Operating Manual: Localized Electronics Cleanliness Tester Residue Extractor (Model: C3/C.I.)
Operating Manual: Localized Electronics Cleanliness Tester Residue Extractor (Model: C3/C.I.)
Operating Manual: Localized Electronics Cleanliness Tester Residue Extractor (Model: C3/C.I.)
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1. CONTACTS AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT
For information regarding operation, maintenance, calibration, or repair, please contact
Foresite, Inc. at:
Foresite, Inc.
1982 South Elizabeth Street
Kokomo, IN 46902
(765) 457-8095
C3support@foresiteinc.com
www.foresiteinc.com
To become fully acquainted with the operation and use of the C3, it is recommended that
personnel within your organization become active in the following ways:
• Visit the Foresite website to receive information concerning the C3 and future
development plans. Go to www.foresiteinc.com.
If any problems are encountered with this system please contact Technical Support at
(765) 457-8095 or C3support@foresiteinc.com.
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2. SPECIFICATIONS & SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
2.1. Specifications
Dimensions:
Weight:
Approximately 75 pounds (34 kilograms)
Power Requirements:
100 to 240 V AC, 1 Φ
50 to 60 Hz
5.0 A @ 120 V AC
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2.2. Shipping Contents
• C3 system
• Laptop computer with Microsoft Windows operating system and C3/C.I. Control
Software
• Support arm and tray for laptop
• Detached C3 arm assembly
• Electrical verification cells (high, medium and low current levels)
• Purge cell
• Purge collection jar
• Blank Test Cup
• Fun-tak
• Power cord
• USB Drive with C3/C.I. Documentation and software backup loaded
• Allen wrenches (5/64” for steam head; 3/32” for access panels, 7/32” for
Computer Arm)
• Priming Syringe
• Standard test cells (one box, 100 per box)
• Caps for vials (one bag, 100 per bag)
• Extraction vials - 2 mL (one box standard, 100 per box)
• Extraction solution (two 1-liter bags standard)
• Operating Manual
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2.3. System Overview
Computer
Arm & Steam
Head Assembly
ESD Mat
Articulating Arm
& Tray
Storage Drawer
Solution Drawer
Steam
inlet
Vacuum
outlet
Electrode
Wing Sample
collection
reservoir
Seal
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2.4. Principles of Operation
The information gathered when using the C3 is intended to provide
a measure of the cleanliness of a localized region of the sample
surface, for example a circuit board. In addition, the C3 extracts a
sample of the effluent from that localized region that can be used in
further ionic analysis (such as ion chromatography).
Using the results from both SIR (surface insulation resistance) and ion chromatography
testing, a leakage current of 250 μA has been established to identify when a current
leakage event has occurred. The default test parameter settings (250 µA and 120 sec.)
produce relatively sensitive C3 tests and are commonly used on higher reliability
electronics (e.g. IPC Class II and III). Another commonly used set of C3 test parameters
is 500 μA and 60 seconds. These settings are used on electronics for less demanding
applications and environments (e.g. IPC Class I).
The design of the C3 assumes that the more corrosive or conductive the extracted
residue, the quicker a current leakage event occurs. The less corrosive or conductive the
residue, the longer it will take to reach a 250 µA event.
The C3 system measures the time taken to reach a 250 µA current leakage event.
Extensive testing has shown that C3 timing results that achieve the 250 µA event in less
than 120 seconds correlate to residues that exceed the ionic contamination limits
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established by Foresite, Inc. Such results are identified as unacceptable and the tested
sample is considered “Dirty”. Timing events that take longer than 120 seconds to
achieve a 250 µA current leakage event correlate to acceptable residue levels and that
region of the sample surface is considered “Clean”.
Foresite developed the C3®, a process control tool that assesses the presence of
detrimental, corrosive and/or conductive, residues in a specific, selected test area (0.1
in2) using nondestructive, extraction and testing techniques. The C3 is used both to
assess incoming material cleanliness and to monitor assembly and repair processes.
During a C3 test a graph is created, plotting leakage current across an electrode gap (in
micro-amps) versus elapsed test time. The test is terminated if and when the current
exceeds a programmed limit or the set total test time (usually 180 seconds) is reached. If
the current exceeds the limit prior to a set decision time, the test result is “dirty”;
otherwise, the result is “clean”. The maximum current read during the test and the
elapsed time of the test are recorded.
Foresite recommended C3 limits for “IPC Class I” product are a set current limit of 500.0
µA and a set decision time of 60.0 seconds; therefore, the C.I. limit is (500.0/60.0) 8.33.
