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    Dravidian and Indo Aryan Style

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    lavanya
    The document summarizes the key differences between northern and southern Hindu temple architectural styles in India. The northern or Indo-Aryan style originated around 600 AD and is characterized by a rectangular plan with a curved pyramidal roof over the inner chamber and stepped roof over the porch. In contrast, the southern or Dravidian style emerged around 625 AD and features a separate entrance tower called a gopuram as well as additional halls and water tanks within a walled compound. Some notable examples of each style include the Sun Temple at Konark in the north and the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur in the south.

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    Dravidian and Indo Aryan Style

    Uploaded by

    lavanya
    394 views6 pages
    The document summarizes the key differences between northern and southern Hindu temple architectural styles in India. The northern or Indo-Aryan style originated around 600 AD and is characterized by a rectangular plan with a curved pyramidal roof over the inner chamber and stepped roof over the porch. In contrast, the southern or Dravidian style emerged around 625 AD and features a separate entrance tower called a gopuram as well as additional halls and water tanks within a walled compound. Some notable examples of each style include the Sun Temple at Konark in the north and the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur in the south.

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    Dravidian and indo aryan style

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    The document summarizes the key differences between northern and southern Hindu temple architectural styles in India. The northern or Indo-Aryan style originated around 600 AD and is characterized by a rectangular plan with a curved pyramidal roof over the inner chamber and stepped roof over the porch. In contrast, the southern or Dravidian style emerged around 625 AD and features a separate entrance tower called a gopuram as well as additional halls and water tanks within a walled compound. Some notable examples of each style include the Sun Temple at Konark in the north and the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur in the south.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    394 views6 pages

    Dravidian and Indo Aryan Style

    Uploaded by

    lavanya
    The document summarizes the key differences between northern and southern Hindu temple architectural styles in India. The northern or Indo-Aryan style originated around 600 AD and is characterized by a rectangular plan with a curved pyramidal roof over the inner chamber and stepped roof over the porch. In contrast, the southern or Dravidian style emerged around 625 AD and features a separate entrance tower called a gopuram as well as additional halls and water tanks within a walled compound. Some notable examples of each style include the Sun Temple at Konark in the north and the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur in the south.

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    Beginning of Dravidian Temple style and Indo Aryan Temple

    O Have a
    O Dravidian style of architecture is mainly found in separate
    Temple architecture of south India namely in states of entry gate
    Tamil Nadu, Karnataka.Kerala, andAndhra Pradesh.
    called

    Classified underearly Guptas and chaulakyas and Gopuram,


    also by the kings of the Pallava dynasty, the Cholas, highly
    decorated
    the Pandyas, the Vijay anagara Kings and by the
    and carved
    Nayaks of Madura.

    Architectural Historian sub divide the period of


    Dravidian Architectural growth into:

    1.Pallava Period, 600-900AD


    2.Chola Period, 700-1150 AD
    3.Pandava Period, 1100-1350AD
    4.Vijayanagara Period and 1350-1565AD capstone In elevation=
    5.Nayakkar Period. 1565-1600 AD Plinth
    vimana
    Shikhara
    axismundimandapas Vimana
    The temple shape may be rectangular, sarbagriha
    square, star-shaped, or octagonal.
    image
    plirh Mandapa
    Examples like, Brihadhaeshwara Temple,
    Shore temples, Mahabalipuram, kanchepuram southen-style temple
    Indo-Aryan style of Architecture are mainly
    found in Temple Architecture of Northern
    India namely in Orissa, Rajasthan and
    Gujarat
    er to
    Examples like Sun Temple in Konark.
    Muktesvara Temple in Orisa.

