinni (Beneficiary Families: 284), were affected due to flood water41. In the report he
mentioned that the operation was carried out with the help of boats provided by WFP. In response to
WFP decision, he said that distribution of NFIs and other relief goods to the affected people would get
delayed without motor boats and people would start dying of cold. According to NDMA, as of 16th
September Kashmore-Kandhkot, Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Sukkur, Ghotki and Kambar-Shahdadkot were
declared as calamity hit areas but not Dadu. On the other side, Haleem Adil Sheikh 42, Advisor to Chief
Minister Sindh on Relief, started relief operation in the marooned villages on November 2nd, 2012
rejecting PDMA/NDMA reports and termed them false. According to him, Dadu was the most affected
districts by the Hill Torrents coming from Balochistan and Hamal Lake, affecting the lives of 40,000
people in six union councils. Different politicians from Sindh including MPA Nathan Shah, Imran Zafar
Leghari, Syed Ghulam Shah Jilani criticized the false reporting of the prestigious institutions of PDMA
and NDMA. PPP MNA and ex minister, Mr. Rafique Ahmad Jamali is an eyewitness of the destruction of
39
Consolidated District Profile 19-11-2012, PDMA Sindh
40
Beneficiary Families were provided with i) Standard Food Bag, ii) Water Coolers, iii) Jerry Cans and iv) Mosquito Nets
41
Relief Operation Report Final District Dadu, Sindh Relief Department
42
Has provided, in his field visit report to district Dadu, a list of 14 villages as of October 2012 that were highly affected and
he also mentioned that boats for relief purposes are required for 2 months

26 villages and thousands of acres of inundated land in the district. He said that he would complain the
prime minister against PDMA/NDMA officials for sending false reports to international relief agency 43.
2.1.3 Impact of Disaster on Agriculture and Livelihood

As reported earlier, District Dadu has been hit by floods in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Separate
analyses of the impact of these floods are given as under:
Impact of Floods 2010:
Due to the floods of 2010, 40 union councils and 173 dehs were affected. 920,000 people were affected
as flood water continued to fly across Mehar, KN Shah & Johi Talukas. The water stayed in the area for
four months. During relief phase, 18,000 people lived in camps, afterwards these IDPs returned to
Mehar, K.N Shah and Johi, where water level receded. A total of 224,630 acres of crop area was
affected. 168,112 houses were damaged, out of which 47,700 were in settled area and 120,412 houses
in katcha area were affected. The government established 412 relief camps in the district 44.
Impact of Floods 2011:
The floods of 2011 had a significant effect on this district, as 47 union councils were affected in 4
talukas. Out of a total population of 2,231,448, 15% of the population i.e. 325,000 persons were
affected. Within the affected population, 49% were males and 51% were females. 1,454 villages were
affected where 18,594 houses were damaged 45. A total of 164,297 acres of land was sown, out of
which 97,248 acres (59%) were damaged
Table 2.1-3: : Crop Loss and Area Damaged Due to Floods 2011
Major Crops Area

Area sown (Acre) 31,194
Cotton Area Damaged (Acre) 23,395
% 75%
Rice Area Damaged (Acre) 61,959
% 55%
Sugarcane Area Damaged (Acre) 6,263
% 44%
Other Area Damaged (Acre) 5,631
% 91%
Total Area Sown 164,297
Total Area Damaged 97,248
Source: Sindh Flood Situation Update September 2011, FAO and Summary of Losses and Damages PDMA Sindh
43
http://dawn.com/2012/11/24/false-pdmandma-report-wfp-pulls-out-boats-from-rain-hit-dadu-villages/
44
PDMA, Sindh
45
Summary of Losses/Damages due to Floods 2011, PDMA, Government of Sindh

Impact of 2012 Floods:
Comparatively, Floods 2012 had a very mild effect on district Dadu. As of 19/11/2012, no damage has
been reported except for one death and damage to 214 acres of sown area 46.
2.1.4 Analysis of Food Security Situation

