Department of Mechanical Engineering: Fluid Machinery Lab (MEPC 319)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Dr B R AMBEDKAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
JALANDHAR – 144011
JAN – 2020
PRACTICAL FILE
Fluid Machinery Lab (MEPC 319)
Submitted by – PIYUSHI
Roll no – 18109059
Semester – 6th
Submitted to – Dr Sanjay
EXPERIMENT NO - 1
OBJECTIVE: Calibration of V -notch.
EQUIPMENT USED: A constant steady water supply tank (Notch tank) with baffles wall,
pointer gauge, collecting tank, V -notch.
INTRODUCTION AND THEORY:- Different type of models are available to find discharge in
an open channel as notch, weir etc. for calibration of either rectangular notch, trapezoidal notch
or V notch some flow is allowed in the flume,. Once the flow becomes steady and uniform
discharge coefficients can be determine for any models.
In general, sharp crested notch are preferred where highly accurate discharge measurement are
required, for example in hydraulic laboratories, industry and irrigation pilot schemes, which do
not carry debris and sediments.
Notches are those overflow structure whose length of crest in the direction of low is accurately
shaped. There may be rectangular, trapezoidal, V notch etc. the V -notch is one of the most
precise discharge and head over the weir can be developed by making the following assumptions
as to the flow behavior.
a. Upstream of the weir, the flow is uniform and the pressure varies with depth according to
the hydrostatic equation p=ρgh.
b. The face surface remains horizontal as far as plane of the weir, and all particles passing
over the weir move horizontally.
c. The pressure throughout the sheet of liquid or nappe, which passes over the crest of the
weir, is atmospheric.
d. The effect of viscosity and surface tension are negligible.
e. The velocity in the approach channel is negligible.
A v-notch is having a V-shaped opening provided in its body so that water is discharged through
this opening. This line which bisects the angle of notch should be vertical and the same distance
from both sides of the channel. The discharge coefficient cd of a v -notch may be determined by
formula :
5
8 θ
Qcd=
15 ()
√ 2 g tan H 2
2
Where Qcd is the discharge coefficient of the notch.
EXPERIMENT SETUP:
The experiment set up consists of a tank whose inlet section is provided with 2 nos. of baffles for
stream line flow. While at the downstream portion of he tank one can fit rectangular notch,
trapezoidal notch, V notch. A tank hook gauge is used to measure the head of water over the
model. A collecting is used to find the actual discharge through the notch.
EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE:
1. The notch under test is positioned at the end of the tank, in a vertical plane and with the
sharp edge on the upstream side.
2. The tank is filled with water up to crest level and subsequently note down the crest level
of the notch by the help of a point gauge.
3. The flow regulating valve is adjusted to give the maximum possible discharge without
flooding the notch.
4. Conditions are allowed to steady before the rate of discharge and head H were recorded.
5. The flow rate is reduced in stages and the reading of discharge and H were taken.
6. The procedure is repeated for other trial.
CALCULATIONS:
Trial 1:
For Theoretical Discharge , Qth:
Initial Reading , H1=3.15cm
Final Reading , H2=9.59cm
H = H1-H2 =6.94cm
Theoritical Discharge :
5
8 θ
15 ()
√ 2 g tan H 2 =2486.3cm3
2
θ=90 ° , g=981 cm/c2
L=70cm,B=50cm
A=3500cm2
h=10cm
Time taken to fill 10 cm tank ,t10 =24s
AXh
Qact= = 1458.3cm3
t 10
Q act
Cd= = 0.58
Q cd
Trial 2:
H = H1-H2 =6.89cm
5
8 θ
15 2 ()
√ 2 g tan H 2 =2943.7cm3
θ=90 ° , g=981 cm/c2
L=70cm,B=50cm
A=3500cm2
h=10cm
Time taken to fill 10 cm tank ,t10 =20s
AXh
Qact= = 1750cm3
tk
Qact
Cd= = 0.59
Qcd
Trial 3:

H = H1-H2 =4.89cm
5
8 θ
15 2 ()
√ 2 g tan H 2 =1249.2cm3
θ=90 ° , g=981 cm/c2
L=70cm,B=50cm
A=3500cm2
h=10cm
Time taken to fill 10 cm tank ,t10 =44.6s
AXh
Qact= = 784.7cm3
tk
Q act
Cd= = 0.62
Q cd
0.62+0.59+0.58
Average Cd = = 0.597
3
S. No. Initial Final Head ,H Qth Time taken Q , Actual Discharge

Crest Crest (H1-H2) Measured to rise by Discharge Coefficient ,
level Level H2 Discharge 10cm (cm3/s) Cd
H1 (cm3/s) height (s)
1 3.15 9.59 6.44 2486.3 24 1458.33 0.58

2 3.15 10.04 6.89 2943.7 20 1750 0.59
3 3.15 8.04 4.89 1249.2 44.6 784.7 0.62
Result:
The average Coefficient of Discharge , Cd was found to be 0.597.

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Department of Mechanical Engineering: Fluid Machinery Lab (MEPC 319)

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DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Dr B R AMBEDKAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

OBJECTIVE: Calibration of V -notch.

For Theoretical Discharge , Qth:

Initial Reading , H1=3.15cm

Final Reading , H2=9.59cm

θ=90 ° , g=981 cm/c2

Time taken to fill 10 cm tank ,t10 =24s

For Theoretical Discharge , Qth:

Initial Reading , H1=3.15cm

Final Reading , H2=10.04cm

θ=90 ° , g=981 cm/c2

Time taken to fill 10 cm tank ,t10 =20s

For Theoretical Discharge , Qth:

Initial Reading , H1=3.15cm

θ=90 ° , g=981 cm/c2

Time taken to fill 10 cm tank ,t10 =44.6s

S. No. Initial Final Head ,H Qth Time taken Q , Actual Discharge

1 3.15 9.59 6.44 2486.3 24 1458.33 0.58

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