English Lesson 4

LITERACY AND COMMUNICATION ARTS
GRADE 6
Fourth Quarter, Module 4
MARK ANGELO C. FUERTES

Teacher
LESSON 4
Compose clear and coherent sentences using appropriate
grammatical structures: conjunctions
Specific Objectives
By the end of the lesson, you will have been able to:
• define and recognize conjunctions;
• differentiate coordinating from subordinating conjunctions; and
• compose clear and coherent sentences using coordinating and
subordinating conjunctions.
Setting the Stage
Match the clauses below to create meaningful sentences.
I would be able to play the role when someone cried for help
The pupils ran out of the room since I last heard from you
The event was about to start as soon as the bell rang
I wish you won’t make noise if only I could act well
It has been several months while I try to focus
Instructional Input
A conjunction is a part of speech that directly connects, links,

or relates words or groups of words into a single unit. Using conjunc-
tions to bring your ideas together allows you to display a more natural
flow and rhythm in your writing. In the English language, conjunctions
are classified as coordinating, subordinating, or correlative based on
the kinds of grammatical structures they join.
Coordinating conjunctions, which join two or more words,
phrases, or independent clauses (clauses that can stand alone, sim-
ilar to a simple sentence) of equal grammatical structure, can be eas-
ily remembered using the mnemonic FANBOYS:
• for – explains reason or purpose
• and – adds one thing to another
• nor – presents an alternative negative idea to a negative idea
• but – shows contrast
• or – presents an alternative or an option
• yet – presents a contrasting idea (similar to but)
• so – indicates a consequence, an effect, or a result
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
and but for nor or so yet
Examples:
• WITH NOUNS
My brother and sister ran the program.
• WITH VERBS
He trembled yet continued on his way.
• WITH ADJECTIVES
She wore a simple yet elegant dress.
• WITH ADVERBS
The carpenter works quickly but efficiently.
• WITH PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
Turn to the left or to the right.
• WITH SUBORDINATE IDEAS
She felt that I could do it but that I wouldn’t take the time.
• WITH COMPLETE IDEAS
They went swimming, for it was very hot.
Subordinating conjunctions join an independent clause to a

dependent clause (a clause that cannot stand alone without an inde-
pendent clause to complete its meaning). In other words, these con-
junctions connect two complete ideas by making one clause subor-
dinate (lower in rank or importance) to another clause. Subordinating
conjunctions are always used to start dependent clauses and may
appear in the beginning of the sentence or between the clauses that
they connect.
FREQUENTLY USED
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
after because lest till
although before now that unless
as even if provided until
as if even though since when
as long as how so that whenever
as much as if than where
as soon as inasmuch as that wherever
as though in order that though while
Examples:
• As soon as we turned our backs, the cat jumped on us.
SUBORDINATE IDEA MAIN IDEA
• Because she practices, she is a good musician.

SUBORDINATE IDEA MAIN IDEA
• I go to museums whenever I get a chance.

MAIN IDEA SUBORDINATE IDEA
Correlative conjunctions are similar to coordinating conjunc-

tions but always appear in pairs.
CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS
both – and neither – nor whether – or
either – or not only – but also
Examples:
• WITH NOUNS
He lost both the necklace and the ring.
• WITH ADVERBS
She worked not only effortlessly but also masterfully.
• WITH PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
We saw pelicans both near the pier and along the beach.
• WITH COMPLETE IDEAS
Either I can go shopping or I can study.
Guided Practice
A. Underline the conjunction in the sentence. Then identify the kind

of conjunction used.
__________ 1. Since they refused to vote, they shouldn’t be
complaining about the country’s leadership.
__________ 2. You must either leave for the movies immedi-
ately or forget about going.
__________ 3. We had to take a detour because the bridge had
been washed out.
__________ 4. She has not succeeded then nor is she likely to
succeed now.
__________ 5. Would you have a hotdog or a hamburger?
__________ 6. When the bus was late, he became angry.
__________ 7. During his fast he neither ate nor drank.
__________ 8. Both he and she work on the project.
__________ 9. If you hear of a job, let me know.
_________ 10. We waited, yet no one came.
B. Complete the sentence with the appropriate coordinating or sub-

ordinating conjunction. You can use a conjunction only once.
after because for so while
and before or until yet
1. You will have to call later __________ she is still in a meeting.

