IELTS-WriteRight-writing Task 1

IELTS – Write Right - Retyped by : Hội các sĩ tử luyện thi IELTS
24
https://www.facebook.com/VietnameseIELTSCommunity
Question Types
One particular challenging aspect of Academic Writing Task 1 is the range of different
question types used (see below). Although this may seem daunting at first, it is important
to remember that the same data can be presented in many different ways and that two
very different graphs or diagrams are often very similar to column graphs. It is, therefore,
often possible to use exactly the same sentence structures and vocabulary to describe
them. A wide range of different question types have been included in the following pages
in order to highlight the similarities and differences in the language needed to describe
each of the various question types that you may face. Note that the words “graphs” and
“chart” are used interchangeably and that the word “figure” is used to refer to any
graph, chart or diagram.
OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

http://www.facebook.com/onlinespeakingclub
25
Line Graph
Question 1 Birth Rates In China and the USA

WRITING TASK 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The graph below compares changes in the birth rates of China and the USA between
1920 and 2000.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Birth Rates in China and the USA
25
20
15
USA
10 China
0
1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

26
Model Answer A: IELTS Band 5+
The figure given shows the birth rates of China and the USA between 1920 and 2000. Clearly,
both rates fluctuated dramatically during this period.
China’s birth rate rose from around 10 percent in the 1920s to 15 percent in 1935. Then it fell
sharply to around 5 percent in both 1940 and 1945. It increased rapidly to a peak of 20 percent in
1950. After this it fell dramatically to less than 10 percent in 1955. Finally, it decrease steadily to
about 2 percent in 1980 and remained at this level until 2000.
Meanwhile, the US birth rate fluctuated at around 12 percent from 1920 to 1940. It decreased
dramatically to under 5 percent in 1945. Next it increased rapidly to a peak of about 15 percent
in 1950. After 1950, it fell gradually to about 12 percent in the 1960s and around 7 or 8 percent
during the last 20 years of this period.
Therefore, although the US birth rate generally higher than the birth rate of China (especially
after 1950), both birth rates followed a very similar trend.
(190 words)

27
Model Answer B: IELTS Band 7+
A glance at the graph provided reveals some striking similarities between the Chinese and US
birth rates during the period from 1920 to 2000. It is evident that both nations saw considerable
fluctuations in fertility, with lows during the 1940s and highs during the 1950s.
Increasing from approximately 10 percent in 1920 to 15 percent in 1935, China’s birth rate then
plunged to a low of just 5 percent in the 1940s. This was followed by a period of exponential
growth, with fertility in the country reaching a peak of 20 percent in 1950. The latter half of the
century, however, brought a sustained decline in this figure.
The US birth rate, meanwhile, fluctuated at somewhere between 11 and 13 percent prior to 1940,
before dropping sharply to less than 5 percent in 1945. The following 5 years saw a rapid climb
in this rate, to somewhere in the vicinity of 15 percent in 1950, followed by a steady fall.
It is interesting to note that while the birth rates of both countries were comparable until 1950,
the gap between the two widened after this time as fertility in China slid away.
(207 words)

28
MODEL SENTENCE STRUCTURES
There graph shows some similarities between the birth rates of China and the
IELTS 5
USA from 1920 to 2000.
The graph provided reveals some surprising similarities between the Chinese
Sentence 1 IELTS 6
and the US birth rates during the period from 1920 to 2000.
A glance at the graph provided reveals some striking similarities between the
IELTS 7+
Chinese and the US birth rates during the period from 1920 to 2000.
Clearly, the birth rates of both countries fluctuated dramatically, with lows in
IELTS 5
the 1940sand highs in the 1950s.
It is evident that the fertility rates of both nations fluctuated considerably, with
Sentence 2 IELTS 6
lows during the 1940s and highs during the 1950s.
It is evident that both nations saw considerable fluctuations in fertility, with

IELTS 7+
lows during the 1940s and highs during the 1950s.
First, China’s birth rate increased from about 10 percent in 1920 to 15 percent
IELTS 5
in 1935. Then it decreased sharply to just 5 percent in the 1940s.
China’s birth rate increased from approximately 10 percent in 1920 to 15

Sentence 3 IELST 6
percent in 1935, then plunged to a low of just 5 percent in the 1940s.
Increasing from approximately 10 percent in 1920 to 15 percent in 1935,

IELTS 7+
China’s birth rate then plunged to a low of just 5 percent in the 1940s.
IELTS 5 Then the US birth rate increased markedly to over 15 percent in 1950.
There was then a marked increase in the US fertility to over 15 percent in

Sentence 4 IELST 6
1950.
IELTS 7+ The US then saw a marked increase to over 15 percent in 1950.

29
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
BASIC INTERMEDIATE ADVANCED
Show (v) Reveal (v)
Increase (v) Rise (v)
Climb (v)
Grow (v)
Increase (n) Rise (n)
Growth (n)
Decrease (v /n) Fall (v/n0 Decline (v/n)

Drop (v/n)
Sharp (adj) Dramatic (adj) Rapid (adj)
Considerable (adj)
Exponential (adj)
Marked (adj)
Sharply (adv) Dramatically (adv) Rapidly (adv)
Considerably (adv)
Exponentially (adv)
Markedly (adv)
Fall sharply Decrease dramatically Slide away
Plundge (v)
Gradual (adj) Steady (adj)
Gradually (adv) Steadily (adv)
Birth rate Fertility

About (adv) Approximately (adv)
Somewhere in the vicinity of

30
TEST YOUR COMPREHENSION

Answer these question by circling A, B or C
1. Which of these is the best way to start your essay?

A. The graph shows…..
B. A glance at the graph provided reveals
C. The figure given shows
2. What is the past tense form of “rise”?
A. Rose
B. Rised
C. Rising
3. What verb tense(s) does the writer use in these two essays?
A. Present tense
B. Past tense
C. Present and past tense
Answer these questions by writing YES or NO
4. In paragraph 3 of Model Answer B, “climb” is a verb

5. In both of these essays, the word “peak” is a verb which means “low point”
6. The sentence structures used in Model Answer A are too repetitive.
7. Model Answer B is too long.
8. The US and Chinese birth rates remained relatively stable between 1920 and 2000.
CHECK YOUR ANSWER
1. B
“The graph shows” is not the best way to start your essay because many other
candidates will write exactly the same thing. If you want a higher score than other
candidates, you should try to be different from them

31
2. A
3. C
The writer mostly uses past tense in these model answers because the years on the graph
are in the past (1920 -2000). However, present tense is used in sentences starting with
“the graph” because the graph is here, now. So you can write “ The graph shows that
the Chinese birth rate increased”
4. NO
“Climb” is often a verb. However, in paragraph 3 of Model Answer B, it is used as a
noun. So you could write, “The birth rate climbed” or “There was a climb in the birth
rate”. Both are acceptable
5. NO
“Peak” means “high point” and is a noun in both of these model answers. It can also be
used as a verb so you could actually write, “The birth rate reached a peak” or “ The
birth rate peaked”
6. YES
Model Answer A uses the same sentence structure several times. Two examples of this
structure, “It fell sharply” and “It increased rapidly”. Model Answer B is better
7. NO
Remember that 150 words is a minimum word limit – there is no maximum word limit.
After you pass 150 words, time is more important than the number of words you write.
Do not work on Writing Task 1 for more than 20 minutes
8. NO
The birth rates of both countries fluctuated

32
LINE GRAPH AND PIE CHART
Question 2 CRIME IN THE UK
WRITING TASK 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task
The two figures below show the rate of criminal convictions among men and women of
different ages in the UK and the proportion of male and female prison inmates in the British
prison system.
comparisons where relevant
Write at least 150 words

