Fluid Mechanics Ans Machinery - Lab Manual

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ST PETERS INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND

RESEARCH
AVADI, CHENNAI-600054.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

YEAR/SEMESTER-II/III

BCE207-HYDRAULICENGINEERINGLABORATORY
LAB MANUAL FOR STUDENTS
ST PETERS INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND
RESEARCH
AVADI, CHENNAI-600054

BONAFIDECERTIFICATE

RegistrationNo.

Certifiedthat this is the bonafiderecord of work done


by Mr/Mrs.
………………………………………………..………
of………….-semester
B.E.Civil Engineering Branch/Batch during the academic year
…....................................In the Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory.

Head of the Department Staff In-Charge

Submitted for the University practical examination held


on……………………at St Peters Institute Of Higher
Education And Research,Avadi,Chennai-600054.

InternalExaminer ExternalExaminer
Date:……………… Date:………………
BCE207 - HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LAB

1. Determination of the coefficient of discharge of given Orificemeter.

2. Determination of the coefficient of discharge of given Venturimeter.

3. Calculation of the rate of flow using Rotameter.

4. Determination of friction factor of given set of pipes.

5. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of


centrifugal pump.

6. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of


reciprocating pump.

7. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of Gear


pump.

8. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of Pelton


wheel.

9. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of Francis


turbine.

10.Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of Kaplan


turbine

11.Conducting experiments of Bernoulli’s apparatus

12.. Conducting experiments of Submersible Pump


BERNOULLI’SAPPARATUS

AIM:
To verify Bernoulli’s theorem using Bernoulli’s
apparatus.

APPARATUSREQUIRED:
1. Bernoulli’s apparatus
2. Stop watch
3. Scale

FORMULAE:
1. Discharge Q = q / t =………….. cm3 /sec
2. Velocity V= Q/ A= ................... = ………. cm/sec Where A is
the cross sectional area of the fluid flow
3. Velocity head V 2 /2g = ………….. cm
4. Pressure head (actual measurement or piezometer tube
reading)
P/w= ……………… cm
5. Total Head H = Pressure head + Velocity Head =
………...........…….. cm
S.no Head, ‘H’ (cm) Timefor10cm rise, ‘t’ Actual Theoretical Co-efficientof
sec. discharge,Qa(cm discharge,Qt(cm3/s) discharge
3/s) Cd=Qa/Qt

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
PROCEDURE:
1. Keep the bypass valve open and start the pump and
slowly start closing valve.
2. The water shall start flowing through the flow channel.
The level in the Piezometer tubes shall start rising.
3. Open the valve on the delivery tank side and adjust the
head in the Piezometer tubes to steady position.
4. Measure the heads at all the points and also discharge
with help of diversion pan in the measuring tank.
5. Varying the discharge and repeat the procedure.

Fig.Bernoulli’sapparatus

GRAPH:

Plotthegraphtaking,

(i) C/sareaVsPressurehead
(ii) C/sareaVsVelocityhead
(iii) C/sareaVsTotalhead
MODELCALCULATION:

Result:

Thusthe Bernoulli’sequation isverifiedbyusing


Bernoulli’sapparatus anditisalso verified by graphically. The total
head is
SUBMERSIBLE PUMP

AIM:
To conduct experiments on a Submersible pump and draw the characteristic curves

APPARATUSREQUIRED:
1. Submersible pump setup
2. Meter scale
3. Stopwatch
FORMULAE:

1. ACTUALDISCHARGE:

Qact=Ax y /t (m3/s)

Where:

A= Areaofthecollectingtank (m2)
y= 10cmriseof waterlevelinthecollectingtank
t=Timetakenfor10cmriseof water levelincollecting tank.

2. TOTALHEAD:

H=Hd+Z
Where:

Hd = Discharge head,
meter
Z= Datum head,

meter

3. INPUTPOWER:

I/P=(3600 N 1000)/(ET)(watts)
Where:
N = Number of revolutions of energy
meter disc E = Energy meter constant
(rev/Kwhr)
T = time taken for ‘Nr’
revolutions(seconds)
Time
Suction Total Timetaken Actual
Suction takenfor Input Output
gauge Hs Head for„h‟rise of Discharge %
S.No headHs Nr Power Power
m (H)mof water (Qact)x10- 
\mof water revolutio n (Pi ) (Po)
ofwater water (t)S 3
m3\sec
tS watt watt
4. OUTPUTPOWER:

Po=ρ xgxQxH/1000 (watts)

Where
, ρ = Density of water (kg/m³)
g =Accelerationduetogravity(m/ s 2)
H = Total head of water (m)

5. EFFICIENCY:

o=(Outputpowero/p/input powerI/p)100%

Where,
O/p= Output

powerkW

I/p=Inputpower

kW

PROCEDURE:
1. Notedownthereading andnotethecorrespondingsuctionheadreading
2. Close the drain valve and note down the timetakenfor 10cm rise of
water level in collecting tank
3. Measuretheareaofcollectingtank
4. Fordifferentdeliverytubes,repeattheexperiment
5. Foreverysetreadingnotedownthetimetakenfor5revolutionsofenergy
meter disc.
MODELCALCULATION:

GRAPHS:

1. ActualdischargeVsTotalhead
2. ActualdischargeVs Efficiency
3. ActualdischargeVsInputpower
4. ActualdischargeVsOutputpower
MODELCALCULATION:

RESULT:
Thustheperformancecharacteristicsofcentrifugalpumpwasstudiedand
themaximum efficiencywas foundtobe

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