It has been previously established that district Dadu is food insecure district of Pakistan. This district is
agro-based with majority of the households engaged in agriculture farming, livestock rearing activities
and casual labor. Among these three types of households, empirical studies have shown that poverty
has been relatively higher in the non-agriculture households, followed by livestock households and small
farmers 47. It has been shown in the previous section that many individuals of flood affected areas have
lost their homes (18,594 houses were damaged due to floods 2011), their crops have been destroyed
(59% of the crop area damaged due to floods 2011) and heads of livestock have been lsot. All the social
indicators show higher level of poverty and deprivation in these areas with large household size, poor
literacy level, higher mortality rate and poor level of infrastructure with poor access to education and
health facilities.
Through the destruction of roads, transport and market infrastructure, the floods have a significant
negative impact on commodity market. This phenomenon hinders the socio-economic access of food
in the district. While comparing the prices after the flood with the July 2010 Federal Bureau of Statistics
prices, the prices of rice and wheat have increased in flooded areas by about 10 percent in Sindh. The
price of sugar, a key commodity, has increased by an average of about 20% 48.
Thus the flood affected people of district Dadu have to face a number of key challenges to recover their
livelihood, agriculture and livestock; directly affecting the food security situation.
2.1.5 Health
During 2011 floods, out of 45 BHUs, 9 BHUs were reportedly damaged and the only Rural Health Centre
was also damaged 49. In response to these floods, health cluster reported that International Medical
Corps (IMC) distributed 10,000 mosquito nets. 18 medical teams were put in place, 6 by IMC and 12
by Merlin. WHO provided 5 health facilities. During these floods it lack of communication was observed
46
Detail of Damages Sindh, NDMA
47
Arif, et al (2010), “The 2010 Flood and Poverty in Pakistan: A Preliminary District-level Analysis”, Pakistan Institute of
Development Economics Islamabad, Background Paper for Conference on the " The Environments of the Poor”, 24-26 Nov.
2010, New Delhi
48
Arif, et al (2010), “The 2010 Flood and Poverty in Pakistan: A Preliminary District-level Analysis”, Pakistan Institute of
Development Economics Islamabad, Background Paper for Conference on the " The Environments of the Poor”, 24-26 Nov.
2010, New Delhi
49
WHO, G. N. (8th to 12th September, 2011). Health Initial Rapid Assessment, 22 flood affected disricts in Sindh.
Islamabad

among government offices. It was observed that reporting mechanism was not timely, systematic and
comprehensive 50.
During 2011 rains/floods, Merlin placed 13 medical teams in the district for a quick response to the
rains/floods. Care Int. put 1 team in each BHU. Tardeep Rural Development Programme (TRDP) provided
medical support in 2 UCs of Dadu. Along with these organizations, Muslim Aid supported health
operations in Tehsil Head Quarters Hospital 51.According to floods 2012 initial rapid assessment, no
damage has been reported to any health facility. However, Women, children and elderly people need
immediate health support. The environment is ideal for mosquitoes and flies, which will aggravate the
already worsening situation of malaria in the area. Poor hygiene, sanitation and unsafe water are also
contributing to the poor health status of rain hit communities. Mobile teams and camps can serve the
purpose. Pregnant and lactating women need special attention and nutrition.
2.1.6 Education
During 2010 floods, Out of a total of 2,136 schools, 672 schools were damaged by floods, 45 were
damaged by torrential rains, 184 schools were used as IDP camps and 102 schools were reportedly
damaged by by a combination of floods, rains and IDP camps52. Whereas in the same source total
damaged schools are reported as 996. Schools damaged by levels are
x Primary: 925
x Middle: 24
x Secondary: 39
x Higher Secondary: 8
During 2011 floods, 44 schools (boys’: 32, girls’: 12) were destroyed and 128 (boys’: 106, girls’:
22) were partially damaged 53. As of 8th October 2012, no schools were reportedly damaged by the
2012’s floods
50
Dadu District Profile, Dec 2010. UNOCHA
51
Dadu District Profile, April. UNOCHA
52
Flood Report 2010-11, RSU Sindh
53
District Wise School Damage Assessment & Schools used as IDPs due to Monsoon Rains 2011, UNICSF