In a C3 test example where the current stays low throughout the set total test time of 180
sec. (e.g. a max. current reading of 225.0 µA), the result is a “Clean” passing C.I. of
225.0/180.0 = 1.25, well below the 8.33 limit. In a test example where the current
exceeds the set current limit prior to the set decision time (e.g. 550.0 µA at 50.0 sec.),
the result is a “Dirty” failing C.I. of 500.0/50.0 = 10.0, above the limit.
Using recommended C3 limits for “IPC Class II and III” product to further illustrate the
C.I., with a set current limit of 250.0 µA and a set decision time of 120.0 seconds, the
C.I. limit is (250.0/120.0) 2.08. Looking at a C3 test example where the current exceeds
the set limit after the set decision time (e.g. 275.0 µA at 130.0 sec.), the result is a
“Clean” passing C.I. of 250.0/130.0 = 1.92, below the C.I. limit.
The factory default C3 limits are set with a current limit of 250 and decision time of 120
seconds.
Current values used in test C.I. calculations are limited to the set current limit for two
reasons:
1) A test current spike soon after the set decision time, if not limited to the set
current limit, can result in a calculated C.I. above the C.I. limit, even though the
test passed by having the current stay below the limit throughout the period prior
to the set decision time;
2) When a test current spikes, it can happen suddenly, usually as a result of a
dendrite forming – so suddenly that the recorded max. current can vary
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significantly between such test occurrences. Using the recorded max. current
reading in such tests would result in erratic C.I. values that could mask trends.
The Corrosivity Index (C.I.) provides a single test result value that can be plotted over
time to track trending in product cleanliness – the lower the C.I. the less likely a tested
product site will suffer performance problems due to the presence of a detrimental ionic
residue.
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3. INSTALLATION & PRE-OPERATION CHECKS
3. Center the white spacer washer on the post. Place the arm/steam head on the
stationary post as shown. Place the metal washer on the top of the arm and screw
the wing nut down to secure the arm to the post. Adjust the tightness of the screw to
control the ease of arm motion.
4. Assemble the Computer Support Arm and Tray, and position the laptop on them per
factory instructions provided.
Insert main arm Attach tray to arm and attach washer under
arm to tray
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Place laptop in tray Slide back plate over laptop screen
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5. Connect the electrical, vacuum and water supply lines behind the test arm base.
• The electrical connection for the test head is a keyed barrel connector. Rotate
the connector until the keyed position is found. Insert to full depth and rotate
locking barrel.
• The vacuum connection is made with a push and click motion. When the fitting is
fully seated, the retention clip will snap into place.
• Thread the extraction solution tubing assembly into the base fitting. Twist the
fitting until finger tight.
• Attach the power cable to the connector on the back panel of the cabinet.
6. Plug the USB cable into the USB port on the right side of the laptop.
7. Remove the shipping cap from the extraction solution bag and replace it with the
system one-way valve cap. Purge any air bubbles that are trapped in the solution
bag by holding the bag upright and squeezing out the trapped air. The one-way valve
will keep air from re-entering the bag.
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8. Screw the system feed line onto the one-way valve by hand tightening. Lay the
solution bag on its side in the fluid system drawer as shown.
9. Plug the power cable into a 100 - 240 V power outlet. Turn the unit on using the
power switch located on the left side of the enclosure. The unit should be operational
at this point.
10. Upon powering up the PC it should start and run the same as any office PC. Once
the PC has started and loaded Windows, the C3 software icon should appear on the
desktop. Click on the C3 desktop icon and the software should open and take you to
the Test Homepage.
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3.2. Initial System Navigation
The C3 has many different options for operating via the PC interface. Those options
control the system as shown below.
The primary menu options found on the “Menu Tool Bar” are:
• File
• Edit
• Calibration
• View
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• Control
• Verification
• Data Analysis
• Security
Help
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Detailed Descriptions of the Primary Menus
File Menu
In the file menu the user has the option to open or save test files as well as create or
save Configurations.
The Test Open/Save option allows the user to open a previously run test for review as
well as save current test data to specific files via the browse option.
Configuration files have file extensions .c3c. Test parameters and user information is
stored in these files. To create a new configuration set, choose File – Configuration –
New Configuration. To save a configuration file use File – Configuration – Save
Configuration or use File – Configuration – Save Configuration As. To recall a
configuration file use File – Configuration – Load Configuration.
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The currently loaded configuration file name will be shown in the center of the status bar
after it is loaded.