33
Gender of Prison Inmates in the UK

Female
4%
Male
96%
Criminal Convictions in the UK by Age and Gender

18
16
Percentage of All Convictions
14
Male
12
10
Female
0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Age of Offender

34
Model Answer A : IELTS Band 5+
The first figure shows the percentage of criminal convictions in the UK that occur among men and
women of different ages, while the second compares the percentage of male and female prisoners in
British* gaols.
It is clear from the graphs that most convicted criminals in the UK are in their early twenties and
that men are much more likely to be convicted than women. The male conviction rate increases
sharply from just 2 percent among 10 – year – olds to about 16 percent among 20 – year – olds.
Meanwhile, the rate of convictions among female rises from 0 percent at the age of 10 to around 5
percent at 20. After this, the percentage of criminal convictions for both men and women decreases.
According to the figures, 60 – year – old men only commit about 2 percent of all crimes and 60 –
year – old women do not commit any crime at all.
Not surprisingly, the second graph shows that 96 percent of all prisoners are men while only 4
percent are female.
(162 words)
Note: This word is spelt “gaol” in British/ Australia English, but “jail” in American English.
The pronunciation is virtually the same

35
Given are two figure concerning criminality in Britain. The first provides data on the rates of
conviction among men and women of various ages, while the second indicates the gender balance of
the UK prison population
It is apparent from the information supplied that the rate of conviction among Brits of both sexes
increases exponentially during adolescence and peaks at the age of about 20. Also evident is the fact
that men are far more likely to offend than women. From a negligible 2 percent among 10-year-old
boys, the male conviction rate soars to approximately 16 percent among 20-year-olds. The
percentage of female offenders, meanwhile, climbs from 0 percent among girls of 10 to some 5
percent for 20-year-olds. The subsequent decades, however, see dramatic decreases in criminality
among both sexes. A mere 2 percent of crimes are committed by 60-year-old men and 0 percent by
women of the same age.
As for the proportion of male and female prison inmates, men outnumber women 24 to 1. Some 96
percent of all prisoners are men, while the remainder are female.
(180 words)

36
IELTS 5 These two figures are about crime in Britain

Sentence 1 IELTS 6 The two figures given concern criminality in Britain
IELTS 7+ Given are two figures concerning criminality in Britain
IELTS 5 The rate of conviction among males increases sharply from just 2
percent among 10-year-old boys to about 16 percent among 20-
year-olds
Sentence 2 IELTS 6 The male conviction rate soars from a negligible 2 percent among
10 –year-old boys to about 16 percent among 20-year-olds
IELTS 7+ From a negligible 2 percent among 10-year-old boys, the male
conviction rate soars to approximately 16 percent among 20-year-
olds.
IELTS 5 However, crime decreases dramatically among men and women
over the following 20 or 30 years
IELTS 6 However, there are dramatic decreases in criminal convictions
Sentence 3 among both sexes over the subsequent decades
IELTS 7+ The subsequent decades, however, see dramatic decreases in
criminality among both sexes
IELTS 5 Clearly, the rate of conviction among British men and women
increases sharply during the teenage years and reaches a peak
when they are about 20 years old.
IELTS 6 It is clear from the information given that the rate of conviction
Sentence 4 among British people of both sexes increases exponentially during
adolescence and peaks at the age of about 20.
IELTS 7+ It is apparent from the information supplied that the rate of
conviction among Brits of both sexes increases exponentially
during adolescence and peaks at the age of about 20.

37
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
BASIC INTERMEDIATE ADVANCED

Goal (n) Prison (n)
Increase (v) Climb (v)

Rise (v)
Sharp (adj) Dramatic (adj) Exponential (adj)
Sharply (adv) Dramatically (adv) Exponentially (adv)
Increase dramatically Increase exponentially

Soar (v)
Just (adv) Only (adv) A negligible/ a mere
About (adv) Some (adv) Approximately (adv)

Around (adv)
Prisoner (n) Offender (n)

Convicted criminal/
Prison inmate
About (prep) On (prep) Concerning (prep)
Clear (adj) Apparent (adj)

Evident (adj)

38
Answer these questions by circling A, B or C
1. What verb tense(s) does the writer use in these two essays?
A. Future tense
B. Present and past tense
C. Present tense
2. Which of these sentence is wrong?
A. 96 percentage of people in gaol are men
B. A large percentage of people in gaol are men
C. 96 percent of people in gaol are men.
3. Which of these phrases is a bad way to start your essay?
A. Given are two figures concerning……….
B. A glance at the two figures provided reveals…….
C. These two figures show……
4. Which age group has the highest incidence of criminality in Britain?
A. The aged
B. Children
C. Adolescents
5. In Model Answer B, the word “subsequent” means:
A. Later
B. Earlier
C. At the same time
6. In Model Answer B, the word “peak” is used as a noun.

7. In Model Answer B, the phrase “men outnumber women 24 to 1” means that there
are more women than men

39
8. In the phrase “data on the rates of conviction” (see Model Answer B), the word
“on” means “about”
9. “occur” (see Model Answer A) is a more formal, and better way to say “happen”
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

1. C
The writer uses present tense because the question does not mention any year
2. A
The word “percent” must be used with a number, while the word “percentage” can only
be used with adjectives like “high” or “low”. This, you could write, “80 percent of
people in France can speak English” or “A high percentage of people in France can
speak English”.
3. C
“These two figures show” is not a good way to start because it is too simple.. It is also
exactly what every IELTS text book and every other IELTS student writes. Be different!
4. C
There is more crime among teenagers than any other group.
5. A
6. NO
In this case, it is a verb. Remember that “peak” can be a verb or a noun.
7. NO
In fact, it means that there are more men than women.
8. YES
“On” sometimes means “about”. For example, you might write “ I am reading a book
on endangered animals”.
9. YES
“Happen” is often used in spoken English, while “occur” and “take place” are used in
formal English, especially writing.

40
PIE CHART
Question 3 LEISURE ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE
WRITING TASK 1
The following two pie charts show the results of a survey into the popularity of various
leisure activities among European adults in 1985 and 1995.

41
Leisure activitives of European Adults (1985)

talking with
family
watching TV 18%
32%
eating out
talking with 23%
friends
21%
other
6%
Leisure activitives of European Adults (1995)

talking with
friends
watching TV 26%
30% taking with
family
playing 7%
computer
games
27%
eating out
other 8%
2%

42
Model Answer A: IELTS 5+

The two pie charts given show the popularity of several different hobbies among European
adults in 1985 and 1995.
Clearly, watching television was the number on leisure activity in both years, at 32 percent in
1985 and 30 percent in 1995. However, the most obvious change to occur during this time
was that computer games became much more popular. In 1985, nobody said that playing
computer games was their favourite leisure activity, but in 1995 some 27 percent of European
adults named this as the activity that they enjoyed the most. The only other hobby that became
more popular was talking with friends, which rose from 21 percent in 1985 to 26 percent in
1995.
By contrast, all other activities became less popular. For instance, while 23 percent of
European adults named eating out as their favourite leisure activity in 1985, this figure was
just 8 percent in 1995. Similarly, the percentage of people who said that they liked talking
with family, other activities or watching TV also decreased.
(169 words)