3 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis

3.1 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis
Prior to analyzing existing hazards; vulnerability to hazards and capacity to cope with the same of the
district and its population needs to be understood. An explanation of the terms used is given under each
heading, as follows:
3.1.1 Hazard
A hazard is a situation which triggers disaster. But it can be also defined as:
“A potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon or human activity that may cause the Loss of life
or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation” 54. A hazard
is a situation that has the potential to harm the health and safety of people or to damage plant and
equipment. Hazards can be divided into two categories.
Natural Hazard
Natural hazards are natural processes or phenomena within the earth system that may constitute a
damaging event. For example typhoons, tsunamis, earthquake and volcanic eruption cyclones,
earthquakes, floods, landslides, storms are natural hazards.
Man-made Hazard
Any industrial, nuclear, or transportation accident, explosion, power failure, resource shortage, or other
condition, resulting from man-made causes, which threaten or cause damage to property, human
suffering, hardship or loss of life constitute ‘Man-made Hazard.
54
The “Urban Governance and Community Resilience Guides” (ADPC, 2010)

Hazard matrix of District 55
Hazard Frequency Area affected/union councils Severity/Force Year

Floods Monsoon Whole district High 2010,2011, 2012
Heavy rains Monsoon Entire district High 2010,2011, 2012
Epidemics Seasonal Whole district Low Every year
Droughts Rare Entire district Low 1997-2002,
Earthquake Sometimes/rare Whole district Low ----
Transport Accidents Often Entire district Low Every year
3.1.2 Vulnerability
Vulnerability is a situation which is:
“The attributes and circumstances of a community or system that makes it sensitive, vulnerable or
susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard 56”. Vulnerability precedes disasters, contribute to their
severity, hinder and obstruct the disaster response. It is divided into three parts:
Physical/Material Vulnerability
Weakness of the built environment and lack of access to physical and material resources i.e. living in
hazard prone areas or in unsafe buildings, lack of savings, insurance and assets constitutes
physical/material vulnerability.
Social/Organizational Vulnerability
Social/Organizational Vulnerability refers to inequality in social systems that discriminate against and
marginalize certain groups of people from accessing resources and services. People who have been
marginalized in social, economic or political terms are vulnerable to disasters. Weakness in social and
organizational areas may also cause disasters e.g. deep division can lead to conflict and war. Conflict
over resources due to poverty can also lead to violence.
Attitudinal/Motivational Vulnerability
Existence of fatalistic myths and religious beliefs influence people’s vulnerability to disaster risks. If
people believe that disasters are ‘acts of God’ and if they have low confidence in their ability to affect
55
Sindh Contingency Plan 2012
56
Participant’s Course workbook (ADPC)

change or have ‘lost heart’ and feel defeated by events they cannot control, these people are often harder
hit by disasters.
Vulnerability matrix
Physical/material Social/organizational Attitudinal/motivational

According to 1998 census, total
population of the talukas that formed this
district was 1,106,707 persons (estimated
The district is prone to various natural
population for 2013 is 1,666,647). The Sometimes some NGOs run projects with
hazards. River Indus flows North to South
district has an estimated57 growth rate of the Top Down Approach; they draft a plan in
along the eastern boundary of the district.
2.65% per annum, which means that the their offices and just present it to the
The District is flanked by Khirthar range
population will double itself in 26.41 vulnerable communities. As a result,
with highest elevation of 6,878 ft. on the
years58 from 1998. Such rapid growth in projects do not produce fruitful results and
West. This topography makes the district
population gives birth to many socio- do not remain sustainable.
vulnerable to riverine and torrential floods.
economic problems and makes the area
vulnerable to different natural and made-
made hazards.
Like majority of the other districts in Sindh,
district Dadu is rural by its characteristics.
There is a lack of training, appropriate skills
The soils of Dadu district are deficit in 79.30 per cent of the population resides in
and awareness on disaster risk
nitrogenous and phosphatic nutrients. rural areas as compared to the 20.70
management, both at the community and
That’s why the use of fertilizers has per cent that resides in the urban areas.
the public servants’ level. Skills to handle
increased in the area, damaging the quality Most people in the rural areas lack job
emergencies are very weak and need to be
of water and affecting aquatic life. opportunities, health and educational
strengthened.
facilities which escalate the risk against
different hazards. [Floods, rains, droughts]
Dependent population (the population that
In rural areas of the district, women are
is less than 15 years and more than 65
marginalised in disaster risk reduction
years of age including widows and
Small and big industries contribute in process because of social, economic,
divorced women) in the case of Dadu
polluting the environment. Contaminated biological and physical differences. Disaster
district is 47.60 per cent of the total
and polluted water and greenhouses gases impacts women and men differently, even
population and the working population is
from factories chimneys degrading the within the same household. Women have
52.40 per cent, which shows that
environment. less social, economic and political power
dependency ratio59 in the district is 91
and are not represented in formal leadership
per cent, which is very high and as such
structures.
makes the population highly vulnerable
The District lacks required funds for the Lack of coordination amongst all the
Some old age and conservative people are
mitigation and preparedness activities. stakeholders is a major hindrance in
of the view that all disasters are Act of
The people don’t have boats, life jackets implementation and progress of the
Nature and are reflection of our bad deeds.
and no first aid boxes. Disaster Risk Reduction process.
Community-based disaster drills are an
In the whole district, piped water is
important aspect of emergency
available to only 20 per cent of the housing Advocacy seminars and awareness
management, yet so neglected by the
units By drinking unsafe and contaminated campaigns regarding disaster risk reduction
district authorities. These drills provide a
water people gets vulnerable to hepatitis are insufficient.
chance to practice the full spectrum of
and other water born disease.
disaster response.
57
Estimated for 2013
58
Rule of 70 http://controlgrowth.org/double.htm retrieved on 05-03-2012
59
Dependency Ratio= (Population < 15 Years + Population > 65 Years)/ Population 15-65 Years