The Quit selection in the File Menu will close the C3 program.
Edit Menu
The Edit menu option is where the user can input User/Customer information, adjust test
parameters, and select preferences.
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User Information
User/Customer information allows entry of customer and test information into the test
database.
Please note that Foresite has factory set the test parameters to those which will
provide standardized results that have been verified and correlated from
thousands of laboratory tests. While the option exists to adjust test parameters,
Foresite strongly recommends consulting with technical service before doing so.
Foresite cannot stand behind the results of regular operation using user modified
test parameters.
If the user selects the “Advanced” tab in the Test parameters it will give them the option
to adjust items such as the pump cycle count, pump timing, and soak time.
If at any time the user decides that they no longer want to keep the adjusted test
parameters, they can simply click on the “Restore defaults” button on the bottom left of
the dialog box and all of the test parameters will be returned to their Factory Default
settings.
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Preferences
The Preferences option is where the user can select from different system options such
as Auto Save Test Data, the directory location for test files, barcode scanning option,
Temperature units, warnings, sounds, and the directory location to save cell pairing and
validation data.
Calibration Menu
The Calibration menu is where the user can pair Validation cells to the C3 and
electrically verify the machine. These options are password protected and can only be
adjusted once the correct password has been entered in “Log In” under the Security
menu. Refer to the security section for further information on Password “Log In”. The unit
is delivered already Calibrated and the user should not access this function. It is
available for factory set up or field service purposes. Validation cells supplied with each
C3 are paired to the unit prior to delivery and should be kept with the machine for weekly
maintenance.
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View Menu
The view menu allows the user to select from different display options within the main
test home screen. By checking the specific item it will select or de-select those items to
be shown on the page. The checked items will be shown.
Control Menu
In the Control menu the user will have the option to activate/deactivate various pieces of
equipment within the unit. This is where the user can select to start/stop a test, turn
on/off the heat and vacuum, and toggle the pump line purge option. In this menu the
user can also Set a new test number or Reset the test number back to zero. The Apply
10 Volts selection is a troubleshooting tool and should only be used upon advice from
Foresite.
The “Pump Line Purge” provides the controls necessary to test and purge the solution
extraction system. The number of purge cycles is set to two hundred and fifty (250) at
the factory. This number can be changed if needed. Pressing the Start button will cause
the system to purge that set number of cycles and the screen will show count status as it
pumps. The user can also stop the purge at any time by clicking Stop.
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Data Analysis
The Data Analysis menu allows the user to graph and analyze previous/current test data
for the desired test/date range. By selecting the Show CI Graph option the CI Graph
Data Selection dialog box will open.
Within the Graph Data Selection box the user can input or select various information
pertaining to the desired test graph to be displayed. Please note that this information is
case sensitive. The graphed data is based on the C.I. (Corrosivity Index) of the selected
tests. The output will be a graph pertaining to the data specified in the query.
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Likewise, by selecting the Save Summary Table option the Data Selection dialog box will
open.
The output of this query will generate an excel spreadsheet (HTML version unless the
user loads MS Office onto the PC) showing the data pertinent to the search criteria. For
example:
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Security Menu
The security menu is where the user can “Log in” to password protected functions of the
C3. This menu is also where the user can change the access password.
In the “Log in” on the drop-down menu, the user has an option to select from “Test
Parameters” or “Calibration”. “Test Parameters” allows the user access to Test
Parameters under the Edit Menu. “Calibration” allows the user access to Calibration and
Cell Pairing under the Calibration menu.
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To change the password from the factory default to one of your choosing, click on
“Change Password”.
Select which password is to be changed through the drop-down menu titled “Protected
area”.
Enter the old password, then the new password, finally confirming the new password.
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4. SYSTEM OPERATING PROCEDURES
4.1. Initial System Checkout
1. Ensure that the steps described in the Unpacking & Setup Section of this manual
have been performed correctly and that the PC and monitor turn on.
2. Verify that the extraction solution bag has a sufficient quantity of liquid and has been
“purged” to remove any trapped air bubbles. Position the bag so that any remaining
bubbles float away from the liquid outlet.
3. Insert a test cell into the steam head as shown. Raise the head and with the
collection reservoir facing the front of the head. Push the test cell up using the base
of the reservoir until the top of the wings are in-line with the slots in the steam head
housing (see arrow in photograph) and the cell feels firmly seated. Note – The wing
may not seat inside the slots. This is ok. If the test cell is firmly seated and the wings
align with the slots the fit should be proper.
