PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 1

(1) Find the parametric equations of the line passing through A ( 3, - 2 ) and B ( - 4, 5 )
↔ →
and hence express AB , AB and AB as sets.

 ↔ 
 Ans : Parametric equations of AB are x = - 7t + 3, y = 7t - 2, t ∈ R. 
 ↔ 

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 Further AB = { ( - 7t + 3, 7t - 2 ) l t ∈ R }, 
 
 → 
 AB = { ( - 7t + 3, 7t - 2 ) l t ≥ 0, t ∈ R } 
 
 and AB = { ( - 7t + 3, 7t - 2 ) l 0 ≤ t ≤ 1 , t ∈ R } 

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5π
(2) If the length of the perpendicular segment from the o igin is 10 and α = - , then
6

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find the equation of the line.

[ Ans: 3 x + y + 20 = 0 ]

(3) ra
If the lines 3x + y + 4 = 0, 3x + 4y - 5 = 0 and 24x - 7y - 3 = 0 contain the
sides of a triangle, prove that the t iangle i isosceles.
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(4) Find the co-ordinates of the poi t at a distance of 10 units from the point ( 4, - 3 ) on
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the line perpendicular to 3x + 4y = 0.

[ Ans: ( 10, 5 ), ( - 2 - 11 ) ]
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(5) A ( x1, y1 ) and B ( x2, y2 ) are points of the plane. If the line ax + by + c = 0 divides
AB , find the ratio in which it divides AB from A.
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 ax 1 + by 1 + c 
 Ans : λ : 1 = - , ax 2 + by 2 + c ≠ 0 
 ax 2 + by 2 + c 
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6 ) If the sum of the intercepts on the axes of a line is constant, find the equation satisfied
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by the mid-point of the segment of the line intercepted between the axes.

[ Ans: x + y = k, where 2k = constant sum of the intercepts ]

(7) Find k if the lines kx - y - 2 = 0, 2x + ky - 5 = 0 and 4x - y - 3 = 0 are

concurrent.

[ Ans: k = 3 or - 2 ]
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 2

(8) Among all the lines passing through the point of intersection of the lines x + y - 7 =
0 and 4x - 3y = 0, find the one for which the length of the perpendicular segment on
it from the origin is maximum.

[ Ans: 3x + 4y - 25 = 0 ]

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x y
( 9 ) Prove that the product of the perpendicular distances of the line cos θ + sin θ = 1
a b
 
a2 -
2
from the points  ± b 2 , 0  is b .

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 

2 2 2 2
( 10 ) Prove that if l m1 ≠ l1 m, n ≠ n1 and l + m = l 1 + m1 , then the lines

ce
lx + my + n = 0, l1x + m1y + n1 = 0, lx + my + n1 = 0 and l1x + m1y + n = 0
form a rhombus.

( 11 ) Prove that the lines ( a

2
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- 3b2 ) x2 + 8abxy + ( b2 - 3a2 ) y2 = 0 and ax + by + c = 0,
c ≠ 0 contain the sides of an eq ilateral triangle whose area is
c2
.
m
3 ( a2 + b2 )
xa

2 2
( 12 ) Two lines are represen ed by 3x - 7xy + 2y - 14x + 13y + 15 = 0. Find the measure
of the angle between them and the point of their intersection.

 π  7 4 
 Ans : ,  - 
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 4  5 5 

( 13 ) If the in erc pts on the axes by the line x cos α + y sin α = p are a and b, prove
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2 2 2
tha a + b- = p- .
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( 14 ) G ven A ( 2, 2 ), B ( 0, 4 ) and C ( 3, 3 ), find the equation of ( i ) the median of

triangle ABC through A, ( ii ) the altitude of triangle ABC through A ( iii ) the
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perpendicular bisector of BC and ( iv ) the bisector of ∠ BAC.

[ Ans: ( i ) 3x + y = 8, ( ii ) 3x - y = 4, ( iii ) 3x - y = 1 and ( iv ) x = 2 ]

( 15 ) Equations of the two of the sides of a parallelogram are 3x - y - 2 = 0 and

x - y - 1 = 0 and one of its vertices is ( 2, 3 ). Find the equations of the remaining
sides.

