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Boiler Heating Surface

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 Boiler heating surface

The boiler Heating surface is the total area in m 2 through which the heated water
and hot gases exchange heat.

 Horizontal Return Fire Tube Boiler (HRT)

1 2
HS= A 1 + A2 + A3− A 4
2 3

Where:
A1 = area of shell

(πDL)
A2 = inside are of all tubes

(πd1Ln)
A3= area of the rear head

π
( ¿D2
4
A 4= cross-sectional area of the tube

π
( ¿do2n
4
D=diameter of shell
di =inside diameter of tube
do=outside diameter of tube
t=wall thickness of tube
L=length of tube
N=numbers of tubes

 Rated Boiler Horsepower

The Rated Boiler Horsepower is the Manufacturer’s Rating equivalent to the Heating
Surface in m2 divided by 0.91 for water tube and 1.1 for Fire tube.

a. For Water Tube Boiler:

HS(¿ m 2)
Rated Bo. HP=
0.91

b. For Fire Tube Boiler:


HS(¿ m 2)
Rated Bo. HP=
1.1

 Developed Boiler Horsepower

The Developed Boiler Horsepower is the actual heat absorption divided by 35,322.

m s (h ¿ ¿ s−hf )
Developed Bo. HP=
(35,322)
¿ si unit

Note: 1 Bo. HP= 35,322 kJ/hr


Where:

ms = mass of steam in kg/hr, lb/hr

hs = enthalpy of steam in Kj/kg, Btu/lb

hf = enthalpy of feedwater in kj/kg, Btu/lb

 Percent Rating

Percentage Rating is the ratio of the developed boiler horsepower to the rated boiler
horsepower

 ASME Evaporation Units

ASME Evaporation Units is the heat output of the boiler of the rate at which heat is
transformed

ASME Evaporation Units ASME Evap. Units = ms(hs – hf) KJ/hr

 Factor of Evaporation
The Factor of Evaporation is the actual heat absorption per kg of steam generated
divided by 2257(hfg from and at 100oC

(h ¿ ¿ s−h f )
FE= ¿
(2257)

 Equivalent Evaporation

The Equivalent Evaporation is the product of the rate of evaporation of steam and
factor of evaporation

 Boiler Economy

The Boiler economy is the ratio of the mass of steam to the mass of fuel

m s+¿ kg steam
BO. Economy= ¿
m f +¿kg fuel ¿

 Equivalent Specific Evaporation

The Equivalent Specific Evaporation is the product of the Actual Specific


Evaporation and the factor of Evaporation

 Boiler Efficiency

Boiler Efficiency is the measure of the ability of a boiler or steam generator to


transfer the heat given by the furnace to the water and steam
Where:

ms= amount of steam

mf =amount of reheated steam

hf= enthalpy of feedwater

hs= enthalpy of steam

Conclusion
References

https://lunyax.files.wordpress.com/2015/12/steam-power-plant1.pdf

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