4. Handle the cell only by the wings or body of the cell. DO NOT handle the end seal as
that is the part of the test cell that will be in contact with the sample being tested.
Foresite recommends the use of clean, powder free vinyl gloves when handling test
cells and samples.
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5. As a standard practice, the extraction solution delivery system is purged two hundred
and fifty (250) times prior to testing production samples. It is also recommended that
a purge cycle be completed if the C3 has not been operated for 24 or more hours.
Click the PURGE icon to enter the Purge Menu screen. As the number of purge
cycles is set to 250 at the factory, the system is initially setup to perform this
procedure. Press the Start button to begin the process. Collect the purged solution
by placing the supplied collection jar under the steam head. The purged solution can
then be properly disposed of once complete.
6. As a way to ensure that the system electrical calibration has not been affected during
shipping, a verification of system current calibration is to be performed (see the
System Calibration/Verification Procedures Section of this manual). This verification
consists of determining the actual measured current when each of the three
Electrical Verification Cells (low, medium and high) are placed in the steam head.
The resulting measured current values must fall within the limits set forth in the
verification procedure.
Foresite recommends the use of an ESD strap when working with components or
assemblies that may have highly sensitive static areas. The C3 is equipped with a
common ground location for convenience.
The C3 can be user configured to meet any particular extracting/testing condition that is
desired. However, extensive field and laboratory experience has established a standard
set of testing conditions to be used for the vast majority of situations. Those standard
parameters are loaded into memory at the factory.
Detailed instructions concerning changing the standard parameters are provided in the
Adjustment of Standard Testing Parameters Section of this manual. The changing of
these parameters is under password protection.
1. Prior to beginning testing, the system must be allowed to warm up and stabilize.
When the C3 and computer are powered up, the heater will automatically turn on and
heat the steam generator to the preheat temperature.
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The red LED on the steam head indicates that the heater is turned on. The light will
first blink then stay on and finally begin to cycle again once the heater is at the set
point temperature. Upon initially turning on the system, the heater temperature is set
to the system preheat temperature. At the start of the first test, the heater
temperature changes to the solution heater temperature and stays at that
temperature until the system has been idle for 30 minutes (see Heater Timeout
Interval in Test Parameters). Again, the heater will take several minutes to reach the
desired extraction temperature.
2. If User Information is to be input into the system database it should be done prior to
starting a test or series of tests. This operation is accessed through the “Edit/User
Information” tab.
3. Place the sample to be tested on the ESD mat in such a location that the area-of-
interest is within reach of the steam head.
4. Remove a test cell from the shipping tray, handling only by side wings on the cell.
Insert the test cell as discussed previously. It is important that the cell be fully seated
up into the steam head.
5. Lower the steam head with the test cell onto the area to be tested. Make sure that
the red seal is fully compressed.
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6. Begin the test process by left clicking the green “Start” button of the main testing
page. During testing a number of key parameters are displayed during this process.
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8. As the test progresses, the measured current at each measurement interval (250
ms) is plotted. Three resulting conditions are possible during testing. Those
conditions are Clean, Dirty and Invalid. The two most likely outcomes are CLEAN
and DIRTY. In the case of the clean event, the measured current did not exceed the
specified Limit Current (μA) within the Check Current Time (sec). In the case of the
dirty event, the specified Limit Current (μA) was exceeded in less than the Check
Current Time (120 sec).
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The third result condition INVALID is most likely caused by a solution extraction
error. For example, the volume of liquid extracted up into the collection reservoir was
not large enough to have the meniscus of the solution fall within the proper region of
the test electrode (see photograph in Principles of Operation). If the extraction
solution volume is not large enough to exceed the lower current threshold of 70 μA
after the excitation voltage is applied, an INVALID test condition is the result.
There are several likely reasons for a low liquid level. First, if open vias (non-tented
or plugged) are present within the test region, the extraction liquid will flow through
the circuit board. This is usually corrected by applying Kapton tape or Fun Tak™
putty to the back side of the board, sealing the vias. Second, the seal between the
cell and the sample surface may be incomplete allowing liquid to leak out of the test
area. Third, if the test cell is not fully inserted into the test head you may experience
a “flat line” response indicating there is no connection of the C3 Test Cell coupon to
the connector inside the test head. Check insertion depth of the C3 cell and burnish
(scratch) marks on the coupon electrodes to confirm connection is being made with
the connector. Finally, the extraction solution bag may be empty and need to be
changed.
Note:
Only use Fun Tak brand putty and verified clean Kapton high temperature tape as
other materials may affect your C3 measurements.