[ Ans: x - y + 1 = 0, 3x - y - 3 = 0 ]
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 3

( 16 ) A line passes through ( 3, - 1 ) and the length of the segment perpendicular to it

from the origin is 2 . Find the equation of the line.

[ Ans: ( 3 + 1)x + ( 3 - 1 ) y = 4, ( 3 - 1)x - ( 3 + 1)y = 4]

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( 17 ) Find the equation of a line through ( 2, 6 ) if the length of the perpendicula segment
to it from the origin is 2.

[ Ans: x = 2, 4x - 3y + 10 = 0 ]

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( 18 ) Find the equation of the line which passes through ( 3, - 2 ) and which makes an angle

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of 60° with the line 3 x + y = 1.

[ Ans: y + 2 = 0, y - 3x + 2 + 3 3 = 0]

( 19 ) ra
Find the equation of the line which passes through ( 3, 4 ) and which makes an angle
of 45° with the line 3x + 4y = 2
m
[ Ans: x - 7y + 25 = 0, 7x + y - 25 = 0 ]
xa

( 20 ) Find the points on 2x y = 1 which are at a distance 5 from ( 1, - 1 ).

[ Ans: ( 0, 1 ), 2, - 3 ) ]
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( 21 ) Find the poi s on 2x + y = 1 which are at a distance 2 from ( 1, 1 ).

  3 11  
 Ans : ( 1, - 1 ),  - , 
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  5 5 
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( 22 ) A line intersects X- and Y-axes at A and B respectively. If AB = 10 and 3OA = 4 OB,

then find the equation of the line.

( Ans: ± 3x ± 4y = 24 )

( 23 ) The points ( 1, 2 ) and ( 3, 8 ) are a pair of opposite vertices of a square. Find the
equations of the lines containing its sides and diagonals.

( Ans: x - 2y + 3 = 0, x - 2y + 13 = 0, 2x + y - 4 = 0, 2x + y - 14 = 0,
3x - y - 1 = 0, x + 3y - 17 = 0 )
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 4

( 24 ) An adjacent pair of vertices of a square is ( - 1, 3 ) and ( 2, - 1 ). Find the remaining

vertices.

[ Ans: ( 6, 2 ), ( 3, 6 ), ( - 2, - 4 ), ( - 5, 0 ) ]

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( 25 ) Find the equations of the lines passing though ( - 2, 3 ) which form an equilateral
triangle with the line 3x - 3y + 16 = 0

( Ans: x + 2 = 0, x + 3y + 2 - 3 3 = 0 )

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( 26 ) Area of triangle ABC is 4. The co-ordinates of A and ar ( 2, 1 ) and ( 4, 3 ). Find
the co-ordinates of C if it lies on the line 3x - y - 1 = 0

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[ Ans: ( 2, 5 ), ( - 2, - 7 ) ]

( 27 )
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Find the equation of a line passing through ( 2, 3 ) and which contains a segment of
length 2 between the lines 2x + y - 5 = 0 and 2x + y - 3 = 0.

[ Ans: 3x + 4y - 18 = 0, x = 2 ]
m
xa

( 28 ) Show that the centroid of t angle ABC lies on the line 21x + 27y - 74 = 0 if C lies
on 7x + 9y - 10 = 0 and A and B have co-ordinates ( 6, 3 ) and ( - 2, 1 ).
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1 1 x y
( 29 ) If + = k, then prove that all lines + = 1 pass through a fixed point.
a b a b
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2
( 30 ) Prove that if a + b + c = 0, and b ≠ ac, c2 ≠ ab and a2 ≠ bc, then the lines
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ax + by + c = 0, bx + cy + a = 0 and cx + ay + b = 0 are concurrent and find

their point of concurrence.
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[ Ans: ( 1, 1 ) ]

( 31 ) Find the co-ordinates of the foot of the perpendicular from the origin on the line
x y
+ = 1
a b
  ab 2 a 2b 
 Ans :  , 
  a2 + b2 a 2 + b2  
  
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 5

( 32 ) Without finding the point of intersection of the lines x - 2y - 2 = 0 and

2x - 5y + 1 = 0, find the equation of the line passing through that point and
satisfying the given conditions:

(i) whose both intercepts are equal,

( ii ) whose sum of the two intercepts is zero, but their product is not zero,

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( iii ) whose distance from origin is 13 units and
( iv ) for which the product of both intercepts is - 30.