43
Model Answer B: IELTS 7+

A glance at the two pie charts provided reveals the relative popularity of various leisure
activities among European adults in 1985 and 1995.
Of these activities, watching TV was the most widely enjoyed in both years, at 32 percent in
1985 and a slightly lower 30 percent in 1995. Yet, by far the most significant change to take
place during this period was the increased popularity of computer games. Not a single
respondent to the survey rated playing computer games as their preferred leisure activity in
1985. However, by 1995 this figure stood at 27 percent – the second highest overall. Also
more popular in 1995 was talking with friends, at 26 percent compared to 21 percent a
decade earlier.
In stark contrast, however, all other activities decreased in popularity. Eating out – which
was the second most widely enjoyed pastime in 1985, accounting fot 23 percent of
respondents – slipped to a mere 8 percent in 1995. Likewise, there were also considerable
decreases in the popularity ratings of talking with family, other activities and (as previously
mentioned) watching television.
(177 words)

44
IELTS 5 None of the people who were surveyed said that playing
computer games was their favourite leisure activity in
1985
Sentence 1 IELTS 6 None of the respondents to the survey named playing
computer games as their preferred leisure activity in 1985
IELTS 7+ Not a single respondent to the survey rated playing
computer games as their preferred leisure activity in 1985
IELTS 5 Talking with friends was more popular in 1995 too, at 26
percent compared to 21 percent 10 years before.
Sentence 2 IELTS 6 Talking with friends was also more popular in 1995, at 26
percent compared to 21 percent a decade earlier
IELTS 7+ Also more popular in 1995 was talking with friends, at 26
percent compared to 21 percent a decade earlier
IELTS 5 On the other hand, all other activities became less popular
IELTS 6 In stark contrast, however, the popularity of all other
Sentence 3 activities decreased.
IELTS 7+ In stark contrast, however, all other activities decreased on
popularity.
IELTS 5 Eating out was the second most popular hobby in 1985, at
23 percent of all people surveyed. However, it fell to just 8
percent in 1995.
IELTS 6 Eating out was the second most widely enjoyed pastime in
Sentence 4 1985, accounting for 23 percent of respondents. However,
it slipped to a mere 8 percent in 1995
IELTS 7+ Eating out – which was the second most widely enjoyed
pastime in 1985, accounting for 23 percent of respondents
– slipped to a mere 8 percent in 1995.

45
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Basic Intermediate Advanced

Decrease (n/v) Slip (v)
Just (adv) A mere
Only (adv)
Several different Various (adj)
Hobby (n) Pastime (n)
Leisure activity
Popular (adj) Widely enjoyed
*favourite (adj) Preferred (adj)
Likewise (adv)
Similarly (adv)
However (adv) Yet (adv)
By contrast In stark contrast, however..
Note: this word is spelt “favourite” in British/ Australian English, but “favorite” in
American English. Some other words that follow this rule are “neighbour/neighbor”,
“flavour/ flavor”, “colour/ color” and “honour/ honor”.

46
1. Which was the least popular leisure activity in 1985

A. Other
B. Talking with family
C. Watching TV
2. “Popular” is an adjective. The noun is:
A. Popularity
B. Popularness
C. Population
3. In Model Answer B, the word “likewise” means:
A. Similarly
B. Such as
C. Enjoy
4. What is the most formal?
A. As previously mentioned
B. Like I said before
C. As I mentioned before
5. “For instance” (see Model Answer A) means “for example”, but is slightly
better because it sounds a little more formal and fewer candidates use it.
6. “Respondents” (see Model Answer B) are people who ask questions, carry out
surveys and make charts/ graphs

47
7. “ Not a single respondent to the survey rated playing computer games as their
preferred leisure activity in 1985” (see Model Answer B) means that very few
people said they liked playing computer games in 1985.
8. The writer uses the word “similarly” (see Model Answer A) to connect “eating
out in restaurants” and “chatting with friends” because both of these leisure
activities became less popular.
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
1. A
Remember that “least” is the opposite of “most”
2. A
When you learn vocabulary, try to learn all the different forms of a word.
3. A
Do not forget that the word “like” can mean “enjoy” or “similar to”
4. A
“As previously mentioned” is a good way to say “like I said before” in academic
writing
5. YES
Try to be different
6. NO
“Respondents” are people who answer questions in a survey. You can also say
“respondents to the survey”
7. NO
“Not a single respondent” means “nobody”
8. YES
“Similarly” is always used to connect facts which are the same or similar

48
TABLE AND PIE CHART
Question 4 INTERNET USE IN EUROPE
WRITING TASK 1
The figures below compare the number of internet users in several European nations as well
as the prevalence of online shopping in these countries

49
Total number of Internet users ( in millions)
COUNTRY 1995 2000 2004

Switzerland 1 2 4
Germany 5 314 15
France 2 3 6
Spain 0.5 0.7 2
UK 16 22 41
Internet shopping in Europe (2004)
Sales
Germany
France
Switzerland

50

The first figure compares the number of people connected to the Internet in five European
countries in 1995, 2000 and 2004, while the second shows the level of internet shopping in
these countries in 2004.
Clearly, Britain had the most internet users. The number of British people using the Internet
increased dramatically from 16 million in 1995 to 22 million in 2000 and then 41 million in
2004. Germany was second. The number of internet users in this country rose from 5 million
in 1995 to 14 million in 2000 and then 15 million in 2004. France had the third most users
during this time, with 2 million in 1995, 3 million in 2000 and 6 million in 2004. Meanwhile,
the countries with the fewest internet users were Switzerland and Spain.
Interestingly, Britain also had the highest level of internet shopping in 2004. It had twice as
much online shopping as Germany and three times as much as Switzerland. Meanwhile, the
levels of internet shopping in France and Spain were slightly lower than that of the UK.
(177 words)

51
Model Answer B: IELTS 7+

Given are two figures providing a comparison of internet use in five European countries
(namely Switzerland, Germany, France, Spain and the UK) in 1995, 2000 and 2004, as well
as the popularity of internet shopping in these countries.
It is evident from the information provided that Britain had by far the highest number of
internet users in all three years. From 16 million in 1995, the number of British user climbed
steadily to 22 million in 2000, before soaring to a staggering 41 million in 2004. Second in
terms of internet use was Germany. This country saw a threefold increase during the period
in question, from 15 million people in 1995 to 14 million in 2000 and 15 million in 2004. A
similar increase took place in France. The two nations with the fewest internet users,
meanwhile, were Switzerland and Spain.
It is also interesting to note that internet shopping was far more common in the UK than in
any other country listed. In fact, the prevalence of internet shopping in Britain was double
that of Germany and triple that of Switzerland. France and Spain, meanwhile, had moderate
levels of online shopping.
(192 words)

52
MODEL STENCE STRUCTURES
IELTS 5 Germany was the second when it came to internet use

Sentence 1 IELTS 6 Germany was the second in terms of internet use
IELTS 7+ Second in terms of internet use was Germany
IELTS 5 The number of internet users in this country increased threefold
during this time
Sentence 2 IELTS 6 There was a threefold increase in the number of internet users in
this country during the period in question.
IELTS 7+ This country saw a threefold increase during the period in
question.
IELTS 5 There was a similar increase in France
Sentence 3 IELTS 6 France saw a similar increase
IELTS 7+ A similar increase took place in France
IELTS 5 Actually, internet shopping was two times as popular in Britain
as it was in Germany and three times more popular than in
Switzerland.
Sentence 4 IELTS 6 In fact, internet shopping was twice as prevalent in Britain as it
was in Germany and three times more prevalent than in
Switzerland.
IELTS 7+ In fact, the prevalence of internet shopping in Britain was double
that of Germany and triple that of Switzerland.

53
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY

Compare (v) Provide a comparison of
Level (n) Popularity (n)
Prevalence (n)
Increase (n/v) Rise (n/v)
Climb (n/v)
Increase dramatically Soar (v)
Clearly (adv) It is evident from the
information provided that
Interestingly (adv) It is interesting to note that
Internet shopping Online shopping
Britain (n)
The UK

54
1. Which of these synonyms should only be used when speaking?