Reactive approach prevails in the district

i.e., the government and all other
Livelihoods of the people are not There is a lack of Community Based
stakeholders come into action when
sustainable that is it cannot cope with and Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRM)
disaster occurs whereas the need is for
recover from stress and shocks and when projects in the vulnerable areas of the
proactive approach (disaster risk reduction)
disaster strikes; these livelihoods collapse. district. Focus of the different
where actions are taken in advance of the
As a result poor people get poorer and fall organizations working in the area is only
disaster. Therefore, gravity of the situation
under the poverty line. towards relief side.
demands for a paradigm shift from reactive
approach to a proactive one.
3.1.3 Capacity
Capacities are resources, means and strengths, which exist in households and communities and which
enable them to cope with, withstand, prepare for, prevent, mitigate or quickly recover from a disaster.
The combination of all the strengths attributes and resources available within a community, society or
organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals constitute its capacity to cope with hazards60.
Physical/Material Capacity
In most disasters, people suffer their greatest losses in the physical and material realm. Access to
physical/material things or objects count as physical capacity. A few examples of physical and material
resources are cash, food, land, properties and tools.
Social /Organizational Capacity
When everything physical is destroyed, people still has their skills, experiences and knowledge; they
have family and social networks. They have leaders and systems for making decisions. They also have
local, collective ‘wisdom’ reflected in their cultural practices that help them reduce or cope with disaster
risks.
Attitudinal/Motivational Capacity
People also have positive attitudes and strong motivations such as the will to survive and willingness to
help each other.
Capacity matrix

The total health facilities in district Dadu are The overall estimated literacy rate for year
Local and indigenous knowledge of the
71. There are four hospitals, three Rural 2012-13 (for the population of 10 years
people of the district is their real strength.
health centres (RHCs), forty six Basic and above) is 62 %; for males it is 79 and
The local people use their local and
Health Units (BHUs), three Mother Child for females it is 42%. For the urban rural
60
Participant’s Course workbook (ADPC)


