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Sequence Cauchy Sequence Problem and Solution

The document discusses the convergence of the sequence Vn defined by yn = n + (-1)^n. It shows that {yn} is an increasing sequence, and is therefore bounded above. It then proves that {yn} is a convergent sequence.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
301 views

Sequence Cauchy Sequence Problem and Solution

The document discusses the convergence of the sequence Vn defined by yn = n + (-1)^n. It shows that {yn} is an increasing sequence, and is therefore bounded above. It then proves that {yn} is a convergent sequence.

Uploaded by

Free Hit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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divergence of the sequence Vni

ESTablish the convergence or

1 , n eN
+ ++
Yn n+1 n+2 2n

10
Solwtion: Here. yns n

2n+2 +1 2n+1 2(+ 1) (2n +D2n+2) >0

is an increasing sequence. Now,


Thus. {y,}

n k n + 1, for & = 1. 2. n. Thus for k . 2,.


n+k n+1

Hence,
+ (n (n times)
i.e.
Ynn+1 n+1 n+l

,S4TSi
n+1
So, ly,} is bounded above.

Hence, {y,} is convergent


35. Correct or justify
s e q u e n c e .

:x, =
2 sin k is a
Cauchy

k=1
k=1 k2
convergent sequo
a
Solution: We know that if u, =
then n
and hence is a Cauchysequence. i.e., for all eE 0 there
Now, we shall show that {x.), is a Cauchy s e q u e n c e
exists p EN such that for all m, E
n 2 p, \mn
e> 0. Since {u.. is a Cauchy sequence,
so tnere exists p eN
E Ustake
such that for all m, n 2 p, \um 4 E
Let us take m, n 2 p and m Sn.

sin k
Then
l- =

k=m+1k P
sin(By
k triangle inequality)
k=m+1|2

ikm+
n (::/sin k| 1)

- k =m+1 k (:>0)
Therefore, {x,}, is a Cauchy sequence.
n
36.n+1 is a Cauchy sequence.[C.H., 2001

Solution: Let Then for m>n


X,n+1
m m-n

wm m+1 n +1| (m +1(n +1)


1 m +1 n+1
e n
if n>
t
=

We
choose no
>
no» lmX e holds for any preassigned e 0)
Then for m>n

is a Cauchy sequence.
n+1),
is not a Cauchy sequence. IC.H, 2002]
37.
Show that
Show th. {2",
Golution: Let e = 1. For m > n
U, 2" and we
= choose
made lessthan arbitrary
U-Up"-2"|=2"(2m--1)>2 and can never be
we choose m> n>ng where n is a positive integer.
nositive & in whatever way
(2" is not a Cauchy sequence.
where
38. Prove that
the sequence {u
=1-+- +-1)-is convergent seque
a

IC.H,1992]
{u,}, is a Cauchy sequence and
Solution: We shall show that the sequence
hence it is convergent.
Here for q> p (p and q are integers).

t +(-1)9-1L
l -1P+(-Dp+
P+1

LL).
p+2 p+3p+4 p+5)
(each term within bracket is positive)
p+1
4- < P+l <e if p > no where n is integral part of .
We see that lu -

u,< E if m, n> no
4is a Cauchy sequence.
39. Show that the sequence
{a,), defined Dy

Jsin n. (n = 1, 2, 3, .) has a convergent subsequence but


the 2
sequence is not
convergent. C.H, 1999, B.H, 2002]
oWe consider the increasing sequence {1, 5, 9,
then the sequence
of natural numbers,
forms a subsequence of {a,n For n =
1, 5. 9 in n.
a, as, ag}

4 8 2 which
Then the subsequence
is converges to 1.

Again we consider the increasing sequence {2, 4, 6, . . o f natural


ral
for which the sequence {az, 4 number
6, ag .}is {0, 0, 0, ..} which
converges
Thus we get two subsequences of ta,s, converging to two differo to
s
0
Hence the sequence is not convergent. nt values.

40. The nth term of a sequence (a,),is given by a,1-sin n


Find two subsequences of la one of which
converges to the upner
and the other converges to the lower limit of {a,) limit
C.H, 2001
Solution: - I Ssin S1
2
.The upper limit is
I and the lower limit is -

1.
For the
sequence {1, 5, 9, ...} of natural numbers,
subsequence {a1, a5, ag,.) forms the

sin n=1 for n =1,5,9,...


2
which converges to 1.
Again for the sequence {3, 7, 11, .} of natural
subsequence {a3, a7, a| ..of {4,3n numbers, we have the

For n= 3, 7, 11..., sin n.= -1.


2

The members of the 8-48 -120


subsequence are

The
49 121
949
subsequence converges to -

1.
We conclude, therefore, that the sequence {a.}, is not convergent.
41. Examine the convergence
of the sequence {x,} wher,
Solution : Here we see
that x2 0 and x2n+1 where n E N.
2

Thus, lim X2n


=0 and lim Xzn+1
Hence the
sequence fx.} is not convergent.

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