A. Happen
B. Occur
C. Take place
2. Which sentence is correct?
A. British had the most internet users
B. Britain have the most internet users.
C. Britain had the most internet users.
3. “Staggering” (see Model Answer B) means:
A. Only
B. Very big
C. Stumbling
4. Which of these sentences is not correct?
A. The number of people using the Internet increased threefold.
B. There was a threefold increase in internet use.
C. Internet use have threefold increased.
5. “Internet” always start with a CAPITAL LETTER

6. You must always put “the” before “Internet”.
7. “A threefold increase” (see Model Answer B) is a 300 percent increase.
8. “Meanwhile” (see both model answers) should always come at the start of a sentence.
9. Internet use in France doubled between 2000 and 2004.

55
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
1. A
“Take place” and “occur” are good words to use in formal writing such as academic
essays. “Happen” is better used when speaking or writing informally.
2. C
“Britain” is a place, “British” is an adjective for people or things from Britain.
3. B
“Stagger” sometimes means “stumble”, but in this case “ staggering” means “very
large”.
4. C
5. NO
When you use “Internet” as a noun, you must use capital letter, but when you use it as an
adjective you should not.
6. NO
You should only use “the” if “internet” is a noun, not if it is an adjective. So the
sentence, “Many internet users shop on the Internet” is correct.
7. YES
“ A threefold increase” is a 300 percent increase. Similarly, “a twofold increase” is a
200 percent increase, “a fourfold increase” is a 400 percent increase and so on.
8. NO
“Meanwhile” goes at the start of the sentence in Model Answer A, but after the subject
in Model Answer B. Model Answer B is better.
9. YES

56
TABLE
Question 5 WORLD METRO (MRT) SYSTEMS
WRITING TASK 1
The table below provides statistics on several major metro (MRT) systems around the world.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main feature and make
City Year completed Total length (km) Carrying capacity

per year (millions)
London 1863 1100 548
Paris 1890 594 850
Tokyo 1904 149 1434
Washington DC 1921 114 70
Kyoto 1980 11 11
Los Angeles 2001 14 90

57
The table given compares the age, length and annual carrying capacity of metro systems in
London, Paris, Tokyo, Washington DC, Kyoto and Los Angeles.
It is clear that the newer metro system are generally much shorter than the older ones. The
oldest metro system is that of London. It was built in 1863 and is 1100 kilometres long.
Meanwhile, the second oldest metro system is in Paris. This metro was built in 1890 and is
also the second longest, at 594 kilometres. On the other hand, the Kyoto and Los Angeles
metro systems are much newer and shorter. They were built in 1980 and 2001, and are just 11
and 14 kilometres in length respectively.
We can also see from the table that the carrying capacities of these six metro systems are very
different. The Tokyo metro system can carry the most people each year. At 1434 million. The
Paris metro comes second, with 850 million. By contrast, the metro systems with the smallest
carrying capacities are Kyoto and Washington DC. These two metros can only carry 11
million and 70 million people per year respectively.
(187 words)

58
A glance at the table provided reveals a number of clear differences between the major metro
systems of the world in terms of age, scale and annual carrying capacity.
One particularly interesting fact highlighted by the figure is that the more recently established
metro systems are considerably shorter than the older ones. Completed in 1863, the London
underground is the oldest of the metro systems listed and also the longest, extending for 1100
kiliometres. Likewise, the second oldest system is also the second longest: built in 1890. The Paris
metro is some 594 kilometres in length. In stark contrast, however, the Kyoto and Los Angeles
metro system – established in 1890 and 2001 respectively – are far shorter. The former covers a
mere 11 kilometres and the latter just 14 kilometres.
With regard to yearly carrying capacity, the metro systems mentioned in the table vary greatly. The
Tokyo metro is equipped to carry the largest number of passengers, at 1434 million. With 850
million, meanwhile, the Paris metro has the second largest carrying capacity. The systems with the
smallest capacities are those of Kyoto and Washington DC, transporting just 11 million and 70
million people per year respectively.
(196 words)

59
Interestingly, the newer metro systems are shorter than the older
IELTS 5
ones
It is interesting to note that the more recently established metro

IELTS 6
Sentence 1 systems are far shorter than the older ones
One particularly interesting fact highlighted by the figure is that the

+
IELTS 7 more recently established metro systems are considerably shorter
than the older ones.
The London metro was finished in 1863. It is the oldest metro system
IELTS 5
in the table and also the longest, at 1100 *kilometres
The London underground was completed in 1863. It is the oldest of

IELTS 6 the metro system listed and also the longest, stretching for 1100
Sentence 2
kilometres.
Completed in 1863, the London underground is the oldest of the

+
IELTS 7 metro system listed and also the longest, extending for 1100
kilometres.
The metro systems mentioned in the table are very different in terms
IELTS 5
of how many passengers they can transport each year.
The metro systems mentioned vary greatly with regard to yearly

Sentence 3 IELTS 6
carrying capacity.
With regard to yearly carrying capacity, the metro systems

IELTS 7+
mentioned in the table vary greatly.
At the same time, the Paris metro can transport the second largest
IELTS 5
number of people, at 850 million.
Meanwhile, the Paris metro has the second largest carrying capacity,
Sentence 4 IELTS 6
at 850 million.
With 850 million, meanwhile, the Paris metro has the second largest
IELTS 7+
carrying capacity.

60
Note: this word is spelt “kilometre” in British/Australian English, but “kilometer” in American
English. Other examples of difference in spelling are “centre/center, “metre/meter” and
“theatre/theater”
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Basic 5 Intermediate 6 Advanced 7+
new (adj) recently established
yearly (adj/adv)
are very different vary greatly
much (shorter) far (shorter) considerably (shorter)
on the other hand by contrast in stark contrast, however,…
build (v) establish (v)
length (n) scale (n)
transport (n/v) carry (v)

61
Questions 1-3 relate to the following two statements from Model Answer B.
A. The more recently established metro systems are considerably shorter than
the older ones.
B. The London underground is the oldest of the metro systems listed and also
the longest, extending for 1100 kilometres.
1. Which is the most general statement?
2. Which statement is an example?
3. Which statement goes at the start of the paragraph?
4. In Model Answer B, “completed” means:

A. finished
B. 100 percent
C. complex

62
5. “The table given compares” (see Model Answer A) means “the table which the
examiner has given to me compares”.
6. The Paris metro is the third oldest metro (see both model answers)
7. “The former” refers to the Kyoto metro system while “latter” means the Los Angeles
metro system (see Model Answer B).
8. “With regard to” (see Model Answer B) means “about” and is often used to start talking
about a new subject.
9. “The Kyoto metro system can carry 11 millions of passengers per year” is
grammatically correct.
CHECK YOUR ANSWER
1. A
This statement does not mention name or numbers.
2. B
The London metro is an example of an old and long metro system.
3. A
This kind of general sentence at the start of a paragraph is called a topic sentence. It is a
very good idea for you to practise writing a topic sentence at the start of every
paragraph you write, then giving examples and supporting information later.
4. A
63
5. YES
The word “given” makes the sentence structure a little more complex and interesting.
Other ways to say the same thing are “provided” and “supplied”.
6. NO
It is the second oldest.
7. YES
“The former” means “the first one that I mentioned”, while “the latter” means “the
last one that I said”. Use these two words if you talk about two different places or
things. For example, “Sidney is the largest city in Australia. Melbourne is second. The
former is in the state of New South Wales, while the latter is in Victoria”.
8. YES
“With regard to” is a very good phrase to use in academic writing.
9. NO
You should write “The Kyoto metro system can carry 11 million passengers per year”.