9. At the completion of a test, it is necessary to save the data to the test database. If
this step is not completed, a record of that test will be lost. Press the Save Data
button to store the current test data. Alternatively, the user can set up the user
preferences to auto-save the data at the end of each test.
Raise the steam head and push down on the ejector bar to release the test cell.
Remove the cell by pulling down on the wings of the cell.
11. The majority of the extraction solution is taken up into the collection reservoir during
testing leaving little liquid left on the test surface. Therefore, as a general statement,
the part under test is left to air dry with no attempt to actively force clean or dry the
tested region. If desired, the surface can be dried using a clean lab wipe or similar
lint-free cloth.
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4.3. Data Storage and Retrieval
In order to keep a log of the testing that was conducted and of those results, it is
necessary to save the results of each test before starting a new test. If a new test is
started before the data is stored, the results of the previous test are purged from
memory, unless auto save is set up by the user.
To save a test the operator is to follow the same process as they would if they were
saving a document on an MS office program. Locate the “File” tab on the top menu bar
and click it to open the drop-down menu. Select “Test” and then the “Save” option and
enter the desired file name in the dialog box labeled “File Name”. Click the “Save” button
and the test will be saved under the given name in the desired location. The user can
also save test data by simply clicking on the save icon on the tool bar at the top of the
screen. However, by clicking the save icon it will not allow you to save the test as a
special name and will only save it by the user information (customer name), test number,
and date code.
To load a test from previously saved data files the operator is to follow the same steps
as above but instead of selecting “Save” they are to select “Open”. From there the
operator can view a list of tests that have been saved and they can select the test for
which they want to recall data. Once selected the program will redisplay the test results
including the graphed results.
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Capturing Test Data in PDF Format
If the user desires to capture test results in PDF format the following steps should be
followed.
1. At the end of the test cycle save (or Auto-save) the test results.
2. Click on File
4. If the file path is where you want the pdf to be located then add a file name and
click on Save
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5. The PDF will be saved to the folder you chose
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4.4. Daily and Weekly Operational/Maintenance Checks
Daily
This purge operation should ensure that the extraction solution used in testing is fresh
from the solution bag and has not been in contact for long periods of time with the
internal parts of the fluids system, providing the most repeatable test results.
Weekly
Follow the procedure for Verification of System Current Calibration in the System
Calibration/Verification Procedures Section of this manual.
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4.5. Verification of System Current Calibration
The accuracy of the measured sensor current is verified using the three electrical
verification cells supplied with the C3. Those cells are matched to the serial number of
the supplied unit.
To perform an electrical verification first click on the Verification tab and select Verify
Cells.
Once the Verify Cells option has been selected it will populate a dialog box with guided
instructions on how to properly verify the system. Insert each test validation cell into the
steam head and follow the instructions.
Upon completion of the Verification test, the system will show the measured values and
indicate if the system has passed or failed the check. If each of the three current values
fall within the specified limit of +/- 5 uA, the system is considered calibrated and
acceptable for production use. When this testing is completed, close the dialog box.
If a “Pass” is not indicated for one or more of the three validation cells, perform a Pairing
operation of the cells and then perform the Verifiction procedure again.
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4.6. Cell Pairing Procedure
To Pair the Validation Cells, follow these steps:
Follow the instructions in the pop up window for each of the three Validation Cells, Low,
Medium, and High, provided with the machine.
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After all three cells have been paired a Verification Test can be performed.
If the Verification Test continues to fail after Cell Pairing then contact Technical Support
at Foresite, Inc. for additional help.
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4.7. Use of Priming Syringe Tool
In rare instances the one way check valve on the extraction solution bag cap can
become stuck shut. When this happens the solution pump will not create a strong
enough force to open it. When this happens use the included Priming Syringe Tool to
open the check valve to allow the flow of extraction solution through it.
2. Open the side drawer of the C3CI cabinet, exposing the extraction system.
3. Remove the knurled fluid nut from the one way check valve on the solution bag
cap. Do not remove the cap from the solution bag.
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4. Make sure that the syringe plunger is depressed into the syringe body. Then
screw the threaded end of the Priming Tool onto the one way check valve.
5. Slowly pull the syringe plunger out until extraction solution begins to enter the
syringe body.
6. Unscrew the Priming Syringe tool, discard the solution in the syringe, and re-
assemble the one way check valve to the fluid line by screwing the knurled fluid
nut into the valve. Close the side drawer. At this time a system purge is
recommended.
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User Notes
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