Health centre (MCH) and fifteen General comparison, urban literacy rate is higher traditional approaches to overcome the
Dispensaries (GD). These health facilities than the rural. Literate people can easily be negative impacts of hazards.
provide health services both in rural and mobilized and made aware of the different
urban areas of the district, not only as a disaster risks.
routine but also in extreme circumstances.
Livestock is one of the major sub-sector of
The police administration in district Dadu is
agriculture and backbone of country Sometimes local vulnerable
based on 4 police sub-divisions, 15 police
economy. Most farmers in Dadu,
stations and 23 police posts. Police communities, before rainy season, take
traditionally keep a few heads of livestock,
maintain law and order situation and also mitigation measures by strengthening their
ranging from bullocks for draft to buffaloes
helps in evacuation management activities roof tops and boundary walls etc.
or cattle for milk and poultry for eggs &
in time of need61.
meat.
In Dadu District the forest area is spread
over 217.0 thousand hectares which is
18.7% of the total area under forest in At the district level, District Disaster
The teachers, young educated students
Sindh. Dadu district produced 239.0 Management Authority DDMA acts as a
and youth assist the social workers
thousand cubic feet timber wood and 78.0 policy making institute and prepare
working in their communities. They
thousand cft fire wood at the value of Disaster management and relief plans for
organize gatherings for mobilization
Rs.1167.7 thousand which contributes the district and coordinates with other
sessions and act as a catalyst in the field.
about 6.6% of the total value of forest stakeholders.
Timber & Fire wood in Sindh in 1997-
9862.
District Dadu has number of small
manufacturing units. There are three types
Contingency Plans prepared by the DDMA
of major specific Industries in the district
Dadu has assigned roles and
which cover Cement, Sugar and
responsibilities to different district
Pharmaceutical Industries. Besides this, Rural communities have a strong social
departments which has formulated their
two Industrial Estates are established bond and help each other in time of need.
strategies for extreme situations and made
under Sindh Small Industries Corporation
mobile teams for providing in time relief in
in Dadu district. These industries are the
emergency and post disaster.
source of employment and are also useful
in the economic uplift of the people.
After the 2010, 2011 and 2012
floods/rains, different NGOs /INGOs have Continuous disaster situation in the
Dadu district being most mountainous area focused their attentions on shelter, wash, vulnerable communities of the district has
of the Sindh province inherits rich mineral and livelihood activities. These now increased their coping skills.
resources. Coal and lime stone are present organizations include OXFAM, SRSP, They now know that what should be done
in the area along with other minerals which HOPE, CARE, IOM, UNICEF etc63. They before, during and after a disaster however,
generate handsome income for the district. provide funds and relief stuff to the affected they still need more to learn and need
people, to enable them to stand on their awareness about their risks.
own.
The district has good rail road network. The Community organizations are formed by In post flood activities, Psycho-Social
Railway Line runs along with the eastern NGOs in the affected areas to encourage problems of the people (especially children
border of the district. The Indus Highway the local representation. Active people from and women) were addressed by the
passes through the major towns of the the community are part of these psychologists, hired by different
district and functions as the main arterial organizations which facilitate the organizations. Religious scholars (Ulemas)
road connecting other link roads which humanitarian organization work at the also contribute their part by counselling
provide access to rural areas. These roads grass root level. flood affected people.
can be used as evacuation point in flood
61
Ibid
62
Ibid
63
UNOCHA Flood 2010, District Dadu


disaster. Good roads are also helpful in
carrying out relief activities.
The total number of schools in the district
is 2,135. Out of which 1,027 are primary Union council sectaries are very helpful in
schools, 31 are middle schools, 33 are risk assessment process. Because they
secondary, and 8 are higher secondary keep all records of the union council and
schools. These school buildings are also even provide maps of the relevant union
used as shelter and evacuation centres in council.
emergency.
District Dadu has number of small
Law Enforcement Agencies are important
manufacturing units. There are three types
stakeholders in relief activities. Jawans
of major specific Industries in the district
(Soldiers) of Pakistan Army assist the
which cover Cement, Sugar and
affected communities directly and help
Pharmaceutical Industries. Besides this,
them in search and rescue and evacuation,
two Industrial Estates are established
by providing transport facilities. Army
under Sindh Small Industries Corporation
doctors provide medicines and other health
in Dadu district. These industries are the
facilities to the affected people especially to
source of employment and are also useful
the children and women.
in the economic uplift of the people.