64
Column Graph
Question 6 Global Education Rates
WRITING TASK 1
The graphs below show current rates of secondary and higher education among people in
various parts of the world.

65
Secondary Education by Region and

Gender
Percentage of School-Aged
100
90
80
70
Population
60
50
Male
40
30 Female
20
10
0
Europe *SSA Latin East Asia
America
Region
Higher Education by Region and Gender

100
90
Percentage of Adult
80
70
Population
60
50
Male
40
Female
30
20
10
0
Europe *SSA Latin East Asia
America
Region
*SSA: Sub-Saharan Africa

66
Model Answer A: IELTS band 5+
The graphs provided show the percentage of males and females with secondary and higher
education in four parts of the world.
Clearly, Europe has much higher levels of education in general than any other region. While 100
percent of school – aged girls and 90 percent of school – aged boys in Europe get a secondary
education, the figures for girls and boys in Sub – Saharan Africa are just 20 and 10 percent.
Meanwhile, the figures for Latin America and East Asia are between 40 and 50 percent.
We can also see from the graphs that higher education is more common in Europe. About 50
percent of adult females and 45 percent of adult males in this region have a higher education.
By contrast, just 20 percent of women and 25 percent of men in Sub – Saharan Africa have this
level of education. The figures for Latin America and East Asia are only a little higher than those
for Africa.
Finally, it is interesting to note that females are generally more likely to get a secondary
education, but less likely to get a tertiary education.
(179 words)

67
Given are two column graphs comparing the rates of secondary and tertiary education among
males and females in various different parts of the world.
While Europe enjoys relatively high levels of education overall, it seems that people in less
affluent regions are far less likely to be educated. All European girls of school age and 90
percent of boys receive of girls and 10 percent of boys in Sub – Saharan Africa Latin. America
and East Asia, meanwhile, have moderate levels of secondary education – between 40 and 50
percent for both sexes.
With regard to higher education, the figures are much lower throughout the world. In Europe,
some 50 percent of adult females and 45 percent of adult males gain a higher education.
Conversely, only 20 percent of females and 25 percent of males in sub – Saharan Africa attend
college or university. The figures for Latin America and East Asia are marginally higher than
those of Africa.
Also note worthy is the fact that females are more likely to receive a secondary education in all
regions except East Asia, but less likely to receive a tertiary education in all regions except
Europe.
(196 words)

68
Generally, Europe has quite high levels of education.

IELTS 5 However, it seems that far fewer people in poorer parts of
the world get an education.
Overall, Europe enjoys relatively high levels of education.

Sentences 1 IELTS 6 However, it seems that people in less affluent regions are
much less likely to be educated.
While Europe enjoys relatively high levels of education

IELTS 7+ overall, it seems that people in less affluent regions are far
less likely to be educated.
Levels of higher education are much lower in parts of the

IELTS 5
world.
The figures for higher education are much lower throughout

Sentences 2 IELTS 6
the world.
With regard to higher education, the figures are much lower

IELTS 7+
throughout the world.
On the other hand, just 20 percent of women and 25

IELTS 6 percent of men Sub – Saharan Africa go to college or
Sentences 3 university.
Conversely, only 20 percent of females and 25 percent of

IELTS 7+
males in Sub - Saharan Africa attend college or university.
It is also important to note that more girls go to high school

IELTS 5
in all parts of the world except East Asia.
It is also worth noting that females are more likely to attend

IELTS 6
Sentences 4 secondary school in all regions except East Asia.
Also noteworthy is the fact that females are more likely to

IELTS 7+ receive a secondary education in all regions except East
Asia.

69
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Basic (5) Intermediate (6) Advanced (7)
Higher education Tertiary education
Get (v.) Receive (v.)
Gain an education / receive an education
Gain a higher education/ attend college

or university
In general overall (adv.)
Woman (n.) Females (n/adj.)
Man (n.) Male (n/adj.)
A little Marginally (adv.)
Part of the world Region of the world
Conversely (adv.)
By contrast
Percentage (n.)
Rate (n.)

70
A. All European girls of school age and 90 percent of boys receive a secondary
education.
B. Europe enjoys relatively high levels of education overall.
1. Which is the most general statement (the topic sentence)?
2. Which statement is an example?
3. Which statement should be placed at the start of a paragraph?
4. In these two essays, “figure” means:

a. number
b. graph
c. both graph and number
5. Which of these is incorrect?
a. We can also see from the graphs…
b. We can also find from the graphs…
c. According to the graphs…
6. In Model Answer B, “relatively” means:

a. quite
b. like family
c. very

71
7. In Model Answer B, “affluent” means:

a. poor
b. rich
c. not fluent
8. Which of the following phrases is wrong?

a. between 40 and 50 percent
b. from 40 to 50 percent
c. between 40 to 50 percent
9. “Throughout the world” (see Model Answer B) means “worldwide”.
10. “School” and “university” are the same thing.
11. The most impoverished region has the lowest rate of university attendance.
CHECK YOUR ANSWER
1. B
There are no percentages or other specific details in this sentence.
2. A
“All European girls of school age and 90 percent of boy” is a good example of Europe’s high
level of education.
3. B
This is the topic sentence of paragraph 2.
4. C

72
“Figure” has two meanings
5. B
“We can find” is wrong.
6. A
Other worlds for “relatively” include “comparatively” and “rather”. The word “relative”
means “family member”.
7. B
Another word for “affluent” is “wealthy”. A good way to write “poor” is “impoverished”.
8. C
The word “between” should not go with “to”.
9. Yes
Make sure you spell “worldwide” correctly. “Worldwild” is wrong.
10. No
In American English the words “school” and “university” can mean the same thing.
However, in British Australian English “school” means “primary school” or you go to get a
higher education after you graduate from “school”.
11. Yes
Sub-Saharan Africa is the poorest region of the world and it has the lowest rate of university
attendance.

73
Question 7 Plastic surgery in Korea
WRITING TASK 1
The graphs below compare the number of cosmetic procedures performed on males and
females in Korea in 2004.

74
Cosmetic Surgery among Korean Women (2004)

Surgery Type Liposuction
Breast Enlargerment
Laser Skin Resurfacing
Rhinoplasty
Eyelid Surgery
0 100 200 300 400
Series 1Cosmetic Surgery among Korean Men (2004)
Surgery type
Abdominoplasty
Rhinoplasty
Lasser Skin Resurfacing
Hair Transpilantation
0 20 40 60 80
*Total Number of Procedures (000)

75
The two graphs provided show how popular different kinds of plastic surgery were among
Korean men and women in 2004.
It is clear that plastic surgery was quite popular among women. The most common types of
surgery for this group were eyelid surgery and rhinoplasty, with 320,000 and 275,000 operations
respectively. Laser skin resurfacing was third, at 215,000. Meanwhile, breast enlargement and
liposuction were a little less common. There were just 145,000 and 120,000 of these operations.
As for Korean men, most kinds of plastic surgery were much less popular. Hair transplantation
was the most common type of surgery for this group; however, there were only 60,000 of these
operations. The second most popular kind of plastic surgery for men was laser skin resurfacing,
with 55,000 operations. Rhinoplasty was the third most common, at 40, 000 operations. Last of
all, abdominoplasty and facelifts were much less popular-there were just 19,000 and 14,000 of
these operations respectively.
Interestingly, no hair transplantation, abdominoplasty or facelift operations were reported among

Korean women in 2004. Similarly, no liposuction, breast enlargement or eyelid surgery
procedures were conducted on men.
(184 words)