2. Inches of rain had fallen, __________ the downpour continued.
3. We all went out __________ we finished painting the house.
4. White, blue, __________ beige upholstery suits this room.
5. I want to swim some laps __________ we all have lunch.
6. Please get the phone __________ I have to leave now.
7. We have cleaned the park, __________ it is now safe.
8. Will you set the table __________ I finish the salad?
9. We will stay __________ they hand out the award.
10. The visiting team played hard __________ well.
Independent Practice
A. Complete each sentence with the appropriate coordinating con-

junction. You can use a coordinating conjunction only once.
1. She does not agree with it __________ support those who do.
2. He wants her __________ you to play the leads in the play.
3. They promised to return __________ everyone had fun.
4. I will bake a cake __________ we have enough food.
5. Was it actually dead __________ just pretending?
B. Complete each sentence with the appropriate subordinating con-

junction. You can use a subordinating conjunction only once.
1. Buffalo are scarce today __________ people in the last century
recklessly slaughtered them.
2. The judge listened to the explanation __________ she might
decide fairly.
3. The pilot waited __________ she received a signal for takeoff.
4. __________ he heard about the sale, he rushed to the mall.
5. __________ we weeded the garden, the yard looks better.
6. __________ she has no experience, we plan to hire her.
7. It doesn’t matter __________ you take him to the park.
8. She ran steadily __________ wolves were after her.
9. He bit his nails __________ he was nervous.
10. __________ the child went, he left crumbs.
Evaluation
Write a paragraph that describes your experiences in learning the

English language amid the pandemic. Use five coordinating conjunc-
tions and five subordinating conjunctions in your paragraph. Under-
line the conjunctions used.
Rubric for Paragraph Writing
Criteria VGE GE SE LE N
5 4 3 2 1
The flow of ideas is smooth and easy to read.
Correct writing mechanics are observed.
The correct conjunctions are used.
Sentences are well-structured.
Word choice is appropriate.
Total ___ / 25
Legend: VGE – To a very great extent; GE – To a great extent;
SE – To some extent; LE – To a little extent; N – Not at all
References
Forlini, G., Bauer, M. B., Biener, L., Capo, L., Kenyon, K. M., Shaw, D. H., Verner, Z.
(1990a). Prentice Hall grammar and composition 1 (4th ed.). Pasig City, PH:
Anvil Publishing, Inc.
(1990b). Prentice Hall grammar and composition 3 (4th ed.). Pasig City, PH:
Anvil Publishing, Inc.
(2005c). Prentice Hall grammar and composition 2. Singapore: Pearson Edu-
cation South Asia Pte Ltd.
Ramos–Espiel, M. G. (2020). English for Smart Learners 6. Makati City, PH: Diwa
Learning Systems Inc.
Teodoro, J. V. B. (2016). Effective English for Lifelong Learning 5. Makati City, PH:
Diwa Learning Systems Inc.

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LITERACY AND COMMUNICATION ARTS

Fourth Quarter, Module 4

MARK ANGELO C. FUERTES

Setting the Stage

Match the clauses below to create meaningful sentences.

A conjunction is a part of speech that directly connects, links,

Subordinating conjunctions join an independent clause to a

• Because she practices, she is a good musician.

• I go to museums whenever I get a chance.

Correlative conjunctions are similar to coordinating conjunc-

A. Underline the conjunction in the sentence. Then identify the kind

B. Complete the sentence with the appropriate coordinating or sub-

1. You will have to call later __________ she is still in a meeting.

A. Complete each sentence with the appropriate coordinating con-

B. Complete each sentence with the appropriate subordinating con-

Write a paragraph that describes your experiences in learning the

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