4 Sectoral DRR Mitigation Measures

4.1.1 Education
x The NGOs should work on awareness building programs for encouraging enrollment in schools,
by incorporating teachers, students and youth in their community based programs. Increased
enrollment would lead to enhanced literacy and literate people can easily be mobilized and made
aware of the different disaster risks.
x NGOs working in the education sector should organize community-based programs that provide
girls with opportunities to develop their skills (i.e., livelihood skills), providing information to
parents about their children’s learning or about the benefits of education.
x Affected or damaged schools should be repaired and reconstructed on priority basis with DRR
principles in view.
x Government should introduce disaster risk reduction courses for teachers’ training and should
add DRR in the curriculum to support large-scale awareness.
x Local Philanthropists should be encouraged to take initiative to raise an emergency fund for
immediate repair of infrastructure, support to affected poor students and parents after any
disaster.
x Government should introduce a ‘School Safety policy’ taking all locally relevant hazards into
account and adopting DRR measure for the existing schools and construction of new schools.
x From pre-school to secondary school, Integrate DRR trainings into the formal and non-formal
education curricula.
x NGOs and other organizations working in the education sector should organize workshops to
provide teachers with training on disaster preparedness and early warning signs.
x Education department should produce support materials linked with disaster risk reduction for
teaching and learning.
x The Government and NGOs should invest in DRR sector and should corporate DRR measures in
improving school buildings as these can be used as shelter and evacuation centers in case of
emergency.
x Incorporate disaster risk reduction measures i.e, ensure their suitable location and construction
while establishing new schools in order to avoid future hazard threats.
x Humanitarian organizations should take on board the District Education Department and should
provide trainings and necessary skills to the education officials to enable them to prepare School
Based Disaster Risk Management Plans (SBDRM-Plan) for each school in the district.
4.1.2 Infrastructure
x Awareness programs should be organized by District Disaster Management Authority about the
need of land use planning and building codes so that it can be followed by all the stakeholders,
to avoid future threats.
x The Communication and Works department should utilize the available funds on the maintenance
of roads and find alternative routes that can be used in case of emergency.

x Active people from the community can be used for disseminating early warning for the local
endangered communities because people have lot of trust in informal and locally influential
sources of information; e.g. a religious leaders, a teachers, an NGO worker or a local government
official. But firstly these active people should also be trained on EWS.
x Organizations that are involved in construction of homes, health, education and other facilities
should work with the government to establish and strictly enforce strict construction codes so
that of future threats can be mitigated.
x DRR Planners, District and Provincial authorities should identify safe land and location for low
income citizens who are living near the flood prone areas.
x Awareness regarding investment in the DRR sector should be initiated in order to avoid future
threats.
x Waste Water treatment projects should be initiated in district Dadu to avoid deterioration of
aquatic environment.
4.1.3 Health
x NGOs should encourage the community participation in the awareness sessions, programs and
trainings, related to water treatment practices and hygiene practices which will capacitate the
vulnerable communities of the area against the communicable diseases.
x Health department should take care of establishment of health facilities focused on certain
population. All the health related issues should be dealt by them. But the responsibilities have to
be identified.
x Advocacy seminars should be organized at district level for the training of medical staff to
implement National Health Programs.
x DDMA should assign the responsibilities of health department to ensure the availability of
medical and paramedical personal in hospital, BHU’s, MCHC, and RHC’s. Moreover, mobile
health teams should be mobilized so that the health facilitators can visit the local areas to provide
basic health care especially for the vulnerable group such as people with disabilities, elderly
persons, children, females and those who hesitate to go to the hospitals because of cultural
constraint and long distance.
4.1.4 Livelihood
x Fodder stocks should be maintained by the livestock department of the district to cope with
emergencies.
x Livestock owners should be encouraged to insure their cattle heads.
x Capacity can be built through awareness programs on livelihood diversification.
x Flood control and salinity control projects can be conceived to make more land available for
cultivation
x NGO’s organize advocacy seminars, trainings and awareness sessions for improved agricultural
practices by incorporating CBOs’ chairmen and presidents as they have great influence over the
community members.

x Irrigation department should carry out hydraulic studies so that flooding can be avoided and find
out catchment areas and water courses for surface run off.
4.1.5 Food
x Stockpiling of essential food items should be encouraged among the community through
awareness programs.
x Number of Food distribution point should be established in the emergency hit area and should
be easily accessible to most of the needy population.
x For extremely vulnerable groups such as elderly persons, people with disabilities, female and
children, separate desk and queues at food distribution point should be established so that they
do not suffer difficulties in attaining food
x Civil administration should look after the availability of food.
4.1.6 Wash
x Innovative approaches are required to ensure the availability of low-cost, simple, and locally
acceptable water and sanitation interventions. Integrating these approaches into existing social
institutions such as schools, markets, and health facilities is required.
x Taluka Municipal workers should monitor the quality of water and should distribute chlorine
tablets for water purification in order to avoid diseases like cholera and hepatitis etc. Big water
tanks/reservoirs should also be cleaned regularly.
x DRR measures should be incorporated in the construction of sewerage system in order to
minimize the possibility of over flowing of sewage water in rainy days and to mitigate the hygiene
issues.
4.1.7 Government and Humanitarian Sector