[ Ans: ( i ) x + y - 17 = 0, 5x = 12y, ( ii ) x - y - 7 = 0, ( iii ) 12x + 5y - 169 = 0,

( iv ) 5x - 6y - 30 = 0, 5x - 24y + 60 = 0 ]

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( 33 ) Find the points on the line 3x - 2y - 2 = 0 whi h are at a distance 3 units from

ce
3x + 4y - 8 = 0.

  1 3   7 
 Ans :  - , - ,  3, 
  3 2   2 

( 34 )
2 2
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Prove that x - y - 2xy tan θ + 2ay sec θ - a
their point of intersection.
2
= 0 represents a pair of lines and find
m
[ Ans: ( a sin θ, a cos θ ) ]
xa

( 35 ) Find the measure of the angle between the lines

2 2 2 2 2 2 π
( cos α - cos )x xy sin 2θ + ( cos θ - sin α ) y = 0, 0 < α < .
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[ Ans: 2α ]
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( 36 ) rove that the difference between the slopes of the lines

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2 2 2 2 2
( tan θ + cos θ ) x - 2xy tan θ + y sin θ = 0 is 2.
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( 7) Prove that the equation of the lines through the origin which makes an angle of
2 2 π
measure α with x + y = 0 is x + 2xy sec 2α + y = 0 ( 0 < α < ).
4

2 2
( 38 ) If the equation x - λxy + 4y + x + 2y - 2 = 0 represents two lines, then find λ.

[ Ans: - 4, 5 ]
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 6

( 39 ) The sides of a triangle are along the lines x - 2y + 2 = 0, 3x - y + 6 = 0 and

x - y = 0. Find the orthocentre of the triangle.

[ Ans: ( - 7, 5 ) ]

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( 40 ) Find the area of the triangle whose sides are along the lines x = 0, y = m1x + c1
and y = m2x + c2.

 ( c1 - c 2 )2 
 Ans : 

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 2 l m1 - m 2 l 


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( 41 ) Find the area of the parallelogram whose sides ar along the lines y = mx + a,
y = mx + b, y = nx + c and y = nx + d.

 (a - b)(c - d) 
 Ans : 
 m - n

( 42 ) Find the points on the line x


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5y - 13 = 0 which are at a distance of 2 units from
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the line 12x - 5y + 26 = 0.

  12   16  
xa

 Ans :  1, ,  - 3, 
  5   5 

( 43 ) One pair of opposite vertices of a rhombus is ( - 2, 5 ) and ( 6, 7 ). One of its sides

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is along the line x - 2y + 12 = 0. Find the equations of the lines along which the
remaining sides and diagonals of the rhombus lie.
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[ Ans x - 2y + 8 = 0, x - 38y + 260 = 0, x - 38y + 192 = 0, 4x + y - 14 = 0 and

x 4y + 22 = 0 ]
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( 44 ) In triangle ABC, A is ( 3, 4 ) and the lines containing two of the altitudes are
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4x + y = 0 and 3x - 4y + 23 = 0. Find the co-ordinates of B and C.

[ Ans: ( - 5, 2 ), ( - 3, 12 ) ]

( 45 ) Find the co-ordinates of the foot of the perpendicular from the point ( a, 0 ) on the line
a
y = mx + , m ≠ 0.
m

[ Ans: ( 0, a / m ) ]
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 7

( 46 ) Co-ordinates of A in triangle ABC are ( 1, - 2 ) and the equations of the perpendicular

bisectors of AB and AC are x - y + 5 = 0 and x + 2y = 0. Find the co-ordinates
of B and C.

