Experiment No. 1 TITLE: Temperature Measuring Devices Objectives

Experiment No.
TITLE: Temperature Measuring Devices
OBJECTIVES:
1. To study the various temperature measuring devices and their uses

2.
3.
THEORY:
Temperature and heat are related to each other. However, they are not
the same. Temperature is a measure of the ability of the body to give up heat to
other bodies or to absorb heat from other bodies. Heat, however is thermal
energy that is being absorbed by one body, which is given up by another body,
due to temperature difference. Note that it is possible for a body to have a high
temperature and give off a small amount of heat, or a low temperature and give
large amount of heat. Therefore, to determine the heat given off by a system is to
have knowledge in temperature changes that have occurred, heat absorbed with
such changes in temperature is known as possible or sensible heat.
Basically however, heat may be transferred with the temperature

remaining constant, heat absorbed in this condition is called latent heat. Latent
heat is the heat which produces a change in phase on a substance as it is
added, but without showing any changes in temperature. The phase of the
material refers to solid, liquid or gas. The heat added has caused to molecules to
break away from each other but at no increased in speed, thus registering no
change in temperature.
The device temperature scales are Celsius C, Fahrenheit F, Kelvin and
the degree Rankine R scales:
F = 1.8 C + 32
R = F + 460
K = C + 273
where:
The equality of heat produces by a change of temperature of a body is:
Q = mc (T - T)
where:
c = specific heat of medium, kJ/kg.K
Q = produce heat, kJ
m = the mass of substance or body, kg
T1 = initial temperature, K
T2 = final temperature, K
Temperature can be measured in different ways, through changes of
some properties of a substance, medium or body used, these are:
1. Change in volume of fluid while its pressure remains constant, the change
in volume is correlated with changes of temperature.
2. Change in electrical resistivity.
Eq. 1.0, R = a + bt + ct²
where:
t = temperature in °C
R = resistivity in metals (Ω)
a, b, c = constants
3. Change in electrical potential when two different metals of different
temperatures are to be joined together, electromotive force is generated.
This force can be generated with the change in temperature.
4. Optical changes within the instrument, the source of light with brightness
adjusted with some brightness of hot body, where temperature is desire.
The adjustment made to the same brightness is correlated with the
temperature of hot body.
Calibration of the temperature measuring devices can be done by the

following methods:
1. Comparison of a standard temperature measuring devices.
2. Using fixed and acceptable temperature point such as the ice and the
steam point of water at standard atmospheric pressure.
APPARATUS:
Mercury filled glass thermometers (low, medium, high range and

standard), water bath and electric heater, barometer.
PROCEDURE:
Clean the apparatus/equipment/tools to be used and examine them of

possible breakage. Check the room temperature and get the thermometer
reading against the ice point of water then apply heat. Check the thermometer
reading every 3 min until it reaches the boiling point. Tabulate all data generated.
REPORT:
1. What are the different types of temperature measuring devices? Give the
recommended type to be used for power plant testing.
2. Give different ways of rejoining the mercury of a liquid filled thermometer,
which has separated already.
3. One kg of gas (R = 0.112 KJ/kg-K and k = 1.7) receives 75 000 calories of
heat during a reversible constant pressure change of state. The initial
temperature is 29.7°C, determine the final temperature.
4. Two kg of gas (R = 0.209 KJ/kg-K and k = 1.25) undergo a non-flow,
V= C process from 5.36 kPa and 60°C to a 16 kPa. Determine the final
temperature and the heat transferred.
5. A certain metal has a resistance of 60Ω at 0°C, 64.8Ω at 100°C and 75.6Ω
at 200°C. Determine the constant a, b and c using eq. 1.0.
Tabulated Data:
Temperature, 0C
Room Temperature
Melting of Ice
(Ice Point)
Boiling Point
(100 0C)
Trials Time Temperature,

0C
1 3 min after _
2 6 _
3 9 _
4 12 _
5 15 _
: : :
: : :
: : :
: : :
100 0C
ANSWERS TO THE REPORT:
DISCUSSION:
CONCLUSION:
REFERENCES:

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Experiment No.

TITLE: Temperature Measuring Devices

1. To study the various temperature measuring devices and their uses

Basically however, heat may be transferred with the temperature

Calibration of the temperature measuring devices can be done by the

Mercury filled glass thermometers (low, medium, high range and

Clean the apparatus/equipment/tools to be used and examine them of

Trials Time Temperature,

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