x District Disaster Management Authority should coordinate with the NGOs working in different
sectors to address the problems of people. The NGOs working on different projects can be
invited and can be asked for initiation of DRR projects in the vulnerable areas of the district.
x Coordination among key stakeholders should be strengthened for the implementation of disaster
risk reduction measures and effective emergency response through assignment of responsibility
to each stakeholder. Stakeholders must have joint meetings to address the issues faced by them.
x District Disaster Management Authority should appeals for assistance through media at the
national and international level.
x NGOs should follow the bottom up approach for the initiation of any CBDRM project. The bottom-
up approach implies that whole process should start at the community level. Community
members should invite to participate in every step of the planning process. It will give a sense
of ownership to the community who in turn constructively contribute to achieve project
objectives.

5 Coordination and Support Services

5.1 Important Contacts
5.1.1 Departmental Focal Points
S# Department Office In charge Designation Location Office

Mr.Nasir Abbas Samro DC Dadu 025-9200250
1 Administration Mr Anees Ahmed Dasti ADC-I Dadu 025-9200277
Mr.Tariq Anwar Kokar ADC-II Dadu 025-9200278
2 Agriculture Mr. Ameer Ali Nizamani DDO-Agriculture Dadu 025-9200290
3 Health Mr.Javed Aman DHO-Health Dadu 025-9200087
4 Education Mr. Maqsood Qureshi DEO-Education Dadu 025-9200210
5 Works &Services Haji Perphio Sadu Do (W&S) Dadu 025-9200282
5.1.2 Emergency Response

S.No Name or Organizations Office Contact
1 Edhi Ambulance 115
2 Electricity Complaint 118
3 Police Emergency 15
4 Telephone (Complaint) 1218
5 Telephone Enquiry 1217
6 Sui Gas Help line 1199
7 PIA Flight enquiry 114
8 TCS Courier 025-4611689
5.1.3 List of NGOs Working in District

Name Contact
Foundation for Urban and Rural Development (FURD) 0254-004776/ 0300-3252979
Quatulaeen 022-444501/ 0300-3795423
HANDS 025-4610011, 021-34532804
Gorakh Foundation 025-4610401/03003645129

Name Contact
Strengthening Participatory Organization (SPO) 051-2228681-4
CARE 051-2855924-5, 2254738-9, 2254738-9
ACF 051-2250212
ADMIRAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION 0300-3270452
UNICEF 051-2097700
Pakistan Red Crescent Society (PRCS) 051-9250404-5/051-9250494
Medical Emergency Relief International (Merlin) 051-8438494
Community Development Organization (CDO) 051-4901011
American Refugees Committee (ARC) 051-2654101-3
Ghot Sudhar Sanghat Sindh 0254-730530, 0344-3888564
Pakistan National Forum on Women's Health (PNFWH) 021-32231534
Sukkar Blood and Drugs Donating Society (SBDDS) 071-5612024
Relief Department Emergency Cell 0298-772435
Muslim Aid 051-2102249/ 051-2102252
WHO 051-9255077
Secours Islamique France 051-2294826
Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai Welfare Society (SALBWS) 021-34680660
Society for Environmental Actions Re-Construction and Humanitarian Response
0254-711160
(SEARCH)
Excel Development Organization (EDO) 0254-710174/ 0300-3270050
International Medical Corps (IMC) 091-5851984-6
Foundation for Urban and Rural Development 0092-25-4004776, 0092-25-4016378
Source: HIM Pakistan
5.2 Health Facilities

List of health facilities are provided by WHO for 2010
TEHSIL UC NAME TYPE

Dadu Allahabad TAJUJI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Allahabad IBRAHIM PANHWAR BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Kalhora SAMTANI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Khudabad PHAKA BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Makhdoom Sahib BHAWAL PUR BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Makhdoom Sahib RAWAT KHAN LAGHARI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Makhdoom Sahib MAKHDOOM BILAWAL BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Muradabad Channa KAMAL KHAN LUND BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Pat PAT BASIC HEALTH UNIT