76
A glance at the two figures provided reveals the popularity of various forms of cosmetic surgery
among Korean men and women 2004.
Not surprisingly, plastic surgery enjoyed widespread popularity among women. By far the most
common forms of cosmetic procedure for this group, eyelid surgery and rhinoplasty were
performed a staggering 320,000 and 275,000 times respectively. Third in terms of popularity,
meanwhile, was laser skin resurfacing. An approximate 215,000 of these procedures were
conducted on women during the year in question. Breast enlargement and liposuction were
considerably less common, at 145,000 and 120,000 operations respectively.
Equally predictable is the fact that plastic surgery war far less popular among men. In contrast to
women, hair transplantation was the most common cosmetic procedure. There were just 60,000
of these operations among Korean males. Numbering some 55,000 procedures, laser skin
resurfacing was second for this group. Third was rhinoplasty, at approximately 40,000
operations. Finally, a relatively small 19,000 abdominoplasty and 14,000 facelift procedures
were carried out on men during 2004.
It is interesting to note that hair transplantation, abdominoplasty and face lift patients wre
exclusively male, while 100 percent of liposuction, breast enlargement and eyelid surgery
patients were female.
(196 words)

77
It is not surprising to see that plastic surgery

IELTS 6
was quite popular among women.
Sentence 1
Not surprisingly, plastic surgery enjoyed
IELTS 7+
widespread popularity among women.
Eyelid surgery and rhinoplasty were the most
common types of plastic surgery for this group.
IELTS 5
There were 320,000 and 275,000 of these
operations.
Eyelid surgery and rhinoplasty were by far the
most common forms of cosmetic procedure for
Sentence 2 IELTS 6
this group. These operations were performed a
staggering 320,000 and 275,000 times.
By far the most common forms of cosmetic
IELTS 7+ procedure for this group, eyelid surgery and
rhinoplasty were performed a staggering
320,000 and 275,000 times respectively.
Laser skin resurfacing was the second most
IELTS 5 popular type of plastic surgery for this group,
at about 55,000 procedures
Sentence 3 Laser skin resurfacing was second for this
IELTS 6
group, numbering some 55,000 procedures.
Numbering some 55,000 procedures, laser skin
IELTS 7+
resurfacing was second for this group.

78
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Basic (5) Intermediate (6) Advanced (7+)
Graph (n./v.) Figure (n.)

Kind (n.) Form (n.)
Type (n.)
Different kinds Various forms

Some (adv.) Approximately (adv.)
An approximate
Conduct (v.)
Perform (v.)
Carry out
Not surprising Predictable (adj.)

Common (adj.)
Popular (adj.)
Much less popular Far less popular Considerably less common

Operation (n.) Procedure (n.)
Plastic surgery Cosmetic procedure/
Cosmetic surgery
Interestingly (adv.) It is interesting to note that

Woman (n.) Female (n.adj.)
Man (n.) Male (n.adj.)

79
Answer these questions by circling A , B or C
A. Eyelid surgery and rhinoplasty were performed a staggering 320,000 and 275,000 times
respectively.
B. Plastic surgery enjoyed widespread popularity among women.
1. Which statement is the topic sentence (the sentence that introduces a new idea in the
general way)?
2. Which statement comes at the start of a paragraph?
3. Which statement gives examples of different kinds of plastic surgery?
4. Which of these words does not belong in this list? Why not?
A. Eyelid surgery
B. Abdominoplasty
C. Plastic surgery
5. How many verb tenses does the writer use in these essays?
A. one
B. two
C. three
6. The two model answers discuss men and women in the same paragraph.
7. In Model answer A, the writer says “as for Korean men” after he has finished
discussing Korean women.
80
8. In Model Answer B, “Hair transplantation…patients were exclusive male” means that

most hair transplant patients were men.
9. These essays have no conclusion.
CHECK YOUR ANSWER
1. B
This statement introduces the topic of plastic surgery and women
2.B
This sentence comes at the start of paragraph 2.
3.A
The two examples given are “eyelid surgery” and “rhinoplasty”.
4.C
“Plastic surgery” is a category, whereas “eyelid surgery” and “abdominoplasty” are

examples of it. Category words or phrases are best used at the start of a paragraph, in the topic
sentence.
5.B
The writer uses present tense to talk about the graphs and past tense to discuss trends in plastic
surgery in 2004. Note the verb tenses used in the phrases, “a glance at the two figures provided
reveals” and “it is clear that”.
6.NO
Each new topic needs a new paragraph-one paragraph is written about men and one is written
bout women.
7.YES

81
“As of Korean men” is the same as “with regard to Korean men”. This is a good way to
change the subject.
8.NO
It actually means that all hair transplant patients were men.
9.YES
It is not necessary to write a conclusion for Writing Task 1. Instead, you may choose to highlight
a point that you think is interesting.

82
DIAGRAM
Question 8 River Pollution
WRITING TASK 1
The diagram below shows what happens to pollutants from farming and industry once in a
river system.

83
Model Answer A : IELTS Band 5+
The diagram given shows a river flowing quickly towards the ocean and what happens to two
difference kinds of pollutants when they enter it. The pollutants that are mentioned in the
diagram are fertilizers from farming and heavy metals from industry. The fertilizers are
shown as blue spots, while the heavy metals are shown as black spots.
It is clear that the pollutants from industry stay in the river for a longer period of time than the
pollutants from farming. According to the diagram, plants growing on the river bed remove
fertilizers from the water through a process called nitrogen fixation. However, they do not
absorb heavy metals in the same way. These industrial pollutants either sit on the bottom of
the river or flow into the sea.
Therefore, the effects of heavy metals on the environment probably continue for longer than
those of fertilizers.
(145 words)

84
Given is a diagram illustrating the interaction between two types of pollutants – namely
fertilizers from farming and heavy metals produced by industry – and the ecosystem of a fast
flowing river. The fertilizers are denoted by blue spots, while the heavy metals are marked as
black sports.
From the information supplied, it is evident that fertilizers are more readily removed from the
water through natural processes than heavy metals, and that the latter tend to remain in a river
system for much longer periods of time. In the lower section of the diagram, plants growing on
the river bed are shown to absorb fertilizers from the water through a process known as nitrogen
fixation. By contrast, heavy metals are not filtered from the river system in this way and instead
either settle on the bottom or are emptied into the sea.
Thus, it is reasonable to surmise that the effect of heavy metals on the environment is longer
lasting than that of fertilizers.
(162 words)

85
Sentence 1 IELTS 5 The blue spots show fertilizers. At the same time, the
black sports denote heavy metals.
IELTS 6 The fertilizers are shown as blue spots. Meanwhile, the
heavy metals are denoted by black spots.
IELTS 7+ The fertilizers are denoted by blue spots, while the
heavy metals are marked as black spots.
Sentence 2 IELTS 5 The diagram clearly shows that natural processes in the
river take fertilizers out of the water much more quickly
and easily than heavy metals. These heavy metals
usually stay in the river system for much longer.
IELTS 6 From the information supplied, it is clear that natural
processes in the river remove fertilizers from the water
much more readily than heavy metals, and that these
heavy metals tend to remain in the water for much
longer periods of time.
IELTS 7+ From the information supplied, it is evident that
fertilizers are more readily removed from the water
through natural processes than heavy metals, and that
the latter tend to remain in a river system for much
longer periods of time.
Sentence 3 IELTS 5 The lower part of the diagram shows that the river
plants take fertilizers out of the water through nitrogen
fixation.
IELTS 6 In the lower section of the diagram shows that plants
growing on the river bed absorb fertilizers from the
water through a process called nitrogen fixation
IELTS 7+ In the lower section of the diagram, plants growing on
the river bed are shown to absorb fertilizers from the
water through a process known as nitrogen fixation
Sentence 4 IELTS 5 On the other hand, plants do not remove heavy metals
from the river system in the same way.
IELTS 6 By contrast, plants do not filter heavy metals from the
river system in this way.
IELTS 7+ By contrast, heavy metals are not filtered from the river
system in this way.