  11 2  
 Ans : ( - 7, 6 ),  , 

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  5 5 

( 47 ) In triangle ABC, A is ( 4, - 3 ) and two of the medians lie along the lines
2x + y + 1 = 0 and x + 5y - 1 = 0. Find the co-ordinates of B and C.

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[ Ans: ( - 2,, 3 ), ( - 4, 1 ) ]

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( 48 ) Find the combined equation of the lines through the origin which are perpendicular to
2 2
the lines ax + 2hxy + by = 0.
2
[ Ans: bx - 2hxy + ay = 0 ]
2

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m
2 2
( 49 ) If the line connecting A ( at1 , 2a t1 ) and B ( at2 , 2a t2 ) passes through the point
( a, 0 ), then prove that t1t2 = - 1
xa

( 50 ) Prove that the equat on of the line passing through A ( a cos α, b sin α ) and
x α + β y α + β α - β
B ( a cos β, b s n β ) i cos + sin = cos .
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a 2 b 2 2

3 3
( 51 ) Show that the equation of the line passing through ( a cos θ, a sin θ ) and
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pe pendicular to x sec θ + y cosec θ = a is x cos θ - y sin θ = a cos 2θ.

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( 52 ) Find the equation of the line passing through the origin and cutting off a segment of
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length 10 between the lines 2x - y + 1 = 0 and 2x - y + 6 = 0.

[ Ans: x - 3y = 0, 3x + y = 0 ]

( 53 ) If p and p’ are the perpendicular distances of the origin from the lines
x sec θ + y cosec θ = a and x cos θ - y sin θ = a cos 2θ respectively, then prove that
2 2 2
4p + p’ = a .
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 8

( 54 ) If a perpendicular from origin on a line passing through the point of intersection of

4x - y - 2 = 0 and 2x + y - 10 = 0 is of length 2, then find the equation of the
line.

[ Ans: x = 2, 4x - 3y + 10 = 0 ]

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( 55 ) Find the orthocentre of the triangle ABC formed by the three lines y = a ( x - b - c ),
y = b ( x - c - a ) and y = c ( x - a - b ).

[ Ans: ( - abc, 1 ) ]

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x - x1 y - y1
( 56 ) If the line = passing through A ( x1, y ) meets the line ax + by + c = 0

ce
cos θ sin θ
ax 1 + by 1 + c
at B, then prove that AB = .
a cos θ + b sin θ

and B ( x2, y2 ), then show that

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( 57 ) If the line l x + my + n = 0 is th perpendicular bisector of AB joining A ( x1, y1 )
x1 - x 2 y - y2
= 1 =
2 ( l x 1 + my 1 + n )
.
m
l m l 2 + m2

2 2
xa

( 58 ) If in a pair of straight lines represented by the equation ax + 2hxy + by = 0, the

2 2
slope of one line is k times that of the other, then prove that 4kh = ab ( 1 + k ) .
.e

( 59 ) The line 3x + 2y = 24 meets the Y-axis at A and the X-axis at B. The perpendicular
bisector o AB meets the line through ( 0, - 1 ) parallel to X-axis at C. Find the area
of the riangle ABC.
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[ Ans: 91 sq. units ]

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↔
( 60 ) A line 4x + y = 1 through the point A ( 2, - 7 ) meets the line BC whose equation is
↔
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3x - 4y + 1 = 0 at the point B. Find the equation of the line AC , so that AB = AC.

[ Ans: 52x + 89y + 519 = 0 ]

( 61 ) Find orthocentre of the triangle whose vertices are [ at1t2, a( t1 + t2 ) ],

[ at2t3, a ( t2 + t3 ) ] and [ at3t1, a ( t3 + t1 ) ].