TEHSIL UC NAME TYPE

Dadu Pat SITA VILLAGE BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Phulji Station MONDER BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Phulji Station SAEEDPUR BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Phulji Station PHULJI STATION BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Piaro Station PIARO GOTH BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Piaro Station KHERO BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Pipri PIPRI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Sial AMINANI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Dadu Phulji Station PURANO DERO DISPENSARY
Dadu Piaro Station JAT SHAHDAD KHAN DISPENSARY
Dadu Sial CIVIL HOSPITAL, DADU HOSPITAL
Dadu Monder DADU MATERNAL & CHILD HEALTH CENTRE
Johi Bahawalpur ALLAHYARANI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Drigh Bala HAJI KHAN BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Pat Gul Mohammad PAT GUL MUHAMMAD BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Phulji PHULJI VILLAGE BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Tando Rahim Khan WAHI PANDHI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Tor DRIGH BALA BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Tor TOUNG BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Johi Chhini THANDO RAHIM KHAN DISPENSARY
Johi Bahawalpur TALUKA HOSPITAL, JOHI HOSPITAL
Khairpur Nathan Shah Butra DHANI BUX BUGHIO BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Gozo GOZO BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Gozo SATANI CHANDIA BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Kakar KALO KHOHAR BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Kakar CHOWKHANDI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Kandechukhi BAID BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Mitho Babar KHANPUR BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Khairpur Nathan Shah Thalho TALUKA HOSPITAL, KHAIRPUR Nathan HOSPITAL
Khairpur Nathan Shah Butra SITA ROAD RURAL HEALTH CENTRE
Mehar Baledai BALEDAI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Bali Shah AGHAMANI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Bali Shah BALI SHAH BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Beto ESSO KHAN THEBO BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Beto BETO BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Bothro SOJHRO GORAR BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Khan-jo-goth FARIDABAD BASIC HEALTH UNIT

TEHSIL UC NAME TYPE

Mehar Kolachi KOLACHI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Kolachi MANGWANI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Mangwani CHHORE BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Nao Goth NAU GOTH BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Nao Goth RADHAN STATION BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Nao Goth THARIRI MUHABBAT BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Thariri Muhabat BUT SERAI BASIC HEALTH UNIT
Mehar Beto TALUKA HOSPITAL, MEHAR HOSPITAL

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ISSN : 2410-8820

205-C 2nd Floor, Evacuee Trust Complex, F-5/1, Islamabad

205-C, 2nd Floor, Evacuee Trust Complex,

195-1st floor, Deans Trade Center,

Thank you all

Syed Mehdi ul Hasnain Bokhari

Prof. M. Qasim Jan

1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 14

2 Disaster History and Its Impact ............................................................................40

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

2.1.4 Analysis of Food Security Situation ............................................................................ 49

3 Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis ..........................................................51

4 Sectoral DRR Mitigation Measures.......................................................................57

5 Coordination and Support Services ......................................................................60

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

Table 1.1-1: Administrative Division of District ................................................................................. 16

List of Tables and Maps

1: Critical Infrastructure Map ........................................................................................................... 15

1: District Dadu at a Glance ............................................................................................................. 13

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

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PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

GOZO THALHO BALI

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

MIAN YAR Iran

1.1.3 Culture (Ethnicity, Religion and Politics)

1.1.4 Administrative Division

Table 1.1-1: Administrative Division of District

Knungo Number of Mouzas

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

Knungo Number of Mouzas

1.1.5 Road Network Infrastructure

Table 1.1-2: Mouzas Reporting Sources of Irrigation

NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING SOURCE OF IRRIGATION

NUMBER 307 229 16 112 1 5 58 3

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

NUMBERS OF MOUZAS REPORTING SOURCE OF IRRIGATION

Table 1.1-3: Irrigation by the source type

Irrigation Type 2008-09 2009-10

1.1.7 Solid Waste management

Current Situation of Solid Waste Management (SWM)

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

Solid Waste Management (SWM)

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

Initial Contribution in Initial Contribution in Services in Katchi Services in Pacci

Table 1.1-5: Street Sweepers by Contractual Relationship to TMA

Table 1.1-6: Variation in Expenses for O&M

Table 1.1-7: Operating Procedures in SWM – An Overview of Practices

PAKISTAN EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ©2015 www.alhasan.com

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