4

Science
Quarter 1 – Module 2-A:
Changes that Materials Undergo
(Week 2)
 What I Need to Know

Everything around us is made up of matter. The three states of matter are

solid, liquid and gas. Like other materials, solids have different
characteristics/properties such as size, shape, color, odor, texture, and others. The
solid materials could also undergo changes when exposed to certain conditions such
as force, pressure, temperature or when mixed with other materials.

In this module, we will be learning the following objective:

Describe changes in solid materials when they are bent, pressed,

hammered, or cut; (S4MT-Ie-f5)

Lesson 2.0: Describe the changes that happen in solid materials

What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully and write only the letter of the best answer.

_____1. All of the following are some ways of changing the appearance of solid
materials EXCEPT:
A. bending C. pressing
B. holding D. hammering
____2. The shape of a candle may change through
A. coloring B. melting C. pressing D. bending
____3. Which of the three phases of matter has definite shape?
A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gas D. all of the above
____4. What are the characteristics of solid material?
1. It has definite size 4. It has definite shape
2. Its molecules are very close together 5. It follows the shape of its
container
3. It can be touch 6. It has definite volume
 A. 1, 2, 3,4,5 C. 1,2,3,4,5, 6
B. 1,2,3,4,6 D. 1, 2.3,5,6

____5. What do sugar and salt have in common?

A. Taste C. Physical appearance
B. Chemical composition D. Nothing
____6. What physical property of solid can be measured?
A. Texture B. Shape C. Size D. Color
____7. What change happens when ice turn to water?
A. Neither a physical nor chemical change occurred
B. Physical change occurred
C. Chemical change occurred
D. Either a physical or chemical changed occurred
____8. Which of the following ways of changing solid can be either bring a
chemical or physical change to a material?
A. Hammering C. Bending
B. Heating D. Pressing
____9. Coco and Piolo were each given a bar of clay. Both pupils used all their
clay to make an object. Coco rolled it into a ball and Piolo made it into a
top. What change took place in the clay?
A. size B. color C. shape D. texture

____10. Your mother put all the dried clothes in the sofa. What will you do with
them?
1. Press them 3. Fold them
2. Hammer them 4. Twist them

A. 1 and 2 B. 2 and 3 C. 3 and 4 D. 1and 3

Lesson
Changes in Solid Materials
2.0
 What’s In

Look and study the pictures. What does each character in

the picture does? What change may happen to the materials after such action?
Unscramble the letters and write your answer inside the box.
Directions: Look at each picture, name the material and write the phase of matter
it shows. Unscramble the letter to come up with the answer and write it inside the
blank box.

LISDO QUIDIL AGS

What’s New

Changes that Materials Undergo

You have learned from your previous grade the phases and states of matter.
In the next activity, you will learn how solid materials change in terms of size,
shape, texture and etc., when actions are applied to it.
 Activity 1
Defining Solid Materials
Problem:
What are solids?

What you need:

Materials may vary depends upon its availability in the surroundings
A piece of wood, a stone, a spoon, a book, a ruler, a pencil,
Ballpen
SAFETY PRECAUTION: Do not taste. Work under parents/ guardian
supervision

What to do:
1. Gather and study the list of materials in the table below.
2. Describe and write their size, shape, texture, etc. in table 1.
3. Think and do any action you can apply to each object to change its size,
shape, texture, etc.
4. Record the changes that happened to the materials after doing your
ways to change them in the second table (size, shape, texture, etc.)
5. After observing all the materials, clean up your working area.

Data and Observation

Table 1. Data on Description of Solid Material Before Applying Actions

Name of Material size shape texture Other

observations

1. a piece of
wood
2. a stone

3. a spoon
4. a book

5. a pencil
 Table 2. Data on Observation of Solid Materials After Applying Actions

Name of Material size shape texture Other

observations

1. a piece of
wood
2. a stone

3. a spoon
4. a book

5. a pencil

What have you found out?