86
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
*show (v.) Illustrate (v.)

*show (v.) Mark (v.) Denote (v.)
give (v.) Supply (n./v.)
Stay (v.) Remain (v.)
According to the diagram/ the
diagram given shows
Clear (adj.) Evident (adj.)

Sit (v.) Settle (v.)
Remove (v.) Absorb (v.)
Filter (n./v.)
Therefore (adv.) Thus (adv.)
Note: 1. “show” means “reveal”. Eg. “This catalogue shows how much a TV costs.”
2. “Show” means “stand for” or “symbolize”. E.g: “ The symbol $ (the dollar sign)
shows money.”
1. What is the main idea of these tow essays?

A. Heavy metals are worse for the environment than fertilizers.
B. Fertilisers and heavy metals are equally bad for the environment.
C. Rivers carry fertilizers and heavy metals towards the sea.
2. Which is the American spelling?

A. Fertiliser
87
B. Fertilizer
3. In Model Answer B, the word “readily” means:

A. Quickly and easily
B. Gradually
C. Sometimes
4. The writer only uses past tense in these essays.

5. “Surmise” (see Model Answer B) is the more formal word for “guess”
6. In Model Answer B, “tend to” means “seldom”.
7. Model Answer A is not long enough to get a good score in the real test.
CHECK
1. A
YOUR ANSWER
2. B
You can use either American spelling or British/Australian spelling, but you should
try to be consistent. Choose one, not both.
3. A
4. NO
In fact, the writer only uses present tense in these model answers because there is no
year given to indicate that this information is taken from the past. You should use
present tense in most diagram questions.
5. YES
“Surmise” is a good word to use in academic English.
6. NO
“Tend to” means “frequently” or “often”. It is used to talk about a typical
occurrence or trend.
7. NO
It all depends on the question. In this case, it only took 145 words to describe the
diagram completely. The length of your essay is just one thing the examiner looks at,
so if your essay is a little short you can still get a good score.

88
Diagram (Flow Chart)
Question 9 Mobile Phone Recycling
WRITING TASK 1:
The following is a diagram of the mobile phone recycling process.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons where relevant.

89
Consumers Collection Storage & Resale of

Forwarding Components
Phones Batteries
Dismantling Dismantling
Separation Separation
1 2 3
( Mechanic ( Mechanic
4 5 6 & Magnetic) & Magnetic)
7 8 9
Metal parts & Plastics Other Materials
* 0 # Wiring Board
Copper Refining of Reprocessing Incineration

Smelting Precious Metals
Reuse Of Lower Grade Energy

Materials Plastics Recovery

90
Model answer A: IELTS Band 5+
The diagram given shows how mobile phones are recycled. Clearly, the recycling process has
three main stages.
In the first stage of the process, the recycling company collects mobile phones from consumers.
Then it stores or forwards the phones and resells some of the components.
In the second stage of the recycling process, the company separates the mobile phones from their
batteries and dismantles both of these. Then it separates the phones and the batteries into
mechanical and magnetic parts. After this, it divides these parts up into different kinds of
material. The kinds of material that are mentioned in the diagram are metals parts and writing
boards, plastics and other materials.
In the third part of the process, the recycling company removes copper and precious metals from
the metal parts. It smelts the copper and refines the precious metal. Then it reuses these
materials. As for the plastic parts, it reprocesses of these into lower grade plastics and incinerates
the rest of them to recover energy. The diagram does not show what happens to the other
materials.
(179 words)

91
Given is a diagram illustrating the process by which mobile phones are recycled. It is evident
from the information provided that there are three main phases involved.
Prior to the actual processing of the phones, it is first necessary for the recycler to collect them
from consumers. They are then either placed into storage or forwarded directly. At this point, the
resale of certain components occurs.
The second stage of the recycling process, meanwhile, entails the separation of the mobile
phones from their batteries and the dismantling of both. Having further separated the phones and
batteries into mechanical and magnetic parts, these parts are then divided into metals, plastics
and other materials.
In the third and final phase, copper and precious metals are extracted from the metal
components. The former is smelted while the latter are refined and the raw materials produced
though these processes are subsequently reused. Meanwhile, plastic parts are either converted
into lower grade plastics or incinerated to recover energy. The diagram does not indicate how
other kinds of material are disposed of.
(176 words)

92
The diagram given shows how mobile phones are

IELTS 5
recycling
The diagram given illustrates the process by which mobile
Sentence 1 IELTS 6
phones are recycling
Given is a diagram illustrating the process by which
IELTS 7+
mobile phones are recycled
The recycling company has to collect the phones from
IELTS 5
consumers before it actually processes them
Before it actually processes the phones, the recycler first
Sentence 2 IELTS 6
has to collect them from consumers
Prior to the actually processing of the phones, it is first
IELTS 7+
necessary for the recycler to collect them from consumers
IELTS 5 Then the recycling company resells some of the parts
Some of the components are then resold (by the recycling
Sentence 3 IELTS 6
company)
IELTS 7+ At this point, the resale of certain components occurs
The recycler separates the phones and batteries into
IELTS 5 mechanicals and magnetic parts. Then it divides these
parts into metals, plastic and other materials.
After separating the phones and batteries into mechanicals
Sentence 4 IELTS 6 and magnetic parts, the recycler then divides them into
metals, plastics and other materials
Having separated the phones and batteries into mechanical
IELTS 7+ and magnetic parts, these parts are then divided into
metals, plastics and other materials

93
Academic Vocabulary:
Basic (5) Intermediate (6) Advanced (7)

Recycling company
Recycler (n.)
Involve (v.) Entail (v.)
Part (n.) Stage (n.) Phase (n.)
Then (adv.) After this Subsequently (adv.)
At this point
Divide (v.)
Separate (v.)
Part (n.) Component (n.)
Remove (v.) Extract (v.)
Show (v.) Indicate (v.)

94
Answer these questions by circling A, B or C:
1. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?

A. The recycling company collect mobile phones from customers.
B. The recycle company collects mobile phones from customers.
C. The recycling company collects mobile phones from customers.
2. In Model Answer B, “ convert” means:
A. Transform
B. Mix
C. Recycle
3. “Dispose of” (see Model Answer B) is a more formal way to say:
A. Sell
B. Throw away
C. Keep
4. In Model Answer B, “the former” refer to:
A. Precious metals
B. Copper
C. Mobile phones
5. “Prior to” (see Model Answer B) is a more formal way to say:
A. Before
B. After
C. During
Answer these questions by writing YES or NO:
6. In Model Answer A, the writer begins too many sentences with “the recycling
company”, “the company” or “it”
7. “Dismantle” is a less formal word for “build” (see both model answers)
8. “Place” (see Model Answer B) is a word we often use for “put” in spoken English
9. The dismantling phase precedes the separation phase.
95
CHECK YOUR ANSWER
1. C
“My brother” is “he”; “your friends” are “they”; and “the recycling company” is “it”.
Therefore, the verb “collect” must take an “s”
2. A
The write uses the word “convert” followed by “into”. In most cases, you must use both.
So you could write, “freezers convert water into ice”
3. B
The phrase “dispose of” means “get rid of” or “throw away”. It is very useful in
academic writing, especially when describing diagrams or flow charts. Do not forget
“of”. For instance, “Old furniture can be difficult to dispose of”.
4. B
In the model answer, “the former” refers to “copper”; “the latter” means “precious
metals”.
5. A
6. YES
Model Answer A contains too many active sentence. When describing diagrams, it is a
good idea to try writing more passive sentences.
7. NO
The word “dismantle” is a more formal word for “take apart”
8. NO
Use “put” when speaking and “place” when writing.
9. YES
The dismantling phase comes before the separation phase.

