Statics & Dynamics (I) : Chapter 7: Internal Forces

1
Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University
Statics & Dynamics (I)
Chapter 7: Internal Forces
18-Nov-18
Chapter Objectives
Method of sections for determining the internal
loadings in a member
Develop procedure by formulating equations
that describe the internal shear and moment
throughout a member
Analyze the forces and study the geometry of
cables supporting a load
Chapter Outline
1. Internal Forces Developed in Structural Members
2. Shear and Moment Equations and Diagrams
3. Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and
Moment
4. Cables
7.1 Internal Forces Developed in Structural Members
 The design of any structural or mechanical member requires the

material to be used to be able to resist the loading acting on the
member
 These internal loadings can be determined by the method of
sections
 Force component N, acting normal to the beam at the cut session

 V, acting tangent to the session are normal or axial force and the
shear force
 Couple moment M is referred as the bending moment
 For 3D, a general internal force and couple moment resultant will
act at the section
 Ny is the normal force, and Vx and Vz are the shear components
 My is the torisonal or twisting moment, and Mx and Mz are the
bending moment components
Procedure for Analysis

Support Reactions
 Before cut, determine the member’s support reactions
 Equilibrium equations used to solve internal loadings during
sectioning
Free-Body Diagrams
 Keep all distributed loadings, couple moments and forces acting
on the member in their exact locations
 After session draw FBD of the segment having the least loads

Free-Body Diagrams (Continue)
 Indicate the x, y, z components of the force, couple moments and
resultant couple moments on FBD
 Only N, V and M act at the section
 Determine the sense by inspection
Equations of Equilibrium
 Moments should be summed at the section
 If negative result, the sense is opposite
Example 7.3
Determine the internal force, shear force and the bending moment
acting at point B of the two-member frame.
Solution
Support Reactions
FBD of each member
Member AC
∑ MA = 0;
-400kN(4m) + (3/5)FDC(8m)= 0
FDC = 333.3kN
+→∑ Fx = 0;
-Ax + (4/5)(333.3kN) = 0
Ax = 266.7kN
+↑∑ Fy = 0;
Ay – 400kN + 3/5(333.3kN) = 0
Ay = 200kN
Solution
Support Reactions
Member AB
+→∑ Fx = 0; NB – 266.7kN = 0
NB = 266.7kN
+↑∑ Fy = 0; 200kN – 200kN - VB = 0
VB = 0
∑ MB = 0; MB – 200kN(4m) – 200kN(2m) = 0
MB = 400kN.m
7.2 Shear and Moment Equations and Diagrams
 Beams – structural members

designed to support loadings
perpendicular to their axes
 A simply supported beam is

pinned at one end and roller
supported at the other
 A cantilevered beam is fixed

at one end and free at the
other

Support Reactions
 Find all reactive forces and couple moments acting on the beam
 Resolve them into components
Shear and Moment Reactions

 Specify separate coordinates x
 Section the beam perpendicular to its axis
 V obtained by summing the forces perpendicular to the beam
 M obtained by summing moments about the sectioned end

Shear and Moment Reactions (Continue)
 Plot (V versus x) and (M versus x)
 Convenient to plot the shear and the bending moment diagrams
below the FBD of the beam
Example 7.7
Draw the shear and bending moments diagrams for the shaft. The support
at A is a thrust bearing and the support at C is a journal bearing.
Solution
Support Reactions
FBD of the shaft
   Fy  0;V  2.5kN
 M  0; M  2.5 xkN.m
   Fy  0; 2.5kN  5kN  V  0
V  2.5kN
 M  0; M  5kN ( x  2m)  2.5kN ( x)  0
M  (10  2.5 x)kN .m
Solution
Shear diagram
Internal shear force is always positive within the shaft AB.
Just to the right of B, the shear force

changes sign and remains at
constant value for segment BC.
Moment diagram
Starts at zero, increases linearly to
B and therefore decreases to zero.
Problem
Draw the shear and moment
diagrams for the beam shown in
Figure . The load is w/unit length
Solutions
The support reactions are shown in
Figure
Shear and Moment Functions

• FBD of the left section of the beam is shown in
figure
• The distributed loading on the segment is wx
• Applying the two equations of equilibrium
yields
wL
   Fy  0;  wx  V  0
2
L 
V  w  x  ------------ 1
2 
 wL   x
  M  0;   x      M  0
wx
 2  2
 w
M     Lx  x 2  -----------  2
2

Statics & Dynamics (I) : Chapter 7: Internal Forces

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Statics & Dynamics (I) : Chapter 7: Internal Forces

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Statics & Dynamics (I) : Chapter 7: Internal Forces

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1

Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University

Statics & Dynamics (I)

Chapter 7: Internal Forces

 The design of any structural or mechanical member requires the

 Force component N, acting normal to the beam at the cut session

Procedure for Analysis

Procedure for Analysis

 Beams – structural members

 A simply supported beam is

 A cantilevered beam is fixed

Procedure for Analysis

Shear and Moment Reactions

Procedure for Analysis

Just to the right of B, the shear force

Shear and Moment Functions

You might also like