    It can be classified only under early Guptas


    and chaulakyas.
    O Usually had square planning
    Indo-Aryan temples
    number of columns.
    Comparatively have less axismundi
    amalaka
    mandapas
    shikhara
    Here God or Goddess are mostly made in garbhagriha
    white marble. image plint

    northern-style temple

    In elevation:
    Plinth
    Shikhara
    Mandapa
    TYPES OF HINDU TEMPLES

    Northern Hindu style orIndo- Aryan


    style (A.D 600 to the present day)

    South Hindu style or Dravidian style

    (A.D 625-1750to the present day)

    Ar. Hena Tiwari/GCAD,S onipat


    (3-) HINDU (OR BRAHMAN) ARCHITECTURE,
    (a.) NORTHERN HINDU (A.D. 600 to the present time).
    .The normaltype of plan consists of the vimana or cell crowned
    with
    curved pyramidal roof, and the porch without columns
    crowned with steppedroof in stories. Each façade has rectangular
    projections inthe centre,which increased in depth as the style
    INDIAN ARCHITECTURE.
    623
    developed, until they formed the points of a square on plan. In
    addition to these two chambers, others were added in more important
    examples. The large inclosures and gateways of the Dravidian
    style are wanting. Orissa, on the east coast, contains a remark-
    able series of monuments dating from A.D. 500-1200. The ancient
    city of Bhuvaneswar contains some hundreds of examples The
    best known is the Great Temple (A.D. 617-657), quoted as the
    finestin India. It is a four-chambered example; every stoneon
    its façades 1s carved, the courses being deeply rusticated. The
    principal vimana is crowned with the usual northern high curved
    Pyramidal roof with melon ornament and finial.
    Other examples are at Kanaruc(No. 266 E) (the Black
    Pagoda, ninth century), and Puri (the four-chambered temple
    of Juganåt, A.D: I174), the latter being placed in a large double
    inclosure surrounded by a wall 20 teet high.
    In Dharwar, on the western coast, are examples in which
    pillars are employed, as the Temple of Papanetha, A.D. 500,
    influenced by Dravidian architecture.
    Important groups exist at Chandravati, in Rajputana (A.D.
    6o0), Baroli (a.D. 750), and Udaipor (A.D. 1060). At Khajurâho
    (A.D. 954-1000) is a group of thirty important temples, of which
    that dedicated to Kandarya Mahadeo is the most important. It
    is a two-chambered example, placed on a well-proportioned stylo-
    bate, with three rows of sculptured figures, half life-size, nearly one
    thousand in number. The sikra is enriched by the addition of
    sculptured representations of itself-a favourite Indian method.
    Modern monuments exist at Chittore, Gwalior, Kantonugger
    (A.D. 1704), and Amritzar (A.D. 1704), the sacred metropolis of
    the Sikhs.
    Civil Architecture. Palaces, tombs, and gháts (landing
    places) abound. The ghâts. lining the great rivers, such as the
    Ganges, are typical'Indian features; they are used by the Hlindus
    as bathing places, and consist of long ranges of steps, stopped
    by kiosks and backed by buildings with ornamental façades, used
    as shelters, or temples.
    (c.) DRAVIDIAN ARCHITECTURE (A.D. 1350-1750).
    Raths.The rock-cut examples known as Raths'" at
    Mahavellipore (near Madras), and Ellora (A.D. 750-950o), are
    peculiar (No. 275). They differ from other rock-cut examples,
    being monolithic free standing temples, the surrounding rock being
    cut away so that external façades are visible.
    Temples. 1 normal type, as in the Jaina examples, has a
    square vimana
    with a
    to contain
    many-storied
    the image of the deity, and
    pyramidal roof; in front is a "
    is crowned
    mantapa " or

    porch (No. 276). In addition are the choultries" or halls of 1,o00


    columns, placed close to the Temples, and the characteristic
    gopuras, or gate pyramids (No. 277), forming entrances to the
    inclosures which usually surround the shrines. In conjunction
    are planned the shrines, lakes (or tanks of water for religious
    purposes), and flights of steps; such are often grouped with little
    regard to symmetry, and inclosed by a high wall, as in Egyptian
    temples.
    Tanjore (fourteenth century), with its thirteen-storied highly-
    enriched Pyramidal sikra (No. 276), Mandüra (A.D. 1623-1645),
    with its celebrated Gopura (No. 277), and Choultrie, 333 feet by
    IO5 feet, and columns with life-sized sculptured figures attached;
    Seringham (seventeenth century), with its fifteen great gopuras,
    Tinnevelly, with its double temple and hall of 1,000 columns,
    Conjeveram, Vellore (A.D. 1350), Tarputry (No. 278), and
    Chillambaram (seventeenth and eighteenth century), are the
    best known monuments.

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