96
Diagram (Map)
Question 10 Planned Shopping Centre Locations
WRITING TASK 1
The figure below is a town planning map. Showing the likely position of new
shopping centers as well as the various different zones and major transportation
route of the town.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons where relevant

97
Shopping center B 12 km to next town

15 km to next town
Shopping center A
N
25 km to next town
Rural Zone (Countryside) Central Business

District( no traffic)
Industrial Zone Main Road
Residential Zone ( Suburbs) Railway line

98
This is a map of a town showing where two new shopping centers will probably be built
as well as different zones and transportation routes
.
In the middle of the town there is a small zone called the central business district. Cars
are not allowed in this zone. Outside the central business district there is a lager
residential zone and outside this there is an even larger rural zone. There is also a railway
line running right through the town and three main roads which start on the edge of the
central business district and go to nearby towns.
According to the diagram, one shopping center will probably be built in the middle of the
town while the other one will be built in the northern rural area. People will be able to get
to the first shopping center by train or park their cars on the edge of the central business
district and walk to it. Meanwhile they will be able to get to the second shopping center
by car or train because it will be located between the railway line and the main northwest
road.
(187 words)

99
Given is a map of an unnamed town illustrating the probable sits of two new shopping
centers in the relation to various different zones as well as major transportation links.
As shown in the figure, the town has four main zones. Located at the apes of three
arterial roads is a relatively small central business district. Cars are not permitted in this
area and all major roads terminate at its outer edge. Surrounding the town center is a
much larger residential zone which has within it two smaller industrial zones. Beyond
this, meanwhile, is an even larger rural area. A railway line runs through the entire town
from the northwest to the southeast
With regard to the planned locations of the two new shopping centers, one is likely to be
situated in the town center and will be accessible by train or by parking on the edge of the
central business district and walking. The other will probably be placed on the outskirts
of the town to the northwest. Access to this shopping center will be by either car or train
as it will be situated between the railway line and the main northwest road.
(194 words)

100
There is a small central business district at the

IELTS 5
intersection of three main roads
There is a relatively small center business district
Sentence 1 IELTS 6
located at the apex of three arterial roads
Located at the apex of three arterial roads is a
IELTS 7+
relatively small central business district
At the same time, there is an even bigger rural area
IELTS 5
beyond this
Sentence 2 Meanwhile, there is an even larger rural area beyond
IELTS 6
this
IELTS 7+ Beyond this, meanwhile, is an even larger rural area
One of the new shopping centers will probably be
located in the town center and people will be able to
IELTS 5
visit by train or by parking on the edge of the central
business district and walking
As for the locations of the two new shopping centers,
one will probably be situated in the town center and
IELTS 6
people will be able to access it by train or by parking
Sentence 3
on the edge of the central business district and walking
With regard to the planned locations of the two new
shopping centers, one is likely to be situated in the
town center and will be accessible by train or by
IELTS 7+
parking on the edge of the central business district and
walking

101
People will be able to get to this shopping center by

IELTS 5 car or by train because it will be located between the
railway line and the main northwest road
People will be able to access this shopping center by
Sentence 4 IELTS 6 car or train as it will be situated between the railway
line and the main northwest road.
Access to this shopping center will be either car or
IELTS 7+ train as it will be situated between the railway line and
the main northwest road.
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY

Show (v.) Illustrate (v.)
Will probably (be) likely to
Allow (v.) Permit (v.)
(be) located (be) placed
(be) situated
Middle (n.) Center (n.)

102
Test Your Comprehension

Answer these questions by circling A,B or C
Questions 1-3 relate to the following two statements from Model Answer B
A. The town has four main zones
B. Located at the apex of three arterial roads is a relatively small central
business district
1. Which sentence is more general?
2. Which statement should be placed at the beginning of a paragraph?
3. Which statement names one of the zones in the town?
4. What verb tense(s) does the writer use in these essays?
A. Future tense
B. Present tense
C. Present and future tense
5. The future tense form of “can” is:
A. Will be able to
B. Will can
C. Can going to
6. How many times does the writer start sentences with “there is” or “there are” in
Model Answer A?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
7. “Rural area” (see Model Answer B) is a more formal way to say:
A. The city
B. The country
C. The suburbs

103
Answer these questions by writing YES or NO:

8. In Model Answer B, “terminate” is more formal way to say “end”.
9. The word “accessible” (see Model Answer B) means that people can reach or get
to a place or facility easily
10. “The outskirts of the town” (see Model Answer B) refers to the “city center”.
CHECK YOUR ANSWER
1. A
“Four main zones” is a general term.
2. A
This statement is found at the start of Model Answer B paragraph 2. It is a topic sentence
(a general sentence that introduces a paragraph).
3. B
“Central business district” is one example of the “four main zones” mentioned in the
topic sentence.
4. C
The writer uses present tense to talk about the map and the town, but future tense to talk
about the planned shopping centers and how people will access them.
5. A
6. C
Model Answer A uses “there is” and “there are” too repetitively. Model Answer B is
better because it has more variety.
7. B
“Rural” is an adjective that means “country”. A good adjective for “city” is “urban”
8. YES
“Terminate” is a good word to use in academic writing.

104
9. YES
The word “access” means “reach” or “get to”.
10. NO
“The outskirts of town” are the outer edges of a city.


IELTS-WriteRight-writing Task 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

IELTS-WriteRight-writing Task 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

IELTS-WriteRight-writing Task 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

IELTS – Write Right - Retyped by : Hội các sĩ tử luyện thi IELTS

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Question 1 Birth Rates In China and the USA

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write at least 150 words.

Birth Rates in China and the USA

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Model Answer A: IELTS Band 5+

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Model Answer B: IELTS Band 7+

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

MODEL SENTENCE STRUCTURES

It is evident that both nations saw considerable fluctuations in fertility, with

China’s birth rate increased from approximately 10 percent in 1920 to 15

Increasing from approximately 10 percent in 1920 to 15 percent in 1935,

There was then a marked increase in the US fertility to over 15 percent in

IELTS 7+ The US then saw a marked increase to over 15 percent in 1950.

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Decrease (v /n) Fall (v/n0 Decline (v/n)

Birth rate Fertility

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

TEST YOUR COMPREHENSION

1. Which of these is the best way to start your essay?

Answer these questions by writing YES or NO

4. In paragraph 3 of Model Answer B, “climb” is a verb

CHECK YOUR ANSWER

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

LINE GRAPH AND PIE CHART

Question 2 CRIME IN THE UK

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task

Write at least 150 words

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Gender of Prison Inmates in the UK

Criminal Convictions in the UK by Age and Gender

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Model Answer A : IELTS Band 5+

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

Model Answer B: IELTS Band 7+

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

MODEL SENTENCE STRUCTURES

IELTS 5 These two figures are about crime in Britain

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

BASIC INTERMEDIATE ADVANCED

Increase (v) Climb (v)

Sharp (adj) Dramatic (adj) Exponential (adj)

Sharply (adv) Dramatically (adv) Exponentially (adv)

Increase dramatically Increase exponentially

Just (adv) Only (adv) A negligible/ a mere

About (adv) Some (adv) Approximately (adv)

Prisoner (n) Offender (n)

About (prep) On (prep) Concerning (prep)

Clear (adj) Apparent (adj)

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |

TEST YOUR COMPREHENSION

Answer these questions by circling A, B or C

Answer these questions by writing YES or NO

6. In Model Answer B, the word “peak” is used as a noun.

OSC - Online Speaking Club - http://onlinespeakingclub.org |