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    Assignment No 1-Converted Abc

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    Aleena Kanwal
    This document contains an assignment submission for a computer networks lab. The student, Rimsha Kanwal from class BEE-7B, answered two questions about network cable connections in Packet Tracer 5.0 and the seven layers of the OSI model. The response describes the different types of network cables like console, copper, fiber optic, phone and coaxial cables and their typical connections. It also provides a detailed explanation of the seven layers of the OSI model from the physical layer up to the application layer.

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    Assignment No 1-Converted Abc

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    Aleena Kanwal
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    This document contains an assignment submission for a computer networks lab. The student, Rimsha Kanwal from class BEE-7B, answered two questions about network cable connections in Packet Tracer 5.0 and the seven layers of the OSI model. The response describes the different types of network cables like console, copper, fiber optic, phone and coaxial cables and their typical connections. It also provides a detailed explanation of the seven layers of the OSI model from the physical layer up to the application layer.

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    This document contains an assignment submission for a computer networks lab. The student, Rimsha Kanwal from class BEE-7B, answered two questions about network cable connections in Packet Tracer 5.0 and the seven layers of the OSI model. The response describes the different types of network cables like console, copper, fiber optic, phone and coaxial cables and their typical connections. It also provides a detailed explanation of the seven layers of the OSI model from the physical layer up to the application layer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    53 views4 pages

    Assignment No 1-Converted Abc

    Uploaded by

    Aleena Kanwal
    This document contains an assignment submission for a computer networks lab. The student, Rimsha Kanwal from class BEE-7B, answered two questions about network cable connections in Packet Tracer 5.0 and the seven layers of the OSI model. The response describes the different types of network cables like console, copper, fiber optic, phone and coaxial cables and their typical connections. It also provides a detailed explanation of the seven layers of the OSI model from the physical layer up to the application layer.

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    Department of Electrical Engineering

    EE-462 Computer Networks Lab

    Assignment no: 01
    Name: Rimsha Kanwal
    Roll Number: 150252
    Class: BEE-7B (Power)

    Submitted To: Engr. Aqib Khan

    Date: oct 7, 2018


    QUESTION NO 1:
    Describe connections of wires used in Packet Tracer 5.0?
    Ans: The Different types of wires available in packet tracers are following below
    • Console Cable
    • Copper Straight Through & Copper Cross-Over.
    • Fiber Optic.
    • Phone Cable.
    • Coaxial Cable.
    • Serial DCE & DTE.
    • Octal.

    CONSOLE CABLE: This cable is typically flat (and usually has a light blue color) to
    help distinguish it from other types of network cabling. This one piece cable is used for
    connecting your computer's serial port to the RJ45 console port on most Cisco equipment
    ❖ Connection: PC/Laptop/Generic to Router/Switch.

    Copper Straight Through : A straight-through cable is the standard configuration of


    network cable. Two computers cannot communicate if connected together by a straight-
    through cable, because both will transmit on the transmit channel.
    ❖ Connection: PC ,Server, Laptop, or Printer to Switch
    PC ,Server, Laptop, or Printer to Hub
    PC ,Server, Laptop, or Printer to Modem
    PC ,Server ,Laptop, or Printer to Cloud
    Router to Switch
    Router to Hub
    Router to Modem
    Router to cloud

    Copper Cross-Over: A crossover cable is the same cable, but with a connector at one end
    wired differently. A crossover cable converts transmit to receive and receive to transmit at
    one end of the cable.

    ❖ Connection: PC, Server, Laptop, or printer to PC


    PC, Server, Laptop, or printer to Server
    PC, Server, Laptop, or printer to Laptop
    PC, Server, Laptop, or printer to Printer
    Switch to Hub
    Switch to Switch
    Hub to Hub
    Router w/o Serial to Router and PC to PC
    Fiber optics: A fiber optic cable is a network cable that contains strands of glass fibers
    inside an insulated casing. These cables are designed for long distance and very high
    bandwidth (gigabit speed) network communications.
    ❖ Connection: All with fiber ports.

    Phone Cable: A standard specifies both a physical connector and how it is wired. Though
    four wires are typically used in phone cabling, only two are necessary for
    telecommunication. In the event that a second line is needed, the other two are used.
    ❖ Connection: Cloud to DSL Modem
    VoIP to Analog Phone
    Analog Phone to Analog Phone

    Coaxial Cable: Coaxial cables are a type of cable that is used by cable TV and that is
    common for data communications. A single center solid wire symmetrically surrounded by a
    braided or foil conductor. Between the center wire and foil is a insulating dielectric.
    ❖ Connection: Cloud to Cable Modem
    Cable Modem to Co-Ax Splitter (hub)
    Co-Ax Splitter to TV
    Cable Modem to TV
    Cloud to TV
    TV to TV

    Serial DCE & DTE:A serial cable is a cable used to transfer information between two
    devices using a serial communication protocol. Devices that communicate over a serial
    interface are divided into two classes: DTE and DCE. The most important difference between
    these types of devices is that the DCE device supplies the clock signal that paces the
    communications on the bus
    ❖ Connection: Router to Router
    Cloud to Router
    QUESTION NO 2
    Write a note on 7 layers of OSI Model?
    OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a reference model for how applications communicate
    over a network.A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships.
    The purpose of the OSI reference model is to guide vendors and developers so the digital
    communication products and software programs they create can interoperate, and to facilitate
    a clear framework that describes the functions of a networking or telecommunication system.
    The main concept of OSI is that the process of communication between two endpoints in a
    network can be divided into seven distinct groups of related functions, or layers. Each
    communicating user or program is on a device that can provide those seven layers of
    function.
    Layer 1: The physical layer. This layer conveys the bit stream across the network
    either electrically, mechanically or through radio waves. The physical layer covers a variety
    of devices and mediums, among them cabling, connectors, receivers, transceivers and
    repeaters.

    Layer 2: The data-link layer. This layer sets up links across the physical network,
    putting packets into network frames. This layer has two sub-layers: the logical link control
    layer and the media access control layer (MAC). MAC layer types include Ethernet and
    802.11 wireless specifications.

    Layer 3: The network layer. This layer handles addressing and routing the data --
    sending it in the right direction to the right destination on outgoing transmissions and
    receiving incoming transmissions at the packet level. IP is the network layer for the internet.

    Layer 4: The transport layer. This layer manages packetization of data, then the
    delivery of the packets, including checking for errors in the data once it arrives. On the
    internet, TCP and UDP provide these services for most applications as well.

    Layer 5: The session layer. This layer sets up, coordinates and terminates
    conversations. Its services include authentication and reconnection after an interruption. On
    the internet, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
    provide these services for most applications.

    Layer 6: The presentation layer. This layer is usually part of an operating system
    (OS) and converts incoming and outgoing data from one presentation format to another -- for
    example, from clear text to encrypted text at one end and back to clear text at the other.

    Layer 7: The application layer. This is the layer at which communication partners are
    identified , Is there someone to talk to? network capacity is assessed , Will the network let
    me talk to them right now? , and where the data or application is presented in a visual form
    the user can understand. This layer is not the application itself, it is the set of services an
    application should be able to make use of directly, although some applications may perform
    application-layer functions.

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