1. What are the characteristics of solid materials?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

2. What did you do to change its size? shape? texture?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

3. What are the other characteristics of solid materials did you observe?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
 What is It

Points to Remember:

Solid is one of the three main states of matter, along with liquid and gas.
Let’s check
The molecules in awhat youclosely
solid are have packed
learnedtogether
so far!and
Good luck…
are not free to move
about within the substance. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take
on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire available
volume like a gas.
What’s More

Solid materials have different characteristics or properties such as

definite size, shape and volume. It has color, texture, weight, etc. You can hold
solids.
Solid materials can be change through many ways: cutting, tearing,
folding, twisting, bending, stretching, pressing, coloring, crumpling, melting,
hammering. Such actions may change the materials’ size, shape, texture color
and other characteristics. Heating of material may also change physical
appearance such as heating of margarine, chocolate bar and oil. The change in
physical appearance without affecting its matter composition is called physical
change.
Misconception Alert!
Misconception: When you add heat, you can cause a chemical change.
FACT: Heat can cause chemical change, like cooking an egg and
toasting bread, but not all changes that involves heat result chemical change like
popping of popcorn or boiling of water.
 What’s More

I. Directions: Copy the word in the box containing solid materials.

pencil eraser water alcohol ink

chalk glue oil notebook crayons

II. Directions: Choose the facts about solid materials and rewrite it on
your paper.
1. Solid molecules move freely.
2. It takes up space.
3. It takes the shape of its container.
4. Solid can be measured. .
5. Solid material is composed of compacted molecules.
6. Powdered materials like flour, cornstarch and dust are also examples
of solid.
7. You can hold solid objects with your hands.
8. Solid material has indefinite shape.
9. Solid flows.
10.Solid has definite shape.
11.

What I Have Learned

What changes may happen to solid materials when surrounding pressure

or actions are applied?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
 What I Can Do

Children like you can already do simple household chores. What will you
do with your mother’s dried laundry? What change happened to the clothes?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Directions: Read the following item and write the letter of the correct answer
on your paper.
1. What phase of matter has definite shape, size and volume?
A. solid B. liquid C. gas D. all of the above
2. A mirror accidentally falls on the ground. What change may happen to it?
A. size B. shape C. texture D. all of the above
3. What are examples of solid materials?
A. candies, chocolate bars, cotton candy and juice
B. softdrinks, ice candy and chocolate syrup
C. water, cake and hamburger
D. ice, salt and sugar
4. What change happens in ice when exposed to heat and air?
I. Size II. Shape III. Odor IV. Texture V. Color
A. I, II and III C. I, II, III and V
B. I, II, and V D. I, II, IV and V
5. How can you change the physical appearance of solid material without
changing its chemical composition?
A. by cooking C. by burning
B. by rotting D. by tearing
 What I Know What’s In
SOLID LIQUID GAS
1. B 6. C
2. B 7. D What’s New
3. A 8. B Activity 1
4. B 9. C Table 1: Answers may vary
5. C 10. D Table 2: Answers may vary
What have you found out?
Answers may vary
What’s More What I Have Learned
I. Answers may vary
Pencil Eraser
What I Can Do
Chalk Notebook
Answers may vary
Crayons
Assessment
II. 1. A
2. It takes up space. 2. D
4. Solid can be measured. .3. D
5. Solid material is composed of compacted 4. D
molecules. 5. D
6. Powdered materials like flour, cornstarch
and dust are also examples of solid.
7. You can hold solid objects with your hands. Additional Activities
10. Solid has definite shape. Answers may vary
etc. without changing their chemical composition.
beside each picture how you can change them in terms of size, shape, texture and
Directions: Make a scrapbook of solid objects cut-out from magazines. Write
Additional Activities
References:

Science Learner’s Materials Published by the Department of Education of

Lexicon Press Inc.
The New Science Links Worktext in Science and Technology 4, 2017 Enhanced
Version ,Revised Edition Published by REX Book Store
www.nicepng.com
www.kindpng.com
www.shutterstock.com
https://www.livescience.com /46946-solids.html