Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 56 views

    UTP - Lecture-20 - TXT (Autosaved)

    Uploaded by

    Shivangi Mishra
    The document discusses trip distribution analysis which involves developing procedures to model trip linkages between traffic zones. It describes two types of trip distribution matrices: production-attraction (PA) matrices and origin-destination (OD) matrices. PA matrices show trip interchanges between production and attraction zones while OD matrices show directional trip flows between origin and destination zones. The document provides a process to convert PA matrices into OD matrices for directional traffic assignment and explains the basis of trip distribution which considers the attractiveness of zones and the intervening difficulties like distance or travel time between zones.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    UTP - Lecture-20 - TXT (Autosaved)

    Uploaded by

    Shivangi Mishra
    56 views18 pages
    The document discusses trip distribution analysis which involves developing procedures to model trip linkages between traffic zones. It describes two types of trip distribution matrices: production-attraction (PA) matrices and origin-destination (OD) matrices. PA matrices show trip interchanges between production and attraction zones while OD matrices show directional trip flows between origin and destination zones. The document provides a process to convert PA matrices into OD matrices for directional traffic assignment and explains the basis of trip distribution which considers the attractiveness of zones and the intervening difficulties like distance or travel time between zones.

    Original Title

    UTP_Lecture-20_txt [Autosaved]

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses trip distribution analysis which involves developing procedures to model trip linkages between traffic zones. It describes two types of trip distribution matrices: production-attraction (PA) matrices and origin-destination (OD) matrices. PA matrices show trip interchanges between production and attraction zones while OD matrices show directional trip flows between origin and destination zones. The document provides a process to convert PA matrices into OD matrices for directional traffic assignment and explains the basis of trip distribution which considers the attractiveness of zones and the intervening difficulties like distance or travel time between zones.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    56 views18 pages

    UTP - Lecture-20 - TXT (Autosaved)

    Uploaded by

    Shivangi Mishra
    The document discusses trip distribution analysis which involves developing procedures to model trip linkages between traffic zones. It describes two types of trip distribution matrices: production-attraction (PA) matrices and origin-destination (OD) matrices. PA matrices show trip interchanges between production and attraction zones while OD matrices show directional trip flows between origin and destination zones. The document provides a process to convert PA matrices into OD matrices for directional traffic assignment and explains the basis of trip distribution which considers the attractiveness of zones and the intervening difficulties like distance or travel time between zones.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 18

    Lecture-20

    Urban Transport Planning


    Trip Distribution Analysis

    A. K. Singh
    TRIP DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS
    The purpose of the trip distribution analysis is to
    develop a procedure that synthesizes the trip
    linkages between traffic zones for both transit
    captive and choice trip makers.

    The distribution of trips between zones can be


    better illustrated in the form of a matrix.

    There are two types of trip distribution matrices:


    (i) Production-Attraction (PA) matrix and
    (ii) Origin-Destination (OD) matrix.
    In the PA matrix, the rows and columns
    represent production and attraction zones,
    respectively, as shown in Fig. 1.

    Fig. 1 Production-Attraction Matrix


    The cell element is the number of trips
    produced at zone i and attracted to zone j.
    Hence, a PA matrix has no directional meaning
    and its cell elements represent trip
    interchanges.
    The number of production zones generally
    equals the number of attraction zones, n.
    The row sum, is the total number of trips
    produced at Zone i and the column sum, is
    the total number of trips attracted to zone j.
    The sum of productions T equals the sum of
    attractions.
    The OD matrix is required for directional traffic
    assignment. In this matrix, the rows and columns
    represent the origin and destination zones
    respectively (Fig. 2).
    The cell element denoted by is the number
    of trips originating from i and destined to j.

    Therefore, an OD matrix has directional


    meaning and its cell elements represent trip
    flow.

    The row sum O, is the total number of trips


    originating from zone i and the column sum
    is the total number of trips destined to zone j.
    Converting a PA Matrix into an OD Matrix

    For directional traffic assignment, the PA


    matrix must be converted to an OD matrix.

    Consider the trip interchange between zones


    1 and 2 shown in the following Fig.
    Let the proportion of trips originating from the
    production zone, denoted by , be 0.4. Then,
    The general formulae for finding the cell
    elements of an OD matrix, from the cell
    elements of PA matrix, are:
    Conversion of PA Matrix into an OD Matrix
    ( = 0.4 )
    Note that the sum and equals the sum
    and . Also, the diagonal elements in both
    matrices are the same.

    In practice the value of will be around 0.5 for a


    24 hour matrix which will result in a symmetrical
    OD matrix.
    Consider the previous example by taking
    = 0.5.
    BASIS OF TRIP DISTRIBUTION
    The rationale of trip distribution is as
    follows: All trip-attracting zones j in the
    region are in competition with each other
    to attract trips produced by each zone i.

    Everything else being equal, more trips


    will be attracted by zones that have
    higher levels of “attractiveness”.

    However, other intervening factors affect


    the choice of j as well.
    Consider, for example, the case of two
    identical shopping centers (i.e., of equal
    attractiveness) competing for the shopping
    trips produced by a given zone i.

    lf the distances between zone i and each of


    the two centers are different, shoppers
    residing in zone i will show a preference for
    the closer of the two identical centers.
    Thus, the intervening difficulty of travel
    between the producing zone i and each of the
    competing zones j has a definite effect on the
    choice of attraction zone.

    In the shopping center example, distance is


    cited as a measure of this difficulty of travel, but
    other measures of this effect may be used, such as
    travel time or some generalized cost that includes
    travel time, out-of-pocket cost, and the like.

    The notation is used to denote this


    generalized cost, which is also known as travel
    impedence.

    You might also like