[ Ans: [ - a, a ( t1 + t2 + t3 + t1 t2 t3 ) ] ]
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 9

( 62 ) Show that if A ( x1, y1 ), B ( x2, y2 ) and C ( x3, y3 ) are the vertices of a triangle, then

( i ) the equation of the median through A is given by

x y 1 x y 1

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x1 y1 1 + x1 y1 1 = 0 and
x 2 y2 1 x3 y3 1

( ii ) the equation of the internal bisector of angle A is given by

x y 1 x y 1

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b x1 y1 1 + c x1 y1 1 = 0 , where b = AC and c = AB.
x2 y2 1 x3 y3 1

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( 63 ) Lines L1 ≡ ax + by + c = 0 and L2 ≡ l x + my + n = 0 intersect at the point P
and make an angle θ with each other. F nd the equation of the line different from L2

[ Ans: 2 ( al + bm ) ( ax + by + c ) -
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which passes through P and makes the same angle θ with L1.

a
2 2
b ) ( l x + my + n ) = 0 ]
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( 64 ) Find the locus of the mid-point of the portion of the variable line xcos α + ysinα = p,
xa

intercepted by the co- rdinate axes, given that p remains constant.

2 2 2
[ Ans: x - + y- = 4p ]
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( 65 ) A variab e straight line drawn through the point of intersection of the lines
bx + ay = ab and ax + by = ab meets the co-ordinate axes in A and B. Show that
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the ocus of the mid-point of AB is the curve 2xy ( a + b ) = ab ( x + y ).

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( 66 ) Sh w that the quadrilateral formed by the lines ax ± by + c = 0 and ax ± by - c = 0

2c 2
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is a rhombus and that its area is .

ab

( 67 ) Suppose a ≠ b, b ≠ c, c ≠ a, a ≠ 1, b ≠ 1, c ≠ 1 and the lines ax + y + 1 = 0,

x + by + 1 = 0 and x + y + c = 0 are concurrent, then prove that

1 1 1
+ + = 1.
1- a 1- b 1- c
PROBLEMS 02 - LINE / LINES Page 10

( 68 ) The equation of a line bisecting an angle between two lines is 2x + 3y - 1 = 0. If one

of the two lines has equation x + 2y = 1, find the equation of the other line.

[ Ans: 19x + 22 y = 3 ]

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2
( 69 ) Prove that all the chords of the curve 3x - y2 - 2x + 4y = 0 subt ndi g right angle
at the origin are concurrent.

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( 70 ) A line cuts X-axis at A ( 7, 0 ) and the Y-axis at B ( 0, - 5 ). A variable line PQ is
drawn perpendicular to AB cutting the X-axis at P and the Y-axis at Q. If AQ and
BP intersect in R, find the locus of R. [ IIT 1990 ]

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2 2
[ Ans: x + y - 7x + 5y = 0 ]

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( 71 ) Straight lines 3x + 4y = 5 and 4x - y = 15 intersect at the point A. Points B and
C are chosen on these two lines su h that AB = AC. Determine the possible
equations of the line BC passing through the point ( 1, 2 ). [ IIT 1990 ]
m
[ Ans: 7x + y - 9 = 0, x 7y + 13 = 0 ]
xa

( 72 ) The sides of a triangle are along the lines L i ≡ x cos α i + y sin α i - p i = 0,

i = 1, 2, 3. Prove hat the orthocentre of the triangle is given by
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L 1 cos ( α 2 - α 3 ) = L 2 cos ( α 3 - α 1 ) = L 3 cos ( α 1 - α 2 ).

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( 73 ) A ine h ough A ( - 2, - 3 ) meets the lines x + 3y - 9 = 0 and x + y + 1 = 0 at

↔
B and C respectively such that AB.AC = 20. Find the equation of AB .
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( 74 ) A line through A ( - 5, - 4 ) meets the lines x + 3y + 2 = 0, 2x + y + 4 = 0 and

x - y - 5 = 0 at B, C, and D respectively. If AC, AB, AD are in H. P., then find
↔
the equation of AB .

( 75 ) Find the equation of the line passing through the point of intersection of the lines
x + y = 2 and 3x - y = 2 and for which perpendicular distance from the origin is the
shortest.